Protein

1
ThS.Phm Hng Hiu Ha Sinh TP Bi 3: Protein 1

3.1. Vai tr khc nhau ca protein
3.2. Acid amin
3.3. Protein
3.4. Cc qu trnh bin i protein trong gia
cng, ch bin thc phm v ng dng
3.5. Cc bin i ca protein trong QTSX
v bo qun thc phm
Bi 3: PROTEIN
3.1. Vai tr khc nhau
ca protein
3.1.1. Vai tr ca protein trong c th
sinh vt
3.1.2. Vai tr ca protein trong sn
phm thc phm
3.1.1. Vai tr ca protein trong
c th sinh vt
1. Xc tc: enzyme
2. Vn ti: hemoglobin, mioglobin ( V c
xng sng), hemoxiamin ( ng vt
khng xng sng)
3. Chuyn ng: co c, chuyn v tr ca
NST
4. Bo v: khng th, interferon chng s
nhim virut, chng ng mu, c t
(toxin)
3.1.1. Vai tr ca protein trong
c th sinh vt
5. Truyn xung thn kinh: cht mu th gic
rodopxin mng li mt.
6. iu ha: hormon, c ch c hiu
enzyme
7. Chng c hc: protein si nh
sclerotin/cn trng, fibroin/t tm, t
nhn, colagen, elastin/m lin kt, m
xng
8. D tr dinh dng: ovalbumin/lng trng
trng, gliadin/ht la m, zein/ng,
feritin/l.
phm thc phm
Gi tr dinh dng:
Protein quyt nh c trng khu phn thc
n nn tng protein cao
Thiu protein:
Suy dd, st cn mau, chm ln
Gim kh nng min dch
Gan, tuyn ni tit, h thn kinh khng
hot ng bnh thng
Thay i TPHH v cu to hnh thi ca
xng (Ca+, Mg|)
Protein cao, cht lng tt ( cc acid amin
khng thay th)
phm thc phm
Tnh nng cng ngh:
To cu trc, to hnh khi, to
trng thi: gi la, bnh m
Gin tip to cht lng: mu
vng nu, hng thm c
trng ca bnh m, c nh mi.
2
3.2. Acid amin
Dng khng ion ha Dng ion lng cc
Cng thc cu to tng qut:

R CH COOH
NH
2
o
R CH COO
NH
3
+
o
Cc acid amin thng gp
a s protein cu to t 20 L-o acid amin
v 2 amit
COOH (acid amin) CONH
2
(amit)
Acid aspartic Asparagin
Acid glutamic Glutamin
Phn loi cc acid amin thng gp
Ala
Phe
Gly
Leu
Ileu
Met
Pro
Trp
Val
Alanin
Phenilalanin
Glixin
Lxin
Izolxin
Methionin
Prolin
Triptophan
Valin
Oxiprolin
Arg
Lys
His
Acginin
Lizin
Histidin
Asp
Glu
a.Aspartic
a.Glutamic
Asn
Cys
Gln
Ser
Tyr
Thr
Asparagin
Xystein
Xystin
Glutamin
Serin
Tirozin
Treonin
Vit
tt
Tn gi
thng
thng
Vit
tt
Tn gi
thng
thng
Vit
tt
Tn gi
thng
thng
Vit
tt
Tn gi
thng
thng
Kim tnh Acid tnh Trung tnh
Acid amin khng
phn cc
Acid amin phn cc
Acid amin phn cc, trung tnh
Cyst ine, Xyst in
3
Acid amin phn cc, kim tnh
Acid amin phn cc, acid tnh
Acid amin khng phn cc
Oxyproline, Oxipolin
Prolin(Proline) Oxiprolin (Oxyproline)

Mt s acid amin t gp trong protein
4
Mt s acid amin khng c
trong protein
Cc acid amin khng thay th
aa khng thay th (cn thit, thit yu) = aa m
ngi/V khng th t tng hp
ly t thc n
Thiu cn bng N (-)
Ty thuc vo loi, la tui:
Ngi ln: 8 (valin, lxin, izolxin, metionin,
treonin, phenylalanin, triptophan, lyzin)
Tr em: 8 + 2 (arginin, histidin)
Cc acid amin khng thay th v nhu cu
hng ngy ca ngi trng thnh
4,4 Phenilalanin 8 3,5 Treonin 4
1,1 Triptophan 7 3,3 Izolxin 3
5,2 Lizin 6 9,0 Lxin 2
3,0 Methionin 5 8,8 Valin 1
Nhu cu
(g/ngy)
Acid amin TT Nhu cu
(g/ngy)
Acid
amin
TT
Mt s tnh cht ha l ca acid amin
Tnh cht chung
Tnh ng phn quang hc (ng phn
lp th) ca acid amin
Kh nng hydrat v tnh tan
Tnh in ly lng tnh
Cc phn ng ho hc
Tnh cht chung
Bn trong mi trng nc, bn
nhit (khng b ph hu 100-
200
o
C)
Bn trong mi trng acid (ring
cc acid amin cha lu hunh b
ph hu)
Khng bn trong mi trng kim:
hin tng raxemic
Tnh ng phn quang hc
(ng phn lp th)
Tr glyxin, cc acid amin u cha C bt i
(C*)
Phn t tn ti di 2 dng L(-, quay tri) v
D (+, quay phi)
a phn cc acid amin thc phm tn ti
di dng L protein c tnh lm quay mt
phng ca nh sng phn cc sang tri.
Dng D khng c c th hp th
5
C bt i
a C c
d
*
b
X C H
R
*
R
Dng L(-)
H C X
R
*
R
Dng D(+)
Trong :
Gc R c mc oxy ha cao hn R:
COOH > CHO > CH
2
OH > CH
3
D t X: Br, Cl, OH, NH
2
acid amin:
C* chnh l C
o
Gc R l COOH
X l NH
2
Do , cu hnh D v L c dng:
NH
2
C H
R
o
COOH
Dng L(-)
H C NH
2
R
o
COOH
Dng D(+)
Ngi ta quy c ly acid amin serin lm
n v so snh xt ng phn quang
hc ca acid amin:
H
2
N C H
CH
2
OH
o
COOH
L Serin
H C NH
2
CH
2
OH
o
COOH
D Serin
ThS.Phm Hng Hiu Ha Sinh TP Bi 3: Protein 29 ThS.Phm Hng Hiu Ha Sinh TP Bi 3: Protein 30
Kh nng hydrat ho v tnh tan
Gc R cha cc nhm chc c kh
nng to lin kt hydro vi nc
Thng kh nng hydrat ho cao s c
tnh ha tan
Tnh tan ph thuc vo bn cht acid
amin, vo dung mi...
6
Tnh in ly lng tnh
Do phn t va cha nhm NH
3+
v nhm
COO
-
Mi trng acid:
a.a tch in dng (+)
a.a chuyn v cc m (-)
Mi trng kim:
a.a tch in m (-)
a.a chuyn v cc dng (+)
gi tr pH m cc a.a khng tch in l
pH ng in (pI, pH
i
)
C s ng dng ca phng php in di
Tnh in ly lng tnh
R CH COOH + H
+
R CH COOH
NH
2
NH
3
+
R CH COOH + OH
R CH COO
+ H
2
O
NH
2
NH
2
Cc phn ng c trng
ca acid amin
Lin kt peptid
Cu ni disulphur
Phn ng to mui
Phn ng to phc vi kim loi nng
Phn ng to amid
Phn ng ester ha
Phn ng vi HNO
2
Phn ng vi formaldehit (HCHO)
Phn ng vi ninhydrin (Trixetohidrinden)
Lin kt peptid
L phn ng kh nc to lin kt gia
hai acid amin k cn nhau
Sn phm l mch polypeptid vi u bn
tri l nhm amin, u bn phi l nhm
cacboxyl
Cu ni disulphur
To nn nhng cu trc khng gian rt c trng
Hnh thnh do nhng acid amin c cha nhm -SH
Phn ng to mui vi baz:
Phn ng to mui
7
Phn ng to mui vi acid
Phn ng to mui
Phn ng to phc vi kim loi nng
Dng nhn bit s hin din ca acid amin
v c thc hin khi un si
Phn ng to amid
Phn ng ester ha
Sn phm l cht lng d bay hi
Thc hin trong iu kin chn khng
Phn ng vi HNO
2
Phn ng dng nh lng N cn c vo lng
kh N
2
thot ra
Phn ng vi formaldehit
(HCHO)
nh gi mc thy phn ca protein
Formaldehit (HCHO) phn ng vi nhm amin to
thnh dn xut metilen ca acid amin:
R CH + C-H R CH + H
2
O
COO
COOH
NH
3
+
O
H
N = CH
2
8
Phn ng vi HCHO
Phng php chun formol ca Sorensen
Tc dng vi cht ch th mu
Tc dng vi ninhydrin: acid amin phn ng vi
ninhydrin cho phc hp mu tm, xanh, , vng ty
theo tng loi.
Tc dng vi vi izatin: c ch tng t ninhydrin
Phn ng vi ninhydrin
(Trixetohidrinden)
Dng nh tnh v nh lng acid amin
nh:
phng php sc k trn giy
sc k trn ct nha trao i ion bng
my phn tch acid amin t ng (g)
Cc o - acid amin + ninhydrin hp
cht mu xanh tm
Ring: iminoacid (prolin) + ninhydrin
hp cht mu vng
Phn ng vi ninhydrin
(Trixetohidrinden)
O
OH
OH
O
O
H
HO
O
+ NH3 +
O
O
O
O
N =
indandion 2 N
2 indanon
O
O
O
O
N =
+ NH3
ONH
4
O
O
O
N =
Hp cht mu xanh
tm (Ruheman)
O
O
OH
OH
O
R C COOH +
NH2
H H
OH
O
NH3 + CO2 + RCHO +
dixetooxyhindriden ninhidrin
Phn ng to mu vi ninhydrin
Cc cht to mu c nhy cao, tm acid amin
dng vt
Phn gii hn hp acid amin
nh tnh hoc nh lng acid amin cn
phn gii hn hp vi nhng k thut sau
Sc k giy, sc k bn mng
in di trn giy, trn bn mng, trn gel
Sc k trao i ion
Sc k lng cao p
My phn tch acid amin t ng
9
Phn tch acid amin bng
phng php sc k giy
Cc cu t cn tch c di
chuyn trn giy nh lc mao
dn ca dung mi. Chng c
tch ra nh s khc nhau v i
lc gia pha ng v pha tnh
3.3. Cu to phn t protein
Cc nguyn t c bn: C, H, O, N
Cacbon: 50-55%
Hydro: 5,5-7,3%
Oxy: 21,5-23,5%
Nit: 15-18% [Pr] = [NPr] x f
f = 6,25: protein thng
f = 5,7: protein ng cc
f = 6,38: protein sa
Cc nguyn t khc: S (0,3-2,5%), P (0,1-0,2%),
Fe, Zn, Cu...
Acid amin peptit polypeptit protein
Peptit (Peptid)
Peptit l sn phm ngng t ca cc acid amin:
- H
2
O
H
2
N CH COOH + HNH CH COOH
R
1
R
2
Acid amin 1 Acid amin 2
Lin kt peptit
H
2
N CH CO NH CH COOH
R
1
R
2
Dipeptit
Lin kt Peptit
Lin kt peptit (-CO-NH-) = lin kt
gia nhm amino (NH
2
) v nhm
cacboxyl (COOH) ca 2 phn t acid
amin khc nhau
Peptit, polypetit
2,3..n aa dipeptit, tripeptit..polipeptit
Phn bit gia polipeptit v protein bi
khi lng phn t (M):
Polipeptit c M nh tan c trong
dd acid tricloaxetic 10%
Protein c M ln khng tan c
trong dd acid tricloaxetic 10%
Thu nhn peptid
Tch chit v tinh sch t m, t bo
Tng hp bng cng ngh gen
Tng hp bng phng php ha hc
10
Cu trc ca phn t protein
Thuyt polipeptit: Acid amin peptit
polypeptit protein
Cc mc cu trc
cu trc bc 1: mch thng
cu trc bc 2: xon l so, t giy xp,
cun thng k.
cu trc bc 3: cu trc cu
cu trc bc 4: cu trc cu, do nhiu
di n v
Cu trc bc 1
Quy nh bi thnh phn v trnh t kt
hp ca cc acid amin c trong protein
.
Lin kt c trng = lin kt peptit
Quy nh t trong gen, xc nh quan
h h hng v lch s tin ho
Cu trc bc 1
Cu trc bc 2
Lin kt c trng = lin kt H gia
nhm imin (NH) v nhm cacbonyl
(CO)
Gm:
cu trc xon kiu o
cu trc xp np kiu |
Cu trc xon
Vng xon quay theo chiu
t tri sang phi v cc acid
amin c cu hnh L
Mi vng xon gm 3,6 gc
acid amin (18 aa 5 vng)
C cc acid amin khng c
kh nng to xon cacbon
o nh prolin, glixin, izolxin,
serin
Cu trc xon
11
Cu trc xp np
Cu trc dng si, dch c, gp np
Tng tc gia:
2 chui polipeptit
gia cc on mch ca 1 chui polipeptit
Cu trc xp np
(a): D ng song song (b) D ng i song song
Cu trc bc 3
Trn c s cu
trc bc 1 v 2
cu trc gp khc
khng gian 3 chiu
Lin kt c trng
= lin kt ion, lin
kt khng phn
cc, lin kt
hydro, lin kt
disunfit (-S-S-)
Cu trc bc 3
Cu trc bc 3
Phn t chymotrysin
Cc lin kt hydro trong protein
12
Cu trc bc 4
Dng: hnh cu,
tp hp ca nhiu
di n v (subunit)
Lin kt: tnh in,
tng tc k nc,
lin kt H, Van der
Waal, cu disulfua
phn t hemoglobin
Tm tt cc mc cu trc ca protein
Mt s tnh cht quan trng
ca protein
Khi lng v hnh dng ca phn t
protein
Tnh cht lng tnh ca protein
Tnh cht ca dung dch keo protein
S bin tnh ca protein
Khi lng, hnh dng ca protein
Khi lng: M ln, hng nghn triu hoc ln hn
Hnh dng:
Hnh cu:
trc di/trc ngn <20
Tan / nc mui long
Hot ng hh xc tc
Hemoglobin, myoglobin...
Hnh si:
trc di/trc ngn=100 -1000
Tr hh chc nng c hc
Colagen (da, sn); keratin(tc, lng); fibrin (t);
miozin (c).
Tnh cht lng tnh ca protein
Protein l cht in ly lng tnh do cc nhm
phn cc ca gc R nh COOH th hai (Asp,
Glu), NH
2
(Lys), guanidin (Arg), imidazol (His),
OH (Ser, Thr, Tyr) pH
i
(pI):
pH < pH
i
:protein = a cation
pH > pH
i
: protein = a anion
pH = pH
i
, protein kt t xc nh pH
i
ca
protein, kt ta protein
T s khc bit v pH
i
ca cc protein
phng php in di, tch chit protein
Tnh cht dung dch keo protein
Khi ha tan, protein dung dch keo (kch thc
ln, khng i qua mng bn thm)
tinh sch protein bng phng php thm tch
2 yu t m bo bn keo protein:
S tch in cng du
Lp v hydrat
Loi b 2 yu t ny, protein s b kt ta.
Cc yu t gy kt ta thun nghch protein:
mui trung ha nh (NH
4
)
2
SO
4
dung mi hu c nh axeton, etanol (t<0
0
C)
13
in di
in di trn gel polyacrylamit
Cc protein cn tch s di chuyn vi cc tc
khc nhau (do s khc nhau v kch c v
tch in) v sau chng s c nh v cc
v tr khc nhau trn bn gel (cc vt gel)
Phng php in di ng in
Phng php SDS-Page
Cc phn ng c trng ca protein
Phn ng biure
Phn ng Lowry
Phn ng ninhydrin
Phn ng Sorenxen vi HCHO
Phn ng Biure
Mc ch: Pht hin v nh lng protein
C ch: CuSO
4
phn ng vi lin kt peptid
trong mi trng kim mnh, to phc mu
tm hoc tm
Bc sng xc nh: 540nm
14
Phn ng Lowry
Mc ch: Lm tng nhy ca phn
ng biure
C ch: Thuc th Folin-xiocanto (hn
hp ca acid phosphomolipdic v acid
phosphovolframic) to phc xanh da tri
Bc sng xc nh: 750nm
Phn ng vi ninhydrin
Phn ng sorenxen vi HCHO
Nguyn tc ca phn ng xy ra tng t
nh i vi amino
Phn ng ny dng nh gi mc
thu phn ca protein
nh ngha:
iu kin mi trng thay i protein b
thay i hon ton v tnh cht l, ha cu
trc bc 2,3,4 b ph v (cu trc bc 1 gi
nguyn) protein b bin tnh
Khi bin tnh, protein b bin i:
Tnh ha tan + do l cc nhm k nc
Kh nng gi nc +
Mt hot tnh sinh hc
nhy vi enzyme proteaza|
nht ni ti|
Mt kh nng kt tinh
Phn loi:
Bin tnh thun nghch: sau bin
tnh, dng ban u ca protein
c phc hi
Bin tnh khng thun nghch:
sau bin tnh, protein khng th
khi phc trng thi ban u
15
Cc tc nhn gy bin tnh:
Tc nhn vt l
Nhit : lm dn mch phn t.
Tia cc tm: cc gc acid amin thm (Trp,
Tyr, Phe) hp th cc tia cc tm, lm thay
i hnh th ca phn t Protein v nu
mc nng lng ln s lm t gy
cc cu disunfua (-S-S-)
X l c hc: khi nho trn, cn, ko hoc
dn c lp i lp li nhiu ln to ra lc
ct cng lm bin tnh Protein.
Cc tc nhn gy bin tnh:
Tc nhn ho hc:
pH: to lc y tnh in gia cc nhm b
ion ho v lm gin mch cc phn t
Protein.
Cc ion kim loi: c bit l cc ion kim
loi chuyn tip (Cu, Fe, Hg, Ag) to phc
bn vi protein lm thay i cu hnh phn
t ( nhm -SH)
Cc dung mi hu c: thay i hng s
in mi ca mi trng, bin i cc lc
ht tnh in vn lm bn phn t protein
Phn loi protein
Da vo thnh phn ha hc 2 nhm
ln:
Protein n gin
Protein phc tp: phn protein + phn
phi protein (nhm ngoi)
Protein n gin
Nhn t bo Nhiu dung mi Protamin
Nhn t bo Acid long Histon
Ht la m Kim, acid long Glutelin
Ht ha tho Ru etylic 70% Prolamin
Hu ht cc loi thc vt dd mui long Globulin
Lng trng trng, cc
loi ht
Nc Albumin
S phn b ca protein Dung mi
ha tan
Nhm
protein
(Phn loi da vo tnh ha tan)
Protein phc tp
Kim loi Metaloprotein
H
3
PO
4
Photphoprotein
Cht mu Cromoprotein
Lipit Licoprotein
Gluxit Glucoprotein
Acid nucleic Nucleoprotein
Phn phi protein Nhm protein
(Phn loi da vo phn phi protein)
3.4. Cc qu trnh bin i protein trong gia
cng, ch bin thc phm v ng dng
Kh nng to gel ca protein
Kh nng to bt nho
Kh nng to mng
Kh nng nh ha
Kh nng to bt
Kh nng c nh mi
16
nh ngha ca s to gel:
Protein b bin tnh cu trc bc cao b
ph hy mch peptit b gin ra cc
nhm bn n pha trong xut hin cc
mch polipeptit tip xc v lin kt li
mng li khng gian 3 chiu v nh hnh,
rn, cha y pha phn tn (H
2
O)
n D
l aml anh hoac t0
D
t
N
t
n N
) (P nP nP ) (P
0 0

P
N
l protein t nhin ban u, P
D
l protein b bin tnh.
Cc lin kt to nn cu trc gel:
Lin kt hydrophop (k nc hay a bo),
n nh khi gel cng
Lin kt H gia nhm peptit, OH, COOH
lin kt yu, linh ng gel c do
nht nh, d b t khi gia nhit, ti lp
khi ngui
Lin kt tnh in
Lin kt disulfua gel rt chc v bn
iu kin to gel:
Nhit : gia nhit lm lnh
to nhiu lin kt hydro gel bn
Acid ha/kim ha nh: pH pI
Thm cht ng to gel: polysacarit gel
c cng v n hi cao hn
Kh nng to bt nho
Cc protein (gliadin v glutenin)
ca gluten bt m c kh nng to
hnh bt nho (paste) c tnh
c kt, do v gi kh cu trc
xp cho bnh m khi nng
Kh nng to mng
Protein nh gelatin c th to mng
nh cc lin kt hydro nn c tnh
thun nghch:
t > 30
0
C: tan chy
ngui: ti lp
Kh nng nh ha
Nh tng:
Nh tng = h phn tn ca hai cht
lng khng trn ln nhau (pha phn
tn + pha lin tc)
Nh tng l h khng bn nhit
ng hp git
17
Kh nng nh ha
Cc phng php lm bn h nh
tng:
Cho cc cht in ly v c cc git
tch in v y nhau
Thm cht hot ng b mt gim
sc cng b mt gia hai pha
Thm cht cao phn t ha tan c
trong pha lin tc nh polysacarit,
protein hp th vo b mt lin pha
Kh nng nh ha
Tc dng lm bn h nh tng ca
protein:
protein hp th vo b mt lin pha |
dy, nht, dn hi, cng ngn
hp git
Ngoi ra, s ion ha cc nhm bn ca
protein lc y tnh in lm cho nh
tng bn.
Kh nng to bt
Bt thc phm = h phn tn (bng
bt/cht lng hay cht bn rn), v d kem
p lnh, bt bia, bnh m
bt bn: mng mng bao quanh bng
bt phi n hi v khng thm kh khi
protein c hp th vo b mt lin pha
th s to ra c mt mng nh th
Cc cht to bt thc phm thng l
protein (lng trng trng, mu, protein ca
u tng)
Kh nng c nh mi
Protein hp ph cht c mi qua tng tc Van
der Waals, lin kt ng ha tr, lin kt tnh
in:
Cc hp cht bay hi c cc nh ru nh
vo protein bng lin kt hydro
Cc hp cht bay hi c M thp c nh vo
cc gc acid amin khng cc qua tng tc
k nc (a bo)
Mt s c lin kt ng ha trkhng thun
nghch (aldehit hay xeton vo nhm NH
2
/
protein, cht bay hi c nhm NH
2
vo nhm
COOH/protein)
3.5. Cc bin i ca protein trong
QTSX v bo qun thc phm
Bin i do nhit
Bin i do enzyme
Bin i do nhit
Gia nhit va phi (chn) protein bin tnh
v hot c t, cht km hm, enzyme
khng mong mun
Gia nhit kiu thanh trng (> 110 115
0
C)
mt phn Cys, Cysn b ph hy H
2
S,
dimetylsunfua, acid xisteic mi c trng
Gia nhit khan, t >200
0
C Trp b vng ha
o, |, cacbolin
18
Bin i do nhit
Gia nhit TP giu protein c pH trung tnh
hay kim t
0
cao (>200
0
C)
Thy phn lk peptit, raxemic +50% gt
dinh dng (phn D kh tiu ha)
Ph hy aa: Arg ornitin, ure, sitrulin,
NH
3
; Cys dehydroalanin
To cu ni ng ha tr gia cc chui
polypeptit
X l nhit tht/c t
0
>t
0
thanh trng cu
ng ha tr kiu izopeptit gia Lys v
Glu/Asp
Bin i do enzyme
Phn ng kh amin
Phn ng kh cacboxyl
Phn ng kh amin kh cacboxyl
Phn ng to mercaptan
Phn ng to scatol, indol, crezol, phenol
Phn ng to di-trimetylamin t cc lipoprotein
Phn ng to phosphin
Phn ng kh amin
R CH COOH + H
2
O
NH
2
R CH COOH + NH
3
OH
R CH COOH + H
2
NH
2
R CH
2
COOH + NH
3
Enzi m ca
VSV hi u kh
Phn ng kh cacboxyl
R CH COOH
NH
2
R CH
2
NH
2
+ CO
2
Phn ng kh amin kh cacboxyl
1) R CH COOH + O
2
NH
2
R CO COOH + NH
3
R CH COOH
OH
R CH
2
OH + CO
2
2) R CH COOH + H
2
O
NH
2
R CH COOH + NH
3
OH
R CO COOH
R CH = O + CO
2
Decacboxylaza
Phn ng to mercaptan
CH NH
2
+2H
COOH
+ CO
2
+ NH
3
CH
2
- SH
CH
3
CH
2
- SH
19
Phn ng to scatol, indol,
crezol, phenol
To scatol, indol:
triptophan + H
2
O acid indoloxypsopinic + NH
3
a.indoloxypsopinic +O
2
a. indolaxetic +H
2
O + CO
2
acid indolaxetic scatol + CO
2
scatol + 3/2 O
2
indol + H
2
O + CO
2
To crezol, phenol:
Phenylalanin crezol phenol
Phn ng to di-trimetylamin
t cc lipoprotein
Phn lipit sau khi tch t
lipoprotein s b chuyn ha thnh
cc di-trimetylamin
Phn ng to phosphin
Xy ra vi phosphoprotein v nucleprotein
c cha H
3
PO
4
:
H
3
PO
4
PH
3
+ 2O
2
Phosphin (PH
3
) l kh khng mu, mi
thi, rt c

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Protein

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1

ThS.Phm Hng Hiu Ha Sinh TP Bi 3: Protein 1

Cng thc cu to tng qut:

Prolin(Proline) Oxiprolin (Oxyproline)

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