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Capillary viscometer
Stop watch. BRIEF THEORY OF THE EXPERIMENT: Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of a fluid which is being deformed by shear stress.Viscosity describes a fluid's internal resistance to flow and may be thought of as a measure of fluidfriction All real fluids (except superfluids) have some resistance to stress and therefore are viscous,but a fluid which has no resistance to shear stress is known as an ideal fluid or inviscid fluid. Aviscometer (also called viscosimeter) is an instrument used to measure the viscosity of a fluid. Forliquids with viscosities which vary with flow conditions, an instrument called a rheometer is used.These instruments are used for determining the viscosity of all oils, expressed in RedwoodSeconds at the temp. of test. Both the types of viscometers, Redwood no. 1 and Redwood no. 2,electrical heating models are available. The viscometers consists of a heavily silver plated brass oilcup with a precision stainless steel jet assembled in a chromium plated both fitted with a heating tubeor heating element and drain cock. The bath and cup assembly is mounted on a stand with levelingfeet. Redwood no.1 viscometer is used for all oils having viscosity not more than 2000 sec at the testtemperature. Redwood no.2 viscometer, is used for those oils, the viscosity of which exceeds 2000sec.
PROCEDURE: 1.
Pass the sample through the filter in order to remove the dust particles and store it in a glassbottle.3.
Transfer 15ml of filtered oil sample into the reservoir through the filling tube.5.
Apply vacuum to the venting tube for filling oil to the reference level vessel, the capillarytube, the measuring sphere and the pre run sphere.7.
Measure the flow time from upper timing mark to lower timing mark.9.
Where ,
= a constantT= temperature 2.
( )
( )
INFERENCE: Viscosity decreases with increase in temperature.The curves obtained follow almost a linear pattern with slight decrease in slope with increase intemperature (i.e. rate of decrease of viscosity with temperature).Both the viscosity and rate of decrease of viscosity with temperature (i.e. slope) were very high forcotton seed oil as compared to diesel oil. REVIEW QUESTIONS 1.
What is rheology?10.
Temperature
( o C)
Time
(Sec)
Viscosity
(Centistokes)