Science Notes Year 5

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------UNIT 1: MICROORGANISM
1.1 Microorganism is a Living Thing
-

Microorganism is a very tiny organism and cannot be seen with the naked eyes
Microorganism only can be seen through microscope
They are various types of microorganism, example:
(a) Bacteria

It is a simple plant cell

It does not have chlorophyll to make its own food
It gets its food from live and dead organisms
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Science Notes Year 5

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(b) Virus

It is smallest microorganism
Its gets its food from live organism only

Science Notes Year 5

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(c) Fungus

It is a non-flowering
flowering plant
It does not have chlorophyll to make its own food
It grows on other wet or moist organisms

Science Notes Year 5

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(d) Protozoa

A few protozoa contain chlorophyll

It is usually found in marine, freshwater and moist habits

Science Notes Year 5

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(e) Algae

It contains chlorophyll to make its own food

It lives in pond, lakes, oceans and in many other mist habits

Science Notes Year 5

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The effect of yeast on dough can prove that microorganism breathes.

When microorganism breathes it causes the dough to rise
The microorganism grow can be proven by sprinkling a few drops of water on a slice of bread.
After a few days, the fungus will be formed on surface of the bread

The movement of microorganism can be seen in the water.

We can observe the movement of the microorganisms under a microscope by using samples
water from ponds, rivers or drains.

Science Notes Year 5

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Experiment 1
Purpose
Things

:
:

Things you need

Method

Observation

Conclusion

To find out that microorganisms move

(a) to keep the same :- the volume of water
(b) to change
:- types of water
(c) to observe
:- the movement of microorganisms
10cm3 of water from pond, river and drain, microscope, water dropper,
slides and measuring cylinder
1. A drop of water from pond is put on a slide
2. The slide is put on a microscope.
3. The movement of microorganism through the microscope is
observed.
4. The observation is recorded.
5. The steps are repeated for water from river and drain.
Microorganisms do not stay permanently on their place for all sample
water.
Microorganism move.

1.2 Some Microorganism are Harmful and Some are Useful

- Some microorganisms can be used to make bread, tapai, tempe and fertiliser.
- But some other microorganism can cause illness, food poisoning, food to turn bad, and tooth
decay.
- Stomach upset, measles, cough, flu, tooth decay, scabies, conjunctivitis, mumps and AIDS are
the diseases caused by microorganisms
- There are some ways can protect ourselves from microorganisms:
(a) By washing hands before handling food and after using the toilet
(b) By boiling water before drinking
(c) By covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing
(d) By covering wounds
(e) By putting who have chicken pox, conjunctivitis or mumps into quarantine.

Science Notes Year 5

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------QUESTIONS
1. List out three of the uses of microorganisms.
(a) _________________________________
(b) _________________________________
(c) _________________________________
2. State three of the harmful effects of microorganisms
(a) _________________________________
(b) _________________________________
(c) _________________________________
3. Ah Meng has conducted an experiment by sprinkling a few drops of water on a slice of bread.
Then, he put the bread in a plastic bag and the observation is made after three days.
(a) Predict the observation after three days
______________________________________________________________________________
(b) What conclusion can be made from your answer in (a)?
______________________________________________________________________________
(c) List out three of the diseases caused by microorganisms.
(i) _________________________________
(ii) _________________________________
(iii) _________________________________
(d) State two ways to prevent diseases caused by microorganisms.
(i) _________________________________________________________________________
(ii) _________________________________________________________________________