*Database Testing Interview Questions* *1) What is Data? And how it is Importance to the Organization?

* A collection of facts, Pieces of information from which conclusions may be drawn. Ex: Resumes for managing the human Resources..! *2) What is Database?* The Collection of Interrelated Data is called Database. *3) What is Database testing?* Database testing involves testing the behavior of the database when the application is being tested. This may involve testing to see if values are being inserted properly, flags are changing appropriately, validity of data, to ensure if data integrity is maintained. It may also account for performance related to the database. SQL queries can be fired in the database to chec if the expected results are achieved. *4) What database testing basically includes?* Database testing basically include the following. 1) Data validity testing. 2) Data Integrity testing 3) Performance related to database. 4) Testing of Procedure, triggers and functions. *5) Explain about the difference between Database Testing and Functional Testing?* Database Testing is sub-set of Functional Testing and Database Testing is not only part of Functional Testing also part of Performance Testing. *6) What is the primary role of Database Tester?* The primary role of the database tester is to see the integrity of database field values. *7) What does Database Object means?* A database object in a relational database is a data structure used to either store or reference data. The most common object that most people interact with is the table. Other objects are indexes, stored procedures, sequences, views and many more. When a database object is created, a new object type cannot be created because all the various object types created are restricted by the very nature, or source code, of the relational database model being used, such as Oracle, SQL Server or Access. What is being created is instances of the objects, such as a new table, an index on that table or a view on the same table. *8) What are the major database object types?* Most of the major database engines offer the some set of major database object types:

Tables Indexes Sequences Views Synonym

*9) What commands does database tester generally use & whether they are given privileges to the all tables to access?* The following are the most widely used SQL statements in database testing: 1. Use Database 2. Select 3. Insert 4. Update 5. Delete 6. Drop 7. Alter 8. Modify Structure 9. Join(Inner and outer) 10. Views 11. Commit 12. Roll Bac 13. Set Transition on/off 14. Envo e 15. Grant *10) What is CRUD? Explain it?* The end user mainly utilizes the CRUD operations facilitated by the DB Tool. C: Create When user Save any new transaction, Create operation is performed. R: Retrieve When user Search or View any saved transaction, Retrieve operation is performed. U: Update when user Edit or Modify an existing record, the Update operation of DB is performed. D: Delete when user Remove any record from the system, Delete operation of DB is performed. *11) How to Test database in Manually? Explain with an example?* Observing that operations, which are operated on front-end is effected on bac -end or not. The approach is as follows : While adding a record through front-end chec bac -end that addition of record is effected or not. So same for delete, update Ex: Enter employee record in database through front-end and chec if the record is added or not to the bac -end (manually). *12) How to chec a trigger is fired or not, while doing database testing?* It can be verified by querying the common audit log where we can able to see the triggers fired. *13) How to Test Database Procedures and Triggers?* Before testing Data Base Procedures and Triggers, Tester should now that what is the Input and out put of the procedures/Triggers, Then execute Procedures and Triggers, if you get answer that Test Case

will be pass other wise fail. These requirements should get from DEVELOPER. What we normally chec for in the Database Testing? In DB testing we need to chec for, 1. The field size validation. 2. Chec constraints. 3. Indexes are done or not (for performance related issues). 4. Stored procedures. 5. The field size defined in the application is matching with that in the db. *14) What is data driven test?* Data driven test is used to test the multi numbers of data in a data-table, using this we can easily replace the parameters in the same time from deferent locations. e.g: using excel sheets. *15) What is a way of writing test cases for database testing?* You have to do the following for writing the database test cases. 1. First of all you have to understand the functional requirement of the application thoroughly.

3. After nowing all these things you have to write the test case with different input values for chec ing all the paths of SP. One thing writing test cases for bac end testing not li e functional testing. You have to use white box testing techniques. *16) How we do data validity testing?* Data validity testing: Testing the correctness and reasonableness of data. Ex: Account no falling within range, numeric data being all digits, dates having valid months Note: Data validity errors are more common and most difficult to detect. Errors in data validity are caused by End user/ by who enters Ex: 14/20/2012 * * *17) How we do data Integrity testing?* Date integrity is nothing but enforcing the business rules (facts/data) into database table is called data integrity. * * *18) Types of Data Integrity :* Entity Integrity: can be achieved through Primary Key and Unique Key Constraints. Should be tested: whether it is ta ing duplicate values, Whether it is ta ing null values. Domain Integrity: can be achieved through Not null, Default, Chec . Should be tested: Whether it is ta ing default values even though if we wont give, chec ing the values in the column. Ex: age column should

2. Then you have to between the tables, procedures used (if used for developing

find out the bac end tables used, joined used cursors used (if any), triggers used(if any), stored any), input parameter used and output parameters that requirement.

ta e < 60. Referential Integrity: can be achieved through Foreign Key. Should be tested : Chec ing Whether "child" rows are deleted or not when a parent row is deleted from parent table. *19) Why bac end testing is so important?* A bac end is the engine of any client/server system. If the bac end malfunctions, it may cause system deadloc , data corruption, data loss and bad performance. Many front ends log on to a single SQL. A bug in a bac end may put serious impact on the whole system. Too many bugs in a bac end will cost tremendous resources to find and fix bugs and delay the system developments. It is very li ely that many tests in a front end only hit a small portion of a bac end. Many bugs in a bac end cannot be easily discovered without direct testing.