1s: 9137( Reaffirmed

1978
1993

Indian Standard

( Reaffirmed 1997 )

CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOVV AND AXIAL PUMPS-CLASS C
( Fifth Reprint JUNE 1997 )

UDC 621.67 : 620.16 : 006.76

0 Copyright

1980

BUREAU
MANAK

OF
BHAVAN,

INDIAN

STANDARDS
ZAFAR MARG

9 BAHADUR SHAH NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 11

Rebruav

1980

18 : 9137 - 1978

Indian Standard
CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS --CLASS C
Pumps
Ch!2il%7ll
SHRIK. lLL-I3AYI

Sectional

Committee,

EDC 35
Representing

blather
( Alternate to

and Platt

Ltd,

Bombay

nlrnlbers
SHl'.I 1~. DAS~LZTA X.

Shri 1;. hlubayi ) SHRI K. C:. Ac.mwva~ DR S. Ba~asers~x*~ SI~RI V. P. \'ESUGOPAL SHRI S. BAL.\~RISIISB~ SHRI B. T. DEVA~ATIIAN
CHIEF

Ministry Southern
(

of Shipping and Transport Indian Engineering Manufacturers Limited, Mithapur

Association,

Coimbatore

Alternate) Tata
(

Chemicals

Alternate )

Ministry uf Railways EXGINEER ( M ) ( Altcrnn~e ) Water Supply and Sewage Disposal Undertaking, New Delhi &RI Y. D. >\Irs~a ( Alkrnak ) SHRI A. S. DASDEhAI< Mechanical Engineers Association (I ). Bombay SHRI 5. L. ABHYANEAR ( Alternate ) Department of Industries, Government of Tamil Nadu, Madras SHRI M. DIUCMIP.~NDIAN Public Works, Workshops and Stores, Government of Tamil xadu, GESEXAL SUPCKIXTENDENT hIadras SIIRI C~VI~RDHAS S. GIDWANI Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New Delhi SHRI S. C. KAP~R (Alternate ) SHRI S. N. Hcssarx Best & Co Pvt Ltd, Madras SHRI K. R. RANCANATHAN (Alternate) DRK.R.ILAxGO Neyveli Lignite~corporation Ltd, Neyveli SHRI P. \AIDYAXATHAN (Alternutc) SHRIP.K.JOHX Bharat ~Heavy Electricals Ltd, Tiruchchirappalli SHRI B.KAPOOR Johnston Pumps India Ltd, Calcutta SHRIJ. P. ROY (Alternate) LT-COL G. L. ~k4SWANI Ministry of Defence (R & D) LT-COL S. K. SISHA (Alternate) SIIRI B. P. AIITTAL Indian Pumps Manufacturers Association, Calcufta; and Flowmore Pvt Ltd, New Delhi SHRIP. M. NAI~c Government of Maharashtra, Bombay SHRI ,4. E. KABRA (Alternate) SHKIJ. S. NEGI Jyoti Limited, Vadodara SHRI R. K. SRIVASTAVA (Alternate) SHRI V. R. PH~T.~K K. S. B. Pumps Ltd, Bombay SHRI U. S. P~<.~sau Indian Oil Corporation Ltd, Bombay SHIZI K. SASRARASARAYANAN Directorate General of Technical Development, New Delhi SHRI T. K. BI~~SEAK VER~IA ( Alternafe ) Kirloskar Brothers Ltd, Kirloskarvadi SIIRI K. SAT~YAXARAYANA Central Board of Irrigation and Power, New Delhi SECRETARY
ELECI.I:I(.U~ ESGINEER

SENIOR E~rc~nrca~ SliRI T. D. C;!:r-z

DEPL.TY S~cnm.4~~ (.illternate) SHRI R. X.T.~ruox Smr J. I'.Gnma (A&mate) SHRI A. S. VE'I\I., 1Yo1rrrsM.\NA(:L.zII SHRI S. Crr.\~-r,ic.~Si:lciiaRAN, Deputy Dirl:ct<,r Mech Engg ) (

Government

of Uttar

Pradesh,

Lucknow

Bharat Pumps & Compressors Ltd, New Delhi Vak Engineering Pvl Ltrl, hladras Director General, BlS ( Ex-o&cio Member )

Secretary
Sr~rtr C. KAT,RA S.

Deputy

Director

( Mech

Engg

), BIS ( Continued-on page 2 )

@ BUREAU OF

Cot?yright 1980 1NDIAN STANDARDS

ThiT publication is protected under the Indzan Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957) and reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.

IS t 9137 - 1978
(

Conlinned paSa from 1) Horizontal Spindle Pumps Subcommittee, EDC 35 : 2

Convener Representing Kirloskar Brothers Ltd, Kirloskarvadi

SHRI P. S. NAZABE SHRI K. C. BKOTRA ( Alternate to Shri P. S. Nazare) DR S. BALAERI~HNAN SHRI V. P. VENUQOPAL ( Alternale ) SHRI V. DEVIIAJ SHBI ,P. R. DHA~XODARAN SHRI R. RANQANATHAN ( Alternate) SHRI G. T. GURUSHAHNI SHRI A. K. WADHAWAN ( Alternate) SHRI Y. D. MISHRA SHRI B. P. MITTAL SHRI M. P. GUPTA ( Alternate) SERI K. MUBAYI SHRI A. K. DAS~UPTA ( Alternate) SHRI J. S. NEQI SHRI R . K. SRIVASTAVA ( Alternate ) SERI S. C. PATEL SRRI V. R. PATHAK SERI K; SANKARANARAYANAN SHRI C. M. SHAH

Southern

India Engineering

Manufacturers Institute, Limited,

Association, Coimbatore Coimbatore

Coimbatore

P. S. G. & Sons Charity Industrial Dhandayuthapani Foundry Private Su Motors Pvt Ltd, Bombay

Delhi Joint~Water and Sewage Board, Flowmore Pvt Ltd, New Delhi Mather Jyoti and Platt Ltd, Bombay Vadodara

New Delhi

Limited,

Calama Industries Pvt Ltd, Bombay K. S. B. Pumps Ltd, Bombay Directorate General of Technical Development, Tata Chemicals Limited, Okhamandal

New Delhi

IS : 9137 - 1978 CONTENTS

PAGE
1. SCOPE

4
4

2.

SYMBOLS

3. DEFINITIO~VS
4. GUARANTEES AND PURPOSE OF THE TESTS 5. ORGANIZATION OF TESTS 6. PROCEDURE FOR MEASUREMENY OF RATE OF FLOW, HEAC, SPEED OF ROTATION AND POWER INPUT

6 8 9 13 20 22 24 26 26 27 30, 31 32 32 .a .

7. CAVITATION TESTING
8. TESTS ON PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OTHER THAN CLEAN COLD WATER 9. ANALYSIS OF TESTS APPENDIX A GUARANTEESFOR MASS-PRODUCED PUMPS APPENDIX fi EFFECT OF PRE-SWIRL INDUCED BY THE PUMP APPENDIX C FRICTION LOSSES APPENDIX D COSTSAND REPETITION OF TESTS

APPENDIX E CONVERSION TO SX UNITS APPENDIX F CHECK LIST APPENDIX G PUMP TEST SI~EET

IS : 9137 - 1978

Indian Standard
CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPSCLASS C
0. FOREWORD
conditions procedures standard lations of required. of rhe final site installation, and are described for carrying out tests on certain types of install;hich an overall performance is

0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards institution on 18 December 1978, after the dra<t finalized by the Pumps Sectional Committee had been~approved by the Mechanical Engineering Division Council. 0.2 This standard is one of a series of Indian Standards dealing with the acceptance tests for mixed fiow and axial pumps. centrifugal, These standards would correspond to three classes of tests A, B and C; the use of Class A and B is restricted to special cases when there is a need to have the pump performance more The Class A is the most precisely defined. accurate whereas the Class C is the least accuIt should be borne in mind that Class A rate. and B test require more accurate apparatus and methods which increases the cost of such tests. 0.3 The standard arrangements and procedures described are those to be employed for testing without reference to its a pump individually, final installation conditions or the effect upon it of any associated fittings, these being the usual conditions in which a pump is tested at the manufacturers works. 0.4 Pump performance may be affected hy

0.5 The conditions in which the pumps are finally installed, however, often do not permit reliable test measurements, and recommendations are made concerning the procedure to be adopted where the layout precludes tests in conformity with the standards, or where the tests cover the pump and~the plant ancillary to the pump itself. 0.6 This standard is based on IS0 2548-1973 Centrifugal, mixed flow and axial pumps Code for acceptance tests - Class C issued by the International Organization for Standardization ( IS0 , 0.7 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE 1.1 This standard lays dolvn procedures for It defines the acceptance testing of pumps. terms and quantities that are used and established the methods of testing and the \va);s of measuring the qua.ntities involved according to Class C so as to ascertain the performance 01 the pump and to compare them with the manufacturers guarantee. 1.2 This standard applies to any size of pump

tested with clean, cold water and other liquids behaving as clean, cold water. 1.3 This standard does not cover the structural details of the pumps and the mechanical properties of their components. 2. SYMBOLS 2.1 List of Symbols Used in the Test CodeAs given in lable 1.

IS : 9137- 1978
TABLE

1 SYMBOLS

( Clause 2.1 ) REFERENCE NIMBER *

QUANTITY

SYxnoL

DI~~~NSIONS$

SI UNITS

Mass Length Time Temperature Area Volume Angular velocity Velocity Acceleration of free fall Speed of rotation Density Pressure Viscosity (dynamic Kinematic viscosity Energy viscosity )

M L T e L2 Ls T-1 LT-1 LT-2 T-1 ML-3 ML-IT-3 ML-IT-1 LsT-1 MLaT-s ML~T-3 Pure number L MT-1 L3T-1 L L L L LsT-2 L L ) II L ML-IT-2 ML-IT-2 MLzT-a MLsT-s MLaT-s Pure number Pure Pure Pure Pure Pure number number number number number

kg m 0s: rns ms rad/s m/s m/s2 s-1 kg/m3 N/m27 N-s/m2 msjs 3 W m kg/s ms/s m m m Jk! m m N,Z?Y N/m21 W W W

3.2.1.1 3.2.1.2 3.2.3.2 3.2.3.6 3.2.3.7 3.2.3.8 3.2.3.9 3.2.3.10 3.2.3.11 3.2.3.12

Power ( general term ) Reynolds number Diameter Mass rate of flow Volume rate of flow plane Distance to reference Inlet total head Outlet total head Pump total head Specific energy Loss of head at inlet

I V E P Re D ;: z HI H2 H r HJ~ HJZ ) ( NP8H pll P P P Per ? r)iat rlmot %?r x h

, Loss of head at inlet

Net positive suction head Atmospheric pressure (absolute Vapour pressure ( absolute) Pump power output Pump power input Motor power input Pump efficiency Transmission efficiency Motor efficiency Overall efficiency Type number Friction factor

3.2.4.1 3.2.4.2 3.2.4.3 3.2.5.1 3.2.5.2 3.2.5.3 3.2.5.4 3.2.6 5.7.6

*Where no number is given, reference may be made to various parts of IS tM = Mass, L = Length, T = Time, 0 = Temperature. ZAn optional symbol for mass rate of flow is qm. An optional symbol for volume rate of flow is qv. /IAn optional symbol for net positive suction head is HH. l;Also called Pascal (symbol Pa ).

: 1890-1961.

IS : 9137 - 1978 2.2 Alphabetical Lists of Basic Letters and Subscripts - As given in Tables 2 and 3.
TABLE
SYMBOL --

LETTERS

USED

AS SYMBOLS

of IS : 1890* and to supplement these dehmtions by some specific information on their use in this test code. g = acceleration of free fall ( seeNote ).
NOTE - For Class C test, the value of g is assumed to be 9.81 m/ss. n =

QUANTITY

SI

UNITS
m2

A D E Ii H.l K 1 m Area Diameter Energy Acceleration of free fal Head Losses in terms of head of liquid Type number Length Mass Speed of rotation Net positive suction head Pressure Power Mass rate of flow Volume rate of flow Reynolds number Time Velocity Volume Specific energy Distance to reference plane Efficiency Temperature Dynamic viscosity Kinematic viscosity Density Angular velocity Friction factor

speed of rotation. number of rotations The quotient

The quotient by the time.

of

the

m/s2 m m Pure number m kg s-1 m N/n12 W kels

G/S

p = density.

of mass by volume.

P = pressure.

The quotient of force by area. Unless otherwise specified, all pressures are gauge pressures, that is, measured with respect to the atmospheric pressure.

FL=

( N&I

viscosity ( dynamic viscosity, sometimes called absolute viscosity ). It is defined by the expression: 7=$where u,-, = the velocity of a flat plate moving in its own plane while keeping parallel to a fixed flat wall; h

! 6 Re t u r t

Pure

number
S

m/s
ms m

J/kg
Pure number C N.s/mz msjs kg/m3 rad/s Pure number

h = the distance from the flat plate to the fixed flat wall; 7 = the friction force of the fluid on the area unit of the flat plate during its motion.

;3 v
V

P 0 A

NOTE-~ should be small enough to obtain laminar flow of the fluid between the flat plate and the fixed flat wall. Y =

TABLE

LETTERS AND FIGURES SUBSCRIPTS MEAXINQ Inlet Outlet Available Atmospheric Guaranteed Unit ( overall ) Intermediate Manometric Motor Pump R equired Eye Specified* Total Useful Vapour (pressure

USED

AS
1

kinematic viscosity density.

viscosity. ( dynamic

The quotient of the viscosity ) by the

y =

.t4
P

SUBSCRIPT

1 2 a t, G gr int hf

P = power. The quotient of the energy transferred during a time interval by the duration of this interval. RG = Reynolds number. expression: Re = It is defined by the

!.!? V

mot P

;
sP

t II

3.2 Definitions Peculiar to the Test CodeThis clause gives the definitions of concepts used in this test code, together with the associated symbols, if any have been allocated. Concepts, even though in current use, which are not strictly necessary to the application of this code are not here defined. 3.2.1 Flow Rates

*This indication applies to the values of quantities .relating to the guarantee point.

3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 General Definitions - In order to avoid any error of interpretation it has seemed preferable to reproduce here the definitions of quantities and units as given in various parts 6

3.2.1.1 q --In this test code, the mass rate of flow designates the external mass rate of flow of the pump, that is, the rate of flow discharged into the pipe from the outlet branch of the pump.
*Recommendations for quantities and units.

IS : 9137 - 1978
~TOTE - Losses pump, that is,. or abstractions inherent to the

Its value is: a) positive if this pressure is greater the atmospheric pressure: b1 negative if this pressure atmospheric pressure. is less than than the

a) discharge necessary of axial thrust, b) cooling d) leakage etc, of bearings

for hydraulic

balancing

of the pump itself, internal leakage,

c) water seal to the packing, from the fittings,

are not to be reckoned in the quantity delivered. On the contrary, if they are taken at a point before the flow measuring section, all derived quantities used for other purposes, such as: e} cooling of the motor bearings, oil cooler ), f) cooling of a gear box ( bearings, etc, should be added to the measured

3.2.3.4 Dynamic head - The kinetic energy per unit weight of the liquid in movement. It is expressed by:
V2 i&f

where v is the mean velocity the section considered. 3.2.3.5 Total head total head is given by:

of the liquid section,

in

rate of flow.

In any

the

3.2.1.2 Q-The flow has the following

outlet value:

volume

rate

of

Q=$
In this test code, nate the volume this symbol may also desig-

Z$-p +g FJg
The This is related to atmosphere. total head in any section is given by: absolute

rate of flow in a given section*; it is the quotient of the mass rate of flow in this section by the density. (The section may be designated by the proposed subscripts. ) 3.2.2 Velocity of Flow ( v ) -The mean
rate of velocity of flow equal to the volume flow divided by the pipe cross-section*:
U==--F

3.2.3.6 Inlet totol head ( H, ) - The head in the inlet section of the pump:

tota

Q
A

3.2.3.7 Outlet total hrad ( Hz ) - The total head in the outlet section of the pump: per unit weight 3.2.3.8 Pump total head ( H ) -The algeb-raic difference between the outlet total head, and the inlet total head: H = H, - HI = ~2 _ ~1 + p2 -PI

3.2.3 of fluid.

Head -

The

energy

3.2.3.1 Reference plane - The horizontal plane through the centre of the circle described by the external point of the entrance edges of the im_peller blades; in the case of double inlet pumps the plane should be taken through the higher ccntre. The position reference manufacturer should indicate the of this plane with respect to precise points on the pump.

+ vt2- v12 FCC 2.2

If the compressibility of the pumped liquid is significant, p may be replaced by the mean value:
Fm=26 + F2

3.2.3.2 ; designates the difference between ~the level of the horizontal plane under consideration and the level of the reference plane. Its value is: a) positive, if the plane in question the reference plane; if the plane in b) negative, below the reference plane. is above is

3.2.3.9 Secic energy ( Y ) - The per unit mass of liquid. It is given equation: Y=gH

energy by the

question

3.2.3.3 Gazrge pressure (p ) - The effective to atmospheric pressure. pressure, relative The head corresponding to this pressure is: b M
*Attention is <!I-awn to the fact that in this case Q may vary for different reasons across the circuit.

3.2.3.10 Loss of total head at inlet ( HJ1 ) The difference between the total head of the liquid at the measuring point, or possibly of the liquid without velocity in the suction chamber, and the total head of the liquid in the inlet section of the pump. 3.2.3.11 Loss oftotal head on delivery (HJ,)The difference between the total head of the liquid in the outlet section of the pump, and 7

IS:9137

-1978
liquid at the measuring 3.2.5.2 Transmission g$iciency ( u;int ) ( shafting, coupling, gears, etc ): Vnt = 3.2.5.3 rmot = 3.2.5.4 Pump power input Power at motor shaft ( qm,,t )

the total head of the point.

3.2.3.12 &t positive suction head (JlfpsIi) Gauge reading in metres taken on the suction nozzle referred to the pump centre line, minus the vapour pressure in metres corresponding to the temperature of the liquid plus the velocity head at this point. NPSH as well as inlet referred to the reference plane. It ween: is necessary to make total head, is bet-

Motor ejiciency Power Motor

at motor shaft power input ( .qgr )

Overall @ciency

a distinction

Tgr = ? vlint Vmot = Pump power output Motor power input 3.2.6 Ty@e .hkmber K - The type number, a dimensionless quantity, is defined by the following formula*: 2 7r n Q1/2 IC = o3s--

a) the ( NPSH ) required at given flow and speed of rotation for a given pump; it is specified by the manufacturer. This is a function of pump design and varies from one design to another. For a cavitation free performance of a pump, it is necessary that available NPSH be higher than the required NPSH. The available NPSH represents the difference between the existing absolute suction ahead and the vapour pressure at the prevailing temperature. The required NPSH represents the minimum required margin between the suction head and the vapour pressure at a given capacity. b) the ( NPSH ) available for the same flow which is inferred from the installation. This is a function of a system comprising of suction head or lift, friction head, and the vapour pressure of the liquid being handled. By the physical altering of the installation, it is possible to control first two parameters of NPSH. But the vapour pressure of the liquid and this is always not feasible. c) the test ( NPSH ) See 7.1.1.

NOTE- Attention is drawn to the fact that in this Standard, the type number is based on the total head of a multistate pump, and not on the head per stage, and that >t applies to the guaranteed flow rate, Mhich is not in conformity with the common practice where K is calculated for the flow rate corresponding to the maximum efficiency.
4. GUARANTEES

AND PURPOSE

OF THE

TESTS 4.1 Guarantees 4.1.1 Subjects of Guarantees - It shall be agreed in the contract which values are guaranteed by the manufacturer and under what conditions.
One or more of the are usually guaranteed: following quantities

a) Outlet b) Total cl Power

rate of flow of pump; head of pump;

Subscripts may be used to differentiate these quantities [ for example ( NPSH )r when the required value is concerned and ( NPSH )a when available value is concerned 1. 3.2.4 Power ( P, ) - The at its passage

input or efficiency of pump or unit ( for motor-pump combined example submersible pump or monoset pump; or separate pump and motor with overall efficiency guaranteed ); and ).

d) ( NPSH

3.2.4.1 Pum@ @ower output power transferred to the liquid through the pump: P, = qgH = qY

3.2.4.2 Pump power input ( P ) --The power measured at the pump coupling. 3.2.4.3 Mofor power input ( P,, power absorbed by the pump driver. 3.2.5 E@ciency Pump @ciency PU ?=P= ( q) ) The

Whichever of these quantities is guaranteed, it is necessary to specify the speed of rotation ( or in some cases the electrical supply frequency and voltage for the motor-pump unit) and the chemical and physical properties of the liquid to be pumped ( if other than clean cold water ). In this test code the guarantees only refer to the pump including the test arrangements as In particular, the guarantees do given in 5.7. not apply to: a) the test of the pipe and its fittings, as valves, etc;
*This formula is the same K = ,,1,, as the basic J3/4 formula

such

3.2.5.1

Pump power output Pump power input -

IS : 9137 - 1978 b) the general

installation in situ; to the test also is to be guaranteed, it shall be specified in the contract whether ( NPSH ) is to be tested or nor. Attention is drawn to the fact that a test of ( NPSH ) increase the costs of the tests. ( See also Appendix D. ) M7here a number of identical pumps are to be purchased, the number of pumps to be tested shall be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer. 4.2.2 Range of Performance Test - The performance test of the pump shall beg carried out to determine the performance of the pump. with respect of the discharged rate of flow, total head, power absorbed, etc. A check of the satisfactory running of the pump may be made from the point of view of cavitation, temperature of glands and bearings, axial thrust, and possible air or water leakage, provided the hydraulic test is carried out the specified speed of rotation.
NOTEIt

if these parts do not belong arrangements according to 5.7.

~The pump manufacturer is responsible neither for the determination of the pump guarantee point, nor for the arrangement of the pump, nor for the installation in situ, the sole exception being when he has undertaken these tasks as part of the order. 4.1.2 Extent of Guarantees - The guarantee of the flow rate covers the flow rate at the agreed total head and speed of rotation, within the permissible tolerances above and below as given by 9.-4.1. The guarantee of the head covers the pump total head (H) at the agreed flow rate and speed of rotation, within the permissible tolerances above and below as given by 9.4.1. The guarantee of the efficiency covers the minimum value of efficiency at the guaranteed point QH within the permissible tolerances as given by 9.4.2. If the flow rate values and the efficiency stated are not guaranteed but are indicated on the basis of prior tests or are given in printed curves ( for .mass produced pumps ) ( see Appendix A ). For a combined motor-pump unit ( for example submersible pump or monobloc pump; or separate pump and motor with overall efficiency guaranteed ) the guarantee covers efficiency of the entire unit, 4.1.3 Implementation of Guarantees 4.1.3.1 Flow rate and total head values - The guarantee for flow rate aI;ld total head is fulfilled if, at the agreed speed of rotation, the value of the equation given in 9.4.1 is greater than or equal to 1. 4.1.3.2 Eficiency - The efficiency guarantee is fulfilled if, at the agreed speed of rotation, the conditions given in 9.4.2 have been achieved or exceeded. 4.1.3.3 &t positive suction head ( NPSH )When a test of ( NPSH ) is specrfied in the contract, the guarantees as defined in 4.1.3.1 and 4.1.3.2 shall be achieved under those conditions of ( NPSH ) that are specified. This does not necessarily ensure absence of cavitation ( see 7 ). 4.1.3.4 Motor speed of Totation - If the driving motor is being supplied by the pump manufacturer, the speed of rotation named in 4.1.2 and 4.1.3 can be replaced by the frequency and the voltage. 4.2 Purpose of the Tests

amount

of noise

is also possible and vibration.

to

observe

the

4.2.3 Liquid Used in Testing - The liquid used in testing shall be clean cold water in accordance with the recommendations of 8, unless otherwise specified in the contract. 5. ORGANIZATION OF TESTS Acceptance tests at the manufactuat a place to be the manufacturer

5.1 Place of Testing shall be carried out either rer?s works, or alternatively mutually agreed between and the purchaser.

5.2 Time of Testing - The time of testing shall be mutually agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser. When tests are not carried out in the manufacturers works, time should be allowed for preliminary adjustments by both the manufacturer and the installer. 5.3 Test Validity - It should be ascertained that conditions permit tests to be made in accordance with the provisions of this code. measurements depend 5.4 Staff - Accurate not only on the quality of the measuring instruments used but also on the ability and skill of the persons operating and reading the The staff measuring devices during the tests. entrusted with effecting the measurements must be selected just as carefully as the instruments to be used in the test. Specialists with adequate experience in measuring operations in general shall be charged with operating and reading complicated measuring apparatus. Reading simple measuring devices may be entrusted to such helpers whoupon short prior instruction - can be assumed to effect the readings with proper care and the accuracy required. 9

4.2.1 Co;itractual Object of the Tests - The tests are intended to ascertain the performance of the pump and to compare this with the manufacturers guarantee. When ( NPSH )

I S : 9137 - 1978
A chief of tests shall be appointed, possessing -adequate experience in measuring operations. Normally, when the test is carried out at the manufacturers works, the chief of tests is a staff member of the manufacturing firm. All persons charged with effecting the measurements are subordinated during the tests to the chief of tests, who conducts and supervises the measurements, reports on test conditions and the results of the tests and then drafts the test report, All questions arising in connection with the measurements and their execution are subject to his decision. Th e parties assistance that necessary. concerned the chief shall provide all of tests considers and for type numbers greater than 1.5 it is more meaningful to reproduce site conditions than it is to use a standard test arrangement. For such non-standard conditions an agreement shall be reached in the contract ( see Appendix B ). 5.7.1.1 Inlet pressure tappings - In general, the pressure tapping shall be placed in a section of equal diameter to, and concentric with, the It should under inlet branch of the pump. normal conditions be located two diameters upstream from the pump inlet flange. Moreover it shall never be placed:

a) b)

in a diverging section, or within four diameters of straight pipe downstream from the divergence; within the plane of a bend, either in the bend itself or within four diameters of straight pipe downstream from the bend. It may, however, be agreed to site a pressure tapping in this region at right angles to the plane of the bend; and four diameters of straight pipe following a sudden contraction, or other discontinuity of cross-sectional area.

5.5 Test Programme -Only the guaranteed operational data shall form the basis of the test; other data determined by measurement during the tests shall have merely an indicative ( informative) function and it shall be so stated if they are included in the programme. 5.6 Testing Apparatus -When the measuring procedure is being decided on, the measuring and recording apparatus required shall be specified at the same time. The chief of tests shall be responsible for correct installation of these checking the apparatuses and their perfect functioning. All of the measuring apparatus shall be covered by reports showing by calibration or by comparison that it complies with the requirements of 5.12. These reports shall be presented if required. 5.7 Test Arrangements - Ideally, measuring across is

C) within

When interpretation of readings in nonnegotiated, is being standard conditions consideration shall be given to: a) whether the value of inlet head itself is important ( for example, for NPSH tests ); and b) the ratio of inlet pump total head. velocity head to the,

5.7.1 Standard Test Arrangements the flow thro~rp;h the inlet head section should be such that: a) the velocity the section; b) the static uniform. is uniform, and pressure

If this ratio is very small ( less than 0.5% ) and the value of inlet head itself is not important, readings from a tapping in the pump inlet flange may be used in the inlet total head equation given in 3.2.3.6 ( for ratio >0.5%: 2 D upstream ). 5.7.1.2 Outlet pressure tappings - Under normal conditions the outlet pressure tapping should be located two diameters downstream from the pump outlet flange. For the pumps of type number equal to or less than 0.5, the outlet pressure tapping may be located directly at the pump outlet, provided it is at right angles to the plane of the volute or any other bend formed by the pump casing. For the pumps of type number greater than 0.5, the straight parallel pipe shall be coaxial with the outlet pipe of the pump and have the same bore. The tapping shall be located in the pipe wall in a plane through the pipe axis at right angles to the plane of the volute or other bend formed by the pump casing. 5.7.2 Pumps Tested with Fittings -If specified in the contract, standard tests shall be

and axial,

across

the section

These are the conditions for the standard test arrangement, but they are impossible to achieve completely, and it is impracticable to check them for the class of test covered by this standard. However. significant maldistribution and swirl can be avoided by keeping bends and combinations of bends, and divergences and discontinuities of cross-sectional area, from the proximity of the measuring section. In general, the importance of inlet flow conditions increases with the pump type number,

IS : 9137 - 1978 carried out on a combination of a pump

and

where Re = $k -= D ( pure number ) )

a) associated fittings llation; or b) an exact

C) fittings

at the final site instathereof; or

reproduction

introduced for testing purposes and taken as forming part of the pump itself ( see for examples 5.7.3, 5.7.4, etc).

~~$~i~~~~

( pure number

Connections on the inlet and outlet sides of the whole combination shall be made in accordance with 5.7.J. IVIeasurements dance with 5.11.2 shall then be taken in accorand 5.11.3.

Appendix C gives guidance on how to check whether a correction needs to be made, and on how to calculate the correction if necessary. If the pipe is other than unobstructed, straight, and of constant circular cross section, the correction to be applied must be the subject of special agreement in the contract. Rotation During Test 5.8 Speed of (see 4.2.2 ) -The difference between the specified speed of rotation and the test speed of rotation may be allowed 5.8.1 5.8.2 as follows ( n ;;., + 20% - 50% )

5.7.3 Pumping Installation Under Submerged Conditions-LVhere a pump,or a combination of a pump and its fittings, is tested or installed in conditions where the standard pipe connection, on either inlet or outlet as described in 5.7.1, cannot be made owing to inaccessibility or submergence, measurements shall be taken in accordance with 6.2.2.3 and 6.2.3.3. 5.7.4 Borehole and De#Vell Pumps - Borehole and deep-well pumps cannot usually be tested with their complete lengths of delivery main and, consequently, the loss of head in the portions omitted, and the power absorbed by any shafting therein, cannot be measured. Any thrust bearing would also be more lightly loaded during the test than it would be in the final installation ( see 6.2.4.4 ), 5.7.5 Self-Priming Atmbs - In principle the priming ability of self-priming pumps shall always be verified at the contractual static suction head with the attached inlet piping equivalent to that in the final installation. When the test cannot be carried out in the described manner, the test arrangement to be used shall be specified in the contract. 5.7.6 Friction Losses at Inlet and Outlet - The guarantees under 4.1 refer to the pump inlet and outlet flanges, and the pressure measuring points are in general at a distance from these flanges ( 5.7.1 to 5.7.5 ). It may be necessary to add to the measured pump total head the head losses due to friction ( HJr and HJS ) between the measuring points and the pump flanges. Such a correction H,, should be applied 5 H only if + HJa > 0.000

For flow rate and head: For efficiency: f 20%

For a combined motor-pump unit,the motor efficiency change between specified and test speeds, shall be established at the time of agreeing the contract. The lower speeds are also acceptable. The formula for efficiency correction shall be as specified in 13.10.4 of IS : 5120-1977 5.8.3 For ( .NPSH) Tests - f 20% p&i-. ded that the pump flow rate during the test lies within 50% and 120% of the flow rate corresponding to maximum efficiency.
SOTEFor tests conforming to the requirements of 7.1.1.1, the above-mentioned variation may alwavs be allowed; for tests conforming to the requirements of 7.1.1.2, it may be allowed for pumps with type numbers less than or equal to 2. For pumps with type numbers greater than 2. agreement shall be reached between the parties concerned.

5.9 Control of Head - The test conditions may be obtained, among other methods, by throttling in either or both the inlet and outlet pipes. When throttling in the inlet pipe is used, due consideration shall be given to the possibility of cavitation or of air coming out of the water, which might affect the operation of the pump (see 7.1.2), the flow measuring device ( see 6.1.3 - 4th paragraph ) or both. 5.16 Execution of Tests - The duration of the test shall be sufficient to obtain consistent results, having regard to the degree of accuracy to be achieved. Where multiple readings are taken to reduce the error margin (see 5.11 ), they shall be taken at equal intervals of time.

If the pipe between the measuring points and the flanges is unobstructed, straight, and of constant circular cross section,

The
&.

value of A should be derived

= 2 log10 251

from k 3.7 D

-zp

-I-----

1
11

*Technical purpose pumps

requirements for rotodynamic (first revision ).

specia!

IS : 9137 - 1978
Where, for special reasons, it is necessary to determine performance over a range of operanumber of conditions, a sufficient ting observations shall be taken to establish the performance within the limits of error stated in 5.11. All measurements shall be made under steady conditions ot operation as defined in 5.11. If steady conditions are not achievable; agreement shall be made between the parties concerned on the matter. If the driving power available during a test on a testing stand is insufficient, and if -the test has to be carried out at greatly reduced speed of rotation, the guaranteed characteristics can be adjusted to such reduced speed of rotation in accordance with 5.8.1, 5.8.2, 5.8.3, 9.2.1 or 9.2.2, respectively. the guarantee point, three To verify measurements shall be recorded, one as close as possible to the guarantee point, and one closely on each side ofit. The test records shall be kept with two copies ( one for the purchaser and one for the manufacturer ); all test records and recording strips shall be initialled by the chief of tests and the representatives of both parties. The evaluation of the test results shall be made as far as possible while the tests are in progress and, in any case, before the installation and instrumentation are dismantled in order that suspect measurements can be repeated without delay ( see also Appendix D ). 5.11 Test E and F. 5.11.1 standard Conditions Dejnitians the following See atso Appendices nificantly affect the accuracy of the readings, the tests shall be repeated using a symmetrical damping device, for example a symmetrical orifice or capillary tube.
TABLE 4 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE AMPLITUDE OF OSCILLATIONS AS A PERCENTAGE OF MEAN VALUE OF QUANTITY BEING MEASURED -MEASURED QUANTITY

&,AXIMCiU IICRJIleSIELE AIUPLITUDE OF OSCILLATIONS

Rate of flow Head Torque Power

Speed

of rotation

*2

NOTE 1 -Where a 6% change in flow would result in a calculated 120/;, change in head, the maximum permissible amplitude of the observed differential head shall be f 12%. NOTE 2 -In the case of inlet total pressure head and outlet total pressure head measurement, the permissible percentage osciliation shall be calculated on-the pump total head.

5.11.3

Amber

of Sets

of Observations

5.11.3.1 Steady conditions - In steady and well controlled test conditions, only one set of readings of individual quantities shall be recorded for the specified test condition. This set shall be recorded only after the observers have been satisfied that the oscillations and variations of the readings have settled down within the limits specified in Tables 4 and 5. 5.11.3.2 Unsteady conditions - In such cases where the unsteadiness of test conditions gives rise to doubts concerning the accuracy of the tests, the following procedure shall~be followed: Repeated sets of observations of the measured quantities shall be made at the guarantee point, only speed and temperature being allowed to be controlled. Throttle valve water level, gland, balance water, settings, etc, shall be left completely unaltered. The differences between these repeated readings of the same quantities will be a measure of the unsteadiness of the test conditions, which are atleast partly influenced by the pump under test as well as the installation. A minimum of three sets of observations shall be taken at the guarantee point, and the value of each separate measurement and of the efficiency derived from the measurements in each set shall be recorded. The percentage difference betweent the largest and smallest values of each quantity shall not be greater than that given in Table 5. It will be noted that a lvider tolerance is permitted if the number of readings is increased up to the maximum requirement of nine readings,

For the purpose of this definitions shall apply:

Oscillations - Short oscillation cycles about a mean value occurring during the time that a single observation is being made. Variations - Those changes in value kvhich take place between one reading and the next. 5.11.2 Permissible Oscillations in Readings and or Use of Damping - Where the construction operation of a pump is such that oscillations of great amplitude are present, measurements may be carried out by means of an instrument capable of providing an integration over at least one complete cycle of oscillation. The calibration of such an instrument shall comply with the provisions of the appropriate clauses. Restricted damping may be introduced in measuring instruments and their connecting lines where necessary to reduce the amplitude of oscillations to within the values given in Table 4. Where it is possible that damping will sig-

12

IS : 9137 - 1978
These tolerances are designed to ensure that the errors due to scatter, taken together with the sy-stematic error limits given in Table 6, will result in overall measurement errors not greater shan those given in Table 7.
TABLE 5 LIMITS OF VARIATION BETWEEN REPEATED MEASUREMENTS OF THE SAME QUANTITY (BASEKFT;5% CONFIDENCE (Clalrses 5.11.3.1

or comparison has been demonstrated to be capable of measuring with systematic errors not exceeding the limits in Table 6 may be used. The devices or methods shall be agreed upon by both oarties concerned. TABLE 6 PERMISSIBLE SYSTEMATIC ERRORS OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS ( Clause 5.11.3.2 )
MEASUKED QUANTITY PER~~I~SIBLE Lrnr~~, %

and 5.11.3.2)

NunIBEIl OF SETS OF OBSERVATIONS

MAXIXUM PERMISSIBLE DIFFZRENCE BETWEEN LARCEST AND SWALLRST READINQS OF Eacrr QUANTITY
%

Rate of Row Pump total head Pump power input Electrical power input ( for overall efficiency tests ) Motor efficiency

2.5

Head

Rate of flow

Speed of Rotation

2.0

Torque Power Efficiency 3 5 7 9 1.8 3.5 4.5 5.8 1.0 2.0 2.7 3.3

! Speed of rotation

i -

* 1.4

-L

The arithmetic mean of all the readings for each quantity shall be taken as the actual value for the purposes of the test. If the values given in Table 5 cannot be reached, the cause shall be ascertained, the conditions rectified and a new complete set of observations made, i.e. all the readings in the original set shall be rejected. No reading or selection of readings in the set of observations may be rejected because it lies outside the limits. In the case where not due to procedure land cannot therefore of error may be analysis. the excessive variation is or instrumentation errors, be eliminated, the limits calculated by statistical

If the recommendations concerning the systematic errors of instruments as given in Table 6, and those concerning the actual test procedure, are followed, it should be assumed that the overall limits of error will not exceed those given below. TABLE 7 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE OF OVERALL ERRORS ( Clause 5.11.3.2 QUANTITY Rate of flow Pump total head Pump power input Electrical power input (for overall efficiency tests Speed of rotation Overall efficiency ( computed from the rate of flow, total head and electrical power ) Pump efficiency LIMITS

_.

) PERMISSIBLE LIMIT, %

4.5

5.12 Accuracy of Measurement - The limits of measurement errors laid down in this standard are those which refer to measurements taken and to quantities calculated therefrom; they apply to the maximum permissible discrepancies between measured and actual performances ( see 9.4 ). For the purpose of this standard, an error is defined as a value equal to twice the estimated standard deviation. It is assumed that there is a 95% probability that the estimated value of the true error will not exceed twice the estimated standard deviation. This test code specifies the standard methods of measurement and instruments to be used for the determination of rate of flow, inlet total head, outlet total head, pump total head, speed of rotation and pump power input. Any device or method which by calibration 13

5.0

6. PROCEDURE FOR MEASUREMENT OF RATE OF FLOW, HEAD, SPEED OF ROTATION AND POWER INPUT 6.0 The
6.1 following may be used. Measurement methods, of Flow among others,,

Rate

6.1.1 Weighing Tank Method - This method is capable only of measuring the mean value of the flow rate during the period concerned.
It is subject to the errors of the weighing, of the time-measuring apparatus employed, of the time taken for the diversion of the flow into and from the weighing tank and those involved in the determination of density.

IS : 9137-1978
NOTE - In the case where two tanks are used alternately during the measuring period, the flow being diverted from one to the other, only the times of initial diversion into and final diversion from the measuring system shall be taken into account, not the times of the intermediate diversions from tank to tank.

usually be detected by operating on the measuring device.

the air vents

Manometers used for differential pressure measurement shall be of the liquid column type and shall meet the requirements of 6.2.6. 6.1.4 .Notches, Weifs and Flumes -Recommendations for the construction and installation of notches, weirs and flumes are given in IS : 1193-1959*, to which reference should be made. For the purposes of this standard smallest scale division of any instrument for observing head shall be not greater that corresponding to 1.5% of the flow. 6.2 Measurement the used than

Tank Method This method, as in the case of the weighing method, is only capable of measuring the mean value of the flow rate during the-period concerned. In every case a leakage test of the tank shall be carried out and correction made for leakage if necessary; where possible, -initial calibration shall be carried out by weighing a liquid of Outknown density into the measuring tank. door taks shall be adequately sheltered so that the level and the level-measuring devices are not disturbed by wind or rain. In the case of big outdoor tanks the method is in general subject to errors in measurement of levels which are not stationary and which may be non-uniform. In such a~case the levels shall be simultaneously measured within stilling tubes, at not fewer than four widely separated positions within the tank. Water levels may be measured with hook gauges, float gauges, piezometer or eother instruments capable of maintaining the required accuracy. 6.1.3 Orijice Plates, Vanturi Tubes and NotzlesThe measurement of flow rate may be carried out using devices designed and installed in accordance with IS : 2952 ( Part I )-1964* for orifice plates and nozzles and IS : 4477 ( Part I )1967? for venturi tubes. Minimum straight lengths required upstream from the pressure difference device, especially, are given in IS : 2952 ( Part I )-1964 in the case of orifice plates and nozzles, and in IS : 4477 ( Part I )1967? in the case of venturi tubes. For the purpose of this will be considered to cause equivalent to a single 90 same plane as the pump stage of a multistage pump of the pump. standard the pump a i-low disturbance bend lying in the volute or the last or the outlet bend

6.1.2 Volumetric

of Head

6.2.1 Pressure TapPings and Instrument Connecting Lines - Static pressure tappings shall comply with the requirements sho\vn in Fig. 1 and be free from burrs and irregularities and flush with, and normal to, the inner wall of the pipe.
The diameter of the pressure tappings shall be between 2 and 6 mm or equal to l/l0 of the pipe diameter, whichever is less. The length of a pressure tapping hole shall be not less than twice its diameter. The bore of the pipe containing the tappings shall be clean, smooth and resistant to chemical reaction with the liquid being pumped. Any coating such as paint applied to the bore shall be intact. If the pipe is welded longitudinally, the tapping hole shall be displaced as far as possible from the weld. Pipes connecting pressure tappings to possible damping ~devices ( see 5.11.2 ) and to nstruments shall be atleast equal in bore to the bore of the pressure tappings. Ihe system shall be free from leaks. It is recommended that transparent be used so as to allow determination amount of water or air in the tubing. 6.2.2 Inlet Total Head tubing of the

The characteristics of these devices are calculated using above Indian Standards and the calibration is not required. Care shall be taken to ensure that neither cavitation nor air is present in the flow-measurSpecial care shall be taken to ing devices. ensure that the indications of the device are not affected by air coming out of solution at the control valve, The presence of air can --*Recommendations for methods of fluid flow by means of orifice plate and nozzles: Part I Incompressible fluids. tMethod of measurement of fluid flow by means of venturimeters: Part I Liquids.

6.2.2.1 Installation in accordance with 5.7.1.1 - These installations and the corresponding formulae are given in Fig. 2 and 3.
6.2.2.2 Installation in accordance with 5.7.2 -Where a pump is tested in combination with fittings forming part of the site or test installation: the provisions of 6.2.2.1 shall be applied to the inlet flange of the fittings and not to the inlet flange of the pump. This procedure debits against the pump all head losses caused by fittings on the inlet side.

*Methods of measurement of flow of water in open channels using notches.4 weirs and flumes.

14

IS : 9137- 1978

1 P 2d where

d = 2 to 6 mm or l/IO pipe diameter

whichever

value

is the less.

FIG. 1

REQUIREMENTSFOR STATIC HEAD TAPPINGS

L rlrt UIA (SEE 5.7.1.

2 PIPE DIAMETE (SEE 5.7.1.1) AIR

PLANE

+Zl t AZ,.,
On the figure: OSSIBLE RESIDUE =4arn LIQUID P, OF Zl.2<0 Z%%>O

a) The pump inlet

is under vacuum FlPE DIAMETERS ,SEE 5.7.1.1 1

HI= zl.l + T
On the figure: z1.1<0 z,.J>o

21.2 + %

2g

POSITION

OF

1.i..

TUBE CONTAINING MANOMETRIC LIQUID TUBE CONTAINING PUMPED LIQUID TUBE CONlAlNlNG AIR

b) The pump inlet

is under pressure The drawings show the principle but no full technical details.

FIG. 2

TEST OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP BY MEANS oI; LIQUID 15

COLUMN GAUGES

LS : 9137 -

1978
REFERENCE

a) Arrangement

for determining

reference

Plane

of Bourdon

type gauge

2 PIPE DIAMETERS (SEE 5.7.1.21

REFERENCE

On the figure:

/ // /
. POSITION OF

I
On the figure: Pl >o z1 >O

b) The pump inlet

is under vacuum

PRESSURE \ -ADING p, On the figure:

p1 >o 21 >o
3 PIPF

AIR

e) The pump inlet

is under pressure

The drawings

show the principle

but no full technical

details.

FIG. 3

TEST OF A CEXTRIFUGAL PUMP BY MEANS OF BOURDON GAUGES

16

IS : 9137- 1978
6.2.2.3 Instullations in accordance with 5.7.3 and 5.7.4 - Tile inlet total head is equal to the positional head with respect to the reference plane of the still surface of the liquid in lvhicll the pump is tested or from which it draws, plus the pressure head equivalent to the gauge pressure on that surface. This assumption debits against the pump all head losses caused by fittings on the inlet side. 6.2.3 Outlet Total Head friction losses, such as mentioned in 5.7.6 and 6.2.4.1, shall be taken into account. 6.2.4.3 Submersible pumps - If the outlet flange of this type of pump is, for practical defined as placed at a certain purposes, distance from the pump proper, and is thus preceded by an outlet pipe length and a bend or bends being always parts of the installation, the measurement of outlet head shall be made in accordance with 5.7.2. 6.2.4.4 Deep-well jumps - In this case, friction losses between the pressure measuring points and the inlet or outlet flanges, respectively, that may have to be taken intoaccount, shall be determined in accordance with the method given in 5.7.6 and Appendix C. Friction losses on suction are primarily caused by resistance to flo~v within the inlet strainer, the foot valve, and the inlet pipe. All of these head losses shall as far as possible be indicated at the time the contract is made by the pump manufacturer if he supplies such accessories, or by the purchaser if they are fitted by the latter. Should it prove impossible to submit such data lhe purchaser and the manufacturer, prior to the acceptance test, shall arrive at an agreement concerning the flow resistance data to be applied. Friction losses at outlet result from resistance to flow within the column-pipe and the outlet bend. Since deep-well pumps in general are not tested with the entire stand pipe attached, unless the acceptance test is performed at site, the pipe friction losses in regard to the pump total head shall be estimated and stated by the manufacturer to his purchaser. Shou!d it be considered necessary to verify the data indicated by an acceptance test at site, such a test shall be specified in the supply contract. For tests on installations conforming to the requirements of 5.7.2, 5.7.3 and 5.7.4, the guarantees also apply to fittings. 6.2.5 Pump Total Head - The pump total head is calculated in accordance with the definition given in 3.2.3.8. However, in certain cases the pump total head may be measured using one differential pressure device. This type of installation and the corresponding formulae are given in Fig. 5. When this is deemed preferable, the pump total head may be replaced by an expression giving the increase in specific -energy- of the fluid conveyed by the pump ( y=gH, see 3.2.3.9 ). The ( specific energy increase is obtained by multiplying both sides of the pump total head equation given above by g. -.

6.2.3.1 Installations in accordance with 5.7.1.2 -These installations and the corresponding formulae are given in Fig. 2 and 3. 6.2.3.2 Installations in accordance with 5.7.2 - Where a pump is tested in combination with fittings torming part of the site or test installation, the provisions of 6.2.3.1 shall be applied to the outlet flange of the fittings and not to the outlet flange of the pump. This procedure debits against the pump all head losses caused by fittings on the outlet side. 6.2.3.3 Installations in accordance with 5.7.3 and the corresand 5.7.4 - These installations ponding formulae are given in Fig. 4. However, if the pump discharges into a sump with a free surface, the outlet total head is equal to the positional head of the still surface of the liquid into which the pump delivers, plus the gauge pressure head. This assumption debits against the pump all head losses caused by fittings on the outlet side. 6.2.4 Total Inlet and Outlet Heads - Special to permit Cases - It will prove necessary exceptions from the above-mentioned standard arrangements in the following cases. 6.2.4.1 PUV$S conforming to the Jinal site installation - During the acceptance test, the pump shall be fitted with the pipe arrangements corresponding to the final ~arrangement at site. In this case the friction losses between the test point for measuring the inlet pressure and the inlet flange, as well as between the outlet flange and the test point for measuring shall be determined in the outlet presure, accordance with the method mentioned in5.7.6 and added to the sum of the differences of positional head, of pressure head and of velocity head. 6.2.4.2 Pun@ with inaccessible ends - If the inlet or outlet or both sides of the pump inaccessible, the procedure prescribed are above shall be followed in measuring the pumps head. Under certain circumstances,

17

IS : 9137 - 1978

H2

_k +
lag

z2

+v22

H =
PRESSURE

~1.~

:g
PRESSURE

IL

REFERENCE

PLANE

(b)

(a)

The

drawings

show the principle

but no full technical

details.

FIG. 4

ME.UX_J~EMENT 0~ PUMP

TOTAL

HEAD H FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF SUBMERGED PUMPS

6.2.6

hstrzrments

for

Pressure Measwement manometers h-0

The design of the manometers shall be such that parallax errors are minimized. Water column manometers may be either open ended ( for low pressure measurement only ) or closed Ii-it11 the air in the column both limbs compressed to the connecting amount required to permit the differential head to be rrad on the scale. The use of the liquid column manometer shown diagrammatically in Figures 2 and to which reference should be made. is 5,

6.2.6.1 Liquid colwnn calibration is required.

The minimum distance between graduations shall be 1 mm.

two scale

If possible, the use of differential liquid columns less than 50 mm high shall be avoided. If this is impossible, attention shall be specially drawn to errors of measurement. The length of the liquid column may modified by using one manometric liquid place of another. be in

For reading below 100 mm of liquid, the bore of manometer tubes shall be 6 mm at least for mercury and 10 mm for water and other liquids. The cleanliness of the liquid in the manometer s!lall be maintained to avoid errors due to variation of surface tension. 18

Connections bettween the pipes where pressure is measured and the manometer shall be made as sho\vn diagrammatically in Fig. 2. It is essential that there is no break in continuit) ( for example, by air pockets through failure to vent properly ) of the water between the pipe and the reading surfa.ce in the manometer.

IS : 9137 - 1978 frequency and motor slip data either directly measured ( for example, using a stroboscope 1 or supplied by the motor manufacturer. bvhere the speed of rotation cannot be directly measured (for example, for immersed pumps), it is usually sufficient to establish the frequency and voltage, 6.4 Measurement of Pump The pump power input shah measurement of the speed torque, or determined from the electrical power input to Of Itrio\Vn elficiency, directly pump. Power Input be derived from of rotation and measurements of an electric motor coupled to the

6.4.1 iIIeczwrm?mt of Torpe - Torque shall be measured by a suitable dynamometer, capable of cornpI!-ing \vith the requirements of 5.11. 6.4.2 E/ccf~ic TL :LCT ,~lrnszil.~,ne~:ls tv!JCJ-t electrical po\Yer input to an electric motor coupled directly to the pump is 11sed as a means of dctel nrinirlg the pun113 ilo\ier input, r!le foilol~;ing conditions shall be ol:ser~ed:
the

a) T!I~ motor sha11 be cpcrn!ed conditions Iv!;ere the efficiency Ivith sufficient accuracy,

r;:;ly ;,I is I;ilo~\-n

1~) ;\2otor efhcicncy shall be determined in accordance \vith the recommendations ofTS : 4E89-1968. The electric poxver input to the (iriving motor shall be measured by the t\vo-lvnttmeter method in the case of ac motors. This allo\vs the use of two singie-elemen: lsattmeters, or one dcwble-element cysttmeter or one single-element Ivattnietcr and suitable switches. In the case of a dc motor, either a wattmeter or an amperemeter and a voltmeter may be used. The type and grade of accuracy of the indicatin,g instruments for measuring electrical polver shall be in accordance with IS : 12f81968?_. LV1~ex-e the power input to an electric motor coupled to an intermediate gear, or the speed of rotation and torque measured by a dynamometer between gear and motor, are used as a means for determining the guaranteed pump porver input, it shall be statedi 11 the contract in Jvhat way the losses of the gear ~hdl be determined.

1~owdon dial gauges - \Vhen this outlet pressure measurements, to ascertain pump total head, it is recommended that the difference between tvvo consecuti\Te scale graduations be lvithin 1.5 and 3 mm for both measurements: and that this difference corresponds to not more than 576 of the pump total head.

6.2.6.2

type ofgaujic is used for inletand

6.3 Measurement of the Speed of Rotation - The speed of rotation shall be measured by counting revolutions for a measured interval of time, by a direct-indicating techometer or, in the case of a pump driven by an ac motor, from observations of the mean 19

*hIethods of drtermination electrical machines. j?+ecification for direct instruments (jrrt wuiSi0n ).

of rffxcirncy acting electrical

of rotatin? indicating

IS : 9137-

1978 be assumed to be free of he effects of cavitation if another test at a higher ( NPSH ) gives the same total head at tie same rate of flow. 7.1.1.2 A safety mr,rgin to be agreed in the contract shall be added to the ( NPSH ) which causes a drop of ( 3 + x^):A in total head or efhciency at a given rate of flow, or in rate of flow or efficiency at a given total head. From this test the behaviour of the pump at various departures from the specified ( NPSH ) may be judged. The value of x will be: x=K 2 to

6.4.3 Pumps with Inaccessible Ends - In the case of combined motor-pump units ( for example submersible pump or monobloc pump; or separate pump and motor with overall efficiency guaranteed ), the power of the machine unit shall be measured at the motor terminals if accessible. When a submersible shall be pump is involved, the measurement effected at the incoming end of the cables; cable losses shall be taken into account and specified in the contract. The efficiency given shall be that of the combined unit proper, excluding the cable and the starter losses. 6.4.4 Deep-tire11 Pumps -- In this case the power absorbed by the thrust bearing and the vertical shafting and bearings shall be taken into account. Since deep-well pumps in general are not tested with the entire stand pipe attached, unless the acceptance test is performed at site, the thrust and vertical shaft bearing losses in regard to power and efficiency shall be estimated and stated by the manufacturer to his purchaser. 6.5 Measurement of Pumping Unit Effithe efficiency of a ciency - To determine pumping unit, only the power input and output are measured, with the driver working In under conditions specified in the contract. this test, the proportion of losses between driving agent and pump is not established, nor any losses associated with intermediate machinery such as gear box or variable speed device. 7. CAVITATION TESTIN%

The resulting ( NPSH ) shall be equal or less than the required ( NPSH ).

\Vhen negotiating the safety margin, account shall be taken of the type of pumps, of the number of stages, of the physical properties of the liquid to be pumped and of materials of construction and the operating conditions to be expected. 7.1.2 Methods of Varying the (NPSH) The following methods may be used: -

7.1.2.1 The pump is installed in a closed pipe loop (see Fig. 6 ) in which the pressure level or, by an alteration of temperatures, the vapour pressure may be varied without chang-. ing the pump head or rate of flow until cavitation occurs in the pump. Cavitation in outlet and inlet regulating valves may make this test more difficult and special valves may be required. Arrangements for cooling or heating the liquid in the loop may be needed in order to maintain the required temperature, and a gas separation tank may also be required. The tank shall be of sufficient size and so designed as to prevent the entrainment of gas in the pump inlet flow. De-aeration of water used for a cavitation test is necessary if the pump is to be used in practice with de-aerated water. Stilling m/s, where the tank. screens may be needed if t> area 0.25 of

7.1 General -When the contract specifies a (NPSH), a test may be conducted to verify that the ( NPSH ) required by the pump is equal to or less than the specified ( NPSH ). In no case shall the cavitation tests be used to check that the pump will be free from cavitation erosion during its service life. 7.1.1 possible Test Types - There are types of cavitation test: two distinct

a)

A check may be made simply to show that the pump is sufficiently free of cavitation at the specified duty and ( NPSH ). This type of test is described in 7.1.1.1; and In the other type, cavitation performance is explored more fully by reducing ( NPSH ) until measurable effects are This type of test is described noted. in 7.1.1.2.

A is the

cross-sectional

b)

7.1.2.2 The pump draws liquid through an unobstructed suction pipe from a sump in which the level of the free liquid surface may be adjusted ( see Fig. 7 ). 7.1.2.3 The pressure of the liquid entering the pump is adjusted by means of a throttle valve installed in the inlet pipe at the lowest practical level (see Fig. 8 ).

7.1.1.1 A test at the specified flow rate and ( NPSH ). The pump characteristic can

20

IS : 9137 - 1978
TO VACUUM OR PRESSURE CONTROL AY NOZZLE FOR AERATING WATER THE SETTLING TANK 5 .L x NOT BE NEEDED ii AiR CONTENT OF WATER IS CONTROLLABLE

FLOWMETER

COOLING HEATING

PUMP UNDER TEST MAY BE PUT IN SYPHON IF (NPSH) -z W IS NEEDED

Pump under test may be put in syphon if ( NPSH ) < NOTE - Cooling by means of a coil may be replaced &d an extraction of heated water. The drawing shows the principle but no full technical

W is needed. by an injection details. of cool water above the liquid free surface

FIG. 6

CAVITATIONTESTS -

VARIATION OF ( NPSH ) BY MEANS OF A CLOSEDLOOP ( see FIG. 1, 2 AND 3)

TO THROTTLE FLOWMETER

WATER

LEVEL

-t-q_-l---1-----

The drawing shows the principle cal details.

but no full techni-

The drawing cal details.

shows the principle

but no full techni-

FIG. 7 CAVITATION TESTS-VARIATION OF (NPSH) BY CONTROLOF LIQUID LEVEL AT INLET (see FIG. 1 AND 2) 21

FIG. 8 CAVITATION TESTS-VARIATION OF (NPSH) BY MEANS OF A THROTTLEVALVE AT INLET (see FIG. 1 AND 2)

ISr9137-1978 Cavitation in the flow through a throttle valve can sometimes be prevented by~using two or more throttle devices connected in series or by arranging for the throttle valve to discharge directly into a closed vessel or a large diameter pipe interposed between the throttle and the pump inlet. Baffles and a means for extracting air from such a vessel may Abe needed, especially when the ( NPSH ) is low. When the throttle valve is to be partially closed and it is situated at a distance less than 12 inlet diameters from the pump inlet flange, it is necessary to make sure that the pipe is ~full of liquid at the position of the inlet pressure tappings. 7.2 Determination of (NPSH) Required by the Pump - Tests described in 7.1.1.2 can be conducted by any of the methods indicated in Fig. 6 to 8. However, test as per Fig. 8 is more practicable and is recommended for normal commercial testing of industrial pumps. By this method the measured value of NPSH required by the pump is generally higher than what would be expected under simulated conditions ( see also Fig. 9 ). 7.3 Limits of Error in Determination of Specified (NPSH) - The maximum limits of error concerning specified ( NPSH ) measurements shall be: a) 5.3% of the measured ( NPSH ), or b) 0.2 m, whichever measurements manometer. is the greater, provided that the are made with a liquid column The vapour pressure of the test liquid entering the pump shall be determined with sufficient accuracy to comply with 7.3. When the vapour pressure is derived from standard data and the measurement of the temperature of the liquid entering the pump, the necessary accuracy of temperature measurement may have to be demonstrated. The active element of a temperaturemeasuring probe shall be not less than l/8 of the inlet pipe diameter from thewell of the inlet pipe. If the immersion of the temperaturemeasuring element in the inlet flow is less than. that required by the instrument manufacturer, then a calibration at that immersion depth. may be required. Care shall be taken to ensure the tempcrature measuring probes inserted into the pump inlet pipe do not influence the measurements of inlet pressure. 8. TESTS OTHER ON PUMPS THAN CLEAN FOR COLD LIQUIDS WATER

The performance of a pump may vary substantially with the nature of the liquid being pumped. Although it is not possible to give general rules whereby performance with clean cold water can be used to predict performance with another liquid, it is often desirable for the parties to agree on empirical rules to suit the particular circumstances and test the pump with clean cold water. 8.1 Characteristics of Clean Cold WaterThe characteristics of the water corresponding to what is called in this standard clean cold water shall be within the limits indicated in Table 8. The total dissolved and free gas content of the water shall not exceed the saturation volume corresponding, a) for an open circuit, to the pressure and temperature in the pump sump; and b) for a closed loop, to those existing tank.
TABLE 8 SPECIFICATION COLD WATER OF UNIT C ma/s k/m3 free solid kg/m3 kg/m3 CLEAN

The case of tests with liquids at high temperature or near their critical points should be studied with special care in the contract. Measurement of Pump Head, Outlet Rate, Speed of Rotation, Power Irput (if necessary) and Vapour Pressure The requirements of 6 regarding the measurement of head, outlet rate of flow, speed of rotation and power input shall also apply during cavitation tests. If the test conditions are so unsteady as to require repeated readings, variations of specified ( NPSH ) are permitted up to a maximum of:
Flow

7.4

in the-

CHARACTERISTIC

hfax 40 1.75 x -106 1 100 2.5 50

a)

I.5 times the values Table 5, or

given

for head in
Temperature Viscosity Mass density Non-absorbent content Dissolved

b) 0.2 m, whichever is the greater,

Particular care is needed to ensure that in the flow measurement cavitation does not affect the accuracy of the flowmeter. It is also necessary to take care to avoid the ingress of air through joints and glands.

solid content

IS : 9137 - 1978 8.2 Characteristics of Liquids for which Clean, Cold Water Tests are Acceptable Pumps for liquids other than clean cold wdter may be tested for head, flow rate and efficiency with clean cold water if the liquid is within the specification in Table 9. -TABLE 9 CHARACTERISTICS OF LIQUIDS ACCEPTED AS CLEAN COLD WATER

--

If the deviations in speed of rotation from the specified speed of rotation Q, do not exceed the permissible variations stated in 5.8, the measured data on the discharged flow rate Q, the total head H, the power input P, the net head NPSH and the positive suction efficiency q, can be translated as follows :

Qsp Q(T) =

UNIT
--~

Min
Manx

10 x 10-S 2 000

_
PTO limit

Viscosity hfass density frco

( NPSH

)sl, =
%I) =

( NPSH
rl

h,m-absorl,ent solids content

The total dissolved the liquid shall not volume corresponding:

and free gas content of exceed the saturation

If the deviations in speed of rotation from the specified speed of rotation tlsl) exceed the permissible variations stated in 5.8, it will be necessary to stipulate the formula for translating the test results to the basis of the specified speed of rotation. In the case of combined motor-pump units or where the guarantees are lvith respect to an agreed frequency and voltage instead of an agreed speed ( see 4.1.3.4 ) the flow rate, pump total head, power input, and efficiency data are subject to the abovementioned translation laws, provided that nsp is replaced by the frequency fsr, 71 by the frequency f. and Such translation, however, sha!l be restricted to the cases where the frequency during the acceptance test varies bv no more than 1% from the frequency prescribed for the characteristics under guarantee. If the voltage used in the acceptance test is no more than 50/, above or below the voltage on which the guaranteed characteristics are based, the other operational data require no change. If the abovementioned tolerances, i. e., l$ for frequency and 50/bfor voltage, are exceeded, it will be necessary for the purchaser and the manufacturer to arrive at an agreement. 9.2.2 rests made with (JWPSH) dt&rent from that Cuczranteed - Pump performance at a high ( NPSH ) cannot be accepted ( after correction for speed of rotation within the permitted limits of 5.8.3 ) to indicate the performance at a loI\-er NPSH. Pump perfcrmance at a lolv WSH can be accepted after correction for speed 01 rotation within the permitted limits of 5.8.3, to indicate the performance at a higher KPSH provided that the absence of cavitation has been checked in accordance lvith 7.1.1.1. 9.3 Measuring Inaccuracies ments are inevitably subject 24 - All measureto inaccuracies,

a) for an open circuit, to the pressure and temperature in the pump sump, and b) for a closed loop, to those existing tank. Tests on pumps for liquids other specified above shall be subject agreement. in the

than those to special

In the absence of a special agreement, cavitation tests shall be carried out with clean cold water. Attention is drawn to the fact that the results may be affected by this procedure when the liquid to be pumped is not clean cold water. 9. ANALYSIS

OF TESTS

9.1 Test Data Required for the AnalysisThe quantities required to verify the characteristics guaranteed by the manufacturer are given in 4.1. Methods given in 6. for measuring these quantities are

9.2 Translation of the Test Result to the Guarantee Basis - Such translation serves to determine whether the guarantee would have been fulfilled if the tests had been conducted under the same conditions as those on which the guarantee is based. 9.2.1 z-ra,lrlnlio?l Of the Ipst &Y&s i?ZfO Data E!l~c-d 011th S@xpd Speed of Rotation or Frequr/i!l) - All test data obtained at the speed of from the specified rotation II, in deviation speed of rot3 *i 171 *Tsl,,shall be translated to the basis of the specified speed of rotation nfiy.

1s : 9137 - 1978
even if the measuring procedure and the instruments used, as well as the analysis directives, fully comply with prevailing acceptance rules. Wh en comparing the test results with the guaranteed characteristics, these inaccuracies shall be given adequate consideration. The fact should be stressed that the term c measuring inaccuracies merely covers the errors that are unavoidable with all measurements, they refer in no way to the pump and the guaranteed characteristics. The maximum permissible limits of overall error for the quantities concerned for Class C measurements are defined in Table 7. 9.4 Verification 9.4.1 of the Guarantee XQ = 0.07 XH = 0.04 If tance from shall the guarantee point lies at a vertical dis+ AH and a horizontal distance -$ A 2 the test curve ( see Fig. 10 ), the following be evaluated:

Thus, if the total amount is greater than or equal to 1, the guarantee condition will be deemed to have been met, and if the total amount is less than 1, the guarantee condition has not been achieved. 9.4.2 Ejjkiency -The efliciency shall be derived from the measured QH curve where it is intersected by the straight line passing through the specified duty point QCHG and the zero of the QH axes. The efficiency at the point of intersection shall be atleast 95% of that specified. For combined is 95.50/,. These ing errors motor-pump units this value from the measur-

CwrlesQH and Q_q - Guarantee points QcHc and Qor,o are plotted on a graph and a continuous curve is then drawn through the measured points Q.H and another through the points Q/Q of which Q. is measured and 8 is calculated. If the test is made at a value of speed that isdifferent from that specified as relevent to the particular guaranteed values, the test points shall be corrected to the specified speed of rotation in accordance with 9.2. Similarly, if the test is made at a value of frequency different from that relevant to the particular guaranteed values, the test shall be corrected to the specified frequency. Tolerances f XQ and f Xff respectively shall be applied to the guaranteed duty point QH. These tolerances include the maximum permissible limits of overall error eQ an&H ( seeTable 7 ) and the constructional tolerance. In the absence of a specific agreement as to the values to be used, the following values may be taken: H

values result only ( see Table 7 ).

9.4.3 Pump Power Injut - The pump power input within the range defined in 9.4.1 by the tolerances f XQ and & XII, shall not exceed that agreed between the manufacturer and This value purchaser at the time of contract. applies to the conditions of use of the pump as specified in the contract. Such an agreement may have to take into losses and account different transmission different gland and seal torques between works test and site operation.

GUARANTEED

DUTY

MEASURED

-POINTS

FIG. 10

CURVE QH FOR THE VERIFICATION OF THE GUARANTEE

25

IS : 9137 - 1978 9.5 Test Report - After results, the latter shall vvith as many report, parties. The test report by the chief of tests alone with the representatives and the purchaser.
The test information a) b) Place scrutiny of the test be summarized in a copies as there are shall be signed either or by him together of the manufacturer the following test; of pump, year of

f ) Observed
g) Evaluation h) Conclusions:

readings; and analysis of test results;

1) comparison 2)

of the

test

results

with

the guarantees,

report shall contain ( see Appendix G ): and date

of the acceptance name, type and possibly

determination whether the guarantees covering certain specific areas or only partly were completely fulfilled or not fulfilled at all, can be accepted and under what whether or should conditions, the pump be rejected

hIanufacturers serial number, construction; Guaranteed conditions Specification

3) recommendation 4) if

C)

characteristics, operational during the acceptance test; of the

pumps

d)

drive;

the guarantees are not fully satisfied the final decision whether the pump can be accepted or not is up to the purchaser, taken agree-

e) Description of the test the measuring apparatus calibration data;

procedure and used including

5)

statements arising out of action in connection with any special ments that were made.

APPENDIX (Clause
GUARANTEES

A 4.1.2)
PUMPS
values head of flow input of the published,

FOR MASS-PRODUCED

A-l. Wlten, for mass-produced pumps, the manufacturer makes relercnce in his cataloguc to this test code, the curves published in his catalogue shall be such that any pump corresponding to the curves gives for any chosen operation point, after Class C tests, results not

divergent from the curve by more than:

-J= 6 :G for total f *g 8 U/0 for rate /I for power

APPENDIX B ( Clause 5.7.1 )

EFFECT B-l. OF PRE-SWIRL INDUCED BY THE PUMP

Errors in the measurement of pump inlet head can occur at part capacity due to preswirl. This can be detected and corrected on the follo\ving basis. B-2. The differential head is measured between the specified inlet measuring section and another position further upstream where the 26

pre-swirl induced by the pump is known to be absent ( for example the sump ). This differential head should follow a quadratic law with flow; any departure from this law will show the amount by which an inlet head measurement must be corrected for the effect of pre-swirl induced by the pump ( see Fig. 11 and 12).

IS :9.137 - 1978

GAUGE

U$ED

FOR

Fro.

11

EXAMPLEOF INSTALLATION WITH PRE-SWIRL

Fro.

12

CORRECTION OF MEASURED INLET HEAD

APPENDIX

( Clauses 5.7.6 and 6.2,4.4 )

FRICTION C-1. The formula given in 5.7.6 for calculatmg head loss due to friction involves a lengthy calculation, which would lead only in many cases to the conclusion that a correction need not to be applied. 02. Figure 13 may be used as a preliminary check as to whether a calculation need be made. It applies to straight steel or wrought iron pipes of constant circular cross section, handling cold water. Outlet and inlet pipes are assumed of equal diameter, and measuring points 2 diameters upstream and downstream of the inlet and outlet flanges respectively ( 5.7.1 ). G3. If the pipes are of different diameters, the 27 -LOSSES diameter of the smaller pipe should be used. Then if no correction is indicated, the calculation need not be made. C-3.1 If correction is indicated, Fig. 14, which applies only to steel or wrought-iron pipes handling cold water, may be used to determine the value of A. C-4. In cases where pipes are of other material, or the liquid is not cold water, the graph by Moody, given in Fig. 15, may be used, or the formula for X given in 5.7.6 may, if preferred, be solved. For the pipe roughness k one may take the values given in Table 10 according to the Mechanical Engineers Handbook, Edition 1958.

IS:9137-1978

90

80

50

70

100

150 200 250 300 :"o: 450 E 500 E 625~ 760 & ~~~0 P

NO CORRECTjON

REC&tIRED

5 w rr n.

I L

10

VELOCITY
FIG. 13

(m/s)

CHART SHOWING VELOCITIES ABOVE WHICH Lots CORRECTIONSARE REQUIRED

28

IS : 9137 - 1978

0.021 50

0.020 t-i ;0.019 2 0 ii! g t, z 0.016 LL 0.015 0.017

0.018 100

150

0.014 0.013

250 3w-l _I 50 3! Ll 30

0.012

n.ncc

450 0-5

0.010

VELOCITY
Surface roughness

(m/s)

( K) = 5.186 x 10-S m

Kinemstic

viscosity ( V) = 1.022 x IO-G~I,Z,/S

FIG,

14

FRICTION

FACTOR CHART

29

IS : 9137 - 1978
LAMINAR h FLOW CRITICAL ZONE

0.1
0.09 q.08

mttm+mml
0.06
0.05

0.05
0.04 0.03

0.015

O.OL

0.03

0.01 0.006 0.006 0.004

M
lo3
2 3456

0.000

01

104. 2

3456

8 lo5

3456

8 lo6

REYNOL .DS
FIG. 15

NUMBER
FACTOR

Re=

VD v

VALUES
TABLE

OF

FIIICTION

h MOODY CHART k FOR PIPES

10 ABSOLUTE

ROUGHNESS

COMBIERCIAL PIPE ( NEW ) MATERIAL ABSOLUTE Rouo~~zss k OF TILE SUNFACE, mm

Glass, drawn brass, or lead Wrought iron, steel Asphalted cast iron Galvanized iron Cast iron Concrete Riveted steel copper Smooth 0.05 0.12 0.15 0.25 0.3 to 3.0 1.0 to 10.0 -

I I

APPENDIX D ( Claclses4.2.1 and 5.10 )

COSTS AND REPETITION D-2. D-2.1 OF TESTS REPETITION accuracy to Should the OF TESTS or data test be fail party the of the demand the measurement that the the assume

D-0. Matters of a purely commercial nature such as the cost of rhe tests are not included in the scope of this standard and should be made the subject of special agreements between the parties concerned. D-l. COSTS OF AND SPECIAL ACCEPTANCE TESTS TESTS

In case of doubt as to the correctness both the manufacturer

adequate obtained, are repeated. to justify demanding

and purchaser

entitled

new measurement expressed, test must

D-l.1 It is recommended that the .costs of acceptance tests and special tests be clearly stated in the contract.

doubts

the renewed

cost of repetition.

Is 8 9137* 1978

AiPFENNa-IX f czw St.1 ) 1

CONVERSlON

TO SI UNITS

E-1. This Appendix gives factors for conversion to SI units of some of the quantities expressed in multiples or sub-multiples of SI units and in units other than SI units. The, conversion factor is the number by which the value expressed in various units should be multiplied to find the corresponding value in SI units.
CONVERSION QUANTITY SYMBOL OB SI UNIT of ma/s FACTORS CONVERSION FACTORS Symbol l/s ms/h l/h I/mm gal ( UK )/min ft3/s gal (US)/min barrel ( US )/h 10-3 l/3 600 1~3 600000 1j60 000 0.000 075 77 0.0283168 0.000 063 09 0.000 044 16 103 l/3.6 l/3 600 0453 592 37 98 066.5 105 i ) J 133.322 9.806 65 I.488 16 101 325 6 894.76 103 16.018 5 103 9.806 65 1.163 735.5 745.7 6.293 071 9.806 65 1 I

VARIOUS UNITS Name litre per second cubic metre per hour litre per hour litre per minute imperial gallon per minute cubic foot per second gallon ( US ) per minute barrel ( US ) per hour ( petroleum ton per second ton per hour kilogram per hour pound per second kilopond per square centimetre kilogram-force per square centimetre bar hectopieze torr conventional millimetre of mercury conventional millimetre of water poundal per square foot standard atmosphere pound-force per square inch kilogram per cubic decimetre gram per cubic centimetre pound per cubic foot kilowatt kilopond metre per second I. T. kilocalorie per hour cheval vapour+ horse power* British thermal unit per hour kilogram-force metre per second decapoise poise dyne second per gram per second kdopond second centipoise poundal second

Volume flow

rate

Mass rate of flow

kg/s

I
tii kg/h lb/s kp/cmx kgf/cmn bar hpz torr mmHg mmHs0 pdl/fts atm lbf/ina ( psi ) kgjdms g/cm3 Ib/fts kW kp*m/s kca:Eth hp Btu/h kgfm /s daP P dynes/cm2 g/s.cm kps/ma CP pdl.s/fts St = ems/s cst f@/s >

Pressure

N/ma ( also known as Pascal : Pa )

Density

kg/m3

Power

Viscosity ( dynamic cosity )

vis-

N.s/ms = kg/ms

square centimetre centimetre per square metre per square foot

10-l 9.806 65 10-3 1.488 16

Kinematic sity

visco-

ma/s

stokes centistokes squre foot per second

0%x+2 903 0

10-a 10-e

*No international

symbol exists for this unit; the symbol shown is the most common.

31

IS19137

-1978

APPENDIX ( Cluuse 5.11 )

CHECK F-l. The following is a check list of items where agreement is recommended between manufacturer and purchaser before the test. It should be noted that it will not always be necessary to agree upon all these items during the elaboration of the contract: LIST

to be 6) liquid ( see 4.2.3 );

used

for

acceptance

test

7) inlet and transmission well pumps ( see 6.2.4.4 8) cable losses ( see 6.4.3 ( see 6.4.2 ); );

losses in vertical and 6.4.3 );

1)

extent a)

of guarantee: without motor pump-motor ( see 4.1.1 unit ); ( see

pump

b) combined 4.1.1 );

9) gear losses 10) arrangement 11) time of 12) location

13) 14)

of self-priming tests

for proving priming ability pumps ( see 5.7.5 ); ( see 5.2 ); ( see 5.1 ); ( see 5.6 ); ( see 5.7.1 and 5.7.2 );

c) guaranteed values [ for example flow rate, total head, power input, ehiciency, ( NPSH ), etc ] ( see 4.1.1, 4.12, 4.1.3.3, 4.2.1 and 9.4.3 ).

of tests

test equipment test arrangement

2) 3) 4) 5)

method NPSH

of verification of guaranteed ( see 4.2.1 and 7.1.f ); deviations outside per( see 5.8.3 and 9.2.1 ); deviations ( see 9.2.1 outside );

rotational speed missible tolerance

of tests when 15) chief out at manufacturers

test is not carried works ( see 5.4 ); Appendix D ); in a ); and to

voltage and frequency permissible tolerance

16) test costs 17) number

batch

( see 4.2.1,

method of prediction of pump performance from a test using clean cold water ( see 8 );

of pumps to be tested of identical pumps (see 4.2.1

18) any

other aspect of pump behaviour be checked during the test.

AP-PENDIX ( Clause 9.5 )

PUMP TEST SHEET

G-l. The pump test sheet illustrated in this Appendix is given for guidance for presenting pump test It does not purport to include all the information results and to assist in their interpretation. required from a pump test and modifications may be necessary depending on the type of pump, its . applrcatron, and the mode of calculation.

32

IS t 9137.1978
PUMP TEST SHEET ( Class C )

1 Sheet No.

I Nature

of Test

Customer: Pump

Type
Volume Total rate head of flow ( QQ )

I
(Ha )
(t)

Makers

Order

Number ( nsP ) .

Order

No. input

, I

Diameter Diameter

of inlet: of outlet:

Guaranteed values

1 Speed of rotation
I
Efficiency ( r,G )

-Power

( Pa ) suction head (u) ( PH ) Voltage Current Speed of rotation ( NPSH )

Net positive kinematic degree

Temperature Pumped liquid Density Maker Motor Type (p )

viscosity of acidity of phases

Test certificate -. Power Rate of flow

Number Speed

of rotation Power

1Inlet
head ___._._.---

tt!F

( NPSH) p--Y-p

Torque

I Gear

Method Conrtant

used _ p-

( t
Barometric pressure

Head correction reference plane to

I 1 Idet

Tect conditions

Room temperature Temperature of teat liquid

Results of mea surement

,
..__ ,.__.. Flow rate ___ Speed of rotation --___.._. ----Time interval -.-- - ----.. -

. .._. -.
Outlet head rea

..- -

Outlet Head

head

Power

( torque

Overall

efficiency efficiency rate of flow

__- .-..

--

---__-_
Volume

Pump

---_-+___.--$

.--

,..___q-.

Values referred tc specified speed of rotation

--...
( NPSH )

-__

Notes

Representatives

33

Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the @ram of hdiatt Stattdurds Act, 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country. Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and ~&es, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publication), BIS. Review of Indian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indizm Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest nmendmcnt.. or edition by referring to the latest issue of BIS Handbook and Standards Monthly.Additions.

Amendments Amend No. Date of Issue

Issued Since Puhlic~tion Text Affected

BUREAU-OF Headquarters:

IN~DIAh STANDARDS Telegrams: Manaksanstha (Common to all offices) Telephone 32376 17,3233841 337 84 99,337 85 61 337 86 26,337 9120 60 38 43 1 60 20 25 235 02 16,235 04 42 { 235 15 19,~235 23 15 832 92 95,832 78 58 1 832 78 91,832 78 92

Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110002 Telephones: 323 0131,323 33 75,323 94 02 Regional Offices: Central Eastern Northern Southern Western Branches
: Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg

NEW DELHI 110002

: l/14 C.I.T. Scheme VII M, V.I.P. Road, Maniktola

CALCUlTA

700054 160022

: SC0 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH

: C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CYENNAI 600113

: Manakalaya,

E9 MIDC, Marol, Andheri (East) MUMBAI 400093

: AHMADABAD.

BAN&LORE. BHGPAL. BHUBANESHWAR. COIMBATORE. FARIDABAD. GHAZIABAD. GUWAHATI. HYDERABAD. JAISUR. KANPUR. LUCKNOW. NAFPUR. PATNA. Pum. TI-~IRUVANANTHAPURAM. Pi%&d Simco at Printing Press, Delhi,
Jndia

AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO

OCTOBER 1981

IS : 9137 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS-CLASS
Corrigendum [ Page 8, clause 3.2.3.12(b), last sentence ] Substitute the following for the existing the liquid

sentence: and this is

But the vapour pressure of the liquid cannot be changed without increasing or decreasing

the temperature of always not feasible. Alteration

( Page 11, clause 5.8.2, last sentence ) The following formula shall be applied: 1 - 91 K-where q1 = efficiency at actual for &ciency N* * X; > (

Substitute

the following ti -

for the existing efhciency

sentence: speed,

correction

at specified speed,

N, - specified

N 1 = actual test speed, and

n test speed, Addendum = exponent established by test data, the value of the exponenr is O-l-7.

(Page

26, clause 9.5 ) -

Add the following

new clause after 9.5: Fig. 10A ) ms/h Therefore AH 25 m, AQ= 100

9.6 The worked out examples indicating the application of the formula gas given in M.1 are given below: Eram#e 1: duty of pump: 1000 ms/h 50 m 1480 rpm 80 percent to 1 480 rpm

a) Guaranteed Capacity Head Speed Efficiency

= 0.64 + 0.49 = 1.3 Hence, the pump characteristics within the acceptable limits. is

b) Readings corrected read as follows: Rdte r~ifkxu ( ms/h )

0

Head (m ) 55 54 535 50 47.5 39

Power Absorbed ( kW ) 127.5 146 162 166 170

Eficiency Percent 34.6 59.9 75.5 7% 75

300 600 909 1000 1200

d) The duty point ( 1000 ms/h, 50 m ) is connected to ( 0, 0 ) and the intersection of this line with the characteristic curve is determined which being ( 970 ms/h, 48.5 m). This duty, considered as the actual pump duty has an efficiency of 7i%. lower limit on guaranteed e) Permissible efficiency (O-95 x 08 ) = 0.76, that is, 76%. Smce actual pump efficiency is 77% this is also within acceptable limits.

c) Characteristic curves @is H, QJ/s 7, QV/S P are drawn from graph (se, Gt 1

GUARANTEED OUTY: lOO0 m3/h fi 5OmMO% AT 1460 rpm ACTUAL DUTY : 970 m/h ~49.5 m x 77% lj

FIG. 10A

CHARACTERISTICCURVE FOR PUMP OF GUARANTEED DISCHARGE x 50 m HLAD

DUTV OF 1 000 m3/h

Exampte !I: a) Guaranteed Capacity Head Speed Efficiency duty of pump: 200 mJ/h 25 m 1480 rpm 70% to 1 480

Fig. 10B) mJ/h Therefore

AH = I-5 m,

AQ-

40

h) Readings when converted rpm read as follows: Capacity (mg/h) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Head (m) 26.5 27 26.5 25.5 23.5 21 17 15.5 16.4 17.3 18.2 19 19.6 Power Absorbed (kW)

200 x 0 07 L 25 x 0.04 2 -+ 40 1.5 ) ( > ( I Q.414 4 + 0.122 5 = = 0.566 9

E&ciency Percent 23.8 44 60 70.2 75.2 70.9

Hence, the pump characteristic within acceptable limits.

is not

d) The duty point ( 200 ms/h, 25 m ) is connected to ( 0, 0) and the intersection of this line with the characteristic curve is determined from the graph which being ( 191 ms/h, 24 m ). This duty considered as the actual pump duty has an efficiency of 68.5;<. e) Permissible lower limit on guaranteed efficiency is 0.95 x O-7 = 0.665, that is, 66.5%. Since actual pump efficiency this is within acceptable is 68.5% limits.

c) Characteristic

Qvle aredrawn P

curve3 Qv/& Qvj,,,?, from graph (see

I I I I
AH = 1.5 m

I I I

I I I

11:

AQ: 40 mB/h

IIIXilllllllll

I i

GUARANTEED DUTY : 200 m/h I 25 m x 70 % l) AT 1460 rpm ACTUAL DUTY : 191 mr/h x 24 m I 66.5 7. q

lw RATE OF m

280 IN mlh (Q)

300

Fxo. 10B

CHARACTERISTIC CURVEFORPUMP GUARANTEED OF DUTY OF200 ms/h DISCIIARGEx 25 m HGAD

(EDC 35)

4
Printed at blmco Prlntina Prero. Delhi. IndM

AMENDMENT

NO. 2
TO

JANUARY 1984

IS : 9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C
Alterations ( Page 14, clause 6.1.4, first para ) -

Substitute

the following

for the

existing

para: to methods of and IS : 9108for the

wave wave

6.1.4 Nofches, ?I& and~Flumes -- The details pertaining measurement arc given in IS : 6062-1971*, IS : 6063-1971t 1979$. ( Page 14, foot-note existing foot-note: *Method of measurement flume-fall. tMethod of measurement flume-fall. $Liquid flow measurement
with * mark ) of Row of water of flow

Substitute
-channels

the following
using standing

in open in open thin

of water channels

channels plate

using standing

in open

using

weirs.

(EDC35)

Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi, India

AMENDMENT
IS :

NO.3
TO

MARCH

1989

9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL, MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C
Substitute _ the foilowb) Readings follows: -Rate of Flow f m31h 1 0 2 001) 4 000 6 000 8 000 9 000 corrected Head to 555 rpm read as

( Pope 9, cfawe 4.2.1 ) ing for the existing clause:

<4.2.1 Contractual Objects of tire Tests --The tests are intended to ascertain the programme of the pump and to compare this with the manufacturers guarantee. However, attention is drawn to the fact that the NPSH test increase the cost of the tat substantially. -It shall, therefore, be specified by the purchaser in order/contract, if KPSH test is to be conducted ( see also Appen: dixD). Where a number of identical pumps are to be purchased, and if NPSH test is specified in the cormact, one pump shall be tested as type test, for other tests the method of sampling of pumps as per IS : 10572-1983 Mcth& of sampling pumps shall be followed. ( Page 20, ciausc 7.1 ) ing for the existing clause: Substitute the follow-

Power Absorbed ( kw ) 562 I7 704.37 83690 881.73 891*?5 47.5 735 84 89 88

Cm)
50 49 47.5 43 36 32

cl Characteristic

curves Qv H, Qvla ?, Qva P arc drawn on graph ( see Fig. IOC ), A H - 2 m, A Q = 600 ma/h

Therefore:

7.1 General - When the contract specifies that SPSH IeSt shall be conducted to verify whether KPSH required by the pump is equal to or less than the specified/guaranteed NPSH, one of the test methods as specified in 7.1.1 shall be adopted to conduct NPSH teat. In no case shall cavitation test be used to chtcb: that the pump shail be free from cavitationai erosion during its service life. ( Pay 2-1, claurr 9.2.1. third para after e$cienc_v tnxziot Ion j - Substitute the foilowing for the cxxting matter: it shall If nqp exceeds 20 percent variation, be necessary to appiv corrections on efficiency as gi:.en in 5.3. The stipuiation for H, Q and STSH shail remain accordin? to 9.2.1 irrespcc. tlr-c 01 ngp variations. - ?),f 6. slausa 9.6 ( ICC i_v Amendment _\>.l : 7 - .idd the following examTies in 9.6: Z,*;amo;z 3. _* :Vhen pmp fails to pc:ver input to rhc pump: 31 Guaranteed duty Caoaciq Tot31 head Speed EiFcienc)Power input to pump duty point Gr 1 at meet tL-_ guaranteed = 0.6 724 + 0.49 = I.162 4 Hcncc the pump characteristics the acceptable limits.

is within

dl The duty point ( 6 600 ms(h. -11 m ) is connected to ( 0,O : snd the intersection ot this line with the characteristic curve is determined which being 6 200 mJ,h. 42 m. This duty considered as the actual pump dut! has an ediciecq ot 32.5 percent.
e

of )uI~_!x
6 COOm3/h II 31 c-xz rpm 83 Tercent X5.6 kW

?ermissib!e lower Limit on guaranteed e,<ciency ( 0.05 x I!.85 ) ~3 0.807 5, that is. 80 75 percent. Since actual pump efficiency is 8-1*5 percecr this is also within acceptable limits.

f The power input to the pump within the range defined in 9.4.1 by the tolerances +_YQ and *_Ya is 336.9 to 852.4 k\V. As qreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser the power should not excerd $3 k\V. Sir.ce the Fewer input within the range exceeds 828 k\V. the pump fails to meet the power consumption.

60 z . I; LO w 0 L4. w" 20

F:c.

iOC

Exnmpie 4: LVhen ?umn :qz& to mee: :ae quxz:ec(: efficiency p&t: Rc:,_ c_: F!.X / m h 3 0 300 ms/h 7.3 m 1 460 rpm 54 percent 1 I.35 1;1\ 2 100 1:o 2cf.I 2.50 300 325 .2. . . . .
.

Pcnr .-lLkti;
( k\l-

2-l

a!

Guararueca DU.Q of Pump Capacity Total head

!5

perccct 0 36 4; 54 61 58 15

l-i*5 13.3
i2.j

9.88
IO*02

Speed Efficiency Power at duty point

11.5 10.5 3.5 6.5

10.37 11.6 11*;2 Il.08 12.8

=I

Characteristic curve Qv/~ H, QVh q, Qvlr P are drawn on graph ( see Fig. 1OD ) A H = 1.0 m, A Q = 20 mu/h Therefore

This duty considered as 8.0 m ). actual pump duty has an efficiency 50 percent.

the of

Ho x X,x AH
7.5 x 0.04 1.0 + 1 ( i-102 5 = 1.192 5 characteristics 300 x 0.07 20 s

4 Permissible

= o-09 +

-(

lower limit on guaranteed efficiency ( 0.54 x 0.95 ) P 0.513, that is, 51.3 percent. Since the actual efficiency is 50 percent the pump fails to meet the .I guaranteed efficiency. .~_

Hence, the pump acceptable limits.

is within

f,

The duty point ( 300 ma/h, 7.5 m ) is connected to ( 0,O ) and the intersection of the line with the characteristic curve is determined which being ( 317-5 m/h,

The power input to the pump within the range defined in 9.4.X by the tolerance &X, and fXa is 11.98 kW to 13.35 kW. Since the power input as agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser lies within this range, the power consumption is within acceptable limits.

-0

50

100
RATE OF FLOW
m

150

200

250

300

IN tn3ib(Q)
at 1 460 rpm DUTY OF 500

A H = 10

Guaranteed Dn:y Acfual Duty FIG. ( EDC z5 1 iOD

JQ =20mS = 300 ms h x 75 x flJ; = 3175 mjh

x 8 m x 50n; at 1 $30 rpm

CHARACTERISTIC CL.RVE FOR PUMP OF GCARANTEED DISCHARGE x 7.5 m HLAD

rns/h

Printeo at Slmco Printin Press. Delhi. India

AMENDMENT NO. 4
TO

SEPTEMBER 1989

IS : 9137 - 1978 CODE FOR ACCEPTANCE TESTS FOR CENTRIFUGAL MIXED FLOW AND AXIAL PUMPS - CLASS C
( Pags16,Fig. 3b ) Substitute Pa > 0 for PI < 0 and PI < 0 for PI > 0 .

(EDCSS)

Printed at Shco Printing Press; Delhi, India