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This article has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text article. 2010 Phys. Educ. 45 453 (http://iopscience.iop.org/0031-9120/45/5/F01) View the table of contents for this issue, or go to the journal homepage for more
Download details: IP Address: 150.214.76.200 The article was downloaded on 26/12/2010 at 19:13
Frontline
Where teachers share ideas and teaching solutions with the wider physics teaching community: e-mail ped@iop.org
resonance
Figure 1. The experimental set-up that is used to demonstrate tuned magnetic induction. voltage by deflection of its needle. Other versions of this demonstration may include changing the orientation of the coil when the magnet is fixed. To extend this demonstration to include tuned magnetic induction, a frequency generator, two hand-turned coils, a 1.09 F capacitor and an LED (or LED array) are required (figure 1). Demonstration of induction is accomplished by driving one coil with the frequency generator and monitoring the second coil, which is part of a parallel LC circuit. (For the demonstration described here, a Wavetek Meterman FG3C function generator is operated at full amplitude.) Detection of the induced voltage is accomplished by placing an LED and/or an oscilloscope across the capacitor and monitoring one or both. The first coil is driven with a Wavetek function generator whose output impedance is 50 . The output voltage of the generator is 4.1 V (rms); the resistance R of the coil is 0.3 and its inductive reactance at 4.4 kHz is approximately 33 . A current of 0.12 A is delivered to the coil under these conditions. The presence of an induced voltage in the second coil shows that magnetic induction is occurring. Moreover, an observed peak in induced voltage in the second coil versus driving frequency demonstrates the existence of resonance. From the frequency at which a maximum voltage occurs, the inductance of the second coil can be readily
P h ysic s E ducat ion
453
Frontline obtained from 42f 2LC = 1. The inductance in our circuit is found to be approximately 1.2 mH for a resonance frequency of 4.4 kHz. The demonstration described here is introduced by an interactive lecture demonstration. As an example, students are introduced to the equipment and general set-up. An initial question generally focuses on what will happen when a changing (oscillating) voltage is applied to the first coil. After students respond, an oscillating voltage is applied to the first coil while the second coil is monitored as described above. After observing the induced voltage, the next question asks whether or not the frequency of applied voltages in the first coil affects induced voltages in the second coil. Following responses and discussions with neighbours, the first coil is driven at various frequencies while the second coil is connected to an LED. When the driving frequency of the first coil matches the resonance frequency of the LC circuit, the LED is fully illuminated (figure 1). When the driving frequency is slightly off resonance the LED is not illuminated. Thus, students clearly observe the phenomenon of resonance in a new context. Additional related activities might include determining the inductance of the second coil, discussing wireless energy transfer and figuring out how transformers work. Reference [1] Mak S Y 2000 From electromagnetic induction to electromagnetic radiation The Physics Teacher 38 428 Matthew Luczak and Blane Baker Department of Physics, William Jewell College, Liberty, MO, USA (e-mail bakerb@william.jewell.edu)
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September 2010