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Strain Gauges
In order to calculate the stress induced in the towing hook device and tie rod, we need to take into account the youngs modulus of elasticity and basic stress- force equation. For a Strain gauge 4, in 2nd compression cycle, strain comes to be - 1177399m/m, Strain (L) = 1.17799e-3 Stress = Youngs modulus (E) * Strain = 2.1e5*1.17799e-3 = 247.37 N/mm2 Force = Stress*Cross sectional area = 247.37*(/4)*202 = 77.71kN In a similar way, we can calculate the stress values for other strain gauges. For Strain Gauge 1 for Strain Gauge 2
For Strain Gauge 3 Strain Gauge 3 Strain (Unitless) 1.08E-03 8.30E-04 1.07E-03 8.35E-04 Stress (N/mm2) 2.27E+02 174.27 2.25E+02 175.35 Force (kN) 7.13E+01 54.751 70.591 55
For Strain Gauge 4 Strain Gauge 4 Stress (N/mm2) 2.46E+02 154.35 2.48E+02 155.4
For Tie Rod Tie Rod Stress (N/mm2) 2.44E+01 24.57 2.44E+01 24.78
In order to calculate the max bending of constraining structure, we will assume the constraining structure as a beam with both ends fixed and moment of inertia as 1.14e-5 mm4 and E = 2.1e5 N/mm2. M.I. = depth*width3/12 = 0.06256*0.133/12 = 1.14e-5 mm4 Now consider the beam as following: From the maximum force value of force on the tie rod in the 2nd tension cycle (7.784kN), We can calculate the maximum bending in mm of the beam. From the Macau lags method of beam deflection, we calculate the deflection of the beam.
2) Stress Contour: