Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Foundation
61 minutes
61 marks
Page 1 of 20
Q1.
A student did two experiments on radiation. The apparatus he used is shown in the diagram.
Experiment 1
The student put the same volume of cold water into the two cans.
He then switched on the heater.
Ten minutes later the water in the can with the dull black surface was much hotter than the
water in the other can.
Experiment 2
conductor
emitter
reflector
Experiment 1 shows that the dull black surface is a good ........................... of radiation and that
the shiny silver surface is a good ......................... of radiation.
Experiment 2 shows that the dull black surface is a good ................................... of radiation.
(Total 3 marks)
Page 2 of 20
Q2.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct word or
phrase.
increases
The absorbed infra red
decreases
(1)
(b)
Two of the following statements are true. One of the statements is false.
Tick ( ) the boxes next to the two true statements.
All objects absorb infra red radiation.
Black surfaces are poor emitters of infra red radiation.
A hot object emits more infra red than a cooler object.
(1)
(c)
Page 3 of 20
Q3.
(a) The graph compares how quickly hot water cooled down in two glass beakers with
different surface areas.
The volume of water in each beaker was the same.
Describe how the surface area of the water affected how fast the water cooled down.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Page 4 of 20
(c)
convection
radiation
The white colour of a polar bears fur helps to keep the polar bear warm by
reducing the heat lost by .................................................. .
(1)
(ii)
The hairs of a reindeer are hollow. The air trapped inside the hairs reduces the
heat lost by .................................................. .
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q4.
Marbles inside a box can be used as a model for the particles in a solid, a liquid or a gas.
Use words from the box to complete the following sentences. Each word can be used once,
more than once or not at all.
gas
(a)
liquid
solid
(b)
Page 5 of 20
(c)
Q5.
Marbles inside a box can be used as a model for the particles in a solid, a liquid or a gas.
Use words from the box to complete the following sentences. Each word can be used once,
more than once or not at all.
gas
(a)
liquid
solid
(b)
(c)
Page 6 of 20
Q6.
(a) The graph compares how quickly hot water cooled down in two glass beakers with
different surface areas.
The volume of water in each beaker was the same.
Describe how the surface area of the water affected how fast the water cooled down.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Page 7 of 20
(c)
convection
radiation
The white colour of a polar bears fur helps to keep the polar bear warm by
reducing the heat lost by .................................................. .
(1)
(ii)
The hairs of a reindeer are hollow. The air trapped inside the hairs reduces the
heat lost by .................................................. .
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q7.
(a) The graph shows the temperature inside a flat between 5 pm and 9 pm. The central
heating was on at 5 pm.
Page 8 of 20
(i)
(ii)
(b)
Less heat is lost through double-glazed windows than through single-glazed windows.
Complete the following sentences by choosing the correct words from the box. Each word
may be used once or not at all.
conduction
conductor
convection evaporation
insulator radiation
Page 9 of 20
(c)
Cost to
install
Payback time
Double glazing
4000
200
20 years
Loft insulation
300
100
3 years
600
150
Type of insulation
(i)
Use the information in the table to calculate the payback time for cavity wall
insulation.
...........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Explain why people often install loft insulation before installing double glazing or cavity
wall insulation.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Q8.
Many people use a sleeping bag when they sleep in a tent. Sleeping bags, designed to keep
a person warm, have a fibre filling.
(i)
Complete the sentence by choosing the correct words from the box.
conduction
convection
radiation
Page 10 of 20
(ii)
Explain why the fibre is good at reducing heat loss from a person sleeping in the bag.
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(Total 3 marks)
Q9.
(a)
(i)
Complete the sentence by choosing the correct words from the box. Each word may
be used once or not at all.
air
mug
table
water
(ii)
Page 11 of 20
(b)
In the box are the names of four types of fuel used to heat homes.
coal
gas
oil
wood
(c)
(i)
Complete the sentences by choosing the correct words from the box. Each word
may be used once or not at all.
conduction
conductor
convection
electric
evaporation
insulator
(ii)
Write down one other way of reducing heat loss from a house.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 12 of 20
Q10.
Energy consultants tell their customers how to save money. They explain how people can
reduce energy loss from their homes.
This picture shows the percentage energy loss from different parts of a house.
(a)
(ii)
What is the main way heat is transferred through the walls of a house?
.............................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Calculate the percentage energy loss through the walls of the house.
......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
Suggest the two most effective methods of reducing heat loss for this house.
1 ...................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Page 13 of 20
Q11.
The gap between the two sheets of glass can be filled with either air or a mixture of air and
argon.
The U-values for different types of double glazed windows, using different types of glass
X and Y, are given in the table.
Type of window
(a)
12 mm
gap
16 mm
gap
20 mm
gap
2.9
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.6
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.5
1.5
(b)
Which two windows should be compared to decide if adding argon to the gap improves the
energy efficiency of the window?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
Page 14 of 20
(c)
A householder is going to buy new windows. The sales assistant recommends that the
householder buys windows with a 20 mm gap. These windows are much more expensive
than those with a 16 mm gap.
It is not worth the householder paying the extra cost to buy 20 mm windows rather than
16 mm windows.
Explain this in terms of energy efficiency.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(d)
Windows are given an energy rating, from A down to G. The diagram shows the energy
label from one type of double glazed window.
All new double glazed windows must have an energy rating of C or above.
Windows having a C rating have a U-value of 1.9.
Which windows given in the table would the householder be unable to buy?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
Page 15 of 20
(e)
Glass transmits infrared radiation and visible light. The amount transmitted depends on the
type and thickness of the glass. The data from tests on two different types of glass is
displayed in the graph below.
A homeowner has a glass conservatory built on the back of the house. The homeowner
tells the builder that the inside of the conservatory should stay as cool as possible
throughout the summer.
Explain why the builder uses Type B glass for the conservatory.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 16 of 20
Q12.
The gap between the two sheets of glass can be filled with either air or a mixture of air and
argon.
The U-values for different types of double glazed windows, using different types of glass
X and Y, are given in the table.
Type of window
(a)
12 mm
gap
16 mm
gap
20 mm
gap
2.9
2.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.6
1.9
1.8
1.8
1.6
1.5
1.5
(b)
Which two windows should be compared to decide if adding argon to the gap improves the
energy efficiency of the window?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
Page 17 of 20
(c)
A householder is going to buy new windows. The sales assistant recommends that the
householder buys windows with a 20 mm gap. These windows are much more expensive
than those with a 16 mm gap.
It is not worth the householder paying the extra cost to buy 20 mm windows rather than
16 mm windows.
Explain this in terms of energy efficiency.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(d)
Windows are given an energy rating, from A down to G. The diagram shows the energy
label from one type of double glazed window.
All new double glazed windows must have an energy rating of C or above.
Windows having a C rating have a U-value of 1.9.
Which windows given in the table would the householder be unable to buy?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
Page 18 of 20
(e)
Glass transmits infrared radiation and visible light. The amount transmitted depends on the
type and thickness of the glass. The data from tests on two different types of glass is
displayed in the graph below.
A homeowner has a glass conservatory built on the back of the house. The homeowner
tells the builder that the inside of the conservatory should stay as cool as possible
throughout the summer.
Explain why the builder uses Type B glass for the conservatory.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Page 19 of 20
Page 20 of 20