A Report on Gear Pumps Introduction:

Gearpump: The gear pump is a positive displacement (PD) type of pump generally used for the transfer and metering of liquids. The pump is so named because it has two gears that are side-by-side or external to each other. The gear pump is a precision machine with extremely tight fits and tolerances, and is capable of working against high differential pressures. The gear pump is an example of rotary pump. It is a positive displacement pump in which the pumping action is caused by the relative movement of rotating and stationary element of the pump. The gear pump draws the fluid from a chamber and can attain discharge pressure up to 200 atm. It contains no check valves and when built of proper material can be used for any liquid without suspended solids or abrasives. An efficiency of about 90% can be obtained with this pump. The use of gear pumps in the market is very common because it is a compact, powerful, robust and competitive cost level. This converts the kinetic energy component in the form of torque generated by a motor into hydraulic energy through the oil flow generated by the pump.

EXPLODED VIEW OF GEAR PUMP

Gear pumps are positive displacement (or fixed displacement), meaning they pump a constant amount of fluid for each revolution. Some gear pumps are designed to function as either a motor or a pump.

GEAR PUMP

Working Principle
The working principle of the external gear pump is illustrated in Figure 1.A drive gear (that is driven by a motor) rotates an idler gear in the opposite direction. When the gears rotate, the liquid, which is trapped in the gear teeth spaces between the housing bore and the outside of the gears, is transferred from the inlet side of the pump to the outlet side. It is important to note that the pumped liquid moves around the gears and not between the gears. The rotating gears continue to deliver a fresh supply of liquid from the suction (inlet) side of the pump to the discharge (outlet) side of the pump, with virtually no pulsations. The meshing INLET DIRECTION OF FLOW INLET OUTLET OUTLET DRIVE GEAR IDLER GEAR HOUSING Clockwise Rotation of Drive Gear Counter-Clockwise Rotation of Drive Gear IDLER SHAFT DRIVE SHAFT of the gears on the discharge side of the pump forces the liquid out of the pump and into the discharge piping.Figure 1 also shows that the direction of rotation of the drive gear determines the direction of flow thru the pump, and which side of the pump is the inlet and which side is the outlet. If the direction of rotation of the motor (and therefore the drive gear) is reversed, the direction of flow thru the pump will also reverse. This bi-directional flow characteristic is one of the many advantages inherent to gear pumps.

Figure 1

CONSTRUCTION:

The gear pump consists of two identical intermeshing gears rotating with close clearance inside suitable pump housing. One of the gears called the driver gear is connected to the input by a driver shaft. The other gear called the idler gear is mounted on a pin and is free to rotate around the axis of the pin. Power is supplied to the driver gear while the idler gear rotates relatively due to the close intermeshing. The pump is provided with airtight inlet and outlet pipes.

EXPLODED VIEW OF GEAR PUMP

Applications in various Industries

1. Chemical/Synthetic fiber Production: Delivery of melted fiber material (polyester, nylon, polypropylene, spandex, etc.) Wet spinning material (rayon, vinylon, acryl, etc.) Dry spinning material (spandex, acetate, etc.)

Super fiber production (carbon fiber, aramid fiber, fluorine fiber, polyethylene, etc.) Hollow fiber production (polysulphone, polyethersulphone, acetate, etc.) Lubricant delivery Polymer transfer and booster (polymerization) 2. Mixing of Different Liquids: Constant rate feeding of polyurethane, epoxy resin, etc. 3.Pharmaceutical Tablet Manufacturing: Surface coating of tablets 4.Automotive Manufacturing: Constant rate feeding of paint Constant rate feeding of sealant 5.General Industrial Applications: Constant rate feeding of paint Constant rate feeding of sealant, adhesive, etc. Constant rate feeding to a diffuser 6.Extrusion Molding: Production of various types of films, sheets, etc. 7.Treatment of Various Types of Films: Thin coating 8.Special and Miscellaneous Applications: * These are only a few of the possible applications; please consult us for more information. Feeding of solvent or solution that requires anticorrosive equipment Constant rate feeding of fluid with special properties Feeding of fluid mixed with solids (filler, silica, etc.) shaft seal for moisture cure materials.

Fig. : The Engine Oil Pump Circulates and Pressuring the Engine Oil

Fig.: Gear pump are also used in plant-wide lubrication systems and machine tool coolant/ lubrication applications

Fig. : Gorman Rupp rotary gear pumps are built to effectively handle corrosive and viscuss liquids

Credits Mohit Sai Ganpat Meena Chirag Dhyawala