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PHN 1: M U ........................................................................................................2 VIT CHNG TRNH CHI C CARO S DNG WEBSERVICE ............................................................................................................2 Gii thiu v ti ......................................................................................................2 1.2.Gii hn v phm vi nghin cu ...........................................................................2 1.3.Mc tiu nghin cu ..............................................................................................2 1.4.Phng php nghin cu .......................................................................................3 1.5.Nhim v nghin cu ............................................................................................3 PHN 2: NI DUNG ....................................................................................................4 2.1. Tng quan v webservices: ................................................................................4 2.1.5.S truyn ti d liu ........................................................................12 2.1.5.6.SOAP Sender ................................................................................13 2.1.5.12.Cc thut ng lin quan n XML ...........................................14 2.2. Ni dung chng trnh..20

PHN 3: KT LUN ..................................................................................................21 TI LIU THAM KHO...........................................................................................22

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PHN 1: M U
Tn ti VIT CHNG TRNH CHI C CARO S DNG WEBSERVICE

Gii thiu v ti
C caro chnh l mn c logic lu i v c xa nht trn Tri t. C caro c sng to t nhiu nn vn minh khc nhau mt cch c lp. N bt u xut hin t nm 2000 trc CN sng Hong H, Trung Quc. Mt s nh khoa hc tm thy bng chng chng minh Caro c pht minh Hy lp c i v Chu M trc thi Colombo. C caro vn l game c a chung v rt nhiu bn tr am m, c bit l cc bn hc sinh, sinh vin ch vi 1 mnh giy v chic bt l 2 ngi c th so ti vi nhau. Nhng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh th chng ta c th chi c caro vi nhau bng nhng chic my tnh ca mnh trong mng Lan. Phn mm chi c caro trong mng Lan s em li cho bn cm gic th v v gip cc bn th gin trong nhng gi hc tp v lm vic mt mi. Chng trnh chi c caro s dng webservices, bn s tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian, ng thi lm c rt nhiu vic c ch.

1.1.Khch th v i tng nghin cu i tng nghin cu: C ch hot ng ca webservices. Khch th: chng trnh chi c caro s dng cng ngh webservices. 1.2.Gii hn v phm vi nghin cu Gii hn v thi gian: T thng 10 n thng 11 nm 2012. Gii hn v ni dung: Chng trnh chi c caro s dng cng ngh webservices. 1.3.Mc tiu nghin cu Khi phn mm hon thnh thc hin c cc chc nng chnh sau: Cho php chi c caro gia 2 my tnh trong mng

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1.4.Phng php nghin cu Phn tch, tng hp l thuyt. Phng php lch s. Phng php phn loi, h thng ha. 1.5.Nhim v nghin cu

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PHN 2: NI DUNG
2.1. Tng quan v webservices:

Web Services l s kt hp cc my tnh c nhn vi cc thit b khc, cc c s d liu v cc mng my tnh to thnh mt c cu tnh ton o m ngi s dng c th lm vic thng qua cc trnh duyt mng. Bn thn cc dch v ny s chy trn cc my ch trn nn Internet ch khng phi l cc my tnh c nhn, do vy c th chuyn cc chc nng t my tnh c nhn ln Internet. Ngi s dng c th lm vic vi cc dch v thng qua bt k loi my no c h tr web service v c truy cp Internet, k c cc thit b cm tay. Do cc web service s lm Internet bin i thnh mt ni lm vic ch khng phi l mt phng tin xem v ti ni dung. iu ny cng s a cc d liu v cc ng dng t my tnh c nhn ti cc my phc v ca mt nh cung cp Web Services. Cc my phc v ny cng cn tr thnh ngun cung cp cho ngi s dng c v an ton, ring t v kh nng truy nhp. Cc my phc v ng dng s l mt phn quan trng ca cc web service bi v thng th cc my ch ny thc hin cc hot ng ng dng phc tp da trn s chuyn giao gia ngi s dng v cc chng trnh kinh doanh hay cc c s d liu ca mt t chc no . Mt s nh quan st ngnh cng nghip ny cho rng web service khng thc s l mt khi nim mi v phn nh mt phn khng nh khi nim mng my tnh vn tr nn quen thuc trong nhiu nm qua. Web service ch yu da trn mt li gi th tc t xa khng cht ch m c th thay th cc li gi th tc t xa cht ch, i hi cc kt ni API ph hp ang ph bin hin nay. Web Services s dng XML ch khng phi C hay C++, gi cc quy trnh. Tuy nhin cc chuyn gia khc li cho rng web service l mt dng API da trn phn mm trung gian, c s dng XML to phn giao din trn nn Java 2 (J2EE) hay cc server ng dng .NET. Ging nh cc phn mm trung gian, web service s kt ni server ng dng vi cc chng trnh khch hng. 2.1.1. Gii thiu cng ngh: Theo nh ngha ca W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), Web Services l mt h thng phn mm c thit k h tr kh nng tng tc gia cc ng dng trn cc my tnh khc nhau thng qua mng Internet, giao din chung v s gn kt ca n c m t bng XML. Web Services l ti nguyn phn mm c th xc nh bng a ch URL, thc hin cc chc nng v a ra cc thng tin ngi dng yu cu. Mt Web Services c to nn bng cch ly cc chc nng v ng gi chng sao cho cc ng dng khc d dng nhn thy v c th truy cp n nhng dch v m n thc hin, ng thi c th yu cu thng tin t Web Services khc. N bao gm cc m

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un c lp cho hot ng ca khch hng v doanh nghip v bn thn n c thc thi trn server. Trc ht, c th ni rng ng dng c bn ca Web Services l tch hp cc h thng v l mt trong nhng hot ng chnh khi pht trin h thng. Trong h thng ny, cc ng dng cn c tch hp vi c s d liu (CSDL) v cc ng dng khc, ngi s dng s giao tip vi CSDL tin hnh phn tch v ly d liu. Trong thi gian gn y, vic pht trin mnh m ca thng mi in t v B2B cng i hi cc h thng phi c kh nng tch hp vi CSDL ca cc i tc kinh doanh (ngha l tng tc vi h thng bn ngoi bn cnh tng tc vi cc thnh phn bn trong ca h thng trong doanh nghip). Di y, chng ta s xem qua nhng khi nim v cch thc c bn nht xy dng mt Web Services trong tch hp v pht trin h thng. 2.1.2. c im ca Web Services a) c im Web Services cho php client v server tng tc c vi nhau ngay c trong nhng mi trng khc nhau. V d, t Web server cho ng dng trn mt my ch chy h iu hnh Linux trong khi ngi dng s dng my tnh chy h iu hnh Windows, ng dng vn c th chy v x l bnh thng m khng cn thm yu cu c bit tng thch gia hai h iu hnh ny. Phn ln k thut ca Web Services c xy dng da trn m ngun m v c pht trin t cc chun c cng nhn, v d nh XML. Mt Web Services bao gm c nhiu m-un v c th cng b ln mng Internet. L s kt hp ca vic pht trin theo hng tng thnh phn vi nhng lnh vc c th v c s h tng Web, a ra nhng li ch cho c doanh nghip, khch hng, nhng nh cung cp khc v c nhng c nhn thng qua mng Internet. Mt ng dng khi c trin khai s hot ng theo m hnh client-server. N c th c trin khai bi mt phn mm ng dng pha server v d nh PHP, Oracle Application server hay Microsoft.Net

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Ngy nay Web Services ang rt pht trin, nhng lnh vc trong cuc sng c th p dng v tch hp Web Services l kh rng ln nh dch v chn lc v phn loi tin tc (h thng th vin c kt ni n web portal tm kim cc thng tin cn thit); ng dng cho cc dch v du lch (cung cp gi v, thng tin v a im), cc i l bn hng qua mng, thng tin thng mi nh gi c, t gi hi oi, u gi qua mnghay dch v giao dch trc tuyn (cho c B2B v B2C) nh t v my bay, thng tin thu xe Cc ng dng c tch hp Web Services khng cn l xa l, c bit trong iu kin thng mi in t ang bng n v pht trin khng ngng cng vi s ln mnh ca Internet. Bt k mt lnh vc no trong cuc sng cng c th tch hp vi Web Services, y l cch thc kinh doanh v lm vic c hiu qu bi thi i ngy nay l thi i ca truyn thng v trao i thng tin qua mng. Do vy, vic pht trin v tch hp cc ng dng vi Web Services ang c quan tm pht trin l iu hon ton d hiu. b) u v nhc im u im: Web Services cung cp kh nng hot ng rng ln vi cc ng dng phn mm khc nhau chy trn nhng nn tng khc nhau. S dng cc giao thc v chun m. Giao thc v nh dng d liu da trn vn bn (text), gip cc lp trnh vin d dng hiu c. Nng cao kh nng ti s dng.

Thc y u t cc h thng phn mm tn ti bng cch cho php cc tin trnh/chc nng nghip v ng gi trong giao din Web Services. To mi quan h tng tc ln nhau v mm do gia cc thnh phn trong h thng, d dng cho vic pht trin cc ng dng phn tn. Thc y h thng tch hp, gim s phc tp ca h thng, h gi thnh hot ng, pht trin h thng nhanh v tng tc hiu qu vi h thng ca cc doanh nghip khc.

Nhc im: Nhng thit hi ln s xy ra vo khong thi gian cht ca Web Services, giao din khng thay i, c th li nu mt my khch khng c nng cp, thiu cc giao thc cho vic vn hnh.
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C qu nhiu chun cho Web Services khin ngi dng kh nm bt. Phi quan tm nhiu hn n vn an ton v bo mt.

2.1.3. Kin trc ca Web Services Web Services gm c 3 chun chnh: SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), WSDL (Web Service Description Language) v UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration). Hnh 1 m t chng giao thc ca Web Services, trong UDDI c s dng ng k v khm ph Web Services c miu t c th trong WSDL. Giao tc UDDI s dng SOAP ni chuyn vi UDDI server, sau cc ng dng SOAP yu cu mt Web Services. Cc thng ip SOAP c gi i chnh xc bi HTTP v TCP/IP.

Hnh 1. Chng giao thc ca Web Services Chng giao thc Web Services l tp hp cc giao thc mng my tnh c s dng nh ngha, xc nh v tr, thi hnh v to nn Web Services tng tc vi nhng ng dng hay dch v khc. Chng giao thc ny c 4 thnh phn chnh: Dch v vn chuyn (Service Transport): c nhim v truyn thng ip gia cc ng dng mng, bao gm nhng giao thc nh HTTP, SMTP, FTP, JSM v gn y nht l giao thc thay i khi m rng (Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol- BEEP). Thng ip XML: c nhim v gii m cc thng ip theo nh dng XML c th hiu c mc ng dng tng tc vi ngi dng. Hin ti, nhng giao thc thc hin nhim v ny l XML-RPC, SOAP v REST. M t dch v: c s dng miu t cc giao din chung cho mt Web Services c th. WSDL thng c s dng cho mc ch ny, n l mt ngn ng m t giao tip v thc thi da trn XML. Web Services s s dng ngn ng ny truyn tham s v cc loi d liu cho cc thao tc v chc nng m Web Services cung cp.
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Khm ph dch v: tp trung dch v vo trong mt ni c ng k, t gip mt Web Services c th d dng khm ph ra nhng dch v no c trn mng, tt hn trong vic tm kim nhng dch v khc tng tc. Mt Web Services cng phi tin hnh ng k cc dch v khc c th truy cp v giao tip. Hin ti, UDDI API thng c s dng thc hin cng vic ny. Kin trc su hn c m t trong Hnh 2:

Trong , tng giao thc tng tc dch v (Service Communication Protocol) vi cng ngh chun l SOAP. SOAP l giao thc nm gia tng vn chuyn v tng m t thng tin v dch v, cho php ngi dng triu gi mt dch v t xa thng qua mt thng ip XML. Ngoi ra, cc dch v c tnh an ton, ton vn v bo mt thng tin, trong kin trc Web Services, chng ta c thm cc tng Policy, Security, Transaction, Management. 2.1.4. Cc thnh phn ca Web Services a) XML eXtensible Markup Language L mt chun m do W3C a ra cho cch thc m t d liu, n c s dng nh ngha cc thnh phn d liu trn trang web v cho nhng ti liu B2B. V hnh thc, XML hon ton c cu trc th ging nh ngn ng HTML nhng HTML nh ngha thnh phn c hin th nh th no th XML li nh ngha nhng thnh phn cha ci g. Vi XML, cc th c th c lp trnh vin t to ra trn mi trang web v c chn l nh dng thng ip chun bi tnh ph bin v hiu qu m ngun m. Do Web Services l s kt hp ca nhiu thnh phn khc nhau nn n s dng cc tnh nng v c trng ca cc thnh phn giao tip. XML l cng c chnh gii quyt vn ny v l kin trc nn tng cho vic xy dng mt Web Services, tt
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c d liu s c chuyn sang nh dng th XML. Khi , cc thng tin m ha s hon ton ph hp vi cc thng tin theo chun ca SOAP hoc XML-RPC v c th tng tc vi nhau trong mt th thng nht. b)WSDL Web Service Description Language WSDL nh ngha cch m t Web Services theo c php tng qut ca XML, bao gm cc thng tin: Tn dch v. Giao thc v kiu m ha s c s dng khi gi cc hm ca Web Services. Loi thng tin: thao tc, tham s, nhng kiu d liu (c th l giao din ca Web Services cng vi tn cho giao din ny).

Mt WSDL hp l gm hai phn: phn giao din (m t giao din v phng thc kt ni) v phn thi hnh m t thng tin truy xut CSDL. C hai phn ny s c lu trong 2 tp tin XML tng ng l tp tin giao din dch v v tp tin thi hnh dch v.

Giao din ca mt Web Services c miu t trong phn ny a ra cch thc lm th no giao tip qua Web Services. Tn, giao thc lin kt v nh dng thng ip yu cu tng tc vi Web Services c a vo th mc ca WSDL. WSDL thng c s dng kt hp vi XML schema v SOAP cung cp Web Services qua Internet. Mt client khi kt ni ti Web Services c th c WSDL xc nh nhng chc nng sn c trn server. Sau , client c th s dng SOAP ly ra chc nng chnh xc c trong WSDL. c) Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) c th s dng cc dch v, trc tin client phi tm dch v, ghi nhn thng tin v cch s dng v bit c i tng no cung cp dch v. UDDI nh ngha mt

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s thnh phn cho bit cc thng tin ny, cho php cc client truy tm v nhn nhng thng tin c yu cu khi s dng Web Services. Cu trc UDDI : Trang trng White pages: cha thng tin lin h v cc nh dng chnh yu ca Web Services, chng hn tn giao dch, a ch, thng tin nhn dng Nhng thng tin ny cho php cc i tng khc xc nh c dch v. Trang vng Yellow pages: cha thng tin m t Web Services theo nhng loi khc nhau. Nhng thng tin ny cho php cc i tng thy c Web Services theo tng loi vi n. Trang xanh Green pages: cha thng tin k thut m t cc hnh vi v cc chc nng ca Web Services. Loi dch v tModel: cha cc thng tin v loi dch v c s dng. Nhng thng tin v Web Services c s dng v cng b ln mng s dng giao thc ny. N s kch hot cc ng dng tm kim thng tin ca Web Services khc nhm xc nh xem dch v no s cn n n. d) SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol Chng ta hiu c bn Web Services nh th no nhng vn cn mt vn kh quan trng. l lm th no truy xut dch v khi tm thy? Cu tr li l cc Web Services c th truy xut bng mt giao thc l Simple Object Access Protocol SOAP. Ni cch khc chng ta c th truy xut n UDDI registry bng cc lnh gi hon ton theo nh dng ca SOAP. SOAP l mt giao thc giao tip c cu trc nh XML. N c xem l cu trc xng sng ca cc ng dng phn tn c xy dng t nhiu ngn ng v cc h iu hnh khc nhau. SOAP l giao thc thay i cc thng ip da trn XML qua mng my tnh, thng thng s dng giao thc HTTP. Mt client s gi thng ip yu cu ti server v ngay lp tc server s gi nhng thng ip tr li ti client. C SMTP v HTTP u l nhng giao thc lp ng dng ca SOAP nhng HTTP c s dng v chp nhn rng ri hn bi ngy nay n c th lm vic rt tt vi c s h tng Internet. Cu trc mt thng ip theo dng SOAP
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Thng ip theo nh dng SOAP l mt vn bn XML bnh thng bao gm cc phn t sau: Phn t gc envelop: phn t bao trm ni dung thng ip, khai bo vn bn XML nh l mt thng ip SOAP. Phn t u trang header: cha cc thng tin tiu cho trang, phn t ny khng bt buc khai bo trong vn bn. Header cn c th mang nhng d liu chng thc, nhng ch k s, thng tin m ha hay ci t cho cc giao dch khc. Phn t khai bo ni dung chnh trong thng ip body, cha cc thng tin yu cu v thng tin c phn hi. Phn t a ra cc thng tin v li -fault, cung cp thng tin li xy ra trong qa trnh x l thng ip.

Mt SOAP n gin trong body s lu cc thng tin v tn thng ip, tham chiu ti mt th hin ca dch v, mt hoc nhiu tham s. C 3 kiu thng bo s c a ra khi truyn thng tin: request message(tham s gi thc thi mt thng ip), respond message (cc tham s tr v, c s dng khi yu cu c p ng) v cui cng l fault message (thng bo tnh trng li). Kiu truyn thng: C 2 kiu truyn thng Remote procedure call (RPC): cho php gi hm hoc th tc qua mng. Kiu ny c khai thc bi nhiu Web Services. Document: c bit n nh kiu hng thng ip, n cung cp giao tip mc tru tng thp, kh hiu v yu cu lp trnh vin mt cng sc hn.

Hai kiu truyn thng ny cung cp cc nh dng thng ip, tham s, li gi n cc API khc nhau nn vic s dng chng ty thuc vo thi gian v s ph hp vi Web Services cn xy dng. Cu trc d liu: Cung cp nhng nh dng v khi nim c bn ging nh trong cc ngn ng lp trnh khc nh kiu d liu (int, string, date) hay nhng kiu phc tp hn nh struct, array, vector nh ngha cu trc d liu SOAP c t trong namespace SOAP-ENC. M ha: Gi s service rquester v service provider c pht trin trong Java, khi m ha SOAP l lm th no chuyn i t cu trc d liu Java sang SOAP XML v ngc li, bi v nh dng cho Web Service chnh l XML. Bt k mt mi trng
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thc thi SOAP no cng phi c mt bng cha thng tin nh x nhm chuyn i t ngn ng Java sang XML v t XML sang Java bng c gi l SOAPMappingRegistry. Nu mt kiu d liu c s dng di mt dng m ha th s c mt nh x tn ti trong b ng k ca mi trng thc thi SOAP .

2.1.5.S truyn ti d liu 2.1.5.1.SOAP Binding

Thut ng m t lm th no mt thng ip SOAP tng tc c vi mt giao thc vn chuyn nh HTTP, SMTP hay FTP di chuyn trn Internet. iu quan trng l SOAP di chuyn bng mt giao thc chun lin lc vi cc sn phm Web Services khc.

Trc SOAP, nhiu ngi pht trin to ra cc phng php ca ring h chuyn ti mt ti liu XML trn mng. Cc cch ny vn hot ng tt trong phm vi mt nhm c th. Tuy nhin khi bn cn lm vic vi mt nhm khc trong hay bn ngoi cng ty th iu ny tr nn kh khn v phi hun luyn v c th thay i lm vic vi vic truyn ti ti liu XML m h ang s dng. Bng cch s dng mt ti liu XML chun trn cc giao thc chun, cng vic cn lm khi cng tc vi nhau s c gim thiu ti a

2.1.5.2.SOAP Message Exchang Pattern (MEP)

Thut ng m t lm th no m mt ti liu SOAP trao i gia pha my khch v ch. Thng ip SOAP s hu mt lin kt, nh l HTTP, n c th truyn trn Internet. Vic ni chuyn gia my khch v ch, y l cc nt, xc nh cc hnh ng m c hai pha thc hin.

Nhc li SOAP l mt XML ng gi RPC. V th, MEP hon ton l yu cu v phn hi gia my khch v ch (hay cc nt khc). Nh vy nu c nhu cu lin
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lc gia cc nt th vic ny c thc hin bng nhiu yu cu v phn hi hon tt vic truyn thng ip. Cch ny khc hn vi cc cng ngh i tng t xa khc nh CORBA, cng ngh c thc hin ch trong mt kt ni.

2.1.5.3.SOAP Application

Mt ng dng SOAP n gin l mt ng dng dng SOAP theo mt vi cch khc nhau. Vi ng dng hon ton da trn chun SOAP, nh l Web Services c phiu, hoc dng chun SOAP nhn m v cc cp nht ca phn mm. Ch l mt ng dng c th to, s dng hoc l nt trung gian ca Web Services.

2.1.5.4.SOAP Node

Trch nhim ca mt nt c th bao gm gi, nhn, x l hoc truyn ti li mt thng ip SOAP. Mt nt ch l mt phn nh ca phn mm, x l mt ti liu SOAP ph thuc vo vai tr ca n. Bn cnh vic truyn d liu, mt nt c trch nhim m bo thng tin XML trong ti liu SOAP phi ng ng php theo chun SOAP.

2.1.5.5.SOAP Role

Mt vai tr ca SOAP nh ngha mt nt c th hot ng nh th no. N c th l nt gi, nhn hoc nt trung gian.

2.1.5.6.SOAP Sender

Nt gi l nt gi yu cu SOAP. Nu bn ngh n v d ca ng dng khch ch th khi ng dng khch thc hin yu cu, n gi thng ip ti ng dng ch yu cu vi thng tin.

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2.1.5.7.SOAP Receiver

Ngc li vi SOAP sender l nt nhn. 2.1.5.8.SOAP Intermediary

Mt nt trung gian c th xem mt thng ip SOAP v tng tc trn vi phn thng tin ca thng ip, v chuyn n v tr k tip ca thng ip. Mt nt trung gian thng hot ng nh mt router. Mt router s xem xt thng tin ca gi tin chuyn trn mng, tm im k tip ca gi tin v chuyn gi tin n .

2.1.5.9.Message Path

Mt thng ip SOAP di chuyn t pha bn gi n pha bn nhn thng ip thng qua nhiu nt trung gian. Tuyn ng i ca thng ip c gi l mt Message Path.

2.1.5.10.Initial SOAP Sender

Nt gi yu cu SOAP u tin l nt gi SOAP ban u.

2.1.5.11.SOAP Feature

Mt c im SOAP l mt phn chc nng ca phn mm h tr chc nng SOAP.

2.1.5.12.Cc thut ng lin quan n XML

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Chun SOAP cng nh ngha mt tp nh cc phn t XML ng gi d liu c truyn gia cc nt. Tht s ch c vi phn t v phn thn ca thng ip c th khc nhau ph thuc vo ci t. S uyn chuyn ny c cho php bi chun SOAP.

2.1.5.13.SOAP Message

y l ti liu XML c truyn bi mt nt SOAP gi hoc nhn. Mt nt gi hoc nt khch to ra mt ti liu XML cha thng tin m pha bn khch cn t pha ch. Mt khi ti liu c truyn, pha bn ch phn gii thng tin trong ti liu truy xut cc gi tr khc nhau v to mt thng ip SOAP mi phn hi.

2.1.5.14.SOAP Envelope

y l phn t gc ca ti liu SOAP XML. Ti liu SOAP cha nhiu nh ngha khng gian tn (namespace) nhng cc phn t lin quan ti thng ip SOAP s c ENV: l tip u ng.

2.1.5.15.SOAP Header

Phn u ca mt thng ip SOAP cha mt khi thng tin u trong ti liu XML nh tuyn v x l thng ip SOAP. D liu ny tch ri khi phn thn ca ti liu c cha thng tin lin quan n i tng c gi.

2.1.5.16.SOAP Header Block

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Phn u ca SOAP cha nhiu phn gii hn hay l nhiu khi thng tin c mt khi thng tin ca phn u. Nhng khi thng tin ca phn u ny cha thng tin v cc nt trung gian v mt nt cn bit nt k tip thng ip c gi n.

2.1.5.17.SOAP Body

Phn thn ca SOAP tht s cha thng tin ca i tng x l thng tin. Phn thn sau khi c phn tch s tr thnh i tng. i tng x l thng tin v kt qu c t trong phn thn ca ti liu tr v.

2.1.5.18.SOAP Fault

y l mt phn thng tin ca SOAP cha thng tin n bt k li g xy ra ti mt nt SOAP.

2.1.6. An ton cho Web Services Web Services lin kt v tng tc vi cc ng dng qua Internet, chnh v vy bo mt l mt vn c quan tm khi cc cng ty tin ti kt hp ng dng vi mt Web Services. Vic m bo an ton cho Web Services l mt vn quan trng, c bit i vi nhng dch v lin quan n trao i tin t, thng tin t th trng chng khon hay dch v bn hng qua mng (lin quan n tr tin bng ti khon v c yu cu thng tin c nhn ca ngi dng). Trc khi c WS-Security (bo mt cho Web Services) th ngha thng thng ca an ton Web Services l bo mt knh truyn d liu. Hin nay, n c thc hin cho nhng SOAP/HTTP da trn c ch truyn thng ip bng cch s dng giao thc HTTPS. Khng ch l an ton mc truyn thng ip, HTTPS cn cung cp s an ton ti ton b gi d liu HTTP. Mc d HTTPS khng bao gm tt c cc kha cnh trong chun an ton chung cho Web Services nhng n cung cp mt lp bo mt kh y vi nh danh, chng thc, tnh ton vn thng ip hay tin cy.

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m bo an ton cho Web Services: Khi nim v WS-Security: y l mt chun an ton bao trm cho SOAP, n c dng khi mun xy dng nhng Web Services ton vn v tin cy. Ton vn c ngha l khi c mt giao dch hay khi truyn thng tin, h thng v thng tin s khng b chn, giao dch s khng b mt cng nh khng th c ngi ly cp c d liu trn ng truyn. WS-security c thit k mang tnh m nhm hng ti nhng m hnh an ton khc bao gm PKI, Kerberos v SSL. N cng a ra nhiu h tr cho cc c ch an ton khc, nhiu khun dng ch k v cng ngh m ha, m bo s an ton, ton vn thng ip v tnh tin cy ca thng ip. Tuy nhin, WS-security cng cha th m bo c tt c yu cu v bo mt v an ton thng tin, n ch l mt trong nhng lp ca gii php an ton cho Web Services. Tnh ton vn to ra mt ch k s ha XML da trn ni dung ca thng ip. Nu d liu b thay i bt hp php, n s khng cn thch hp vi ch k s ha XML . Ch k ny c to ra da trn kha m ngi gi thng ip to ra, do ngi nhn ch nhn thng ip khi c ch k s dng v ni dung ph hp. Ngc li s c mt thng bo li. Vic chng thc c thc hin gia client v server l cch chng thc rt c bn (s dng nh danh ngi dng v mt khu). WS-security ch l mt trong nhng lp an ton v bo mt cho Web Services, v vy cn mt m hnh an ton chung ln hn c th bao qut c cc kha cnh khc. Cc thnh phn c thm c th l WS-Secure Conversation Describes,WSAuthentication Describes,WS-Policy Describes hay WS-Trust Describes. Chng s thc hin vic m bo an ton hn cho h thng khi trao i d liu, m v ng cc phin lm vic cng nh qun l d liu cn chng thc v chnh sch chng thc. 2.1.7. Xy dng mt Web Services C 4 giai on chnh xy dng mt Web Services l xy dng, trin khai, tin hnh v qun l, trong : Giai on xy dng bao gm pht trin v chy th ng dng Web Services, xy dng cc chc nng v nh ngha dch v. C hai cch khc nhau tin hnh trong giai on ny, l Red-path- solod v Blue-path-dashed. Vi Redpath-solod, chng ta s xy dng mt Web Services mi t trng thi ban u hoc vi mt dch v c sn. T , xy dng nh ngha service (WSDL) vi cc i tng, hm chc nng m chng ta mong mun. Nu theo cch Blue-path-dashed, Web Services s c xy dng t u hoc t mt nh ngha dch v WSDL. S dng WSDL ny, xy dng hoc sa i li m thc hin cc yu cu mong mun trong Web Services.
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Giai on trin khai: cng b nh ngha dch v, xy dng WSDL v trin khai m thc thi ca Web Services. Trin khai Web Services ti mt ng dng pha server, sau s cng b Web Services trn mng Internet cc client c th nhn thy. S dng UDDI registry cng b ln mng. Giai on tin hnh: tm kim v gi thc thi Web Services bi nhng ngi dng mun s dng dch v.

Qun l: Qun l v qun tr dch v, duy tr s n nh ca dch v, cp nht thng tin mi, sa li khi n xy ra xy dng mt Web Services, chng ta cn hiu c nhng vic phi lm v nn bt u t u. C 3 cch tip cn ch yu xy dng nn mt Web Services, c th t mt ng dng c (bottom-up); t mt nh ngha dch v, WSDL pht sinh mt ng dng mi (top-down) hoc c th t mt nhm cc Web Services hin c, kt hp li vi nhau to nn cc chc nng mi hoc m rng thm chc nng. Nhng hng tip cn ny da trn nhng g m chng ta c, ty thuc vo yu cu ca h thng, trong ti a vic s dng li cc chc nng, cc thnh phn, mun c xy dng. Qui trnh xy dng mt Web Services bao gm cc bc sau: 1. nh ngha v xy dng cc chc nng, cc dch v m dch v s cung cp (s dng ngn ng Java chng hn). 2. To WSDL cho dch v 3. Xy dng SOAP server 4. ng k WSDL vi UDDI registry cho php cc client c th tm thy v truy xut. 5. Client nhn file WSDL v t xy dng SOAP client c th kt ni vi SOAP server 6. Xy dng ng dng pha client (chng hn s dng Java) v sau gi thc hin dch v thng qua vic kt ni ti SOAP server. La chn mt ngn ng, xy dng cc tin trnh nghip v v chng ta bt u to nn mt Web Services nh mun. Sau l cung cp Web Services ny trn Internet. 2.1.8. Tch hp Web Services theo chun c th thnh cng vi Web Services chng ta phi quan tm n kh nhiu vn , bao gm vic trin khai, gim st v tch hp h thng. Doanh nghip khng nhng phi pht trin mt ng dng Web Services mi m cn phi tch hp cc ng dng
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nghip v ph tr ca h trong kin trc Web Services. Cng vi vic trin khai v tch hp, nhng nh kinh doanh v nhng ngi s dng k thut cng cn c kh nng gim st, trin khai ton din m bo hot ng kinh doanh hiu qu v tin cy. Gim st (monitoring): Cn h tr c mc cng c v c s h tng gim st cc Web Services chy nh th no qua ton b mng, t mt chi nhnh con ca mt cng ty trn mng ti cc chi nhnh khc trong cng ty hay giao tip vi doanh nghip khc. Kt hp thng bo theo s kin vi cc li trong lung nghip v cho nhng ngi dng khng c kinh nghim gim st Web Services v cc dch v k tha khc. Xc nh ng i d liu (Data routing): Vic thit lp ng i ca d liu gia nhng thnh phn ca Web Services hng ti ti a ha kh nng s dng li. Nu coi mt thnh phn (component) l mt i tng th mi th hin (instance) ca n s khng quan tm n cc th hin khc ca cng thnh phn . Nhng th hin ca cng mt thnh phn c th d dng c s dng li trong cc ng dng phn tn khc bi v chng hon ton c lp v khng ph thuc ln nhau. Trin khai (Deployment): Trin khai cc Web Services c kh nng nng cp, iu khin v cu hnh cc thnh phn t xa thng qua mng phn tn. Qun l (Management): C th xy dng theo kin trc P2P (Peer-to-Peer). Cc hot ng chnh nh thc thi cc thnh phn, nh tuyn d liu, x l lung cng vic v chuyn i d liu c thc hin ti cc im cui ca mng. Server s tp trung gii quyt cc hot ng khc nh qun l, iu khin s kin, chng thc bo mt v qun tr. Cu hnh v qun l phin bn (Configuration and version management): S dng cc cng c linh hot qun l cc phin bn khc nhau ca Web Services, cho php cc phin bn c nng cp v iu khin t mt cng c qun l tp trung. Kt hp gia ng dng v mng gip cc k s trin khai c th iu khin cc thnh phn chy trn nn tng h thng phn cng c th bn trong mng.

Bo mt (Security): cc chun m nh HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL v chun bo mt JSM c s dng rng ri khin chng tr thnh l tng xy dng cc ng dng web. u tin, Web Services s dng nhng cng ngh ny ging nh firewall, SSL v cc chng nhn s. Web Services th h sau ny s

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kt hp vi nhng cng ngh c kh nng bo mt cao hn, ging nh m ha XML v chng nhn s XML.

Nh vy, vi mt Web Services, vic giao tip v truyn nhn d liu tr nn d dng v hiu qu hn, ng thi em li chi ph thp hn v tng cng nhng kh nng giao tip thi gian thc, kt ni vi mi ngi trn khp th gii. Bn cht ca nn tng cng ngh ny l kin trc hng dch v v s pht trin ca Web Services c tng lai rt kh quan.

2.2.

Ni dung chng trnh

Cc chc nng chnh ca ng dng: New Game Exit. To my ch Chn i th l cc my kt ni ti Kt ni ti 1 my

Giao din ca Game


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Bn c th s dng tt c cc chc nng ca game rt d dng.

Giao din khi chi v bn l ngi dnh chin thng

PHN 3: KT LUN
Qu trnh lm small project gp khng t kh khn do thi gian cn hn ch, nhng nhm chng em c gng hon thin ti vi cc chc nng c bn. Bn cnh nhm chng em cng hc c rt nhiu kin thc b ch v trau di kinh nghim cho bn thn mnh, m ra nhng hiu bit mi v cng ngh mi.

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Kt qu t c: Xy dng c chng trnh chi c caro s dng cng ngh Webservice vi cc chc nng c bn sau: New Game Exit. To my ch Chn i th l cc my kt ni ti Kt ni ti 1 my Hn ch: Cn mt s chc nng cha hon thin. Hng pht trin ca ti: To mt chng trnh vi y cc chc nng hon thin hn na. Giao din hi ha, p hn Chng em xin chn thnh cm n thy o Anh Hin cung cp cho chng em cc kin thc v lp trnh mng ni chung v cng ngh webservice ni ring chng em c th hon thnh tt ti ny. Chngem cng rt mong nhn c nhng ng gp, nhn xt qu bu ca thy, c cng cc bn ti ca chng em c hon thin hn.

TI LIU THAM KHO [1]. o Anh Hin, Lp trnh mng vi C#. [2]. NetworkProgramming. [3]. http://vi.wikipedia.org [4]. http://www.thegioimanguon.com [4]. http://www.phpvn.org/index.php?topic=301.0 [5]. https://sites.google.com/site/vodailuong/tap-huan-lap-trinh/webservice

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