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22 th thut chp nh m cho ngi mi bt u Tc gi : Peter Travers Cc th thut nhanh chng v d dng chp nh k thut s cho hnh nh tt hn trong

bng ti. T cc thit lp chp nh m cho my nh ca bn vi nhng tng to ra nhng bc nh vi nh sng yu. Tm hiu lm th no chp nhng tm nh m vi my nh v cc th thut cho ngi mi bt u. Cho d bn mun tm hiu lm th no c hnh nh ca bu tri m, tm hiu lm th no v vi nh sng hoc ch mun bit cc ci t camera cho hnh nh cht lng cao, hng dn ny s lm sng t nhng cu hi thng thng v k thut ph bin ...

1. c nhng bc nh m cht lng cao Nu bn mun chp m tt nht bn cn phi chp cht lng hnh nh tt nht, v c ngha l nh dng nh RAW. Bng cch chp RAW bc nh ca bn s gi li nhiu 'thng tin' nht, mang n cho bn kh nng ln hn hiu chnh nh ca bn trong Adobe Camera Raw v cc phn mm x l khc. RAW c li ch c bit khi chp m v n cho bn linh hot hn khi bn mun thay i nhng th nh nhit mu (hoc Cn bng trng-WB) hoc tng (sng) hoc gim (ti) phi sng 2. S dng chn my cho hnh nh sc nt Chp vo ban m r rng l s c t nh sng v do lm chm tc mn trp. Bt c tc no, t 1n 30 giy u l thi gian qu di bn c th gi chc my bng tay. V vy, bn s cn phi mang theo gi ba chn nu bn mun kt qu sc nt. Hy chc chn rng gi ba chn ca bn c dng ng cch v chc chn - rt d dng hnh nh tr nn mm mi bi v bn s khng phi kim tra
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li. Hy treo ti ng my nh vo di cng ca ct trng tm ca gi ba chn nu c th ( theo em hiu l tng n nh, chng rung, nh kiu ti ht u ln my nh-ND ). V ng gi gi ba chn khi bn ang chp vi tc mn trp chm, v bt k chuyn ng nh no u c th khin hnh nh b m. 3. Chn a im chp nh m thun li Trc khi l m vo ban m, nu bn c k hoch chn ch trc n s gip bn tit kim thi gian qu gi sau ny. Chn v tr tt, hng ra nhng im tt nht trong thnh ph ca bn tm nh sng v kin trc th v nht, hoc nu bn ang tm kim chp nhng vt n giao thng, hy kim tra nhng con ng c tp np nht, khi no l thi gian tt nht cho giao thng, v l v tr tt nht (v an ton nht) t ng chp. Hy xem cc bc nh thu vin trn PhotoRadar gi cho bn cm hng, xem cch cc nhip nh gia khc gii quyt nh sng thnh ph vo ban m.

4. S dng khu ca ng knh ph hp nht S dng di "im tt nht" (nguyn vn ting Anh l sweet spot, em tm dch nh vy, nu cha ng cc bc hiu chnh gim em) ca khu cho ng knh ca bn - thng gia f / 8 v f/16, nhng hy chp th tm c khu ny. Ngay c ng knh chuyn nghip cng khng to kt qu tt nht khi c s dng khu ti a hay ti thiu ca n. Bng cch s dng khu gia phm vi c th bn s tng kh nng chp nhng bc nh sc nt vi ng knh ca bn. 5. Thit lp cc ci t chp m kim sot phi sng, tt nht l chp ch Manual bn c th chn m ng knh hp tt nht v tc mn trp chm chp nh ban m. Bt u bng cch thit lp m hp khong f/16, sau xoay chnh tc mn trp cho n khi im phi sng gia ca di Ch s phi sng. Chp th mt s nh v
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xem li chng trn mn hnh LCD ca bn. Hy nh rng y l nhng g my nh ca bn cho l phi sng tt nht, nhng nu bn thy nhng bc nh qu sng, hy gim 1-2 stop chng thc s nhn ti hn! 6. Lm th no c c hiu ng 'ngi sao' ca n ng S dng mt khu nh (khong f/16) s khng ch m bo su hn v trng nh, m cn to cho bc nh ca bn c sc nt t tin cnh n hu cnh, v cng s lm cho n ng 'lp lnh' trong nhng cnh ca bn, to cho bc nh mt hiu ng thn k. Xem nh di y ...

7. Thnh phn trong mt bc nh m Cn thn nghin cu hin trng trc khi bn bt u chp nh. Cc phn ca khung cnh trong bng ti? Hy to cho cc vng ca bc nh tr nn th v, y mu sc, sng rc r hoc ti hn nh n vn c? Nu vy, ng ngi phng to khu vc n nh nht. Phng to vi ng knh gc rng hoc zoom bng chn - ch cn di chuyn gn hn n ch th ...
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8. S dng Mirror Lock-up S chuyn ng nh nht c th to lc my nh khng mong mun, v iu ny thm ch cn bao gm cc gng di chuyn ln xung bn trong my nh SLR k thut s ca bn. Bn c th nhanh chng kch hot tnh nng Mirror Lock-up (tm n trong trnh n menu ca Cc chc nng ty chnh).

Nikon D200 chc nay nay c ngay trn nt xoay lng my

Nikon D7000 chc nng ny c ngay trn nt xoay nh my

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Cn nh Canon 450D th n nm trong menu nh ny 9. ng chm vo my nh ca bn! Khi chp phi sng di vo ban m, thm ch chm vo my nh ca bn bm nt chp cng c th to ra s dch chuyn lm m bc nh. S dng tnh nng chp hn gi c tch hp trong my nh kch hot chp t ng sau khi bn nhn nt trnh bt k s rung my no. i vi cc tm nh m da vo thi gian chnh xc, s dng mt b kch hot t xa (xem hnh bn di, y l dy bm mm-ND).

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10 Sng to tng cho chp ngi Lc no cng vy, nhng nhip nh gia chng ta i trn ng ca mnh, trnh ngi lt vo trong cc bc nh chp phong cnh p ca chng ta. Tuy nhin, khi ni n chp nh m, bao gm c m ng ngi trong khung hnh c th lm tng thm cc tng phn v s th v cho tm nh ca bn. Nu ngi khng di chuyn, hy th s dng h nh mt hnh bng sng to lm ni bt tm nh. Hoc, nu mi ngi ang i b qua, hy th s dng mt tc mn trp khong 1/4-1/2 giy h l bng m 'sng to'.

11. Thit lp ISO no l tt nht chp nh vo ban m? ISO ci t bn cn phi ph thuc vo loi hnh nh m bn ang chp. Nu bn ang chp cnh thnh ph vi phi sng lu, bn s s dng gi ba chn, v vy bn c th gi ISO mc 100 hoc 200. iu ny cng s gi cho mc nhiu gim - l tng cho gi li chi tit ti a trong cnh chp m. Nu bn chp mt bui trnh din ngoi tri vo ban m v gi my bng tay, bn s cn phi y ISO ln (hy th ISO 1000 hoc ISO 1600) m bo tc mn trp nhanh chp nh sc nt. 12. Cc bc nh lm m chuyn ng Chp chuyn ng m trn my nh c th chuyn i nhng cnh bun t thnh tc phm gy n tng v ngh thut. Tin tt l, ging nh hu ht chp nh vo ban m, bn ch cn s dng my nh k thut s ca bn trn gi ba chn v chn mt tc mn trp chm (th t 2-5 giy, ty thuc vo tc ca phng tin giao thng m bn ang chp hnh) c sng to nh chuyn ng vo ban m.

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13. Ly nt t ng hay chnh tay? i vi nh chp ban m tt nht l s dng c hai t ng ly nt (AF) v chnh tay (MF). S dng AF ly nt vo b phn ca khung cnh, sau chuyn sang MF kha ly nt. Bng cch my nh ca bn s khng b t ng thay i canh nt khi thay i nh sng hoc khung cnh hoc khi phng tin giao thng vt qua tng ln. Khi chp trong bng ti bn s cn phi tm mt phn ca khung cnh sng my nh ca bn c th t c AF. Nu bn gp vn , chuyn sang MF v s dng Live View phng to mn hnh LCD ca bn v kim tra im ly nt ca bn l tt trc khi chp vi nhiu phi sng lu. 14. Thi im cho chp nh m Thi im ban m c th lm cho tt c mi th khc bit khi ni n nhng vt sng n giao thng. S c thm phng tin giao thng trung tm thnh ph ca bn t 5-6pm mi ngy. Bn mong mun vo gi cao im! Thit lp mt ni an ton bn mt con ng tp np v th nghim vi phi sng 10-30 giy bt c nhng vt nh sng dy c nht. Hy th v ng mn trp nh khi xe but hai tng chy qua m nh sng pha trong v pha sau s to ra vt dy v tr cao v thp trong khung hnh ca bn. Lu rng vo u bui ti, vn s c mt cht nh sng trn bu tri - ngay c nu n trng ti bng mt thng. M cc hnh nh no sau y lm bn thch hn? Rt c th, l bc chp u tin, vi bu tri xanh nh hn v ng ph tp np.

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15. Ci t cn bng trng vo ban m Nu bn ang s dng t ng cn bng trng, n d dng lm cho DSLR ca bn nhm ln vi nhng g c cho l thit lp tt nht ca cn bng trng (WB) khi chp di nh n ng ph vo ban m. m bo kt qu ph hp, hy t thit lp WB; th my (Cloudy -6000K) lm m ln cnh ca bn (lm cho chng mu da cam) hoc nh n sn khu (Tungsten-3200K) lm mt xung nhit (lm cho chng trng xanh).

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1.6 Tt IS n nh hnh nh (Image Stabilisation-IS) trn ng knh l hu ch cho vic gim rung my khi bn ang chp cm tay, nhng n c th c tc dng ngc li khi bn ang s dng chn my v ang phi sng lu - nhng cm bin hi chuyn bn trong hu ht cc ng knh IS thc s to chuyn ng khng mong mun. Tt chc nng IS v bn s khng phi lo lng! Lm nh th cng s lm tng tui th pin hu ch trong iu kin lnh. 17. Lm th no sao chp nh nhng vt sao? Trong khi nhng vt n giao thng phi sng vi 30 giy, th nhng vt sao c th mt hn 30 pht! C hai phng php chp nhng vt sao, trong mt phi sng ko di, hoc trong mt lot cc phi sng tip ni nhau. Vi phng php phi sng n, tt nht l s dng my nh ca bn vi chc nng Phi sng lu c gim nhiu (Long Exposure Noise Reduction). Vn vi mt phi sng ko di l bu tri c th tr nn kh sng thi im cui cng. Hoc bn c th to mt lot cc phi sng v trn chng vi nhau bng cch s dng mt phn mm l Startrails ( www.startrails.de ). S dng khu f / 4 v ISO 400 cho nhiu nh sng i vo. Chp mt lot cc bc nh phi sng 30 giy trn Bulb ( ch Manual) v ch chp lin tip (vi chc nng Phi sng lu c gim nhiu tt). Trnh t cn phi hn mt gi hoc hn cho mt hiu ng th gic tt.

18. Phn chiu vo ban m cho bc nh ca bn vo ban m ni bt, hy tm nc pha trc ca ta nh, sng, h, phn chiu gp i s lng n chiu sng v mu sc trong hnh nh ca bn. Ngay c thi tit m t, thi tit ma ng c th gip bin va h v sn xm xt vo cc b mt phn chiu th v, t to ra mt s tin cnh th v.
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19. Hiu ng c bit Hy th k thut zoom chp hiu ng ngh thut ca nh sng ban m. i vi iu ny, bn s cn mt ng knh zoom 18-55mm hoc ng knh kit 17-85mm s lm nn mt bc nh c o, v mt tc mn trp chm - ph thuc vo nh sng sn c, khong 1/15-1/4 giy l mt khi u tt. Bt u vi ng knh gc rng ca n, sau phng to khi bn nhn nt chp. Ngoi ra, bt u phng to, sau nhn nt chp v thu nh. Th nghim v bn s sm c kt qu chp zoom tt! 20. V vi k thut nh sng Vo mt m khng trng, bt k hn , rng cy v vt th c nh trong cc bc nh phong cnh ca bn cng c th tr thnh bng tng phn vi bu tri, v vy hy chiu sng chng bng cch s dng mt ngn uc. Vi mt bng n dy tc, c trng 'v' s mang mt mu vng. Bi bao ph ngn uc vi mt CTB (mu Nhit Blue - Colour Temperature Blue)gel mu xanh, bn c th to ra mt hiu ng, t nhin hn nh trng. Cho hnh nh vin n gin tt nht: n trc khi tri ti tm thy nhng b cc tt nht. Chuyn sang ch phi sng bng tay v bt u vi phi sng khong 120 giy khu f / 8. Chnh khu ln hoc xung t hoc thay i tc chp iu chnh phi sng. Thi gian khng phi l mt khoa hc chnh xc - ch tnh trong u ca bn! Gi ngn uc trong chuyn ng, nu khng bn s c cc mng v vt bn nh sng trn ch th

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21. Hy gi my nh ca bn lm vic trong thi tit lnh Nng lng ca pin gim mnh khi chp trong iu kin lnh - v khi chp phi sng lu. trnh b loi khi vng chin u v l mt bc nh hon ho, gi mt hoc hai cc pin d phng trong ti o ca bn bn sn sng nhanh chng thay th khi pin ht. Chng ta thng thy rng bng s gi m, cc pin lnh trong ti ca chng ta s tr v vi cuc sng bn c th s dng n khi cn thit. Chng ti bit chng ti khng cn phi ni, nhng bn cng ng qun gi cho mnh m p - v nu bn ang trong mt khu vc nhn nhp hoc chp nh gn nhng con ng, hy mc o d thy (o phn quang-ND) tng thm an ton. 22. Th thut phng ti k thut s Khi x l nh RAW chp m trong Adobe Camera Raw, ng ngi ko cc thanh trt Nhit ln tng cng ca nh sng v mu sc. y nh thanh trt Vibrance and Saturation ln mt cht cng c th lm tng mu sc v vy ng qu lm dng n. S dng thanh trt phc hi sau khi cc tinh chnh chng nhn mnh cc im chy sng, thng c th xut hin sau khi bn thc hin ci tin mu sc v tone nh.

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