ti: Sn xut para-Xylen

Nhm ti: Nguyn Nh Phng 20092072 Nguyn L Ti Thu - 20093632 Nguyn Trng Ph - 20092026 GVHD: PGS Phm Thanh Huyn

Li m u

Tnh cht k thut ch yu ca pX

Ph ch

Ni dung

Mt s ngun ch yu sn xut pX

Ti liu tham kho

Cng ngh sn xut pX

Kt lun

Li M u
Para-Xylen hay 1,4-dimetyl benzen l mt trong

nhng ng phn c nhiu ng dng quan trng trong s cc ng phn ca xylen C6H4-(CH3)2, Para-Xylen c s dng trong cng nghip ch yu sn xut axit terephtalic v dimetyl terephtalat, y l cc nguyn liu u cho vic sn xut s si, mng polieste v nha PET c ng dng rng ri trong mi lnh vc i sng x hi. y l sn phm cn t c sn xut trong nc

S 1: Lng tiu th xylen trn ton th gii nm 1999

S 2: Cn i cung/cu ca p-Xylen trn th gii

I.

Tnh cht k thut

p-Xylene trng thi lng khng mu hoc

dng tinh th. L cht c, d bt chy. D ha tan trong etanol v t ha tan trong nc

Bng 1: Mt s c trng k thut ca BTX v cumen [1]

 Trn thc t, ngi ta thng tch p-Xylene

trong hn hp BTX t cc qu trnh sn xut hp cht thm

Vy cc ngun chnh sn xut hp cht thm ni chung v xn xut p-Xylen ni ring l cc ngun no???

II. Cc ngun sn xut chnh

Ngun t du m

Ngun t than

2.1. Ngun t du m
Reformate: Hn hp xylen ni chung, cng nh p-xylen ni

ring ch yu c tch t sn phm ca qu trnh reforming xc tc, vi nguyn liu u l phn on napthta. Thnh phn cng ca sn phm cng nh hm lng ca p-xylen ph thuc vo cch tin hnh qu trnh reforming cng nh l loi nguyn liu naphta c s dng. Xng nhit phn Chuyn ha hydrocacbon: Phn b li Toluen Qu trnh Cyclar Isome ha Sn phm lng ca qu trnh steam cracking

Bng 2: s ph thuc ca thnh phn reformate vo nhit si ca nguyn liu u vo [2]

Bng 3: nh hng ca nguyn liu u vo n lng xng nhit phn v lng hydrocacbon thm C8 t cracking hi nc [2]

2.2. Ngun t than

Trn thc t khong 10% lng hydrocacbon thm

tiu th hin nay trn th gii ngy nay c sn xut t than . Cc hydrocacbon thm c hnh thnh thc cht l sn phm ph ca qu trnh cc ha than nhit cao.

Bng 4: C cu sn xut hn hp xylen trn th gii nm 1994 [2] Tng nng sut Reformer Phn b li Toluen Xng nhit phn Cc ha than 26.106 tn 83 % 10 % 6% 1%

III. Cng ngh sn xut

X l Naphta

Reforming xc tc

Tch paraXylen t hn hp BTX

3.1. X l Naphtha
Mc ch: Loi b lu hunh v Ni-t ra khi nguyn

liu ca qu trnh reforming xc tc, trnh gy ng c xc tc Xc tc: Co-Mo/Al2O3

 Cng ngh

[http://www.enggcyclopedia.com/2012/02/naph tha-hydrotreating-unit/]

Hnh 2: S tch Naphtha sau khi x l [http://www.enggcyclopedia.com/2012/02/naphthahydrotreating-unit/]

Chn nguyn liu l naphtha c khong nhit si t 107 1600C cho t c hiu qu thu paraxylene l ln nht.

3.2 Qu trnh Reforming xc tc

Cc phn ng chnh din ra Dehydro ha cc naphten (alkyl xyclohexan) Dehydro vng ha parafin v isoparafin Isome ha parafin thnh isoparafin Isome ha cc alkyl xyclohexan

Hydrocracking parafin, naphten v tch metan

To cc

c trng nhit ng hc ca mi phn ng l khc nhau nhng tng qut chung th y l qu trnh thu nhit v tng th tch thch hp iu kin nhit cao v p sut thp

 Xc tc Bn cht xc tc Chc hydro ha/dehydro ha nh s c mt ca kim

loi Chc axit nh thnh phn v cu trc ca cht mang Xc tc thng c s dng Xc tc c cha cc oxit hay sunfit ca Cr, Mo, Ni hay W Xc tc c cha cc cc kim qu l Pt, hay Pt kt hp vi kim loi khc Cht mang l Al2O3 c cha cc hp cht halogen

 Cng ngh CCR Platforming ca UOP

Hnh 3: Cng ngh CCR Platforming ca UOP [4]

3.3. Tch para-xylen t hn hp cc cht thm thu c

S cng ngh

Hnh 4: T hp ch bin hp cht thm ca UOP [3]

 Qu trnh Tatoray
Cc phn ng chnh Phn b li toluen

Chuyn v alkyl

 Mt s c im ca qu trnh
T l H2/Hydrocacbon dng vo thit b l 5-20,

nng hydro trong dng kh tun hon ln hn 70% th tch Xc tc loi T81 l dng zeolit c cha kim loi chuyn tip, ti sinh xc tc bng qu trnh t cc trong dng khng kh ngho oxy, tui th ca xc tc thng di hn 2 nm Qu trnh c tin hnh p sut 3-4 MPa, nhit tng t 410 n 4700C

 V tr trong t hp sn xut hp cht thm

 S cng ngh

Hnh 5: S cng ngh Tatoray ca UOP

 Qu trnh Isomer ha
Cc phn ng chnh Phn ng isome ha Xylen

Phn ng isome ha Etyl benzen

 Phn ng Dealkyl Etylbenzen

Mt s c im ca qu trnh Qu trnh c tin hnh trong dng Hydro vi t l H2/RH

l 8-10, cho php chuyn ha c etyl benzen ty thuc vo lng hydrocacbon ny c trong hn hp ban u Xc tc cho qu trnh l Pt/SiO2-Al2O3 hoc Al2O3 c hot ha bi halogen hoc hp cht cha halogen Qu trnh c tin hnh trong khong nhit t 3005000C (thng l 400-4800C) v p sut t 1-3 MPa

 V tr trong t hp sn xut hp cht thm

 S cng ngh

Hnh 6: S cng ngh UOP Isome

 Qu trnh Parex
UOP Parex l qu trnh s dng phng php tch vi

h hp ph zeolit sng phn t thu hi p-X t hn cc ng phn xylen Hu ht cc qu trnh Parex ngy nay c thit k sn xut p-X c tinh khit l 99,9 % khi lng v thu hi c trn 97 % lng a vo

 Ch tiu thnh phn nguyn liu [3]

Thnh phn Para Xylen min, % khi lng Etyl Benzen max, % khi lng Toluen max, % khi lng Ch tiu 18 20 0.5

Hydrocacbon C9+ max, % khi lng

Hydrocacbon khng thm max, % khi lng Nit max, mg/kg Lu hunh max, mg/kg Axit

1.5
0.3 1.0 1.0 Khng c c

 S cng ngh
V tr trong t hp sn xut hp cht thm

 Cng ngh UOP Parex

Hnh 7: S cng ngh UOP Parex [3]

Hnh 8: S cng ngh UOP Parex [3]

Hnh 9: M hnh thp hp ph vi lp cht hp ph chuyn ng

KT LUN
Thc t trn th gii cng ngh sn xut para

xylen ngy cng hin i v dn t ti hiu xut ti a. Ngnh cng nghip sn xut para xylen l ngnh cng nghip mang li nhiu li nhun vi nhu cu tiu th hng nm lun tng. Cc sn phm sn xut t para xylen ngy cng c nhiu ng dng rng ri trong mi mt i sng x hi. Vi thc t Vit Nam th y l ngnh ang c b ng v giu tim nng pht trin

39

Ti liu tham kho

[1] Phm Thanh Huyn, Nguyn Hng Lin. Cng

ngh tng hp Hu c Ha du [2] Willey-VCH. ULLMANN'S Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry [3] Robert Meyers. Handbook of Petroleun Refining Process [4] http://www.uop.com/processingsolutions/refining/gasoline/#naphtha-reforming

Phn Ph Ch
Tch para xylene bng phng php kt tinh

Trc khi c phng php Parex, y l phng php c dng ph bin sn xut para xylen thng mi c tinh khit ln ti 95%, tuy nhin hin nay phng php ny ch ch yu s dng cho x l phn sn phm lng ca qu trnh cc ha than .

 c tnh tan chy/kt tinh ca hn hp xylen

Hnh 10: Bng c tnh tan chy ca hn hp xylen [2]

 S cng ngh
Cng ngh lm lnh trc tip

 Cng ngh lm lnh gin tip

 S sn xut para xylen i t sn phm lng

cc ha than

 Qu trnh Cylar