AS 1101.

61989

Australian Standard
Graphical symbols for general engineering Part 6: Process measurement control functions and instrumentation

This Australian Standard was prepared by Committee ME/72, Technical Drawing. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 20 February 1989 and published on 18 August 1989.

The following interests are represented on Committee ME/72: Association of Computer Aided Design Association of Consulting Engineers, Australia Australian Chamber of Commerce Australian Gas Association Bureau of Steel Manufacturers of Australia Concrete Institute of Australia Confederation of Australian Industry Construction and Housing Association, Australia CSIRO, Division of Applied Physics Department of Administrative Services Department of Defence Department of Property and Services, Vic. Electricity Supply Association of Australia Institute of Draftsmen, Australia Institute of Industrial Arts Institution of Engineers, Australia Institution of Production Engineers Public Works Department, N.S.W. Royal Australian Institute of Architects Society of Automotive Engineers, Australasia Telecom Australia University of Melbourne University of New South Wales University of Queensland

Review of Australian Standards. To keep abreast of progress in industry, Australian Standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editi ons as necessary. It is important therefore that Standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edit ion, and any amendments thereto. Full detail s of all Australi an Standards and related publications wil l be found in the Standards Australia Catalogue of Publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine The Australi an Standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editi ons and amendments, and of withdrawn Standards. Suggesti ons for improvements to Australian Standards, addressed to the head off ice of Standards Australia, are welcomed. Noti fi cati on of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an Australi an Standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.

This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 87178.

AS 1101.61989

Australian Standard
Graphical symbols for general engineering Part 6: Process measurement control functions and instrumentation

First publi shed as AS 1101.61989.

PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA) 1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW 2140
ISBN 0 7262 5563 7

AS 1101.61989

PREFACE
This Standard was prepared by the Standards Australia Committee on Technical Drawing to provide a universal means of communication between the various interests involved in the design, manufacture, installation, and operation of measurement and control equipment used in the process industries. Requirements within the industries vary considerably and, in recognition of this, this Standard sets out basic requirements for symbols, directed towards the needs of those whose prime interest is in basic measurement and control functions. The Standard is based on ISO 3511/1, Process measurement control functions and instrumentation Symbolic representation, Part 1: Basic requirements; ISO 3511/2, Process measurement control functions and instrumentationSymbolic representation, Part 2: Extension of basic requirements; and ISO 3511/4, Industrial process measurement control functions and instrumentationSymbolic representation, Part 4: Basic symbols for process computer, interface and shared display/control functions. Various changes and additions have been incorporated based on Instrument Society of America Standards and industry practices in Australia. In particular, the flow symbols specified in ISO 3511/1, ISO 3511/2, and ISO 3511/4 were considered too large for graphical display. The symbols are not intended to replace graphical symbols for equipment as specified in other Australian Standards. This Standard has been developed to stand alone without the need for significant reference to other Standards and, for this reason, duplicates some symbols already shown in other Standards in the AS 1101 series.

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Users of Standards are reminded that copyri ght subsists in all Standards Australi a publications and soft ware. Except where the Copyri ght Act all ows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by Standards Austr alia may be reproduced, stored in a retri eval system in any form or transmitt ed by any means without pri or permission in wri ti ng fr om Standards Australi a. Permission may be conditi onal on an appropriate royalt y payment. Requests for permission and information on commercial soft ware royalti es should be dir ected to the head off ice of Standards Australi a. Standards Australi a wil l permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a Standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the Standard without payment of a royalty or advice to Standards Austr alia. Standards Australi a wil l also permit the inclusion of its copyri ght material in computer soft ware programs for no royalt y payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs. Care should be taken to ensure that material used is fr om the current editi on of the Standard and that it is updated whenever the Standard is amended or revised. The number and date of the Standard should therefore be clearly identif ied. The use of material in pri nt form or in computer soft ware programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. This policy may be vari ed by Standards Austr alia at any ti me.

Copyri ght

AS 1101.61989

CONTENTS
Page SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SIZE OF SYMBOLS AND DRAWING PRACTICE ORIENTATION OF SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ... . .. ... ... . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. ... .. . ... ... .... . ... .... ... . .... .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . ... . .. . .... . ... 4 4 4 4 5 5

SECTION 2. CODES AND ABBREVIATIONS 2.1 2.2 IDENTIFYING CODE FOR INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS (TAG NUMBER) . . . . . . ABBREVIATIONS FOR POWER SUPPLY AND PURGE FLUID SUPPLIES . . . . . 6 6

SECTION 3. SYMBOLS TABLE 3.1 TABLE 3.2 TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE TABLE 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 TYPES OF LINE AND INSTRUMENT LINE SYMBOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 DIRECTION OF FLOW, CROSSINGS AND JUNCTIONS OF INSTRUMENT SIGNALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 POINT OF MEASUREMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 BASIC SYMBOLS FOR COMPUTER-BASED FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . 12 BASIC SYMBOLS FOR SHARED DISPLAY/CONTROL FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 INTERLOCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 CORRECTING ELEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 BASIC ACTUATING ELEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 BASIC ACTUATORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 EXAMPLES OF CORRECTING UNITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 FLOW PRIMARY ELEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 LEVEL INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 PRESSURE REGULATORS, SELF-ACTUATED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 SIGNAL MODIFIERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 BINARY LOGIC, ACTION OF BINARY SIGNALS ON ANALOG SIGNALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

SECTION 4. EXAMPLES OF USE 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 INDICATING, RECORDING, AND ALARM FUNCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLIND TRANSMITTERS (NEITHER INDICATING NOR RECORDING) . . . . . . . AUTOMATIC CONTROLLERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . INTEGRATING INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MULTIPLE DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MULTIPOINT INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MULTIVARIABLE DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RATIO CONTROL INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CASCADE CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MULTIVARIABLE CONTROL SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PROGRAM CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . TIME-CYCLE OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HAND OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SONIC LEVEL ELEMENT AND TRANSMITTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON-OFF VALVE SYMBOLISM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . COMPLEX INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . LOOPS WITH COMMON ITEMS GIVEN A SEPARATE LOOP NUMBER . . . . . COMPLEX CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MULTIPLE INSTRUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SHARED DISPLAY/CONTROL EXAMPLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MOTOR CONTROL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 34 34 36 36 36 37 39 39 41 42 42 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 50 52

AS 1101.61989

STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Australian Standard Graphical symbols for general engineering Part 6: Process measurement control functions and instrumentation SECTION 1. SCOPE AND GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE. This Standard specifies symbols and an identifying code system for depicting instruments, instrumentation systems, process computers and shared display/control functions in the field of process measurement and control in the process industries. 1.2 APPLICATION. The symbols given in this Standard are intended for adoption by draftpersons and instrument specialists in the preparation and interpretation of technical drawings and diagrams for the purpose of conveying technical information. The symbols are intentionally limited to identification on process flow diagrams, piping and instrument diagrams, etc. and do not provide means of illustrating specific instruments or parts thereof. 1.3 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 1100 Technical drawing 1100.101 Part 101: General principles 1100.501 Part 501: Structural engineering drawing 1101 Graphical symbols for general engineering 1101.5 Part 5: Piping, ducting and mechanical services for buildings 1109 Graphical symbols for process flow diagrams for the food industry 1.4 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 1.4.1 Actuating element that part of a correcting unit which adjusts the correcting element in response to a signal from the controller.
NOTE: Actuati ng elements are also known as actuators.

1.4.6 Correcting element that part of a correcting unit which directly adjusts the value of the operating conditions. 1.4.7 Correcting unit the unit comprising those elements (actuating and correcting) which adjust the operating conditions in response to a signal from the controller. 1.4.8 Distributed control system (DCS) a system for process control purposes which, while being functionally integrated, consists of subsystems which may be physically separated and remotely located from one another. These subsystems are normally connected by a communication link (e.g. data bus). 1.4.9 Instrument a device or combination of devices used directly or indirectly to measure, display, or control a variable. This term does not apply to internal components of the instruments, e.g. resistor or receiver bellows. 1.4.10 Locally mounted instrument an instrument that is mounted adjacent to the point of measurement. 1.4.11 Local panel any panel mounted in the field (either adjacent to or remote from the point of measurement). 1.4.12 Loop a combination of one or more interconnected instruments arranged to measure or control a process variable. 1.4.13 Point of measurement the point in the process at which a measurement is or may be made. 1.4.14 Primary element the element or device which generates conditions in the measured variable that may be detected by a sensing element.
NOTE: A pri mary element may also be a sensing element.

1.4.2 Alarm a device which is intended to attract attention to a defined abnormal condition by means of a discrete audible signal or visible signal, but which does not itself institute corrective action. 1.4.3 Configurable indicates the capability of the system to allow the user to select from preprogrammed functions (modular software units) those which are necessary to accomplish a control strategy or other complex functions, without the use of computer language. 1.4.4 Control panel a panel mounted in a main plant or control room receiving information from several plant areas and providing an operator interface. 1.4.5 Converter a transducer which responds to an instrument signal and changes its form.

1.4.15 Process computer Programmable device which operates on-line in real time on primarily sensing-element-based process data, to perform user specifiable supervision or control functions (or both). 1.4.16 Programmable indicates the capability of the system to accept instructions in computer language given by the user for performing control strategies or complex functions. 1.4.17 Remote mounted instrument an instrument that is mounted at a distance from the point of measurement, and may be mounted in either a local panel or control panel. 1.4.18 Sensing element the element directly responsive to the value of the measured variable.

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1.4.19 S h ared d isp lay/sh ared c o n trol system System in which shared functions, such as display, control, and communication of process data, are shared in time, i.e. time-shared functions. These functions are generally accomplished by devices containing preprogrammed algorithms which are user-accessible, configurable, and connectable to perform a given control strategy or function. 1.4.20 Tag number the unique set of identifying letters and numbers allocated to each functional element of a loop. 1.4.21 Transducer an element or device which receives information in the form of one physical quantity and converts it to information in the form of the same or any other physical quantity. 1.4.22 Transmitter a transducer which responds to a process variable by means of a sensing element, and converts it to a standard transmission signal which is a function only of the measurement. 1.5 SIZE OF SYMBOLS AND DRAWING PRACTICE. Precise dimension and properties of graphical symbols are difficult to specify. The symbols of this Standard have been drawn to a size convenient for publication and comprehension. The

size of symbols used will depend on the size and detail required in the drawing, but the relative proportions of the symbols should be maintained. For instruments, computer-based functions, and shared displays/control functions, one key dimension should be used to form the symbol, i.e. the same dimension for the diameter, side, diagonal, or across the flats for the circle, square, diamond, or hexagon. The key dimension is chosen to provide adequate space for the function identifying letters and loop number to be located within the symbol. Where it is desirable or necessary to vary the proportions or relative size to give a symbol prominence or for space limitations or other appropriate reason, the degree of variation shall be such that the symbol remains unique and readily recognizable. Where it is the intention to reduce the size of the drawing on reproduction, the symbols including letters etc. shall be enlarged proportionally. Drawing practices used for linework and lettering shall comply with AS 1100.101. 1.6 ORIENTATION OF SYMBOLS. Unless otherwise specified, the orientation of a symbol may be different from that given in Section 3 without changing the meaning.

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SECTION 2. CODES AND ABBREVIATIONS

2.1 IDENTIFYING CODE FOR INSTRUMENT FUNCTIONS (TAG NUMBER). 2.1.1 Tag number. The identification of an instrument shall be defined by a letter and loop number code contained within the instrument function symbol. This code shall be constructed on the following basis (see Table 2.1): (a) The first letter shall denote the measured or initiating variable, and shall be in accordance with Column 2 of Table 2.1, but should be modified, if necessary, by the addition of a letter in accordance with Column 3 therein. (b) Succeeding letters shall be in accordance with Column 4 of Table 2.1. (c) Where there are two or more succeeding letters, they shall be placed one after the other, in sequence I R C T Q S Z A. The letter I may be omitted for a self-indicating recorder. (d) The allocated loop number should be unique and common to other instruments or instrument devices of the loop. (e) A suffix may be added to identify replicated devices in the loop. (f) A prefix may be added to identify plant areas. 2.1.2 Qualifying letters. Where it is required to denote HIGH or LOW, the qualifying letters H or L may be used in association with the symbol. Other letters may be used, e.g. for middle. 2.1.3 Position of qualifying letters. Qualifying letters, where used, may be placed inside the symbol, or outside the symbol and adjacent to it. 2.1.4 Position of function-identifying letters. Function-identifying letters shall be placed inside the symbol and, for panel-located equipment, above the horizontal line.

2.1.5 Position of loop number. If required, the loop number shall be shown inside the symbol. The number shall be below the identifying letters and, for panel-located equipment, below the horizontal line.

2.2 ABBREVIATIONS FOR POWER SUPPLY AND PURGE FLUID SUPPLIES. The following abbreviations are suggested to denote the types of power supply: AS Air supply ES Electric supply GS Gas supply HS Hydraulic supply NS Nitrogen supply SS Steam supply WS Water supply These designations may also be applied for purge fluid supplies. The power supply level may be added to the instrument supply line, e.g. AS 100 means a l00-kilopascal air supply; ES 24DC means a 24-volt direct current supply.
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TABLE 2.1 LETTER CODE FOR IDENTIFICATION OF INSTRUMENT FUNCTION

1 Lett er A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 2 First letter* (measured or init iati ng variable) Analysis Burner, fl ame Densit y All electri cal vari ables Flowrate Gauging positi on or length Hand (manually init iated) operated Time or time program Level Moisture or humidit y Users choice Users choice Pressure or vacuum Radiation Speed or fr equency Temperature Mult ivariable Vibration Weight or force Unclassifi ed vari ables, e.g. T.V. camera Users choice 3 Modifi er* Diff erence Rati o Scan Users choice Integrate or totalize 4 Succeeding lett er* (display or output function) Alarm State or status display Control Sensing element Glass High (alarm) Indicati ng Barr ier Low (alarm) Users choice Users choice Test point connecti on Intergrati ng or summati ng Recording Swit ching Transmit ti ng Mult if unction unit Valve, damper, louvre, actuati ng element, unspecifi ed corr ecti ng unit Well s Cathode ray tube, etc Computing relay, relay Emergency or safety acting

* Upper case letters should be used throughout, but, for modif iers alone, lower case letters may be used if this facil it ates understanding. A note shall be added outside the circle to specify the property measured. Including any integral protecti on of the sensiti ve port ion, e.g. a diaphragm and capil lary system in a sealed system or mechanical protection of the sensing element. Where a user has a requir ement for measured or init iati ng vari ables to which letters have not been allocated and are required for repetit ive use on a part icular contr act, the letters allocated to User s choice may be used provided that they are identif ied or defi ned for a part icular measured or init iati ng vari able and reserved for that vari able. Where a user has a requirement for a measured or initi ating variable that may be used either once or to a limit ed extent, the lett er X may be used provided that it is suitably identi fi ed or defi ned. The letter U may be used instead of a seri es of fi rst lett ers where a multi plicit y of inputs representi ng dissimil ar vari ables feed into a single unit .

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SECTION 3. SYMBOLS
TABLE 3.1 TYPES OF LINE AND INSTRUMENT LINE SYMBOLS

* Does not conform to ISO. A typical distance between quali fi ers is 25 mm.

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Examples of application:

NOTE: Instr ument symbols are drawn in a thin line.

TABLE 3.2 DIRECTION OF FLOW, CROSSINGS, AND JUNCTIONS OF INSTRUMENT SIGNALS

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TABLE 3.3 POINT OF MEASUREMENT

* Does not conform to ISO

TABLE 3.4 INSTRUMENTS

* Does not conform to ISO. COPYRIGHT

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Application: (a) The diameter of the circle should be approximately 10 mm. (See also Clause 1.5.) (b) The circle is the basic symbol, but ellipses or elongated circles are acceptable to accommodate alphanumeric identifications specific to an industry, e.g.

(c) The basic symbol may be extended for use as status indication by adding four peripheral lines thus

(d) The letter code specified in Table 2.1 shall be used to designate the instrument function, e.g. for a pressure indicator:

(e) The particular panel may be identified alongside the symbol by an alphanumeric identifier or a note located at the lower right sector, e.g.:

(f) Where two or more instrument circles touch, the functions indicated by the letters in the circles are all incorporated in one enclosure, e.g.

(g) The horizontal lines may be located at any height in the circle.

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TABLE 3.5 BASIC SYMBOLS FOR COMPUTER-BASED FUNCTIONS

NOTE: It is permissible to use the basic symbol for computer-based functions throughout for any soft ware-based digital system. This is not intended to preclude the use of the basic symbol for shared display/control functions (see Table 3.6) if the user considers this to be appropriate.

NOTE: Horizontal li nes may be dashed to show inaccessible to operator functi on.

Application: (a) The width of the hexagon should be approximately 10 mm between two parallel sides. (b) The hexagon is the basic symbol, but elongated hexagons are acceptable to accommodate alphanumeric identifications specific to an industry, e.g.

(c) The basic symbol is usually applied in conjunction with other basic symbols showing measured process variables or actuated correcting unit. Symbols which touch each other imply communication between functions.

(d) For simplification of diagrams, the basic symbol alone may be used.

(e) The letter code specified in Table 2.1 shall be used to denote and identify the process computer functions, e.g. Temperature signal to computer with temperature recording and high alarm by computer normally accessible to operator at a central panel.

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TABLE 3.6 BASIC SYMBOLS FOR SHARED DISPLAY/CONTROL FUNCTIONS

NOTE: Horizontal li nes may be dashed to show i naccessible to operator functi on.

Application: (a) The width of the square and diameter of the circle should be approximately 10 mm. (b) The symbol is not rotatable. (c) The square with circle is the basic symbol, but an elongation of the symbol is acceptable to accommodate identification.

(d) The letter code specified in Table 2.1 shall be used to denote and identify the shared display/control functions, e.g.

(e) The basic symbol is usually applied in conjunction with other basic symbols showing measured process variables or actuated correcting unit. Symbols which touch each other imply communication between functions.

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(f) For simplification of diagrams, the basic symbol alone may be used.

TABLE 3.7 INTERLOCKS

* Does not conform to ISO.

Application: The size of the diamond should be approximately 10 mm across the diagonals. TABLE 3.8 CORRECTING ELEMENTS
NOTE: For corr ecti ng elements other than those shown in this Table, established symbols (e.g. in AS 1101.5 and AS 1109) may be used.

* Does not conform to ISO. This symbol is simplif ied and preferr ed for use in piping and instr umentati on diagrams (P & ID). Symbols for multi port valves are also shown in AS 1109. COPYRIGHT

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Application: Valves with three or more ports shall always be drawn showing the through connections in the de-energized position, e.g.

TABLE 3.9 BASIC ACTUATING ELEMENTS

NOTE: Specifi c types of valve actuators are shown in Table 3.11

* Does not conform to ISO.

Application: The connection of actuating element symbol to the correcting element symbol is made by a thin line.

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TABLE 3.10 BASIC ACTUATORS

NOTE: The symbols shown in this Table shall be used where it is desir ed to show part icular types of actuators.

* Does not conform to ISO. COPYRIGHT

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TABLE 3.10 (Cont.)

NOTE: Preferr ed size relati onship of piston and solenoid actuator is 1:2. * Does not conform to ISO

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TABLE 3.11 EXAMPLES OF CORRECTING UNITS

NOTE: Response of the actuator to failure of the actuati ng energy may be indicated as shown in this Table for the parti cular example of a control valve. Valves with three or more ports shall always be drawn showing the through connecti ons in the de-energized posit ion (see also Table 3.8).

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TABLE 3.11 (Cont.)

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TABLE 3.12 FLOW PRIMARY ELEMENTS

* Does not conform to ISO.

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TABLE 3.12 (Cont.)

* Does not conform to ISO.

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TABLE 3.12 (Cont.)

* Does not conform to ISO

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TABLE 3.13 LEVEL INSTRUMENT CONNECTIONS

NOTE: The word vessel is for descripti ve purposes only and does not form part of the symbols.

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TABLE 3.13 (Cont.)

* Does not conform to ISO.

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TABLE 3.14 PRESSURE REGULATORS, SELF-ACTUATED

* Does not conform to ISO.

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TABLE 3.15 SIGNAL MODIFIERS

NOTES: 1. The signal identi fi ers (a, b, etc) are for descripti ve purposes only and do not form part of the symbol. 2. The li nes are drawn as electr ic signals, but can also be pneumatic signals. 3. The mathemati cal relationship may be provided at input or output where requir ed. This is of part icular importance in It ems 3.15.02, 3.15.04, 3.15.07, 3.15.08, 3.15.14, 3.15.15, and 3.15.16. 4. The circles shown below may be replaced by the basic symbol for computer-based or shared display/control functions where applicable (see Tables 3.5 and 3.6).

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TABLE 3.15 (Cont.)

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TABLE 3.15 (Cont.)

Application: The letter code specified in Table 2.1 shall be used to designate the signal modifiers, e.g.

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TABLE 3.15 (Cont.) Application (cont.):

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TABLE 3.16 BINARY LOGIC, ACTION OF BINARY SIGNALS ON ANALOG SIGNALS The basic elements are and, or, not, and time lag and these shall have circular symbols. Where an analog signal is influenced by a binary signal, the result may be that the analog signal (a) retains the last value; or (b) assumes a predetermined value. This may occur both in the l-state and in the 0-state of the binary signal.
NOTES: 1. The signal identif iers (a, z, etc) are for descri ptive purposes only and do not form part of the symbol. B represents a binary signal, a and b are analog signals. 2. The li nes are drawn as electr ic signals, but can also be pneumatic signals.

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TABLE 3.16 (Cont.)

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SECTION 4. EXAMPLES OF USE

4.1 INDICATING, RECORDING, AND ALARM FUNCTIONS. 4.1.1 Flowrate indicator, locally mounted.

4.1.2 Flowrate recorder, locally mounted.

4.1.3 Conductivity recorder, panel-mounted.

4.1.4 Pressure differential recorder, locally mounted.

4.1.5 High pressure alarm, locally mounted.

(Preferred) 4.1.6 Low pressure alarm, locally mounted.

(Acceptable alternative)

(Preferred)

(Acceptable alternative)

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4.1.7 Level indicator, locally mounted.

NOTE: The symbol ill ustr ates that the level in the part icular vessel is indicated. No inference is to be drawn as to the nature or positi on of any physical connections to the vessel.

4.1.8 Level indicator, locally mounted, point of measurement inside vessel.

4.1.9 Local low pressure alarm with simultaneous emergency action of correcting unit.

4.1.10 Pressure signal to computer.

4.1.11 Temperature signal to computer. Temperature signal to computer (input number 211) with temperature recording and high alarm by computer normally accessible to the operator.

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4.1.12 Flow recording and control by computer.

4.1.13 Control valve. Control valve actuated and position display (open-shut) on computer.

4.2 BLIND TRANSMITTERS (NEITHER INDICATING NOR RECORDING). The symbol for a blind transmitter should be used only where there would otherwise be ambiguity concerning the nature of the property transmitted (see also examples in Clause 4.7).

4.3 AUTOMATIC CONTROLLERS. 4.3.1 Flowrate recording controller. Flowrate recording controller adjusting a diaphragm and spring-operated valve, instrument panel-mounted, valve fails closed.

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4.3.2 Flow recording and indication in control room. Flow indicator in control room with retransmission to computer for recording and control.

4.3.3 Pressure recording. Pressure recording and control by computer with back-up by discrete instruments. When the computer is not controlling communication, the back-up instrument assumes control.

4.3.4 Flow recording with access in local and indication in central control room. Flow recording and control by computer, operator access in local control room, flow indication in central control room.

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4.4 INTEGRATING INSTRUMENTS. Indication and control of quantity transfer, e.g. a positive displacement flowmeter with shut-off device. This does not control the rate. Valve fails closed.

Record and control of flowrate using an orifice plate as primary element with summation of volume.

4.5 MULTIPLE DISPLAY. Where it is necessary to show that a measured value is to be displayed in more than one place, the instrument symbol at the point of measurement may be supplemented by further appropriate symbols, these being connected as detailed in Table 3.1.

In the more general case where it is important to show multiple measurement and control functions explicitly, these may be represented by individual instrument and correcting unit symbols with appropriate connections by thin lines. Examples of this procedure appear in Clauses 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, and 4.10. 4.6 MULTIPOINT INSTRUMENTS. Where a multipoint instrument is to measure the same physical property at a number of points, the appropriate instrument symbol shall be shown at each point of measurement.
NOTE: A numberi ng system is necessary to relate each point of measurement to the part icular mult ipoint instrument. The system shown in the foll owing example should not be regarded as internationall y recommended, but has been included to indicate one possible method of numberi ng.

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4.7 MULTIVARIABLE DATA. 4.7.1 General. Where a single instrument, e.g. a 3-pen recorder or a data logger, is to measure a number of different physical properties, it may be included in the diagram in either of two ways. For a simple system, the symbol may be connected to all individual instrument or measurement symbols.

In a more complicated installation or one which does not lend itself to such a layout, the symbol for the multivariable data receiving device may be repeated at each associated instrument symbol. With this type of presentation, explanatory notes, which may or may not be on the flow sheet, are essential, e.g. PRC in the following diagram denotes an instrument which does not have a transmitting function:

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4.7.2 Automatic scanning. Where the data logger has automatic scanning facilities, this may be shown as follows (two examples):

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4.8 RATIO CONTROL INSTRUMENTS. A controller holding a constant ratio between two flowrates both recorded. The ratio is remotely manually pneumatically set. Orifice plate primary elements and pneumatic transmitters are used. The valve is diaphragm and spring-operated.

4.9 CASCADE CONTROL. 4.9.1 Temperature cascade control of flow. Where one controller provides the command signal to one or more other controllers.

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4.9.2 Cascade control and indication of temperature. Cascade control and indication and recording of temperature by computer with back-up control and indication with common process connections.
NOTE: It is implied that there is a connecti on between the back-up instruments so that, when the computer is not controll ing, the output of TIC 260 sets the set point of TIC 261 whose output drives the control valve.

4.9.3 Indication and cascade control of flow level. Indication and cascade control of level to flow by computer, with connected back-up control and indication. When the computer is not controlling, the back-up controllers assume control in a manner similar to the examples in Clauses 4.3.3 and 4.9.2.

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4.10 MULTIVARIABLE CONTROL SYSTEMS. Where a combining device symbolized, for example, by UC, UIC, URC, receives signals from two or more instruments and selects from these or combines them to operate one or more correcting units, the assembly of the symbols may be arranged in either of two ways.
NOTE: In complex systems, explanatory notes on the fl ow sheet are usuall y necessary.

For a simple installation, the combining device symbol may be connected to other instrument symbols.

In a more complicated installation or one which does not lend itself to such a layout, the symbol for the combining controller may be repeated at each instrument and correcting unit symbol. With this type of presentation, explanatory notes, which may or may not be on the flow sheet, are essential.

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4.11 PROGRAM CONTROL. For example, flowrate recorder-controller whose set value is automatically adjusted to a predetermined program in time.

4.12 TIME-CYCLE OPERATION. For example, three valves automatically actuated according to a predetermined program in time, two valves being actuated simultaneously.

4.13 HAND OPERATION. 4.13.1 Remote adjustment of the set value of a controller.

4.13.2 Local (indirect) adjustment of a correcting unit.

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4.13.3 Automatic actuating element with integral manual actuating element.

4.14 SONIC LEVEL ELEMENT AND TRANSMITTER.

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4.15 ON-OFF VALVE SYMBOLISM. Example 1.

In the de-energized condition, the solenoid valve vents the piston actuator to atmosphere.
NOTE: The use of continuati on boxes as shown is an example of interfacing drawings. In this example, the drawing is continued on zone number A4, drawing number 001-100.

Example 2. Use of words to clarify function intent.

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4.16 COMPLEX INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS.

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4.17 LOOPS WITH COMMON ITEMS GIVEN A SEPARATE LOOP NUMBER.

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4.18 COMPLEX CONTROL SYSTEM. A complex control system using selection of pressure or level as the mode of control, controlling phased control valves with interlocking for and testing of shutdown systems.
NOTE: For details on conti nuation boxes, refer to Note to Clause 4.15.

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4.19 MULTIPLE INSTRUMENTS. 4.19.1 Multiple dual connection level instruments.

4.19.2 Displacer type level transmitter with an integral controller.

4.19.3 Overlapping level instruments for long range or multiphase application.

4.19.4 Flow instruments operating from the same primary element but having separate connection.

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4.19.5 Differential type flow instruments operating from the same primary element and the same connections.

4.19.6 Flow, pressure, and temperature instruments in the same enclosure.

4.19.7 Flow and pressure instruments in separate enclosures operating from the same connections.

4.19.8 Separate pressure instruments operating from a single connection.

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4.20 SHARED DISPLAY/CONTROL EXAMPLES. 4.20.1 Flow recording on shared display.

4.20.2 Shared pressure control. Shared control and recording of pressure, e.g. by distributed control system (DCS) with pressure recording by a discrete instrument in control room.

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4.20.3 Cascade control.

Instrumentation and functions: LIC-106 DCS control (master, soft wired to slave) LSL-107 Discrete low-level alarm switch giving alarm not duplicated in DCS LSLL-107 Discrete low-level alarm switch giving alarm (not duplicated in DCS) and tripping FV-101 FRC-101 DCS recording control (slave of LIC-106) TAH-llO Hard-wired high temperature alarm with its own annunciator and duplicated in DCS HS-103 Hard-wired local manual reset
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4.21 MOTOR CONTROL. Pump driven by a variable speed motor shown.

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