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4.Mt s phng php xc nh sunfua.

4.1.Phng php th tch.


4.1.1.phng php chun bng it.[4],[15] Nguyn tc: da trn phn ng: I2 + S 2- 2I + S

Phn ng ny xy ra nh lng v c th p dng cho phn tch th tch. trnh sai s do H2S c th b mt i trong qu t nh chu n ng i ta th ng s dng ph ng php chu n ngc. Cch tin hnh: Thm chnh xc lng d dung dch I2 bit nng vo bnh phn ng cha dung dch sunfua yn trong bng ti 10 pht. T buret thm t t dung dch natrithiosunfat bit nng n khi dung dch c mu vng r m th thm 1ml dung dch h tinh b t 1% (dung dch chuyn xang mu xanh tm). Tip tc chu n cho n khi dung dch mt mu xanh th dng li. Ghi s ml Na2S2O3 dng. Lp li 3 ln ri ly kt qu trung bnh. Lng sunfua c tnh nh sau: Hm lng sunfua: = [(C1V1 Trong : C1: nng dung dch iot ban u(mol l). V1:th tch dung dch iot thm vo ban u(ml). C2: nng dung dch Na2S2O3 (mol l). V2: th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 chu n ht(ml). V0: th tch dung dch mu(ml).

0,5C2V2) V0].32.103 (mg l)

4.1.2.Chun bng hecxa xianoferat(III).[6] pH b ng 9 2 th hecxa xianoferat(III) oxi ho nh lng ion sunfua ti lu hunh. 2Fe(CN)63+ S2

2Fe(CN)62- +

Ng i ta iu chnh gi tr pH b ng dung dch m amni. Sunfit c mt trong dung dch c kt ta trc dng BaSO3. Ion thiosulfat khng gy cn tr .Trong ph ng php chu n ng i ta dng ch th oxi ho kh imtyl glioxim st(II) v ph ng php ny dng phn tch hn hp: Sunfua-Sunfit-thiosunfat. Dung dch cha sunfua d b oxi ho chm b ng oxi khng kh.Thng th ng oxi cha trong cha trong 50ml nc xi ho c 0 07 ml dung dch sunfua 0 1N. Do trnh sai s ng i ta chu n b thuc th pha trong nc si ngu i gim bt xi ho tan.

M U
Nc l m t thnh phn ca sinh quyn ng vai tr iu ho cc yu t kh hu t ai v sinh vt thng qua chu trnh vn ng ca n. Nc cn cha ng nhng tim nng khc nh m p ng nhng nhu cu a dng ca con ng i nh : trong sinh hot hng ngy trong ti tiu cho nng nghip trong sn xut cng nghip to ra in nng v nhiu thng cnh p Trn tri t cc i d ng chim din tch khong 361 triu km2. Tr lng ti nguyn nc c khong 1 5 t km3 trong khi vc nc n i a ch chim 91 triu km3 khong 6 1% trn ton a cu. Ti nguyn nc ngt cn cho s sng ca loi ng i ch chim 28 25 triu km3(b ng 1 88% thu quyn) nhng phn ln li dng ng bng. Trn thc t lng nc c th s dng c ch khong 4 2 triu km3. [2] . Cng vi s pht trin ca nn vn minh nhn loi nhu cu v nc ngy cng ln lng nc thi cng nghip cng nh nc thi sinh hot a vo cc ngun nc t nhin ngy cng gy nhim nghim trng nc b mt v mi tr ng . Ngun nc sch ngy cng cn kit n khng phi l ngun ti nguyn v tn nh trc y con ng i tng ngh. Nhng nm gn y nhn thc c vn cn phi s dng v bo v hp l ngun nc sch tr nn cp bch ca tt c cc nc trn th gii. nh gi cht lng ngun nc ng i ta da vo hng lot cc ch tiu c trng nh : trong c mi v kim axt hm lng cc cht v c v hu c c trong nc trong ch tiu v hm lng sunfual m t ch tiu quan trng. Trong bn kho lun ny nhim v ca chng ti l tin hnh nghin cu ph ng php trc quang xc nh sunfua trong nc ngm nh m gp phn nh gi cht lng cng nh mc nhim ca ngun nc.

Phn I: TNG QUAN 1. mt vi nt v cc hp cht sunfua.


1. 1. Trng thi t nhin ca lu hunh.
Lu hunh l nguyn t phi kim duy nht c bit n t th i thng c. N thu c nguyn t rt ph bin chim khong 0 03% tng s cc nguyn t ca v tri t. Trong t nhin n c th tn ti trng thi t do v ch yu tp trung cc vng c ni l a nh xixili Nht Bn Lin x v M l nhng nc c m ln lu hunh t do. Phn ln lu hunh tn ti trong thin nhin di dng hp cht ph bin nht l cc khong vt sunfua nh: pirit(FeS2), cancopirit (FeCuS2), galen (PbS) blen (ZnS) xinaba (HgS) pentlanit (Fe Ni Co)9S8, stiblit (Sb2S3) v

mt s khong vt sunfat nh: thch cao baritin selestintrong nc ca mt s sui khong trong thnh phn ca protein.[17]

1.2.ihiro sunfua (H2S).[1]


Phn t H2S c cu to t ng t nh phn t nc Gc lin kt : HS H l 92 2o di lin kt: S H l 1, 33AO M men lng cc : = 1, 02D Nhit si -60, 750C Nhit nng chy : -85, 60C Lu hunh c m in km h n oxi nn phn cc ca phn t H 2S km h n ca H2O do kh nng to thnh lin kt hiro gia cc phn t H2S yu h n so vi cc phn t nc. Bi vy iu kin th ng ihiro sunfua l m t cht kh kh ihiro sunfua khng mu c mi trng thi. Ch 0 1% kh ihiro sunfua trong khng kh gy nhim c nng. Khi ht phi ihiro sunfua c nng cao h n c th b ngt hoc cht v tc th. trng thi lng n cng t phn li ging nh nc nhng yu h n nhiu. Tch s ion ca ihiro sunfua lng l: T = [H [H3S +]. [HS-] = 3. 10 - 33 Trong khi tch s ion ca H20 l : T = [H3O+]. [OH-] = 10 - 14 ihiro sunfua c h ng s in mi b H2S lng l mt dung mi ging vi nc. Do cc tnh khng ln kh ihiro sunfua t tan trong nc (m t lt nc 200C ho tan 2, 67l kh H2S) nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c (m t lt ru etylic 20oC ho tan c gn 10 lt kh H2S). Dung dch nc ca ihiro sunfua l axt sunfuahiric m t axt hai nc v rt yu yu h n axt cacbonic. H2S + H2O = H30+ + HS k1=1, 10 - 7 H2S + H2O = H30+ + S - 2 k2=1, 10 - 14 ihiro sunfua to nn hai loi mui : mui hyro sunfua cha ion HS v mui sunfua cha anion S 2. So vi nc phn t H2S km bn nhit h n bt u phn hu 400 0C v phn hu hon ton 17000C. Bi vy tnh cht ho hc c trng ca ihiro sufua l kh rt mnh. N c th th chy trong khng kh cho ngn l a mu lam nht khi cho d oxi n bin thnh sunfuioxit . 2H2S + O2 2SO2 + 2H2O v thiu oxi n gii phng lu hunh t do 2H2S + 02 2S + 2H20 Li dng phn ng ny ng i ta thu hi lu hunh t kh ihiro sunfua c trong cc kh thi ca cc nh my b ng cch tr n nhng kh thi khng cn thit ri cho i qua cht xc tc (boxit) s ly c lu hunh t do.

Dung dch nc ca ihiro sunfua trong khng kh b c dn do b oxi ho bi oxi gii phng lu hunh. Vi halogen kali pemanganat kali icromat ihiro sunfua b oxi ho d dng nhit th ng gii phng lu hunh t do. 2KMnO4 + 5H2S + 3H2SO4 2MnSO4 + 5S + K2SO4 + 8 H2O I2 + H2S S + H2O Phn ng trn dng nh lng kh ihiro sunfua trong hn hp vi cc kh khc. Mt s vi khu n v rong oxi ho c ihiro sunfua thnh lu hunh v tch lu lu hunh li trong t bo ca chng. Nhit ca qu trnh oxi hony chnh l ngun nng lng sng ca nhmg vi sinh vt . Mt s vi khu n khc li c th bin sunfat thnh ihiro sunfua. Trong t nhin kh ihiro sunfua th ng xut hin mt s sui khong v trong kh thin nhin. N sinh ra khi nhng hp cht hu c cha lu hunh ca sinh vt b thi ra.[1] Trong cng nghip ihir sunfua l sn ph m ph ca qu trnh tinh ch du m v kh thin nhin. Trong phng th nghim n l m t ho cht thng dng v th ng c iu ch b ng t ng tc ca axt HCl H2SO4 long vi st (II) sunfua. FeS + 2 HCl FeCl2 + H2S Cng c th iu ch H2S b ng cch khc l un nng trn 7000C mt hn hp gm lu hunh bt parafin v aming theo t l khi lng l 3: 5: 2 khi ngu i phn ng ngng li khi un nng phn ng li tip din.[1]

1. 3 Mt s sunfua kim loi.[1]


Sunfua kim loi l sn ph m ho hp gia lu hunh vi kim loi. Lu hunh c m in b h n xi cho nn trong sunfua kim loi lin kt gia S v kim loi c tnh cht c ng ho tr nhiu h n so vi lin kt gia oxi v kim loi trong oxt. Cc kim loi kim v kim th l hp cht sunfua c cu to ion sunfua kim loi kim c mng li tinh th florit ngc cn sunfua kim loi kim th kiu mui n. Tt c chng u tan trong nc tr BeS c mng li tinh th kiu blen l khng tan. Trong dung dch ion S 2- chng b thu phn mnh cho mi tr ng kim: S - 2 + H20 HS + OH Nhm sunfua(Al2S3) cng c coi nh l hp cht sunfua ion n b thu phn hon ton to thnh hiroxt v H2S. Al2S3 + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S Sunfua ca cc kim loi khc c cu trc ca phn t c ng ho tr chng c th c cu trc mch thng nh: Pb2S3, Bi2S3cu trc lp nh TiS2, SnS2, MoS2,

PtS2 ZnS HgS. . . hu ht u t tan trong nc. Nhiu sunfua c tnh cht ca hp kim hoc ca cht bn dn nh FeS CoS NiS Mt s sunfua t ng tc vi sunfua kim loi kim v amoni to thnh mui thio tan c. As2S5 + 3NaS 2Na3AsS4 Da vo tan khc nhau ng i ta chia cc sunfua kim loi ra lm ba loi: - Sunfua khng tan trong nc nhng tan trong dung dch axt long nh:MnS FeS CoS NiS ZnS - Sunfua tan trong nc: Na2S, K2S, BaS, Al2S3, Cr2S3 - Sunfua khng tan trong nc v dung dch axt long nh: CuS Ag2S, CdS, HgS SnS PbS Ho hc phn tch nh tnh da vo s khc nhau v tan ca cc sunfua nh tnh cc ion kim loi theo ph ng php H2S. Sunfua kim loi kim v kim th u khng c mu. Nhiu sunfua khc c mu c trng : PbS CuS CoS v NiS c mu en CdS mu vng HgS mu ; MnS mu hng. i khi ng i ta cng da vo mu ca sunfua nhn ra cation kim loi trong dung dch . Cc sunfua kim loi c th iu ch theo mt s ph ng php : - Cho kim loi tc dng trc tip vi lu hunh Fe + S FeS - Sunfua kim loi kim v kim th c th iu ch b ng cch dng than kh sunfat nhit cao BaSO4 + 4C BaS + 4CO - Cc sunfua kim loi r tan cn c th iu ch b ng cn c th iu ch b ng cch cho kh ihiro sunfua dng vi dung dch kim: H2S + 2NaOH Na2S + 2H2O - Cc sunfua t tan ca kim loi nng c iu ch b ng cch cho dung dch amni sunfua tc dng vi mui ca kim loi: (NH4)2S + Pb(CH3COO)2 PbS + 2NH4CH3COO

2. Tc dng c hi ca mt s hp cht sunfua.


ihidro sunfua xut hin trong qu trnh s dng cc nhin liu hu c c cha lu hunh cc qu trnh tinh ch du m cc qu trnh ti sinh si hoc khu vc

ch bin thc ph m rc thi ca th do cc cht hu c b thi ra di tc dng ca vi khu n. ihiro sunfua cn sinh ra cc vt nt ni l a hm l khai thc than cng rnh ao t n i c cc ng thc vt b thi ra. [2]

2.1. nh hng ca ihiro sunfua i vi con ngi v thc vt.


Trong khng kh cha hm lng kh ihiro sunfua 0 1% gy nhim c nng thp khong 5ppm ihiro sunfua gy nhc u kh chu. nng ln h n 150ppm ihiro sunfua c th gy tn th ng mng nhy ca c quan h hp. nng cao khong 500ppm gy a chy vim phi v khi t ti nng khong 700 900 ppm ihiro sunfua nhanh chng xuyn qua mng ti phi v thm nhp vo mch mu c th gy t vong.[2] i vi thc vt ihiro sunfua lm tn th ng l cy rng l v gim kh nng sinh trng.

2.2. nh hng ca cacbon isunfua i vi sc kho con ngi.


Ngoi kh ihiro sunfua th khcacbon isunfua cng l m t loi kh c cho sc kho con ng i. Triu chng ca ng i b nhim c CS 2 th ng xuyn mt mi. Nghim trng l tm l ri lon c th b m v bi lit. nng cao h n gy in lon hn m c quan h hpkhng lm vic c khng lm vic c Khi tip xc th ng xuyn vi cacbon isunfua nng 30- 60 ppm s cm thy sc kho b yu dn au u ng gt. nng khong 300ppm tip xc trong vi gi s b au u m mt nghng ngng. nng 20003000ppm trong 30 pht gy hn m. Nng ti a cho php ca cacbon isunfua trong khng kh l 20 ppm. Ngoi tc dng c hi i vi sc kho con ng i ihiro sunfua cn gy ra hin tng n mn trong cng nc thi kh ihiro sunfua tch t li cc hc trn b mt nhm ca ng dn v c th b xi ho sinh hc thnh H 2S04, axt ny s n mn ng ng v lm thng ng dn.[15]

2.3. Tc dng c hi ca sunfuixit v cacbonylsunfua n sc kho con ngi v ng vt.


Ng i b nhim c sunfuixit(SO2) cm thy kh th c quan h hp b kch thch. Mi ng i c th pht hin c SO2 khong nng 3- 5

ppm. nng 20 ppm mt b kch nng 10 ppm gy ho. c bit nng 200ppm trong 1pht mt b kch thch v nh hng n mng t bo ca mi hng v phi. Nng gii hn an ton ti a cho php l 10ppm. Kh cacbonylsunfua(COS) cng l mt trong nhng kh c . Khi b nhim c COS phi v h thn kinh b tn th ng v c th l nguyn nhn dn n cht ng i do khng th th c. Ng i ta th nghim trn chu t kt qu cho thy nng 400 ppm chu t c th sng c 15 pht. Chu t b cht nng 6000ppm sau 50 pht tip xc.[16]

3. Mt s phng php loi kh H2S.


3. 1. Phng php x l H2S bng cch xy ho hp ph.[10],[11],[12]
Nguyn l: Ph ng php ny da vo th oxi ho kh ca mt s cht xi ho mnh nh : Hiropeoxit(H202), clo(Cl2), mangan oxit(Mn02) c th xi hoihiro sunfua thnh lu hunh hoc sunfat. Qa trnh ny cng b nh hng bi mi tr ng. vng pH cao s c xu hng to thnh sunfat cn trong vng pH thp th kh nng chuyn thnh lu hunh cao h n. Ph ng php x l ny c tin hnh trong thp phun. Kh c a t di ln ri cho tip xc vi dung dch xi ho phun t trn xung. Khi tip xc vi nhau th kh H2S b xi ho thnh lu hunh v c a ra ngoi ng cui thp. Kh thi sch i ln pha trn thp. S thit b x l hnh 1.

C1: nng dung dch iot ban u(moll). V1: th tch dung dch iot thm vo ban u(ml). C2: nng dung dch Na2S2O3 (moll). V2: th tch dung dch Na2S2O3 chu n ht(ml).

V0: th tch dung dch mu(ml). 4. 1. 2. Chun bng hecxa xianoferat(III).[6] pH b ng 9 2 thhecxa xianoferat(III) oxi ho nh lng ion sunfua ti lu hunh. 2Fe(CN)63- + S2 2Fe(CN)62- + S Ng i ta iu chnh gi tr pH b ng dung dch m amni. Sunfit c mt trong dung dch c kt ta trc dng BaSO3. Ion thiosulfat khng gy cn tr . Trong ph ng php chu n ng i ta dng ch th oxi ho kh imtyl glioxim st(II) v ph ng php ny dng phn tch hn hp: Sunfua-Sunfit-thiosunfat. Dung dch cha sunfua d b oxi ho chm b ng oxi khng kh. Thng th ng oxi cha trong cha trong 50ml nc xi ho c 0 07 ml dung dch sunfua 0 1N. Do trnh sai s ng i ta chu n b thuc th pha trong nc si ngu i gim bt xi ho tan.

4.2. Phng php kt ta.[6]


Ph ng php ny c bn da trn vic to nhng hp cht sunfua kh tan ca cc ion Ag+, Hg2+, Cd2+ , Zn2+... 4. 2. 1. Mui bc. Mc kt ta Ag2S mnh hay yu ph thu c vo pH ca mi tr ng. Thng th ng khi chu n ng i ta tin hnh trong mi tr ng c kim ho. Cho mt lng d chnh xc mui bc vo dung dch sunfua khi Dng cc cht oxi ho mnh nh H2O2 oxi ho hon ton S2- thnh SO42-Sau kt ta b ng dung dch BaCl2 trong mi tr ng axt. Tin hnh: oxi ho dung dch sunfua b ng dung dch H2O2 trong mi tr ng NH3 chuyn S2- thnh SO42-. Axt ha dung dch thu c b ng HCl sau thm t t dung dch BaCl2 vo cho ti kt ta hon ton thm khong 10 ml BaCl 2 na. Ghi s ml BaCl2 thm vo bnh phn ng. un nng kt ta n khong 90 yn kt ta khong 60 pht sau lc gn kt ta trn giy lc bng xanh r a sch kt ta nhiu ln b ng nc nng. Chuyn giy lc c kt ta vo vo chn nung sy kh sau chuyn chn nung vo l nung trong khong nhit 80009000C gi trong 1gi . ngu i cn xc nh khi lng kt ta. T tnh c tng lng sunfua c trong mu. Ph ng php ny cho php xc nh tng lng sunfua c trong mu.[4][7]

4. 4. Chun in th s dng in cc chn lc ion sunfua.[6],[7],[8]

Mc d Ag+ c dng chu n dung dch sunfua nhng ng chu n c dng khng i xng v im t ng ng khng trng im un ca ng cong chu n . M t vi tc gi tin hnh chu n th c nh 50 mV vi dung dch m natri axetat 0 1M. S dng in cc ch th AgAg2S in cc so snh l in cc calomen bo ho KCl 0 1M . kt qu phn tch chnh xc cn phi loi oxi. Thng th ng ng i ta khng dng dung dch m v n kh ion Ag + tiAg kim loi v kt qu thu c s khng chnh xc. S c mt ca mt s cht khc trong dung dch c kh nng to phc hoc to mui t tan vi ion Ag + c bit l ion CN- hocmt lng nh ion I- gy cn tr. Khi s dng ion Cd2+ hay Pb2+ chu n ion sunfua ng chu n thu c l i xng. Ion Cd2+ v Pb2+ khng s dng dung dch m do khng cn thit phi loi oxi ho tan. chu n dung dch sunfua rt long ng i ta dng mui cadimi. Qu trnh chu n nh sau: R a in cc b ng nc v lau kh b ng giy lau in cc trong cc 100ml c cha V (ml) mu phn tch nhng in cc vo dung dch phn tch. Nng ca cht chu n(mol/l) phi gp 10 ln nng sunfua trong dung dch phn tch. Thm t t 0 5 ml dung dch cht chu n vo dung dch phn tch n khi c gi tr th khng i th ghi gi tr ny v gi tr trn burt. Tip tc thm 0 5ml dung dch cht chu n cn li mi ln ghi gi tr th tng dn E i ng vi gi tr Vi t ng ng. Khi n gn th tch t ng ng th thm t t tng 0 5ml dung dch chu n khi n gn im cui th thay i nhanh th thm tng 0 02 ml. Sau khi vt qua im cui li thm tng 0 5 ml . Qa trnh chu n kt thc sau khi thm d 3040% dung dch chu n. T cc gi tr th o c ng vi th tch dung dch chu n. V th biu din mi quan h E- V. Cui cng xc nh th tch t ng ng V0 theo im un trn ng cong chu n . Khi chu n nng sunfua 30 gl n 3mgl. i vi mu thc t sai s mc phi l 2%. Khi chu n b ng mui ch c mt 105 - 106 ln(theo nng iongmol) ca halogen SO32-, SCN- , S2O32- , so vi nng S2- cng gy cn tr.

4.5. Phng php trc quang.


4.5.1. Phng php o c ca sunfua t tan.[6] Tch H2S v hp thu n b ng dung dch NaOH sau thm thuc th thch hp nhn c sunfua kim loi c mu c trng dung dch thu c em so mu vi dy mu chu n chu n b trc. T suy ra nng c trong dung dch. Ph ng php ny thch hp cho phn tch nh tnh v hin tr ng. 4.5.2. Phng php trc quang xc nh sunfua.[15]

Nguyn tc: Anion sunfua trong mi tr ng axt c phn ng vi thuc th N N-imetyl-p-phenyleniamin khi c mt Fe3+.

Hnh3: Ph hp th cc dung dch phc mu. {1} [ S ] = 0, 164.10 - 4M . {2} [ S2-] = 0, 246 . 104-M. {3}- [ S2-] = 0, 318 . 104-M. Qua th chng ti tm c bc sng m mt quang ca dung dch t cc i l : 664 nm Cc gi tr max ca 3 dung dch gn nh trng nhau. Cc th nghim sau khi o hp th quang u c o bc sng = 664 nm.
2-

2.2. Kho st nh hng ca thi gian n qu trnh to phc mu.


Tin hnh 3 th nghim trong bnh nh mc 50 ml : TN1: Ly 1ml dung dch H2SO4 3M 1 ml thuc th 4 0.10 3M 0 2 ml dung dch S2- 4, 1.10 - 3 cui cng thm 1ml Fe3+0,231M. TN2: Ly 1ml dung dch H2SO4 3M 1 ml thuc th 4 0.10 3M 0 25 ml dung dch S2- 4, 1.10 - 3 M v 1ml Fe3+ 0,231M. S a = 1, 57.10 - 4 Da = t(p, f). S a : Db =t(p,f). Sb Vi P = 0 95: f = 5 - 2 = 3 tra bng tm gi tr t:

t = 3, 18

Da Db

= 0, 005 = 0, 007

Vy ph ng trnh ng chu n y c dng: Ai = (0, 0136 0, 005) + (0, 487 0, 007)Ci T ph ng trnh hi quy c th tm c gi tr nng sunfua nh nht xc nh c theo ph ng php ny nh sau: Cmin = (Da + x.Db )/ (b +Db )= 0, 02 (mg/l).

5.p dng phng php trc quang xc nh hm lng sunfua trong mt s mu.
5.1. Chun b trc khi ly mu.[8] - Cc loa mu ly : tu thu c vo mc ch ca vic phn tch m ng i ta s dng cch ly mu m t ln hay hng lot. i vi mu nc ngm su di lng t c thnh phn n nh nn chn cch ly mu m t ln. - Chu n b chai ly mu: Cc chai ly mu b ng polyetylen c trng r a c n thn qua cc cng on sau: R a chai b ng x phng trng li b ng nc th ng sau r a b ng dung dch HCl 1: 1 tip theo l r a b ng nc th ng v trng li nhiu ln b ng nc ct.

- Nu ly mu ging khoan khi b m ln cn cho b m hot ng trong mt th i gian loi hon ton nc c sau tin hnh ly mu. - Trc khi chuyn mu vo chai cn trng li nhiu ln b ng nc ging . i vi mu sunfua: cn ly mu vo chai c nt y v np chp lng sunfua khng b thay i ng i ta thm vo mu 10 ml dung dch Cadimi hay Zn(CH3COO)2 10% trong mt lt mu. y chng ti la chn cch bo qun b ng dung dch Zn(CH3COO)2 10%. 5.2. Ly mu v xc nh hm lng sunfua c trong mu. Sau khi chu n b dng c ho cht ly v bo qun chng ti tin hnh phn tch mt s mu c th sau: Ngy ly mu: 16. 5 2002
mu

a m H By Mu H Thin Quang H Hon Kim

ngy gi 7 gi 50 pht _16 5 2002 8 gi 10 pht _16 5 2002 13 gi _ ngy 16 5 2002

1 2 3

Trnh t phn tch: Ly 20 ml dung dch sau khi c axt ho b ng dung dch HCl long v lc qua giy lc vo cc bnh nh mc 50 ml. Thm 2 ml axt H2S04 3M; 0 9 ml dung dch thuc th 4 0.10 - 3 thm nhng lng xc nh [S2-] bit nng theo th t tng dn 0 0. 2 0. 4 0. 6 0. 8 , 1 (mg/l) thm tip 1 ml dung dch Fe3+ 0 231 M. Sau 25 pht tin hnh phn ng thm 2 ml dung dch (NH4)2HPO4 1 89 M nh mc v o mt quang bc sng 664 nm. Kt qu thu c bng 11. Bng 11 : Kt qu hp th quang ca cc dung dch b ng ph ng php thm i vi h by mu.
A2 A3 0, 188 0, 194 0, 299 0, 305 0, 402 0, 409 0, 497 0, 493 0, 593 0, 595 0, 698 0, 702

Biu din cc kt qu trn th hnh 14:

Hnh 9: ng chu n xc nh sunfua trong nc h By Mu. T cc kt qu thc nghim v b ng ph ng php ngoi suy chng ti tm

c nng [S2-] c trong mu bng 12. Bng 12: Kt qu mu phn tch h By Mu:
A 1 2 3 C 0, 925 0, 901 0, 923 C - C1 0, 006 - 0, 019 0, 015 S - 2= 7, 22.10 - 4 Sf = 0, 027 0, 919 0, 049

Mu

im ly mu

Ngy, gi ly mu Hm lng S2Khng pht hinc Khng pht hinc Khng pht hinc 0, 576 0, 034 14, 3 0, 059 0, 395 0, 017

7 gi 30 pht Ging khoan nh ng Nguyn v Su ngy 20. 5. 2002 s 78 Vnh Tuy HBT - HN Ging khoan nh b : V th Lin s 7 gi 50 pht 65 t 67 Vnh Tuy HBT - HN ngy 20. 5. 2002 Ging khoan nh ng L vn Th 13 gi 30 pht s 5 - t 67B Vnh Tuy HBT - HN ngy 20. 5. 2002 H hai b - ph ng ng Nhn HBT_ HN Sng Kim Ngu - HN 7 gi 30 pht ngy22. 5. 2002 8 gi ngy 22. 5. 2002 12 gi 30 pht ngy 22. 5. 2002

Ging khoan nh ng: Nguyn vn Ho Ph ng Qunh Li_ HN Ging nh ng: L vit Hng Ph ng Qunh Li_ HN

10

13 gi 0, 346 0, ngy 22. 5. 2002 021

KT LUN
1. nghin cu cciu kin ti u xc nh S 2- theo ph ng php ny l: - Ph hp th ca phc mu t cc i = 664 nm. - Th i gian phn ng to phc hon ton l 25 pht. - Th t thm cc cht phn ng: Axt H2SO4, thuc th sunfua. Sau khi phn ng khong 25 pht th thm (NH4)2HPO4. 2. nghin cunh hng ca mt s ion c mt trong nc gy nh hng n phc mu. - Dng (NH4)2HPO4 che mu Fe3+ d sau khi phn ng to phc xy ra hon ton. - Ion N02-, S032-, Fe2+ l mt trong cc ion nh hng m n phc mu. 3. Khong tuyn tnh xc nh sunfua t 0 02 n 1 mg/l. Trong khong tuyn tnh ph ng trnh ng chu n biu din s ph thu c gia mt quang A v nng sunfua l: Ai = (0, 0136 0,005) + (0, 487 0, 007)[S2-] lch chu n: S f =0, 004 h s t ng quan: r = 0, 986 4.p dng quy trnh nghin cu xc nh S2- trong mt s mu: - Mt s mu nc ging ph ng Vnh Tuy cho kt qu nh h n gii hn pht hin cn mt s ging ph ng Qunh Li cho thy c sunfua trong nc ngm trong vng ny. Tuy nhin , c th thy r ng hm lng sunfua trong nc ngm ph thu c nhiu vo a cht v nhng yu t khc ca vng ... Trong khi hm lng sunfua c trong mt s h v sng quanh thnh ph HN vt qua gii hn cho php rt nhiu l c tht. V vy cn c nhng cng

trnh nghin cu nh gi mc nhim sunfua t cc nh cng ngh tm ra ph ng n x l gp phn khc phc ci to s nhim .

Ti liu tham kho.

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