Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Li m u
Ngy nay, cnh tranh thnh cng trong bt k mi trng kinh doanh no, cc doanh nghip khng ch tp trung vo hot ng ca ring mnh m phi tham gia vo cng vic kinh doanh ca nh cung cp cng nh khch hng ca n. Bi l, khi doanh nghip mun p ng sn phm hoc dch v cho khch hng h buc phi quan tm su sc hn n dng dch chuyn nguyn vt liu; cch thc thit k, ng gi sn phm v dch v ca nh cung cp; cch thc vn chuyn, bo qun sn phm hon thnh v nhng mong i thc s ca ngi tiu dung hoc khch hng cui cng v thc t l c nhiu doanh nghip c th khng bit sn phm ca h c s dng nh th no trng vic to ra sn phm cui cng cho khch hng. Cnh tranh c tnh ton cu ngy cng khc lit, chu k sng ca sn phm mi ngy cng ngn hn, mc k vng ca khch hng ngy cng cao hn thc p cc doanh nghip phi u t v tp trung nhiu vo chui cung ng ca n. Thm vo , nhng tin b lin tc v i mi trong cng ngh truyn thng v vn ti (v d, truyn thng di ng, Internet v phn phi hng qua m), thc y s pht trin khng ngng ca chui cung ng v nhng k thut qun l n. Trong mt chui cung ng in hnh, doanh nghip mua nguyn vt liu t mt hoc nhiu nh cung cp; cc b phn, chi tit hoc thm ch sn phm sau c sn xut mt hay mt s nh my, v c vn chuyn n nh kho lu tr giai on trung gian, cui cng n nh bn l v khch hng. V vy, gim thiu chi ph v ci thin mc phc v, cc chin lc chui cung ng hiu qu phi xem xt n s tng tc cc cp khc nhau trong chui cung ng. Chui cung ng, cng c xem nh mng li hu cn, bao gm cc nh cung cp, cc trung tm sn xut, nh kho, cc trung tm phn phi, v cc ca hng bn l, cng nh nguyn vt liu, tn kho trong qu trnh sn xut v sn phm hon thnh dch chuyn gia cc c s Chui cung ng l g? C rt nhiu nh ngha v qun tr chui cung ng, nhng chng ta bt u s tho lun vi khi nim Chui cung ng bao gm tt c cc doanh nghip tham gia, mt cch trc tip hay gin tip, trong vic p ng nhu cu khch hng, th hin s dch chuyn nguyn vt liu xuyn sut qu trnh t nh cung cp ban u n khch hng cui cng.

Chng 1: C s l lun
1.1 Khi nim v phm vi ca chui cung ng.

Chui cung ng trc tip:

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Chui cung ng m rng:

Chui cung ng hon chnh:

Chui cung ng in hnh

C rt nhiu khi nim v chui cung ng (Supply Chain) c nhc n nh: Chopra Sunil v Peter Meindl: Chui cung ng bao gm mi cng on c lin quan trc tip hay gin tip n vic p ng nhu cu ca khch hng. Chui cung ng khng ch bao gm nh sn xut v nh cung cp m cn nh vn chuyn, kho bi, ngi bn l v khch hng.
2

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Lee v Billington: Chui cung ng l h thng cc cng c chuyn ha nguyn liu th t bn thnh phm n thnh phm, chuyn n ngi tiu dng thng qua h thng phn phi. Ganeshan v Harrison: Chui cung ng l mt chui hay mt tin trnh bt u t nguyn liu th cho n khi sn phm lm ra hay dch v n tay ngi tiu dng cui cng. Chui cung ng l mt mng li cc la chn v phn phi v cc phng tin thc hin thu mua nguyn liu, bin i cc nguyn liu ny qua khu trung gian sn xut ra sn phm, phn phi sn phm ny ti tay ngi tiu dng. T cc khi nim trn, c th thy hu ht cc nh kinh t u cho rng chui cung ng bao gm mi hot ng ca mi i tng c lin quan n vic sn xut ra sn phm n tay khch hng cui cng. Vy, ta c th hiu v chui cung ng nh sau: Chui cung ng l mt tp hp gm tt c cc doanh nghip kt ni trc tip hoc gin tip vi nhau vi nhau bng dng chy sn phm, thng tin, ti chnh nhm p ng ng yu cu v i hi ca khch hng. c im: Chui cung ng bao hm tt c cc giai on, t im xut x n im cui cng. Khch hng l mt b phn tch hp ca chui cung ng. Mng li lin kt t nguyn, chia s v tin tng ln nhau.

1.2 Mc tiu ca chui cung ng. Chui cung ng bao gm tt c cc thnh t ca chui, nhng tc ng ca chng n chi ph v vai tr trong vic sn xut sn phm ph hp vi nhu cu khch hng. Do , chui cung ng hng n cc mc tiu sau: Th nht, to mi lin kt vi cc nh cung cp ca cc nh cung ng v khch hng ca khch hng v h c tc ng n kt qu v hiu qu ca chui cung ng. Th hai, hu hiu v hiu qu trn ton h thng, tng chi ph ca ton h thng t khu vn chuyn, phn phi n tn kho nguyn vt liu, tn kho trong sn xut v thnh phm phi c ti thiu ha. Ni cch khc, mc tiu ca mi chui cung ng l ti a ha gi tr to ra cho ton h thng. 1.3 Chui gi tr v chui cung ng.

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Micheal Porter, ngi u tin pht biu khi nim chui gi tr vo nm 1980 bin lun rng chui gi tr ca mt doanh nghip bao gm cc hot ng chnh v cc hot ng b tr to nn li th cnh tranh khi c cu hnh mt cch thch hp. Tuy nhin, khi nim chui gi tr cng c pht trin nh l mt cng c phn tch cnh tranh v chin lc. Porter phn bit cc hot ng chnh v cc hot ng b tr. Cc hot ng chnh l cc hot ng hng n vic chuyn i v mt vt l v qun l sn phm hon thnh cung cp cho khch hng. Chui gi tr chung

Theo hnh trn th hu cn n v hu cn ra ngoi l cc thnh t quan trng v then cht ca chui gi tr, y chnh l yu t to ra gi tr cho khch hng ca doanh nghip v mang li li ch ti chnh cho cng ty. Vic tch hp mt cch su rng cc chc nng sn xut, bn hng, marketing vi hu cn cng l mt tiu thc quan trng ca chui gi tr. Cc hot ng b tr cho php hoc h tr cc hot ng chnh. Chng c th hng n vic h tr mt hot ng chnh cng nhng h tr tin trnh chnh. Chui cung ng tng qut

Chui cung ng c xem l mt h thng xuyn sut dng sn phm/ nguyn liu, dch v, thng tin v ti chnh t nh cung cp ca nh cung cp xuyn qua cc t chc/

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

cng ty trung gian nhm n vi khch hng ca khch hng hoc mt h thng mng li hu cn gia nh cung cp u tin n khch hng cui cng. C th nhn thy chui cung ng nh l tp hp con ca chui gi tr. Cc hot ng chnh ca chui gi tr chnh l nhng iu m ch n chui cung ng. Chui gi tr rng hn chui cung ng v n bao gm tt c cc hot ng di hnh thc cc hot ng chnh v hot ng b tr. Chui gi tr m rng

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

1.4 ng nng ca chui cung ng.

Yu t c tim nng tng hiu sut: Sn xut: Cng sut ch to v d tr sn phm. Cn i gia chi ph, tc v tnh linh hot. M hnh sn xut. Th t u tin.

D tr: Mt cn i cung cu. Chi ph ln, dch v khc bit. Khi lng d tr. Thi gian d tr. C cu mt hng d tr.

Yu t c tim nng tng hiu qu:

6

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

a im: Nh my, kho bi, trung tm phn phi. Lin kt cht ch. Vi tr v chc nng. S lng v v tr. Quy m v thit b.

Vn chuyn: Kt ni mng li. Vn chuyn nhanh th chi ph ln. Phng tin vn chuyn. Phng thc vn chuyn. n v vn chuyn.

Yu t duy nht c tim nng tng ng thi c hiu sut v hiu qu: Thng tin: D bo v hoch nh chin lc. Lp k hoch d tr, vn chuyn v mua hng. Phi hp cng vic hng ngy. Yu cu: + u t c s h tng. + Thng nht ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong chui. + Mc hp tc v chia s thng tin.

Chng 2: Chui cung ng thy sn (Tm) xut khu ca cng ty c phn Minh Ph
2.1 Gii thiu chung v cng ty c phn Minh Ph

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Tin thn ca Cng Ty C Phn Thu Hi Sn Minh Ph l X Nghip Ch Bin Cung ng Hng Xut Khu Thu Sn Minh Ph, c thnh lp Ngy 14 Thng 12 Nm 1992. Sau 15 nm khng ngng pht trin, n nay Minh Ph khng nh c v tr uy tn ca mnh trong ngnh khu vc v trn ton th gii. n nay Minh Ph l mt trong nhng nh ch bin - xut khu thu sn ln nht ca Vit Nam. Nm 2006 l nm nh du mc quan trng trong giai on pht trin mi ca Minh Ph, chun b cho giai on pht trin mi ny, thng 7 nm 2006 Minh Ph chuyn i t mt m hnh cng ty gia nh sang cng ty c phn v nim yt trn th trng chng khon Vit Nam. Nm 2006 cng nh du s khi u mi trong vic p dng qui trnh khp kn sn xut; Minh Ph i t khu sn xut tm ging, nui tm thng phm, ch bin v n xut khu. y l mt bc tin quan trng trong bi cnh cnh tranh khc lit v i hi khc khe ca th trng. Trong m hnh khp kn , Minh Ph tr thnh cng ty m ca cc cng ty thnh vin gm: + Cng Ty Sn Xut Ging Thy Sn Minh Ph - Ninh Thun, chuyn sn xut tm ging, vi cng sut 4,5 t con tm post mi nm. + Cng Ty Nui Trng Thu Sn Minh Ph - Kin Giang, chuyn nui tm cng nghip theo cng ngh sinh hc, m bo ngun cung cp tm nguyn liu sch, khng nhim khng sinh v ho cht, cng sut 7.000 tn tm nguyn liu mi nm. + Cng Ty Nui Trng Thu Sn Minh Ph - C Mau, chuyn nui tm theo phng thc qung canh ci tin v nui tm cng nghip theo cng ngh vi sinh, m bo ngun cung cp tm nguyn liu sch, khng nhim khng sinh v ho cht, vi cng sut 33.000 tn tm nguyn liu mi nm. + Cng Ty C Phn Thu Hi Sn Minh Ph, vi cng sut ch bin 10.000 tn sn phm mi nm. + Cng Ty Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Qu, cng sut 5.400 tn thnh phm mi nm + Cng Ty Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Pht, cng sut 5.400 tn thnh phm mi nm. Minh Ph l mt trong nhng nh tin phong trong chin dch huy ng, gn gi v pht huy hiu qu cht xm, nh to c ng lc pht trin mnh m cho cng ty. Ngoi ra, Minh Ph cng ch trng n vn u t cng ngh, my mc trang thit b hin i, p dng h thng qun l cht lng tin tin theo h thng HACCP, GMP, SSOP, ISO 9001:2000, BRC v ACC trong qui trnh sn xut khp kn ca mnh. Chnh iu ny gip cho sn phm Minh Ph lun an ton, t cht lng cao v c khch hng trn ton th gii tn nhim.

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Phng chm ca Minh Ph l: Uy Tn - Cht Lng - V Sinh - An Ton v Hiu Qu. Minh Ph lun hn hnh c cho n mi nh u t v khch hng n t mi min t nc v khp ni trn th gii

2.2 Chui cung ng mt hng tm ca cng ty c phn Minh Ph

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6 Cng ty hin c cng ty sn xut ging Minh Ph Ninh Thun.

Con ging d n nui tm ti Cc h nui tm ti tnh C Mau, kin Giang, B RaVng Tu Ng dn nh bt xa b Cc nh cung c p nguy n liu Cng Ty Nui Trng Thu Sn Minh Ph - C Mau v cng ty Minh Ph Kin Giang, cng ty TNHH MTV nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph, ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An Thc n nui tm l sn phm ca cng ty GroMinh Nh my sn xut ch phm sinh hc MTV Minh Ph

Tm nguyn liu

Thc n, ha cht, ch phm sinh hc

Nh my Minh Ph C Mau: cng sut ch bin 10.000 tn thnh phm mi nm.

Nh my ch bin tm

Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Qu: cng sut 5.400 tn thnh phm mi nm Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Pht: cng sut 5.400 tn thnh phm mi nm
Nh my Minh Ph Hu Giang: 40.000 tn thnh phm/nm

Cng ty lin kt Nh phn phi

Nh nhp khu

Bn l Khch hng cui cng

T s cho thy, quy trnh ca mt mt hng thy sn xut khu thng thng tri qua 4 giai on phn phi ti ngi tiu dng cui cng. Nh vy, c c mt
10

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

sn phm cht lng, m bo VSATP th vai tr ca tt c cc i tng trong chui u quan trng nh nhau, ch cn mt khu trong chui khng m bo cht lng th sn phm ti tay ngi tiu dng s khng t yu cu v tc ng xu n ton chui cung ng. Trong chui cung ng ca cng ty CB & XKTS thng thng gm 4 giai on v cng tng trng cho 4 nhm i tng trong chui nh sau : Ngi nui tm Ngi nui tm l nhng h gia nh nng dn o ao, a nui tm. Thng thng nhng h nng dn ny t tm him k thut v hc hi kinh nghim ln nhau ch khng c o to qua trng lp chnh quy. M hnh nui ch yu theo m hnh thm canh, mt nm c 2 ma chnh v 1 ma ph. v nui thu hoch c hiu qu, i hi h nng dn cn tun th cht ch cc yu t k thut theo tiu chun ca ngnh, s dng hp l cc chi ph trong qu trnh nui mang li li ch kinh t. M hnh nui c cc h p dng l nui thm canh theo quy trnh, k thut kt hp vi kinh nghim dn gian ca ngh nui tm. Tm sau thu hoch s c bn cho trc tip cho cng ty ch bin v cc i l thu mua, hoc ty theo mi h nui.
Con ging Ngi nui tm Nh cung cp thc n, thuc Nh trung gian (i l) Nh my ch bin Th trng bn l

Nng dn v cc mi quan h trc tip

11

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

i l thu mua i l thu mua ng vai tr trung gian gia cng ty ch bin v ngi nui tm. H c chc nng nh bt, bo qun v vn chuyn tm thng phm ti nh my ch bin v thanh ton tin trc tip cho ngi nui sau khi bt tm ln khi ao. Trong mt s trng hp, i l c th ng tin cho h nui tm nu h c nhu cu. Li ch h nhn c l phn chnh lch gia s tin b ra v thu li khi bn tm.
H nui tm i l thu mua cp 1 C s sn xut 90% i l thu mua cp 2

10% Nh my ch bin

Thng thng trong ngh thu mua tm th c hai dng i l tn ti v phn lm i l cp 1 v i l cp 2. Cng vic ca cc i l l thu mua tm ca cc h nui sau phn phi cho cc nh my ch bin sn xut. i l thu mua cp 1 c vn phng giao dch, phng tin nh bt, vn chuyn v bo qun tm cng vi mt lc lng nhn cng ng o. H c kin thc, kinh nghim v k thut nh bt, bo qun, nhn bit, phn on cht lng tm. i l thu mua cp 2 i hi c ngun tin mt ln, sn sng chi tr, ng trc cho cc h nui nu c yu cu.
Cng ty ch bin ( cng ty CP tp on Minh Ph)

y l i tng chnh trong chui cung ng, chu trch nhim ton b v vn cht lng sn phm i vi th trng v ngi tiu dng. Nguyn liu sau khi c tip nhn s c x l v ch bin thnh sn phm t cht lng theo yu cu ca khch hng v xut i n cc th trng trn th gii. Vi cc yu cu ngy cng cao v cht lng VSATTP, i hi DN CB & XKTS phi kim sot, gim st c cht lng ngay
12

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

t khu nguyn liu, cc cng on trong quy trnh sn xut cho ti sn phm cui cng c s chp thun ca cc c quan chc nng v khch hng.

Nh nhp khu
Cc DN ca nc xut khu Nh nhp khu H thng phn phi bn l Ngi tiu dng

S : Mi quan h ca nh nhp khu Nh nhp khu l nhng t chc, doanh nghip nc ngoi c nhu cu mua sn phm thy sn ca Vit Nam. Sau khi tm hiu, la chn nh cung cp thng qua cc hp ng mua bn quc t nhp khu vo th trng trong nc, sau phn phi ti cc ca hng bn l, siu th. nhp khu c nhng sn phm t cht lng quc t, nh nhp khu cn c vo qu trnh pht trin ca cng ty, cc chng ch, chng nhn quc t v cht lng sn phm v mc gi tha thun gia hai bn Vi vai tr l nh tiu th trung gian, nh nhp khu mua hng v bn li cho cc t chc. Do , vn v li nhun lun t ln hng u. Nh nhp khu cng phi cn c vo nhu cu thc t ca ngi tiu dng cui cng a ra nhng iu khon cn thit i vi nh xut khu, nh thng hiu, uy tn ca doanh nghip xut khu trn th trng th gii, gi bn, cht lng sn phm, c cu sn phm. 2.2.1. Thc trng chui cung ng tm ca cng ty So vi chui cung ng ca cc cng ty thy sn khc th chui cung ng mt hng tm ca cng ty c phn tp on Minh Ph cng khng my khc bit, c th nh s Cc siu th,
Cc i l thu c Ph sau: Chui cung ng tm 75 cng ty c phn tp on Minha hng, ca 10 mua tm
%
%

nh hng.

Cc cng ty ch bin trung gian PHA MUA

25 %

Cng ty CP Thy Sn S 1

90 %

Cc nh nhp khu 13 NI B QUN TR CHUI CUNG NG PHA BN

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Ngun: Phng Kinh Doanh Cng ty CP tp on Minh Ph Cng ty CP tp on Minh Ph mua tm nguyn liu t hai ngun chnh: mua tm nguyn liu ti cha s ch t cc i l, y l ngun cung cp nguyn liu tm chnh cho cng ty chim khong 75%, tuy cn mt s khuyt im nhng y l ngun cung cp hiu qu nht cho cng ty. Gn y do tnh trng thiu nguyn liu v thiu cng nhn nn cng ty ch ng tm ngun nguyn liu tm ng block t cc cng ty ch bin, y l ngun hiu qu khi cn lm hng gp trong khi nguyn liu d tr ht. Hai ngun cung cp tm nguyn liu cho cng ty kh hiu qu nhng kh nng cng ty c th truy xut mt cch chnh xc v hiu qu n khu u vo cho nui trng hin nay vn l vn rt kh thc hin. Sn phm tm ca cng ty ch yu l xut khu ra nc ngoi chim 90%, th trng ni a chim 10%. Quy trnh thu mua tm nguyn liu ca cng ty: Quy trnh mua tm nguyn liu ca cng ty kh hp l, chi tit th hin s sau:

Khch hng ni a & quc t

1 8

H H H

Phng XK & KD ni a
4 7

Phng SX
3 5 6

Phng KD S 2.2: Quy trnh mua tm ca cng ty

i l v cc Cng ty

Ngun: Phng Kinh Doanh v Sn Xut cng ty c phn tp on Minh Ph Din gii quy trnh: 1. Phng xut khu & kinh doanh ni a nhn c n t hng t khch hng.
14

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

2. Phng xut khu & kinh doanh ni a lin h vi phng sn xut xem xt kh nng sn xut hng. 3. Phng sn xut s thng bo l nguyn liu hay khng cho sn xut. 4. Phng xut khu & KD ni a thng bo phng kinh doanh v vic thu mua tm nguyn liu. 5. Phng KD lin h vi cc i l bn tm nguyn liu v cng ty bn tm bn thnh phm t chc thu mua. 6. i l v cc Cng ty ny s thng bo v n gi hng v ph vn chuyn. Hai bn thng lng v cht lng tm v gi v i n k kt hp ng mua bn. 7. Phng KD thng bo n gi cho phng xut khu & KD ni a. 8. Phng Xut khu s xem xt chi ph thu mua tnh ton gi c v t chc m phn k kt hp ng vi khch hng. u vo cho thu mua tm ca cng ty Tm nguyn liu ca cng ty c c thu mua t hai ngun cung cp chnh: cc i l cung cp tm nguyn liu v cng ty sn xut bn tm c ng block. Ngun 1: Thu mua tm nguyn liu cha s ch:
Cc ao tm nui Cc i l thu mua tm Cng ty Thy Sn S 1

c ngun nguyn liu tm cng ty phi thu mua i l ca cc tnh nh: Bn Tre, Long An, Tin Giang, C Mau Trc khi a tm v cng ty mt tun th i l, c s thu mua v nhn vin thu mua ca cng ty xung ao nui kim tra cht lng tm bng cch ly mu tm ao nui i kim nghim, cng ty khng kim sot v quy trnh nui, con ging, cc loi thc n ca tm nui. Ch kim tra tm trng thnh nu t cht lng, t khng sinh th thu mua.
15

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Khi tm c thu hoch em v i l nhn vin thu mua ca cng ty s n kim tra tm nguyn liu ti cc i l. Nu t cht lng th hai bn k hp ng mua bn l hng ny. i l phi a giy cam kt cht lng tm cho cng ty Khi tm nguyn liu c cc i l a v cng ty. Tm nguyn liu vn chuyn ti cng ty, phng kinh doanh s lp phiu yu cu kim hng mua gi cho phng KCS, b phn KCS ca cng ty kim tra mu sc, ti, mi, khng sinh, vi sinh, tp cht Sau khi kim hng xong lp bin bn kt qu kim tra cho phng kinh doanh. Nu nguyn liu t th s thu nhn v a vo ch bin ngay v khng nhp kho nguyn liu, nu khng t th h loi hoc tr li cho nh cung ng. Ngun 2: Mua tm bn thnh phm ng block:
Cc ao nui tm i l, thng li thu mua Tm Cng ty ch bin trung gian Cng ty Thy Sn S 1

Vo thi gian u nm, tm cha vo ma thu hoch nn nguyn liu khan him lng nguyn liu d tr ca cng ty khng dng hoc nhng c (size) tm khch hng yu cu m cc i l, c s thu mua cung cp nguyn liu tm cho cng ty khng p ng c. Th b phn thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty s lin h vi cc cng ty sn xut ch bin thy sn c mi quan h giao dch-mua bn lu nm vi cng ty mua tm c ng block. Mi nm s k tha thun thng mi vi cc cng ty ny mt ln. V khi cn nguyn liu th s lin lc vi cc cng ty ny, nu c hng bn h s gi mu qua cho cng ty mnh, t cht lng hai bn s tha thun gi v k hp ng mua bn. Sau h s giao hng n tn cng ty mnh. Quy trnh sn xut tm ca cng ty p dng quy trnh sn xut sch lm gim chi ph x l nhim mi trng nh vy hiu qu sn xut c nng ln r rt cng ty ngy cng tin n sn xut cht lng ton b cc quy trnh t u vo n u ra cht lng sn phm ngy cng tng ln. Cc sn phm u sn xut theo quy trnh khp kn. Sau y l quy trnh sn xut tm ca cng ty:
16

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Tip nhn nguyn liu X l, bo qun NL Phn c Xp khay Cp ng Bao b nguyn liu Bo qun R ng Ra S ch SX tm thnh phm

Phn c Ra nh hnh Xp khay Cp ng Bao gi, r kim loi ng thng Bo qun

Thuyt minh quy trnh:

Tip nhn nguyn liu: Tm nguyn liu c phng KCS kim tra t cht

lng c a vo phng tip nhn vo thng loi b , tp cht v cc loi nguyn liu tp khc. Dng r mc tm cho vo st nha. Ra xong tm ln trn k (hoc pallet), tin hnh phn loi cc loi tm sau phn c s b ri cn xc nh s lng nhp vo. Thi gian tip nhn cho 1 tn nguyn liu khng qu 30 pht. Nguyn liu nhn vo phi t yu cu, thng t l khng t yu cu 2.5%.

Ra: Nguyn liu tm sau khi tip nhn c ln tp cht, vy sau khi tip nhn tm

c ra trong thung inox cha 100 lit nc nhit t 0o-5oC. Nhung ngp r tm
17

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

vao nc ri ly ln, mi ln ra khng qu 10kg/r nha, thay nc sau 5 ln ra. Sau o, t r ln pallet nha ri muc mt x nc sach di ln r tm mt ln na.

S ch: Dung kep chuyn dung ly tui phn ra khoi u tm. Ch lng l gn

mu v rut tm, l ni pht sinh lm thi tht tm, do cn phi rt ch lng. Sau ty tng loi sn phm v ty yu cu ca tng khch hng m c cch s ch khc nhau nh: lt b u tm, lt v, ch ct ru nguyn con,.... Quy trnh x l v bo qun nguyn liu:

Phn size (c): Phn c tm p ng yu cu khch hng v kch c tng loi

sn phm. Trong thc t, ngi ta khng ly tng s c m ly tng nhm gm nhiu s c quy vo mt c. V chnh lch gia vi kch c vi nhau l khng ng k nn khng th chia ra qu nhiu c c do kh qun l. Hin nay cng ty s dng cc c tm nh sau: 13-15, 16-20, 21-25, 26-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, 71-90. Xp khay: Mi cng nhn chun b mt khun bng nhm. Khi r tm cn trng lng c chuyn n, ngi cng nhn ly th c gn ln r t vo khun ri tin hnh xp tm, ly tm t r v xp vo khun, xp ng k thut. Cp ng: Nhit phng cp ng l -400C, thi gian cp ng l 4 gi. i vi tm dng lc, sau khi chm nc lnh lng nc y khay, s c cp ng my ng tip xc dng tm. Nhit lnh c truyn trc tip t dn lnh l cc tm lc tuyn trc tip qua khay nhm t 2 mt trn v di n tm. Nhit cp ng tip xc l -400C, thi gian cp ng l 3 gi.

Bao b nguyn liu: Bao gi kn trnh oxy ha. Xp block tm vo bao PE v

p m. Sau cho vo thng carton v dn nhn thng tin nguyn liu ra ngoi.

Bo qun: a vo kho nguyn liu tr ng vi nhit -180C.

Quy trnh sn xut tm thnh phm: Nu ta dng tm nguyn liu c s ch a vo sn xut thnh phm th s khng r ng, cn dng nguyn liu ng block th phi r ng trc khi sn xut.
18

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

R ng: Tm c ly t kho lnh n phng sn xut bng xe ko r ng.

Lm tan ht v tm tch ri nhau ra. Nhit nc r ng < 250C, nhit phng 220C, thi gian tan ht tm ri nhau, thn tm mm l 6-7 pht. Phn c: m bo cht lng l hng ng kch c. Ty theo tng loi sn phm v tng khc hng m ta phn c tm nht nh. nh hnh: Ty theo yu cu ca tng khch hng v tng loi sn phm m ta c cch nh hnh khc nhau nh: x bm, lt PTO, ko nobashi, cun chin, dui di con tm tm bt chin,...

Xp khay: Mi cng nhn chun b mt khay khng. Khi r tm t nh hnh s

chuyn n bn xp khay, ngi cng nhn ly th c gn ln r t vo khun ri tin hnh xp tm; ly tm t r v xp vo khun nhn c tm y khun. Cn kim tra khi lng mi khay. Ri chm 150-160g nc sach nhit 5oC.

Cp ng: Tng v tm c xp ln u vo bng chuyn IQF. Trong qu trnh v

tm chuyn ng trong bng chuyn th nhit c truyn t gin lnh n tm.

Bao gi, r kim loi: Bao gi phi kn ngn cn s oxy ha, dn nhn size. V

tm sau khi c bao gi v dn nhn s c chuyn ln bng ti ca my r kim loi kim tra c st kim loi hay khng. Nu c s b loi ra x l li.

ng thng: Sau khi qua khu r kim loi, cc gi tm cho vo thng theo c, ri

xit dy thng vic bo qun tt hn. Trn thng carton c ghi y cc thng tin cn thit nh: tn sn phm, ngy sn xut, size, ni sn xut, Qu trnh xut bn thnh phm tm

Vn chuyn sp tm: cng ty c vn chuyn ni a v vn chuyn xut khu. khi vn chuyn xut khu cng ty c th theo iu kin FOB hoc CFR ty theo n t hng ca khch

Lm th tc hi quan: Nhn vin xut khu khai bo cc chi tit v hng ha ln t khai c quan hi quan hi quan kim tra cc th tc giy t. Yu cu ca
19

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

vic khai ny l trung thc v chnh xc. Ni dung ca t khai gm nhng mc sau: loi hng, t hng, s seal, trng tnh v trng lng

2.2.2 Vai tr tch hp dc trong chui cung ng Theo phn tch cht lng VSATTP ca mt hng thy sn chu tc ng ca tt c cc i tng trong ton chui cung ng, ch khng phi phm vi cng ty ch bin. Do , ch cn mt khu trong chui cung ng thc hin khng tt chc nng qun l cht lng s to ra nhng sn phm khng t cht lng, tc ng xu n ton chui cng nh cng ng x hi. Chng hn, trong cc nm gn y, hng lot cc v vic lin quan n vn VSATTP xy ra nh : bnh b in (BSE), bnh l mm long mng, nhim c i--xin trong tht g, d lng khng sinh trong tm ng lnh, c tra, c basa ca Vit nam, cng lm ngi ta t tin tng hn vo cc bin php kim tra an ton thc phm c in v i hi kh nng truy xut ngun gc thc phm ngy cng cao hn. Nguyn nhn ch yu ca cc v vic trn l do cc sn phm cung cp ra th trng khng c kim sot mt cch trit trong qu trnh sn xut ch bin.
2.3 Vai tr ca thnh vin trong chui cung ng mt hng tm Tp on Minh Ph

2.3.1 Cng ty TNHH Sn xut ging Thy sn Minh Ph Ninh Thun Cng ty TNHH Sn Xut Ging Thu Sn Minh Ph l cng ty thnh vin ca Cng ty C Phn Thu Hi Sn Minh Ph (C Mau), c thnh lp ngy 09/02/2006 ti tnh Ninh Thun. Cng ty chuyn sn xut con ging sch bnh p dng cng ngh sinh hc, cung cp con ging cho vng nui ca nhm Cng ty Minh Ph.Cng sut hin ti l 50 triu tm post/thng Cng vi phong tro nui tm chn trng pht trin mnh trn c nc, cui nm 2007, cng ty cng trin khai sn xut ging i tng tm ny. Cng ty thit lp quan h vi nhiu cng ty/t chc sn xut tm b m chn trng ln trn th gii nh Vin Hi Dng (Hawaii), cng ty Kona Bay, cng ty SIS, cng ty SyAqua, v.v... nhm tm kim ngun tm c cht lng tt nht sn xut con ging cung cp cho trang tri nui tm ca Minh Ph (Cng ty Minh Ph Kin Giang, 500 ha ao nui) v ng thi cung cp ra th
20

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

trng bn ngoi trong c cc h nui tm C Mau, Kin Giang, Sc Trng nhm m bo ging cht lng cho cng tc nui trng cung cp cho cng ty ngun nguyn liu sch Nm 2008, cng ty TNHH Sn Xut Ging Thu Sn Minh Ph l c s sn xut tm ging u tin ca Vit Nam t c chng ch Best Aquaculture Practices (Thc hnh sn xut thu sn tt nht) do Aquaculture Certificate Council (Hi ng chng nhn thu sn, gi tt l ACC) cp. u nm 2011, cng ty TNHH Sn Xut Ging Thu Sn Minh Ph l c s sn xut tm ging u tin v duy nht ca Vit Nam t c chng nhn GLOBAL GAP (Thc hnh nng nghip [sn xut thu sn] tt ton cu) do Intertek nh gi. Hin nay cng ty ang cung cp ra th trng sn phm postlarvae cht lng cao vi vic: S dng ngun b m tt v sch bnh. C c s sn xut ging v trang thit b tt C qui trnh k thut chun v qun l k thut nghim ngt. Thc hin cht ch An ton sinh hc trong sn xut. Qun l cht lng sn xut v sn phm nghim tc theo tiu chun ACC v 1) n v cung cp tm nguyn liu cho cc nh my ch bin ca cng ty a) Cc h nui tm ti cc tnh C Mau, Kin Giang, B Ra Vng Tu Cc h nui tm ny c cng ty h tr v ngun ging sch nhm cung cp cho cng ty nhng nguyn liu cht lng.Cc h mi nm nui c 2 v chnh.M hnh nui c cc h p dng l nui thm canh theo quy trnh, kt hp vi kinh nghim dn gian ca ngh nui tm.Tm sau thu hoch s c bn trc tip cng ty ch bin ca cng ty v cc nh cung cp.Hin nay phn ln cc h nui tm chn hnh thc bn qua cc i l trung gian chim khong 70% v bn trc tip cho cng ty khong 30%. C Mau l mt trong nhng vng cung cp tm s ln nht th gii nh din tch mt nc v din tch
21

Global GAP

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

rng ngp mn ln, c thy triu nn nc t b nhim.Mt khc, tnh ch yu p dng phng thc nui qung canh nn mc d sn lng thp nhng tm sch v ln.Nm 2005, ton tnh C Mau c 247000ha din tch nui tm sinh thi (va trng la va nui tm v nui tm trong khu rng ngp mn) v 1000 ha nui tm cng nghip, sn lng tm t 96000 tn ( Ngun www.ciren.gov.vn) .Nh vy cng ty c ngun nguyn liu di do v n nh.Ngoi C Mau, cng ty cn thu mua tm cng nghip t tnh Sc Trng, Bc Liu, Vi vic mua ti cc h nui tm th cng ty s mua c vi gi r.Tuy nhin, lng nguyn liu mua t y khng nhiu v thiu cng tc bo qun, vn chuyn, kh khn cho cng ty b) Ng dn nh bt xa b y l b phn cung cp trc tip ngun nguyn liu cho cng ty.B phn thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty s n trc tip cc cng n cc tu nh bt xa b v mua ngun tm ti nht vi gi c r hn so vi trn th trng c) Cc nh cung cp tm nguyn liu Minh Ph thng k kt hp ng vi cc nh cung cp nguyn liu ngay t u v vi khi lng nhiu nn mc d mc gi thu mua thp hn mt bng chung ca th trng nhng vn thu ht c nhiu nh cung cp nguyn liu ln v n nh. Danh sch cc nh cung cp nguyn liu ln cho cng ty STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nh cung cp Mt hng Tnh Doanh nghip t nhn Sng Tm nguyn liu Sc Trng Doanh nghip t nhn Minh Hy Tm nguyn liu C Mau Doanh nghip t nhn Bch Lin Tm nguyn liu C Mau Cng ty TNHH Lin Tm nguyn liu C Mau Cng ty TNHH Trang Khanh Tm nguyn liu Bc Liu Doanh nghip t nhn Thi Bnh Tm nguyn liu C Mau Doanh nghip t nhn Yn Huy Tm nguyn liu C Mau Cng ty TNHH Lin Ha Tm nguyn liu Sc Trng Cng ty TNHH thy sn Phong Ph Tm nguyn liu C Mau Ngun: Cng ty C phn thy hi sn Minh Ph

22

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Cc nh cung cp nguyn liu ny l nhng ngi c quan h mt thit vi cc h nui tm, h thng cung ng vn cho cc h nui trng vay u t mua trang thit b, mua ging v thc n cho tm khi cc h ny gp kh khn v ti chnh ngc li, khi thu hoch, ngi nui phi u tin bn tm cho cc nh cung cp vi mc gi thp hn gi th trng.Cc nh cung cp nguyn liu ny l nhng ngi trc tip thu mua tm ti a v chu chi ph : thu hoch, bc d, bo qun, vn chuyn tm t a n nh my ca cng ty, chi ph trung bnh m h b ra khong 6400ng/kg, sau khi tr cc khon chi ph cng ty li khong 2000 ng/kg tm nguyn liu.Tuy c li nhun cao nhng cc nh cung cp ny cng phi chu kh nhiu ri ro do mi ln thu hoch h phi mua ht sn lng ca mt ao/a nui.Mi i l s mua tm nguyn liu t rt nhiu ao nui cc tnh ng bng Sng Cu Long Theo tha thun thng mi th cc nh cung cp ny cung cp cho cng ty tm nguyn liu khi cng ty c yu cu.Vic mua tm nguyn liu t cc nh cung cp ny s mang li cho cng ty nhiu thun li nh: nguyn liu c thu mua ngay ti phng tip nhn nguyn liu, vi i ng thu mua nguyn liu ca cng ty dy dn kinh nghim.Nhng nguyn liu khng t tiu chun s c loi b ngay, vng nguyn liu mua n nh vi s lng ln, gim nhn lc cho vic vn chuyn, bo qun nguyn liu t ni mua v cng ty v gim thi gian, chi ph cho nhn vin n tng vng nguyn liu thu mua. Tuy vy, vi hnh thc thu mua ny cng ty cng chu nhiu bt li.Vic mua bn ny lm cng ty khng kim sot c thi gian t khi nguyn liu c nh bt n lc chuyn v cng ty.Khng bit c thi gian cht ca nguyn liu, khng kim sot c qu trnh bo qun khi vn chuyn.Nu mua phi l tm b nhim khng sinh th phi tr li s mt thi gian tm ngun nguyn liu mi nn thiu nguyn liu cho sn xut n hng.Vic thu mua ca cng ty nu ph thuc vo nh cung cp i khi khng ch ng c ngun nguyn liu, ngun nguyn liu khng n nh nn d ri vo tnh trng khan him nguyn liu.Gi nguyn liu cao hn khi mua ti ao nui.Ngun tm m cc nh cung cp ly ti nhiu ni nn cng ty khng th kim sot ht

23

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

d) Cng ty nui trng Thy sn Minh Ph C Mau, Minh Ph Kin Giang, cng ty TNHH MTV nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph, cng ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An Cng Ty Nui Trng Thu Sn Minh Ph - C Mau, chuyn nhn tm ging t cng ty sn xut ging Minh Ph Ninh Thun v nui tm theo phng thc qung canh ci tin , nui tm cng nghip theo cng ngh vi sinh, m bo ngun cung cp tm nguyn liu sch, khng nhim khng sinh v ho cht, vi cng sut 33.000 tn tm nguyn liu mi nm Cng ty Thy hi sn Minh Ph Kin Giang chuyn nhn tm ging t cng ty sn xut ging Minh Ph Ninh Thun v nui tm bng cng ngh sinh hc mang tnh bn vng.Din tch vng nui hin vo khong 250 ha, nng sut 12 14 tn/ha, sn lng 3000 tn tm nguyn liu mt nm, p ng c 10% nhu cu nguyn liu cho ch bin.Trong nm 2011, Cng ty sn xut c gn 3000 tn tm thng phm p ng c 10% nhu cu tm nguyn liu cho cc nh my ch bin ca Minh Ph. Cng ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An, mt cng ty con ca Minh Ph B Ra-Vng Tu , nm 2011 vng nui ca cng ty ny thu hoch mt s ao u tin vi tng sn lng t 85,03 tn.n cui nm 2011, Cng ty cho thu hoch v u 24 ha nui tm chn trng. Sn lng t 170 tn, nng sut trung bnh 9 tn/ha, tm t c 60con/kg. Cng ty TNHH MTV nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph l cng ty mt thnh vin thuc h thng cng ty con ca cng ty c phn thy sn Minh Ph. Cng ty TNHH Mt thnh vin Nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph c nhim v qun l v pht trin vng nui tm ca Minh Ph ti C Mau. Trc mt, Nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph s trin khai nui 318ha ti x Tam Giang ng, huyn Nm Cn, tnh C Mau theo quy trnh nui tm sch thn thin v bn vng vi mi trng nhm m bo mi trng c trong sch, cn bng ng thi to ra c cc sn phm tm t tiu chun quc t, khng b nhim bt k mt loi ho

24

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

cht khng sinh no. Khng ch to c ngun tm sch, Nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph cn gip Minh Ph ch ng c ngun nguyn liu u vo cho sn xut xut khu. Cc cng ty ny chuyn nhn ging t cng ty sn xut ging Minh Ph v ngun thc n, ha cht, ch phm sinh hc t Nh my sn xut ch phm sinh hc MTV Minh Ph.Cng ty c phn thy sn Minh Ph l doanh nghip u tin c vng nui nguyn liu t tiu chun quc t Tp on Minh Ph thu 250 ha ti tnh Kin Giang, nui tm th chn trng t nng sut 16 tn/ha v nui hai v/nm. Hin doanh nghip tip tc thu thm 2.170 ha ti cc a phng Kin Giang, Bc Liu, C Mau v B Ra - Vng Tu m rng vng nui, t phc v ngun nguyn liu cho doanh nghip mnh. V k thut nui theo cng ngh sinh hc, tun hon khp kn trong x l ngun nc v c th nui c t ba n bn v/nm v ngun ging cng do doanh nghip t sn xut, cung cp. n nm 2011, doanh nghip ny t cung cp c 40% ngun nguyn liu cho ch bin v gim dn vic nhp nguyn liu. Do lm ch v kim sot c qu trnh nui khp kn t con ging, chm sc... cho nn ngun nguyn liu t nui lun bo m an ton v v sinh, c gi thnh tiu th cao hn t 9 n 10%. Cc cng ty con nui trng ca cng ty c phn thy sn Minh Ph c mt m hnh nui tm sch, s dng con ging ly t tri tm ging Ninh Thun (thuc Tp on Minh Ph), c xt nghim PCR trc khi th nui. Thc n nui tm l sn phm ca cng ty GroMinh (lin doanh gia tp on Grobest v tp on Minh Ph). Minh Ph t mc tiu a ng dng khoa hc hin i nht vo vng nui tng v. Nm 2011 nui 2 v, nm 2012 s tng ln 4 v, ri phn u ln 5 v. Tm thng phm c cung cp cho cc nh my ch bin Minh Ph, Minh Qu, Minh Pht

25

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

2) n v cung cp thc n, ha cht, ch phm sinh hc cho cng ty Thc n nui tm l sn phm ca cng ty GroMinh (lin doanh gia tp on Grobest v tp on Minh Ph), l loi thc n c bo m cht lng, h s chuyn i thp v c ch bin theo quy trnh hin i, m bo ngun nguyn liu u vo cho cc cng ty nui trng ca Minh Ph t cho ngun tm nguyn liu cht lng, sch t tiu chun.Ngoi ra mc tiu chin lc ca cng ty trong nm 2012 l xy dng mt s nh my v tinh xung quanh nh my Hu Giang ca Minh Ph m bo cung cp y nguyn liu u vo cho cc nh my ca cng ty 3) n v ch bin Mi ngy, cc nh my ch bin thy sn ca Minh Ph nhp khng di 100 tn tm nguyn liu, c bit c khi nhp gn 200 tn tm nguyn liu/ngy Cng ty c phn thy sn Minh Ph tnh n nm 2011 c 4 nh my ch bin tm l: Nh my Minh Ph Hu Giang, Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Qu, Nh my Minh Ph C Mau, Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Pht Nh my Ch bin Thy sn Minh Qu:Tip nhn nguyn liu qua s ch t nh my Minh Ph C Mau, ch bin cc mt hng gi tr gia tng nh ng IQF, Nobashi, cng sut nh my 7000 tn thnh phm/nm Nh my Ch bin thy sn Minh Pht: Tip nhn nguyn liu qua s ch t nh my Minh Ph, sn xut cc mt hng tm ln bt, sushi,bo m an ton v sinh thc phm.Cng sut thit k ca nh my Minh Pht l 7000 tn/nm.Nh my Minh Pht i vo hot ng t thng 5 nm 2007.Th trng mc tiu ca Minh Pht l th trng Nht Bn.Cc mt hng ca Minh Pht ch yu l cc mt hng cao cp nh: Nobashi, tm xin que, tm x bm, tm ln bt, Sushi, Nh my Ch bin thy sn Minh Ph C Mau: Chuyn trin khai d n nui tm vi cng ngh cao, t cng sut ch bin 10.000 tn sn phm mi nm.

26

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Nh my ch bin tm Minh Ph Hu Giang xy dng trong Khu cng nghip Hu Giang, vi cng sut ch bin 40.000 tn tm/nm, tng vn u t gn 1.000 t ng, ang c khn trng hon thnh cui thng 4 nm nay c th i vo hot ng. Cc nh my ch bin ca Minh Ph c trang b cng ngh hin i nht vi mc tiu tit kim chi ph nh p dng quy trnh sn xut hp l nht v hn ch nhng im tht c chai trn ng i ca sn phm. y l quy trnh i thng t nguyn liu n thnh phm, nn gim chi ph, gim tiu hao nguyn liu Sn lng tm t nui ca cng ty p ng khong hn 40% nhu cu ca nh my nm 2011 Trong nm 2011, vi hon cnh kinh t trong nc gp rt nhiu kh khn v thch thc, bng s n lc ca ton th ban lnh o v cn b cng nhn vin trong cng ty, cng ty sn xut c 30491,79 tn tm thnh phm, kim ngch xut khu t hn 334,39 triu USD chim gn 15,56 % kim ngch xut khu tm ca c nc.Ring nh my Minh Ph- Hu Giang d ch mi i vo hot ng cui thng 7 2011 cng sn xut c 4,494,33 tn thnh phm 4) n v phn phi Nm 2010, Minh Ph xut khu sang 33 th trng, nhng tp trung vo cc th trng ln: M chim 45-50% tng gi tr XK ca cng ty; Nht Bn 15%, EU 13%, Hn Quc 13% v Canaa. Trong th trng Nht Bn nhp ch yu cc sn phm ch bin GTGT cao cp. Ti cc th trng ch lc, Minh Ph xy dng c mi quan h lu nm vi nhiu nh phn phi ln Th trng M l th trng c sc tiu th ln, gi bn cao v tiu chun cht lng khng qu kht khe.Hn na th trng M c bit a chung sn phm tm c ln sn phm ch lc ca cng ty.Ti th trng M, Cng ty thc hin xut khu qua cng ty
27

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Mseafood c tr s t ti Long Beach, CA, M.Cng ty ny l n v phn phi gip nhp khu tm thnh phm ca cng ty Minh Ph v phn phi n cc ca hng ln M sau n khch hng M

Th trng Nht Bn l th trng c nhiu yu cu kht khe v tiu chun cht lng v gi bn.Sn phm chnh ca th trng l tm c va.Cng ty bn sn phm thng qua cc nh nhp khu ln nh Hanwa Osaka, Maruha, to s n nh trong vic tiu th sn phm Nobashi vo th trng ny, Minh Ph tha thun vi nh nhp khu Hanwa v vic cung cp thng xuyn sn phm ny theo nhu cu ca h v nhn c hn mc tn dng th 20 triu USD.Hanwa hin l nh nhp khu duy nht ca Minh Ph trong sn phm Nobashi v sp ti l sn phm Sushi, bao bt, ca nh my Minh Pht Th trng Canada l th trng tim nng, sn phm c a chung l tm c ln.Cng ty bn sn phm trc tip ti cc nh nhp khu nh FPI, Export Packer, Calkin, Th trng EU l th trng mi m ca cng ty vi cc khch hng mi nh: Nortrade, Binca,.Tm nh vi gi r l sn phm a chung ti th trng ny Th trng Australia v New Zealand: Cng ty xut khu sn phm cho cc nh phn phi ln nh: Markwell, PFD.Australia v New Zealand c nh gi l th trng tim nng cho sn phm tm RPTO nh

28

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Khch hng ca cng ty ch yu l khch quc t ti cc th trng M, Nht, EU, Canada,Bn cnh cng ty cng cung cp cho lng t khch ni a.Lng khch hng ny gp phn khng nh gip hot ng ca chui cung ng ca cng ty c din ra thng sut, lin tc v t hiu qu cao Khch hng ca cng ty bao gm c khch hng c nhn v cc t chc 2.4 Thnh cng ca cng ty trong m hnh chui cung ng Trong ngnh thy sn ca Vit Nam th cng ty c phn thy sn Minh Ph l mt trong nhng doanh nghip c s thnh cng ln nh vo vic p dng thnh cng m hnh chui cung ng trong hot ng sn xut v ch bin Cng ty rt thnh cng trong vic xc nh ng sn phm th trng cn.Mi mt th trng xut khu ca cng ty c mt nhu cu v mt hng tm khc nhau.Cng ty xc nh v phn on c th trng.Vi th trng M l th trng yu cu tiu chun cht lng khng qu kht khe, khch hng ti y c bit a chung sn phm tm c ln sn phm ch lc ca cng ty, iu ny gip cng ty bn c sn phm, to cho vic thng sut cung ng hng ha ra th trng v tha mn nhu cu khch hng.Bn cnh cng ty cng thc c vic cung ng ng s lng v ng lc trnh c s d tha v gim c chi ph tn kho, bo qun, m bo cn bng cung cu trn th trng Vi c th l sn phm ti sng nn yu t thi gian v quy trnh bo qun lun c cng ty quan tm hng u.Gia cc cng on trong chui cung ng ca mnh cng ty lun tn dng ti a thi gian, hn ch n mc thp nht nhng khong thi gian cht Cng ty cng rt thnh cng trong vic phn tn ri ro. m bo lun c ngun ging cng nh tm nguyn liu cho cc nh my hot ng cng ty khng ch t chc lin kt thu mua t cc nh cung cp nguyn liu m cn huy ng thu mua t cc h nui tm, ng dn nh bt xa b v c bit l cng ty xy dng mt m hnh sn xut khp kn t con ging do Cng ty TNHH Sn xut ging Thy sn Minh Ph Ninh Thun cung cp sau cung cp cho h thng cng ty con nui trng ca cng ty gm Cng ty nui trng
29

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Thy sn Minh Ph C Mau, Minh Ph Kin Giang, cng ty TNHH MTV nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph, cng ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An.Cc cng ty ny lin kt vi cc cng ty sn xut thc n, ha cht, ch phm sinh hc c cht lng m bo ngun tm nguyn liu sch bnh, t tiu chun quc t.Sau khi thu hoch, sn phm s c s ch v chuyn n cc nh my ch bin ca cng ty gm Nh my Minh Ph Hu Giang, Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Qu, Nh my Minh Ph C Mau, Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Pht.Nh my Minh Ph Hu Giang l mt chui lin hp cc nh my ch bin thy sn xut khu gm sn xut thc n thy sn xut khu, sn xut bao b, dch v k thut, thng mi, kho lnh v cng bin. Nh my ch bin thy sn Minh Ph-Hu Giang c cng ngh ch bin tm hin i thuc loi hng u trn th gii, ch bin c tt c cc mt hng tm cao cp. Vi cng ngh sinh hc, c p dng cho cc vng nui tm sch do cng ty Minh Ph qun l gip n v nhn c giy chng nhn GLOBAL GAP do Intertek cp.Hnh t giy thng hnh ny gip cho con tm ca cng ty Minh Ph c c hi chu du vo th trng kh tnh nht th gii l: EU, M, Nht Bn CT.THS Minh Ph i mi quy trnh cng ngh t nh xng n khu sn xut, xy dng vng nguyn liu nui trng b sung cho sn xut Nh u t v cng ngh, ci tin my mc, p dng qun l theo h thng HACCP, GMP,SSOP, ISO 9001: 2000, BRC, GLOBAL GAPtrong quy trnh sn xut khp kn m CT.THS Mnh Ph tr thnh n v tin phong trn c nc v cht lng thnh phm. Ti cng ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An, khu nui tm ca cng ty c y ngun in, h thng cp thot nc, ngi nui ch ng c vic qun l v chm sc, khng ch v x l linh ng mi tnh hung v pH, mn. Ngoi vic ci tin cc trm bm sn c, Cng ty lp t thm 17 trm bin p c cng sut t 250400KVA cung cp in cho ton b qut sc kh trn tng ao nui. Ngoi ra, cng ty cn trang b 30 my pht in cng sut bnh qun 300KVA/my cung cp in d phng cho khu nui trong trng hp cp in. H thng knh cp thot nc cng c cng ty xy theo tng cm ao. Khu vc ao nui chy di 3 km c tuyn knh tiu chnh gia v c bn ao nui li c mt ao x l nc. Ngun cp nc mn cho khu nui tm l Sng Ray
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Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

v nc ngt c ly t thng lu sng B p. Hin nay, Cng ty ang c mt i ng gm 25 k s nui trng thy sn gii chuyn mn, giu kinh nghim, v c gn 200 cng nhn nui tm qua o to, tun th cht ch quy trnh k thut nui tm sch cng ty t ra. Khu tuyn chn ging, thc n v ch bin tm ca Cng ty Minh Ph-Lc An nm trong quy trnh sn xut tun hon khp kn ca tp on Minh Ph. Ngun tm ging ca cng ty c ly t tri tm ging Ninh Thun (thuc tp on Minh Ph), c xt nghim PCR trc khi th nui. Thc n nui tm l sn phm ca cng ty GroMinh (lin doanh gia tp on Grobest v tp on Minh Ph), l loi thc n c bo m cht lng, h s chuyn i thp v c ch bin theo quy trnh hin i. Sau khi thu hoch, tm s c chuyn trc tip n nh my Ch bin Thy sn Minh Ph-Hu Giang ch bin xut khu sang M, Nht v mt s nc EU Minh Ph i t khu sn xut tm ging, nui tm thng phm, ch bin v n xut khu. y l mt bc tin quan trng trong bi cnh cnh tranh khc lit v i hi khc khe ca th trng Minh Ph l mt trong nhng nh tin phong trong chin dch huy ng, gn gi v pht huy hiu qu cht xm, nh to c ng lc pht trin mnh m cho cng ty. Ngoi ra, Minh Ph cng ch trng n vn u t cng ngh, my mc trang thit b hin i, p dng h thng qun l cht lng tin tin theo h thng HACCP, GMP, SSOP, ISO 9001:2000, BRC v ACC trong qui trnh sn xut khp kn ca mnh. Chnh iu ny gip cho sn phm Minh Ph lun an ton, t cht lng cao v c khch hng trn ton th gii tn nhim. Nh c mt tm nhn chin lc, p dng mt m hnh chui cung ng khp kn nn cng ty Minh Ph thit lp mt knh phn phi n cc th trng truyn thng v tim nng. L cng ty u tin Vit Nam hnh thnh cc i l c quyn ti Nht Bn, M v EU, Minh Ph lun m bo cht lng sn phm, thi im giao tr cc n t hng ng hn, to nn danh ting v thng hiu mt cng ty ch bin xut khu thy sn hng u ca Vit Nam.
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Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

Nh vy, Minh Ph hon thin mt quy trnh khp kn t khu sn xut ging n khu phn phi sn phm n tn tay ngi tiu dng trong v ngoi nc. Ch ng trong tt c cc khu, cc mt xch ca chui cung ng chui gi tr. Chnh v th gi tr gia tng cho cc sn phm ch bin thy hi sn ca Minh Ph lm tha mn s hi lng v lng trung thnh vi sn phm t pha khch hng, to ra li nhun ti a v thng hiu ni ting cho chnh nh sn xut. Mt thnh cng na trong chui cung ng tm ca cng ty l s kt cht thnh vin trong chui cung ng.Chui cung ng ca Minh Ph l mt chui thng nht v gn kt. Cc thnh vin trong chui ph thuc vo nhau, da vo nhau pht trin. Cc Cng Ty Nui Trng Thu Sn Minh Ph - C Mau v cng ty Minh Ph Kin Giang, cng ty TNHH MTV nui tm sinh thi Minh Ph, ty TNHH Nui trng thy sn Minh Ph - Lc An phi cn ngun con ging do cng ty sn xut ging Minh Ph Ninh Thun cung cp thc hin quy trnh nui m bo cht lng ngun ging sch bnh nhm to ra ngun tm nguyn liu cht lng cao.Nu khng c ngun ging ny cc cng ty nui trng ca Minh Ph s rt kh khn trong vic tm kim ngun ging cht lng v khng m bo cung cp cho hot ng ca cng ty.Bn cnh u ra ca cc cng ty nui trng ca Minh Ph l tm thng phm cung cp cho hot ng ch bin ca cc nh my ch bin ca cng ty l Nh my Minh Ph C Mau,Nh my Minh Ph Hu Giang,Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Pht,Nh my Ch Bin Thu Sn Minh Qu.Cc nh my ny gii quyt u ra cho cng ty nui trng hn ch ti a s d tha trong tiu th tm nguyn liu ca cng ty v cng m bo u vo cht lng, hn ch tnh trng thiu nguyn liu trong cc nh my ch bin, t m bo cho hot ng ca cc cng ty, nh my c thng sut, lin tc khng b gin on nhm tha mn cc nhu cu ca khch hng v to c nim tin i vi khch hng quc t kh tnh 2.5 Kinh nghim rt ra t m hnh chui cung ng ca cng ty Chui cung ng ca cng ty cho thy sn phm tm xut khu ca cng ty c sn xut theo quy trnh khp kn. Hot ng di s kim sot cht ch ca cc tiu
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Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

chun cht lng quc t v dng thng tin xuyn sut chui. Nh quy trnh ny m cng ty lun cung cp nhng sn phm cht lng quc t v c th gii cng nhn khi thng hiu n tn tay ngi tiu dng m khng cn thng qua cc nh nhp khu trung gian nh cc cng ty khc. M hnh chui cung ng tch hp dc vi nh cung cp to ra mi lin kt cht ch, bn vng xuyn sut quy trnh t khu con ging ti sn phm hon chnh t cht lng quc t c phn phi ti tay ngi tiu dng cui cng. iu ny mang li li ch khng th ph nhn cho bn thn cng ty v c cng ng x hi. thc hin c iu ny cng ty u t rt ln vo c s vt cht v ngun nhn lc, thc hin theo chin lc pht trin bn vng lu di. C th: - Tip tc xy dng cc vng nui theo tiu chun Global GAP - Xy dng nh my, u t trang thit b, dy chuyn hin i t cht lng quc t.
-

p dng nhng phn mm chuyn dng trong qun l hot ng SXKD, ti chnh,

k thut. t bit l ng dng cng ngh thng tin v cng ngh nhn dng bng sng v tuyn (RFID) vo qu trnh gim st sn phm tm v cc loi thit b phn cng nh cn in t t ng, u ghi/c th nh thch hp; xy dng h thng mng din rng, c s d liu v thit k cc mun phn mm trung gian h thng RFID giao tip c vi phn mm qun l v tch hp c s d liu phc v cho h thng TXNG ca sn phm. - a cn b sang cc nc thnh cng v lnh vc o to v cc tiu chun quc t, k nng lm vic, phng php sn xut mi ng thi hc hi v quy trnh truy xut ngun gc nhm hon thin cc khu, t sn xut n xut khu mt cch bi bn theo hng qun l cht ch cht lng sn phm. Tm li, thc hin c m hnh chui cung ng tch hp vi nh cung cp, cng ty u t rt ln vo c s vt cht v ngun nhn lc. Tuy chi ph u t cao, nhng li ch mang li th rt ln, m bo s pht trin mt cch bn vng, ph hp vi
33

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

xu hng ca th gii. Vi s thnh cng trong chui cung ng n nay Minh Phu Seafood Corp tr thnh mt Tp on thy sn c kim ngch XK thy sn ln nht c nc, c tm c trong khu vc v trn th gii.

Chng 3: xut gii php pht trin hn na chui cung ng ca cng ty Minh Ph
3.1. Gii php cho m hnh Cng ty c phn Minh Ph l mt trong s t cc cng ty p dng qui trnh khp kn sn xut; Minh Ph i t khu sn xut tm ging, nui tm thng phm, ch bin v n xut khu. y l mt m hnh kh thnh cng trong bi cnh cnh tranh khc lit v i hi khc khe ca th trng. Mc d cng ty ch ng c ngun nguyn liu thay v qu ph thuc vo bn ngoi nhng vn cha p ng c ht nhu cu nguyn liu u vo cho cc c s ch bin ca cng ty. Hng nm cng ty vn phi thu mua mt s lng ln nguyn liu t cc h nui trng v ca cc thng li. Nhng ngun cung cp nguyn liu ny khng n nh v rt kh cng ty kim sot c cht lng. V vy cho m hnh chui cung ng ca cng ty c hon ho hn, cng ty nn hnh thnh mi lin kt gia doanh nghip vi ngi nui trng thng qua cc hnh thc hp ng trc tip hoc gin tip, trong hp ng thu mua gn vi u t v bao tiu sn phm u c kh nng c ngi bn v ngi mua chp nhn hn. nng cao cht lng cc yu t u vo, cng ty v ngi nui c th tm n nhau cng bt tay to lp mi quan h hp tc cht ch thng qua hnh thc k kt hp ng bao tiu di hn v c s ng thun cao. Cng ty ch bin c th k hp ng vi nh cung cp dch v u vo cung cp cho h nui con ging, thc n, thuc th y nhm m bo ngun u vo t cht lng v c kh nng truy xut ngun gc. Vic c c ngun cung cp u vo m bo cht lng, c chng nhn r rng ngoi vic ph hp vi yu cu ca th trng quc t v truy xut ngun gc thc phm cn c ngha rt quan trng trong vic nng cao t l thnh cng cho qu trnh nui tm ca ngi nng dn, ng thi gim ri ro vn rt cao cho ngnh nui trng thu sn, gip ngi nng dn yn tm v n nh hn vi ngnh ngh ca mnh. Khi th trng xut khu ngy cng m rng, u ra ca con tm cng tr nn rt c trin vng, tuy nhin vn t ra l s pht trin bn vng ngnh ny vn gp nhiu
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Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

tr ngi. Nhng ma tm tht bi lin tip ngoi nguyn nhn khch quan nh: thi tit, con ging, ngun nc... khng th khng ni ti s ch quan trong quy trnh nui, c bit l vic lm dng ho cht, khng sinh. Cc vng nui tm ti min Trung hu nh u thuc dng nh l, manh mn, din tch nui qung canh qu nhiu, thu hoch khng tp trung. Theo iu tra th ch khong 30% cc h nui tng tham gia cc bui dy k thut nui t trung tm khuyn nng ca huyn, x v tp hun cng rt t khi c tchc. Do s hp tc ngang gia cc h nui tm l mt gii php hiu qu cho ngi nui tm trong vic ci thin tnh trng yu km hin nay ca mnh. 3.3. Gii php trong qun tr chui cung ng ca cng ty. qun l chui cung ng hiu qu. Nhiu doanh nghip cho rng: d bo v lp k hoch chui cung ng kp thi, chnh xc l nn tng tin n vic qun tr chui cung ng chuyn nghip. Doanh nghip cn u t nng cp v ci tin cng ngh thng tin bng nhng h thng phn mm qun tr chui cung ng. Tuy nhin, vic u t mang li hiu qu, doanh nghip cn xy dng v kt ni cc phng ban vi nhau cng ng thun trong vic thc hin v qun tr chui cung ng tt hn. Vic ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong vic qun l chui cung ng s gip doanh nghip trao i thng tin hiu qu vi i tc v khch hng. Vic thu thp, s dng v x l hiu qu thng tin khi ng dng cc phn mm gip gim 50% thi gian lm vic ca nhn vin dnh cho vic tm kim chng t. Ngoi ra, u t vo h thng cng ngh thng tin cng gip vic ci tin t chc hot ng cng ty, tht cht mi quan h vi i tc, phn ng nhanh trc nhng thay i ca th trng. p dng t ng ha trong vic qun l chui cung ng cng gip doanh nghip tng cht lng d liu lu tr v khch hng. Ct gim chi ph nh lu tr in t, cho bn ng hng, ng i tng khch hng vo ng thi im, Nhng cng ty cung cp dch v lun c nhng gi u t nh, sn sng t vn cho doanh nghip chn gii php ph hp trong vic qun tr chui cung ng. Doanh nghip cng c th u t theo cch cun chiu, u t cho tng b phn cn thit v quan trng, sau s trin khai trong ton cng ty.

Kt lun
Trong lnh vc sn xut kinh doanh mt hng thc phm phc v con ngi. Vi s pht trin i ln ca cuc sng, thc phm cung cp cho con ngi ngy cng nng cao c v cht lng, tnh thm m v nht l phi m bo c s an ton cho sc khe cng ng. Do vy, sn xut c nhng sn phm , i hi phi c s qun l cht ch tt c cc khu trong ton chui cung ng. V vy, vic qun l chui cung ng l
35

Qun tr chui cung ng

Nhm 6

ht sc thit thc vi nhu cu hin nay ca th gii. i vi ngnh thy sn c c ngun cung cp u vo m bo cht lng, c chng nhn r rng s ph hp vi yu cu ca th trng quc t v truy xut ngun gc thc phm v gip nng cao t l thnh cng cho cc cng ty sn xut thy sn. Trong ti ny, nhm 6 nghin cu v phn tch tm ra nhng thc trng, thnh cng, hn ch v nhng bi hc c rt ra trong chui cung ng tm nguyn liu ca cng ty. T xut ra cc gii php khc phc v hon thin chui cung ng hin nay ca cng ty CP Minh Ph, nhm nng cao cht lng sn phm, kh nng truy xut ngun gc, p ng yu cu ca th trng th gii, nng cao li th cnh tranh ca cng ty. Ngy nay sn xut sn phm thy sn t cht lng VSATTP, l mi quan tm chung ca ngi tiu dng trn ton th gii. Nn cc cng ty sn xut thy sn mun tn ti v pht trin phi c kh nng truy xut ngun gc r rng. Nn vic qun l chui cung ng cc sn phm thy sn khng ch l vic lm cp thit ca cng ty c phn Minh Ph, m cn l vic lm cn thit ca tt c cc cng ty thy sn khc.

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