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Differences between 3G and 4G in following table 3G 4G 1.8-2.

5 GHz 2-8GHz 5-20 MHz 5-20 MHz up to 2Mbpc( 384 kbps Up to 20 Mbps or more WAN) ) Wideband CDMA Multi-carrier - CDMA OFDM(TDMA) Turbo-codes Concatenated codes Circuit/Packet Packet 200 kmph 200 kmph

Frequency band Bandwidth Data rate Access FEC Switching Mobile top speeds

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3G = are responsible to set the standards on network technology and should be able to manage about 2Mbps.all of the web browsing, video downloading, email, picture sharing and Smartphone technology were included and known in this generation. 4G = Today`s 4G is alittle faster than 3G. Here the standards and speed of wireless should be at least 100 Mbps and increase up to 1 Gbps to pass as 4G.If we want to cover a network as a true 4G, it is limeted to have a large metropolitan areas. What is CDMA2000? one of the family of 3G mobile technology standards is CDMA2000 that acmda is the brief of Code Division Multiple Access to sending video ,data by using CDMA channel access. In fact it is able to make a contact between mobile phones and cell sites by signaling data.CDMA2000 is not the same as CDMA one but the 3G evolution of it. When transmitters are allowed to send information over a signal communication channel, users can share a range of frequency as well and this process is called multiple accesses. FREQUENCY UHR or ultra high frequency that determine radio frequency spectrum are used by cellular phone networks for transmission and reception of their signals and it is good to know that uht band is shared with Blutooth, television and Wi-Fi.Sets of frequency ranges inside uht band are cellular frequencies that are used by cellular phone as we said.nowadays in some country digital system ate used instead of analog system that CDMA is a part of these systems based on the advanced mobile phone system. The range of spectrum that CMDA2000 operates is almost small about 1,25 MHz in most of the frequency bands. Available CDMA2000 network constructions and user devices are in IMT-2000 (IMT-2000 or international mobile telecommunication is an interval applyed by the ITU for 3G wireless techbology that is able to make a higher speed for data between base antennas and mobile phones) bands that are determined by International telecommunication Union(ITU)and 400MHz,700MHz,800MHz,1700Mhz and 1900MHz bands are included in it. CMDA channel cellular= http://niviuk.free.fr/cdma_band.php

DATA RATE nowadays we have different applications that are applyed every second by users in all over the world.It is good to know that Available network are supporting these Internet apps.CDMA2000 are a developed CDMAone that are applying to help and enhance the network performing in terms of speed and efficiency when data are transmited.Data services and voice in CDMA are provided with IS-95-A substructure.in terms og data rate in CDMA we can mention HDR or high dara rate which means that are more developed to recommend more capacity , transmit data with more speed and better use of spectrum and so....Another benefit of CDMA2000 is to increase the abilities to allow packet and circuit data services have higher speed up to 144kb/s. MAC standard for CDMA2000 MAC standar showing the exact and complete description of all component in the MAC Sublayer the,primitives and service interfaces exchanged between entities inside the Sublayer of mac, and the service interfaces, primitives exchanged between the MAC Sublayer and all layers in the cdma2000 family of standards and approval the normative (Means it is relevance to a model or standard)proccess for the behavior of the MAC Sublayer entities. rooting router are designed to make an establish wireless netwirk and share internet between useres. now we want to define what is wireless CDMA router? E-line technology CDMA-based network technology, the offer for remote data using M2M(it has different means in technology,here in data communication it mentions to Mobile-to-Mobile or machin-tomachin...). devices based on industrial design. As an example, EL-H660 series VPN CDMA router are created to use as a cellular broad band connection and they are able to allow users make a private and secure network quickly and access to this internet in the cellularnetwork. An internet connection can be used and shared anywhere in a wireless broadband network virtually, when there is a connection to CDMA. in summary, CDMA cellular technology is advanced to provide voice , video and data with highe-speed, that are used by more users nowadays.And it is the first 3G technology is used as a part of the ITU's IMT-2000 framework. CDMA2000 1x The first version of CDMA2000 enables up to 100 callers to share a single 1.25 MHz CDMA channel and provies a peak data rate of 153 Kbps. The use of the single channel is known as "1X" or "1xRTT" (1x Radio Transmission Technology). 1X has also been known as "IS2000," "MC-1x," and "IMT-CDMA MultiCarrier 1x. CDMA2000 EV-DO

Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO) technology increased the peak data rate first to 2.45 Mbps and later to 3.1 Mbps per channel, with the average user experiencing from 500 to 800 Kbps http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/CDMA2000 LTEE LTE is the breif of long term revolution,that is standard for wireless used communication of highe-speed data for mobile phones and data terminals as an updated UMTS technology and able to provide faster data rates for downloading and uploading.LTE is not used instead of UMTS as UMTs does instead of GSM and it marked as 4G LTE. The basic of LTE are GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technoligies to increas the speed and capacity using a radio interface with together by improving core of the network.It is good to know that first publicly available LTE services in the world was launched by TeliaSonera in Stockholm and Oslo on 14th December 2009. 4G LTE it is the latest technology of 4G.Infact, the only two formats attentioned by the ITU as a real 4G are WIMAX and LTE advanced. 3G LTE can use 2th and 3th generations spectra as they can utilize new spectra. Although marketed as a 4G wireless service, LTE as specified in the 3GPP Release 8 and 9 document series does not satisfy the technical requirements the 3GPP consortium has adopted for its new standard generation, and which were originally set forth by the ITU-R organization in its IMT-Advanced specification. However due to marketing pressures and the significant advancements that WIMAX, HSPA+ and LTE bring to the original 3G technologies, ITU later decided that LTE together with the aforementioned technologies can be called 4G technologies. [6] The LTE Advanced standard formally satisfies the ITU-R requirements to be considered IMT-Advanced.[7] And to differentiate LTE-Advanced and Wimax-Advanced from current 4G technologies, ITU has defined them as "True 4G". refrence: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication) frequency managment Different frequency bands are used with LTE standard. LTE networks have different frequency managment depends on which country they are and each of them has a different operator.As an example we can mention North America and south America that have 700/800 MHz , 1700/1900 MHz and 2500 MHz frequency usage respectively. It means that phone lines of one country are not abale to be used in the other countries and users need a multi-band capable phone for international roaming. MAC

MAC protocol layer exists in UE & eNodeb, It is part of LTE air interface control and user planes. LTE has 2 layaers that act as air interface control and user planes. these two layers are UE and eNODEB that have MAC protocol layer inside themselves.Mac is the second part of LTE channel architecture. Routing LTE routers offer an extera fast internet that are not comparable with any other fixed line. todays 4G LTE modem, 802.11n and 10/100 Lan mobile broadcast router, European LTE(100/50 Mbps) mobile broadcast router and .. are available let routers. Data rate to calculate data rate in LTE you can follow this steps bellow 1) calculate the number of resource elements (RE) in a subframe with 20 MHz channel bandwidth: 12 subcarriers x 7 OFDMA symbols x 100 resource blocks x 2 slots= 16800 Res per subframe. Each RE can carry a modulation symbol. 2) assume 64 QAM modulation and no coding, one modulation symbol will carry 6 bits. The total bits in a subframe (1ms) over 20 MHz channel is 16800 modulation symbols x 6 bits / modulation symbol = 100800 bits. So the data rate is 100800 bits / 1 ms = 100.8 Mbps. 3) with 4x4 MIMO, the peak data rate goes up to 100.8 Mbps x 4 = 403 Mbps. 4) estimate about 25% overhead such as PDCCH, reference signal, sync signals, PBCH, and some coding. We get 403 Mbps x 0.75 = 302 Mbps. refrence = http://lteuniversity.com/get_trained/expert_opinion1/b/hongyanlei/archive/2010/02/18/howto-calculate-peak-data-rate-in-lte.aspx One of the technical objective for LTE is to increased peak data rate impresivlely as we said 100 Mbps on the downlink (The downlink is a term used in radiocommunicatons and satellite communications to denote the link from the network to the end user or from the satellite to the earth. The link from the end user to the network or from the earth to the satellite is called the uplink. http://www.telecomabc.com/d/downlink.html) and 50 Mbps on the uplink (The uplink is a term used in radiocommunicatons and satellite communications to denote the link from the end-user to the network or from the earth to the satellite. The link from the network to the end-user or from the satellite to the earth is called the downlink. http://www.telecomabc.com/u/uplink.html) and an other one that is relevance to data rate is improved data rate in cell edge At the cell edge data rate should be improved and increased by a factor of 2 to make a higher data rates available with wide area ,which should be coverd without additional cell sites in this area. complexity one of the complexity in lte is roaming data roaming are at the front line of an operators` mind , but voice need to be known and has an address by users who bring voice over LTE. In summary the movment from 3G to 4G LTE is just increasing data processing speed at least t

100Mbps as we said above that are accessable in the wireless communication in the world. and as it is a new technology obviously it has new standards that one of them is security for the users as we mentioned.

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