A New Kind of Network: Open Indoor Femtos for Both Indoor and Outdoor Coverage

FEBRUARY | 2011 CORPORATE R&D

2012 QUALCOMM Incorporated. All rights reserved.

A New Network Deployment Model: Open Access Neighborhood Femtocells

MACRO NETWORK

HIGH CAPACITY
Capacity gains of 5x to 20x compared to macro-only deployment

LOW COST DEPLOYMENT

Minimal CapEx and OpEx

EASY TO DEPLOY
Simple plug-n-play by customer

Leverages customer site and backhaul

Private Femto Vs. Neighborhood Femto

Private Femtocells for Indoor Coverage
Coverage restricted indoors Dedicated or co-channel spectrum Using customers backhaul Enhanced Indoor Coverage and Capacity

Neighborhood Femtocells for Indoor and Outdoor Coverage

Coverage extending outdoors to serve neighborhood Dedicated spectrum Using customers backhaul for open access High Capacity Offload & Large Area Coverage

Requires SON, Mobility and Interference Management

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Neighborhood Femtos Use Industry Standard Femto Architecture

Fully Standardized Architecture

Mature eco-system following
Scalability for large number of femtocells Compatible with legacy macro/ femto networks and mobiles

Iuh

HNB-GW Iu

Internet

Integrated Femto + Broadband Modem

Mobile CN

Broadband Modem

Iu Femto
Macro RAN
3G Devices

Neighborhood Femtos Capacity Simulation

Assumptions
Dense-Urban Area (Simulation with Apartment Buildings)

Parameter City Area Macrocell ISD Area per Macrocell Population

Value 100 km2 500m ~72000 sq m 2 Million

Number of Dwellings
Notes:
a) b)
5

1 Million

meter

Femtos are randomly dropped in a apartment statistically independent of other femto locations At the most one femtocell is dropped in any apartment

Red: 2 story bldg Blue: 3 story bldg Green: 4 story bldg Cyan: 5 story bldg Yellow: 6 story bldg

Black star: Femtocell Circle: Mobile Blue circle: Macrocell

Neighborhood Femtos Provide Significant Capacity Gains

25x
Downlink Throughput Gains Relative to Macro Only Deployment

20x
Capacity Gain
Median Capacity Gain

15x 10x 5x 0x
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10%

10% Capacity Gain

Femto Penetration

Even further capacity improvements can be achieved with higher density of femtocells and UEs
Notes:
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Gains shown are median down link throughputs relative to macro baseline with same amount of spectrum 48 active mobiles per macrocell Femto penetration is percentage of total apartments with a femtocell

Economic Analysis
Neighborhood Femto as a Replacement to Adding Macro Carrier

Model Assumptions
Dense Urban Area: 100 sqkm

Traffic Assumptions
Subs: 134,000 MOU per Month: 200

20,000 Pops/sqkm Macro Sites: 462 MB per Month : 444 (Year 2012) to 2091 (Year 2016)

Capacity Upgrade Options

Neighborhood Femto with 5 MHz UMTS Macro with 5 MHz LTE Macro with 20MHz

Neighborhood Femto is the lowest cost option in terms of total expense over 5 years to provide same capacity

Main Considerations for Mobility Management for Neighborhood Femtos

Femto to Femto

Femto carrier

Overlay Macro carrier

Both idle and active mobility need to be supported for legacy mobiles Key Issues: Target cell discovery for handover Preventing PSC confusion for femto-femto handover Battery life impact due to idle mobility
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Self Healing Enables Dynamic Adaptation to Changes in Network Topology

Location change Power off

New femto

Neighborhood femto network is highly dynamic

Some femtos powered off New femtos added Femto location change

Self-healing capabilities are required to adapt to these changes

Femtos constantly monitor RF environment through
Network listen measurements Mobile measurement reports

Femtos adjust power and mobility parameters accordingly

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Dynamic Power Calibration is Essential to Mitigate Pilot Pollution

Without Interference Management Downlink Power Calibration

Some femtos reduce power

High femto penetration without interference management may lead to pilot pollution
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Requires dynamic power calibration to optimize each femtos coverage

Qualcomm Over-the-Air Demo Network

7 femtocells located inside buildings within QC campus
Femtocells use QC FSM chipset and connect to existing ethernet ports

Operate at max power of 20dBm on a dedicated channel

Continuous coverage High throughput

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Excellent voice quality

FSM chipset enabling Scalable & Mature Small cells

residential, enterprise, metro
Common Multi-mode platform for all segments Residential through Metro Highest level of integration enabling best in class size, power and performance Systems approach to chipset design BB & RF optimized for dense deployment Optimized for UltraSON Interference & mobility management
FSM9xxx

Powerful RF subsystem Secure boot and execution environment

Commercially available Advanced trials with Tier 1 operators Strong & growing ecosystem of partners

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THANK YOU
2012 QUALCOMM Incorporated. All rights reserved. QUALCOMM is registered trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated. Qualcomm Incorporated, 5775 Morehouse Dr, San Diego CA, 92121-1714 For more information about Femtocell research please visit: www.qualcomm.com/about/research/projects/femtocells/

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