Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1. Define the following words, which are written in bold and underlined in the
passage above. The way theyre written is identical to the way theyll
appear in the dictionary.
a. Absurd (adj):______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
b. 1 Affection (n): ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. 1 Trifle (n): _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
d. Ingratiating (adj): __________________________________________
________________________________________________________
e. 2 Missionary (n): ___________________________________________
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2. Read the first two lines of the primary source. Do you think that Atkin
would like or dislike George Washingtons plan of building Fort Necessity in
the middle of Indian land?______________________________
3. Gifts are a major way the French gain friends among the Indians. Explain
how gifts help the French make friends with
a. The Indians that they present the gifts to: ______________________
________________________________________________________
b. Other Indian tribes: ________________________________________
________________________________________________________
4. Atkin mentions that French missionaries easily make friends with the
Indians, while English merchants dont. Why do you think missionaries
would be better at making friends with people than merchants? (Hint:
whats the major focus of a merchant and a missionary? You might want to
check your definition of missionary for help.)
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5. What do you think Atkin means when he says that We must build forts in
the Indians hearts?
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6. Look at the following statement. If we wanted to summarize Atkins
message, a good summary would be: To get the Indians on our side, its
better to act like friends rather than as bullies. Explain why you agree or
disagree with that statement.
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_____________________________________________________________
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Top picture: The Shooting of General Braddock by Edwin Willard Deming, which shows the way the French
and their Indian allies liked to fight.
Bottom picture: A Charming Field for an Engagement by Robert Griffing, which shows the way the
British/English liked to fight.
Outcomes for the men, women, and children of the British army at Fort William Henry
Killed
200
Taken prisoner
400 (of whom 200 were
ransomed from the Indians by
the French).
1. Define the following words, which are written in bold and underlined in the
passages above. The way theyre written is identical to the way theyll
appear in the dictionary.
a. 1Alien (adj) the second definition: ___________________________
________________________________________________________
b. Deprive (vb) the second definition: __________________________
________________________________________________________
c. Enlisted (adj): ____________________________________________
________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
d. Horrid (adj): ______________________________________________
2. Add up the number of people from Fort William Henry those who were
killed, those who were taken prisoner, and those who took refuge with the
French.
a. How many people were there in the English army at Fort William
Henry? __________________________________________________
b. What fraction of the army was killed in the massacre? Use the lowest
form. ___________________________________________________
c. What fraction of the army was eventually saved meaning those
that were ransomed back to their families and those who took refuge
with the French? Use the lowest form. ________________________
3. How do you think the massacre at Fort William Henry would affect the
attitudes of English soldiers and colonists towards Montcalm and the
French? How do you think it would affect the motivation of British and
American troops for the rest of the war? __________________________
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4. In some ways, the massacre was the result of differences in what
victory meant to the French and to their Indian allies.
a. To prove that they were victorious, what did the French want from
their enemies? ___________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
b. What did the Indians want to prove that they were victorious?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. How do you think the differences in that definition of the word
victory led to the massacre? _______________________________
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Letter written by William Pitt in 1758 to the governors of New Hampshire, Massachusetts,
Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, and New Jersey.
608
608
1,216
1,520
2,128
1000
800
2,680
5,000
7,000
1. Define the following words, which are written in bold and underlined in the
passages above. The way theyre written is identical to the way theyll
appear in the dictionary.
a. Succeed (vb) (1b): ________________________________________
________________________________________________________
b. Counterpart (n) (3): _______________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. Treasury (n) (2):___________________________________________
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It is important for us, my brothers, that we exterminate from our land the British people,
who seek only to kill us. When I go to the English chief to tell him that some of our brothers
are dead, he laughs at me and makes fun of me and you. When I ask him for something for
our sick, he refuses and tells me to go away. You can see that he seeks our ruin. There is no
time to lose, and when the British have been defeated we will guard the shores to ensure they
never return.
--Speech by Pontiac, a chief of the Ottawa tribe, to a gathering of other Indians, in 1763
Why do you complain that our young men have fired at your soldiers and killed your cattle
and your horses? You marched your armies onto our land and build forts here. We told you,
again and again, that we wanted you to leave. This land is ours, and not yours.
-- Speech given by Shingas and Turtles Heart, chiefs of the Delaware tribe, to British
messengers in 1763
We will never abandon Fort Pitt as long as the white man lives in America. I despise the
Ottawa, and am very much surprised at our friends the Delawares, for suggesting that we
leave this place and go home. This is our home.
-- British Captain Simon Ecuyers response to Shingas and Turtles Hearts speech in 1763
I wish there was not an Indian settlement within a thousand miles of us. Could it not be
contrived to send the smallpox to those discontented tribes of Indians? We must use every
tactic to reduce their numbers.
-- Sir Jeffrey Amherst, commander of the British Army, in a letter to Captain Ecuyer
Turtles Heart, a chief of the Delawares, came a short distance from Fort Pitt. He made a
speech about how Indians were on their way to attack us, and out of friendship to us, he had
told other tribes not to join our attack. We invited him in for a feast and thanked him grandly
for his assistance. We gave him two blankets and a handkerchief from our hospital that had
belonged to a soldier who had died of smallpox. We hope this will have the desired effect.
-- William Trent, a British merchant at Fort Pitt, from his diary in 1763
1. Define the following words, which are written in bold and underlined in the
passages above. The way theyre written is identical to the way theyll
appear in the dictionary.
a. Exterminate (vb): _________________________________________
________________________________________________________
b. Despise (vb): _____________________________________________
________________________________________________________
c. Contrive (vb) (1):__________________________________________
________________________________________________________
d. Discontented (adj):_________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. Explain how the British caused this conflict.
a. Look at Pontiacs speech and explain how the British attitudes
towards Indians helped turn the Indians into enemies.
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________________________________________________________
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b. Look at Turtles Hearts speech and explain what British actions
angered the Indians. _______________________________________
________________________________________________________
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3. Labor efficient means to get some big result with only a small amount of
work. What is Sir Jeffrey Amhersts plan for killing off the Indians, and how
could it be viewed as labor efficient? _____________________________
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