Bao Cao Thuc Tap CDU - Nhan BKDN

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU
KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh
Mc Lc
LI M U..................................................................................2
AN TON TRONG NH MY LC DU DUNG QUT..................................................4
I.Mc ch:...........................................................................................................................4
II.Nhng ni quy trn cng trng:......................................................................................4
III.Tnh hung khn cp:......................................................................................................4
3.1.Cc bc khi thng bo tnh hung khn cp:...........................................................4
CHNG 2............................................................................................................................11
TNG QUAN V NH MY LC DU DUNG QUT...................................................11
I.C cu t chc ca nh my lc du Dung Qut:............................................................11
II.Tng quan:......................................................................................................................13
2.1.Phn xng chng ct du th (Phn xng s 011)...............................................16
2.2.Phn xng x l Naphtha bng hydro (Phn xng s 012)..................................17
2.3.Phn xng reforming xc tc lin tc (Phn xng s 013)..................................17
2.4.Phn xng x l Kerosene (Phn xng s 014)...................................................18
2.5.Phn xng Cracking xc tc tng si cn (Phn xng s 015)............................24
2.6.Phn xng x l LPG (Phn xng s 016)...........................................................25
2.7.Phn xng x l Naphtha ca phn xng RFCC (Phn xng s 017)...............26
2.8.Phn xng x l nc chua (Phn xng s 018)..................................................26
2.9.Phn xng ti sinh Amine (Phn xng s 019)....................................................27
2.10.Phn xng trung ha xt thi (Phn xng s 020).............................................27
2.11.Phn xng thu hi Propylene (Phn xng s 021).............................................28
2.12.Phn xng thu hi lu hunh (Phn xng s 022).............................................28
2.13.Phn xng ng phn ha (Phn xng s 023)..................................................28
2.14.Phn xng x l LCO bng hydro (Phn xng s 024).....................................29
CHNG 3............................................................................................................................30
TNG QUAN PHN XNG CHNG CT KH QUYN (CDU-UNIT 011)..............30
I.Tng quan phn xng CDU:..........................................................................................30
1.1.c im du th:.....................................................................................................31
1.2.Yu cu sn phm ....................................................................................................33
1.3.Cn bng vt cht:.....................................................................................................34
1.4.Thuyt minh cng ngh :..........................................................................................36
II. Cc thit b chnh:..........................................................................................................37
2.1. Cng ngh thit b....................................................................................................37
2.2.Cc h thng trong phn xng chng ct kh quyn:.............................................37
CHNG 4............................................................................................................................56
TNG QUAN THIT B IU KHIN TRONG PHN XNG CDU...........................56
4.1.H thng iu khin cm Cold Preheat Train...............................................................56
4.2.H thng iu khin khu vc tch mui:......................................................................57
4.3.H thng iu khin cm Hot Preheat Train:...............................................................59
4.4.H thng iu khin Pumparound nh:.......................................................................61
4.5.H thng iu khin pumparound KER v LGO:.........................................................63
4.6.H thng iu khin pumparound HGO:......................................................................64
4.7.iu khin mc cht lng trong thp chnh T-1101 (LIC-007):..................................66
KT LUN.............................................................................................................................69
...............................................................................................................................................69
SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn
Trang 1
LI M U
Ngnh cng nghip du kh ng vai tr ht sc quan trng trong thi i
ngy nay. T khi bt u khai thc nhng thng du u tin, con ngi nhn ra
rng y l ngun nng lng v cng qu bu cho s pht trin ca ton nhn loi.
Vi s pht trin ht sc nhanh chng ca khoa hc cng ngh, con ngi dn dn
khm ph c nhiu li ch khc nhau t ngun vng en ny.
Nh my lc du Dung Qut thuc khu kinh t Dung Qut, l nh my lc du
u tin ca Vit Nam, c xy dng trn a bn: x Bnh Thun v Bnh Tr,
huyn Bnh Sn, tnh Qung Ngi. y l mt trong nhng d n kinh t ln v trng
im quc gia ca Vit Nam. Nh my lc du Dung Qut ng dng nhng cng
ngh tin tin nht trn th gii. Nh my l biu tng cho s pht trin vt bc
ca ngnh cng nghip Vit Nam ni chung v ngnh du kh Vit Nam ni ring. S
Trang 2
ra i ca nh my gp phn ng k trong vic khai thc v s dng ngun du

th c hiu qu Vit Nam. Thm vo , sn phm ca nh my p ng c 30%
nhu cu xng du trong nc nn lm gim c cn cn nhp siu ca Vit Nam.
Thc tp ti nh my l nim vinh d cho em v cc bn. c s tn tnh
hng dn v gip ca cc anh ch ti nh my, em hc tp c nhng kin
thc thc t rt b ch v cng c li kin thc l thuyt m hc. Khng nhng th,
em cn hc tp c tc phong lm vic cng nghip.
Trong thi gian thc tp, do kin thc cn hn ch, nn em khng trch khi
nhng sai st. Vy, knh mong qu thy c v cc anh ch ng gp kin bi bo
co ca em c hon thin.
Em xin chn thnh cm n qu thy c, ban lnh o v ton th cc anh ch
trong nh my lc du Dung Qut to iu kin cho em hon thnh t thc tp
ny.
Qung Ngi, thng 10 nm 2012
Nguyn Trng Nhn
Trang 3
CHNG 1
AN TON TRONG NH MY LC DU DUNG QUT
I.Mc ch:
Hiu c nhng vn sc khe, an ton v mi trng ti cng trng
nh my lc du Dung Qut.
Nng cao thc v HSE ti cng trng
Tun th cc yu cu bt buc v HSE
Khng tai nn hoc thng tch xy ra
Khng nhim mi trng
Khng cho thit hi, h hng cc thit b, dng c v ang s dng
ti cng trng.
II.Nhng ni quy trn cng trng:
Khng ung ru bia v s dng ma ty trong cng trng
Khng a gin v nh nhau trong cng trng

Ch c ht thuc trong nhng khu vc quy nh
V sinh: vt t tha v rc thi c tch bit v sao cho ph hp
Tc gii hn ca phng tin trn ng l: 20km/h
i vo phn ng dnh cho ngi i b.
III.Tnh hung khn cp:

3.1.Cc bc khi thng bo tnh hung khn cp:
in thoi: Thng bo:
Tn ca nn nhn
Chnh xc v tr
Gp tai nn g
Yu cu gip nhng g
Xc nhn ngi nhn thng tin ny hiu vn .
Gi in cho bc s hoc l phng y t.
3.2.Tnh hung khng c in thoi:

Nh ngi no gn bn tm h ngi gim st gip
Trang 4
Hy bo v nn nhn trnh lm tnh trng trm trng hn

Yu cu mi ngi trnh xa nn nhn
Ngng hot ng cc thit b gn ni xy ra tai nn
i b phn cp cu n vi nn nhn.
IV.Phng tin bo v c nhn:
V.Cc khu vc c th xy ra tai nn:

5.1.Lm vic trn cao:
5.1.1.Yu cu chung:
Nhng cng vic t cao 2m tr ln, phi c lp t sn thao tc hoc
gin gio
Gin gio ch c lp hoc tho bi nhng ngi c chuyn mn
Gin gio s c kim tra v gn th cho php s dng vi nhng ngi
kim tra gin gio c chuyn mn
Dy an ton v b phn gim sc phi c eo trong khi lm vic cao
Trang 5
trn 2m
100% phi mc dy an ton khi lm vic cao t 2m tr ln
5.1.2.Dy an ton:
Phi lun lun eo dy an ton khi lm vic trn cao, dy an ton phi c b
phn gim sc.
5.2.Lm vic trong khng gian hn ch:

Khng gian hn ch c hnh dng v kch thc khc nhau, c li vo v li ra
hn ch
5.2.1.Cc mi nguy him trong khng gian hn ch:
Hm lng oxi thp hn 19,5%
Hm lng oxi cao hn 23,5%
Cha cht d chy, cha cht c (H2S,CO)
Mi nguy him v su
Mi nguy him v vt l: ting n , m t, vt ri
5.2.2.Cc yu cu khi lm vic trong khng gian hn ch:
c hun luyn lm vic khng gian hn ch
Phi c giy php cn gi tr vo khu khng gian hn ch
Ch nh 1 ngi canh chng thng xuyn
Thng gi cho khu vc khng gian hn ch
Trang 6
Kim sot khng kh bn trong khu vc khng gian hn ch

Cung cp 1 li ra vo ng tiu chun n khu khng gian hn ch
5.3.Lm vic trong mi trng nguy him v in:

5.3.1.Cc mi nguy him v in:
Nhim in
in git
5.3.2.Cc bin php x l:
Ct in ngay lp tc khi c ngi chm vo in
Dung bnh cha chy CO2
5.3.3.An ton v in:
Khng s dng thit b h hng phn v dy cng
Trnh xa cc ngun in
T in phi c ng
Tip t cho tt c cc thit b in
Cng tc hn: vt cn hn phi c tip xc tt trc khi hn
Cu dao t ng ngt in
Dy in c 2 lp bo v
5.4.S dng thang:
5.4.1.Lp thang nh th no?
Trnh thang b trt hoc , phi tun theo khong cch an ton
t thang trn nn t cng
Chn chn thang hoc c ngi gi thang
Ct cht c 2 u thang.
5.4.2.S dng thang an ton:
Chc chn rng khng c dy in gn thang
Khi tro ln/xung thang, phi quay mt v pha thang
Khng ng bt thang trn cng
Dng thang trn mt t cng.
VI.Phng chy v cha chy:
Trang 7
6.1.Phng chy:
Lu nhng vt liu d chy
Lu nhng vng khng c ht thuc
6.2.Cha chy:
Cht rn (giy, g . . .) : dng nc dp tt m chy

Cht lng (du v sn phm du m) s dng CO2 dp tt
Thit b cha chy: c 2 loi:
BC dng cho m chy cht rn v kh.
ABC cho tt c cc m chy tr kim loi.
Trang 8
VII. An ton cu:

m bo ch s dng cc thit b c kim tra v chp thun.
Phi s dng dy leo khi nng hng.
Tuyt i cm di chuyn qua li di vt treo l lng
VIII. Hng ro vo bin bo:
8.1.Yu cu ngi lao ng:
Khng c bc qua hay lun di hng ro v bin bo.
c v hiu nhng thng tin hin th cc bn cnh bo.
Yu cu ngi gim st gii thch nu bn chc chn v mi nguy him.
Bo co nhng hnh vi khng an ton cho ngi gim st.
IX. Lm vic vi ha cht:
Mi ha cht c bn d liu an ton ha cht (MSDS).
Phi hiu c MSDS.
Mang trang thit b an ton cn thit.
Ti ni lm vic phi c MSDS.
Cc cnh bo ha cht.
Trang 9
Trang 10
CHNG 2
TNG QUAN V NH MY LC DU DUNG QUT
I.C cu t chc ca nh my lc du Dung Qut:
1.1.
S t chc cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin lc ha du Bnh Sn :
1.2.
Hnh 5.
S t chc cng ty
S t chc b my cng ty lc ha du Bnh Sn :
Trang 11
S t chc b my cng ty
Trang 12
1.3.
S t chc phn xng :
S t chc chung ca phn xng
II.Tng quan:
Nh my lc du Dung Qut t ti huyn Bnh Sn, tnh Qung Ngi. Mt
bng d n gm c 4 khu vc chnh: cc phn xng cng ngh v ph tr, khu b
cha sn phm, cng xut sn phm v phao rt du khng bn v h thng ly v x
nc bin. Nhng khu vc ny c ni vi nhau bng h thng ng vi ng ph
lin k.
Trang 13
Hnh 3.1 S tng th v tr nh my lc du Dung Qut.

Din tch tng d n c tnh ton xp x l 338 hecta, bao gm nh sau:
-Ton b cc phn xng cng ngh, ph tr v thit b ngoi vi: khong 110
hecta
-Din tch mt bin : 471 hecta
-Khu b cha du th v uc t: khong 42 hecta
-Khu b cha sn phm: khong 44 hecta.
-Ngoi ra, khu vc cng xut sn phm s chim khong 35 hecta.
Cc phn xng cng ngh
Trang 14
Hnh 3.2 S cc cm phn xng nh my lc du Dung Qut.

Cc phn xng cng ngh trong nh my lc du gm c:
-Phn xng 011 chng ct du th (CDU)
-Phn xng 012 x l Naphtha bng Hydro (NHT)
-Phn xng 013 Reforming xc tc lin tc (CCR)
-Phn xng 014 x l Kerosene (KTU)
-Phn xng 015 Cracking xc tc tng si cn chng ct kh quyn (RFCC)
-Phn xng 016 x l LPG (LTU)
-Phn xng 017 x l Naphtha ca phn xng RFCC (NTU)
-Phn xng 018 x l nc chua (SWS)
-Phn xng 019 ti sinh Amine (ARU)
-Phn xng 020 trung ha xt thi (CNU)
-Phn xng 021 thu hi Propylene (PRU)
-Phn xng 022 thu hi lu hunh (SRU)
-Phn xng 023 ng phn ha Naphtha nh (ISOMER)
-Phn xng 024 x l LCO bng hydro(LCO-HDT)
-Phn xng 025 Poly Propylen (PP)
Nh my c thit k sn xut ra cc sn phm sau:
-Kh ha lng LPG (cho th trng ni a)
Trang 15
-Propylene
-Xng Mogas 92/95
-Du ha
-Nhin liu phn lc Jet A1
-Diesel t
-Du t (FO).
2.1.Phn xng chng ct du th (Phn xng s 011)
Cng sut thit k: 6,5 triu tn/nm (tng ng 148.000 thng/ngy trng
hp du ngt v 141.000 thng/ngy trng hp du chua).
M t chung :
Du th c a vo phn xng chng ct du th v c gia nhit s b
bng cc dng sn phm v dng bm tun hon trc khi vo l gia nhit. Du th
c phn tch thnh cc phn on trong thp chng ct chnh T-1101 v cc thp
strippers bng hi nc bn cnh sn thp chnh. Sn phm Naphtha nh c x
l thm trong mt thp n nh T-1107. Cc sn phm khc c lm ngui trc khi
a thng n b cha hoc cc phn xng ch bin su thch hp. Ring dng LGO
v HGO c lm kh bng chn khng trc khi a n b cha pha trn sn
phm hoc phn xng LCO-HDT. Cc sn phm ca phn xng chng ct du th
gm c:
Sn phm
Phn on Naphtha
Phn xng x l Naphtha bng Hydro (NHT)
Kerosene
Phn xng x l Kerosene (KTU)
LGO
B cha (hoc i qua h thng pha trn)
HGO
B cha hoc LCO-HDT

(hoc i qua h thng pha trn)
Cn chng ct kh quyn
Phn xng RFCC
- Sn phm nh t nh thp chng ct CDU c a qua cm x l kh ca phn

xng RFCC v sau qua phn xng x l kh ha lng LPG.
- Dng Naphtha c a ti phn xng x l Naphtha bng Hydro v sau ti
thp tch Naphtha, ti y dng Naphtha c tch thnh dng Naphtha nh v dng
Naphtha nng.
Trang 16
- Dng Naphtha nh t thp tch c a n phn xng Isomer ha.

- Dng Naphtha nng t thp tch c a n phn xng Reforming xc tc
lin tc.
- Dng Kerosene t phn xng chng ct kh quyn c a trc tip ti b
cha Kerosene hoc c s dng lm nguyn liu trn sn xut Diesel v du t,
hoc n c a ti phn xng x l Kerosene. Ti phn xng KTU hm lng
ca mercaptan (RSH), Hydrosulfide (H2S) v acid Naphthenic (RCOOH) c gim
xung v nc b loi b. Kerosene x l sau c a ti b cha ti y n
c s dng lm nhin liu phn lc JetA1.
- Dng LGO t phn xng chng ct kh quyn c bm trc tip ti cc h
thng pha trn Diesel v cui cng ti b cha ti khu vc b cha sn phm.
- Dng HGO c bm ti b cha ti nh my, t n c bm ti h thng
pha trn Diesel/du t.
- Phn cn t CDU c chuyn qua phn xng RFCC nng cp ln thnh cc
sn phm trung gian c gi tr thng phm cao hn.
2.2.Phn xng x l Naphtha bng hydro (Phn xng s 012)
-Cng sut: 23.500 thng/ngy
-Nh cung cp bn quyn: UOP.
M t chung:
Phn xng x l Naphtha bng Hydro c thit k x l ton b phn
on Naphtha t phn xng chng ct kh quyn. Phn xng gm mt l phn ng
xc tc tng cht v tui th xc tc ti thiu 2 nm. Cc thit b s c lp t ti
sinh xc tc. Sn phm Naphtha t phn xng x l Naphtha bng Hydro c dn
trc tip n thp tch Naphtha. Kh thot ra t phn xng NHT s c a vo
cm x l kh ca phn xng RFCC v c lm sch bng qu trnh hp th bng
Amine.
2.3.Phn xng reforming xc tc lin tc (Phn xng s 013)
-Cng sut: 21.100 thng/ngy
-Nh cung cp bn quyn: UOP
M t chung:
Trang 17
Phn xng Reforming xc tc lin tc x l nguyn liu Naphtha nng t

thp tch Naphtha.
Nguyn liu vo l phn ng c tip xc vi cht xc tc tun hon m s c
ti sinh lin tc duy tr hot tnh xc tc.
Dng sn phm t l phn ng c tch thnh dng hydrocarbon lng v dng
kh dng kh giu hydro.
Mt phn dng hydrocarbon lng c gi tr c thu hi t dng kh giu hydro.
Dng lng reformat c cho tip xc li v phn on sinh ra sn phm
reformat v kh ha lng LPG cha n nh.
Sn phm reformat c a trc tip ti b cha ti nh my lc du.
LPG cha n nh c chia lm 2 dng : i qua b cha sn phm trung gian
(Offspec LPG) v i vo phn xng LTU ( unit 016)
2.4.Phn xng x l Kerosene (Phn xng s 014)
Cng sut: 10.000 thng/ngy (51500 kg/h)
Nh cung cp bn quyn: Merichem.
Cng ngh: Tip xc mng-si.
M t chung:
Phn xng x l Kerosene c thit k x l phn on Kerosene t phn
xng chng ct du th.
Phn xng x l Kerosene c thit k gim hm lng mercaptan (RSH),
hydrosulfide (H2S), acid naphthenic (R-COOH) v lai trit nc t nguyn liu l
Kerosene chng ct trc tip sinh ra trong CDU.
Phn xng x l c cho 2 loi kerosene i t 2 loi nguyn liu : Du Bch H
v Du hn hp Bch H v Dubai (5,5:1)
Tiu chn sn phm ra ph thuc nguyn liu mang i x l :
Du Bch H: RSH: 3ppm (max)
Ch s axit : 0,05mg KOH/g

Du hn hp: RSH: 100ppm (max)
Ch s axit : 0,1mg KOH/g

Qu trnh x l du Bch H khng c qu trnh oxi ha Mercaptan thnh
Disulfua.
Trang 18
H thng cc dng s dng cho du ngt

Standard
Material
Stream
Pressure
Temperature
Operating
Mass
Volumetric
Viscosity
Flow
Flow
(cP)
(kg/h)
(m3/h)
(Nm3/h)
Untreated
Kerosene
Treated
Kerosene
5 0 Be
Caustic
Napthenic
Caustic
Demin
Water
Alkaline
Water
Oxidation
Air
Salt Brine
Actual
Volumetric
Flow
(m3/h)
Specific
Actual
Gravity
Densit
@15 0 C
kg/m3
5,5
40
0,87
51500
66,37
67,94
0,776
758
7,7
40
0,87
51340
66,16
67,73
0,776
758
1,5
40
0,80
131
0,127
0,128
1,035
1026
2,0
40
0,80
131
0,127
0,128
1,033
1024
5,0
30
0,80
1,249
1,249
1,254
1,000
996
0,8
40
0,70
1,233
1,233
1,242
1,000
993
8(1)
Atm
40
1,30
0,021(2)
0,021(2)
1,220
1210
9(1)
10(1)
11(1)
12(1)
13(1)
14(1)
15(1)
10,2
40
0,87
3,725
4,8
4,9
0,776
758
Specific
Actual
25,2
(2)
ARI-100
EXL
Catalyst
ARI-120L
Catalyst
LP Steam
Service
Water
Mea 99%
wt
20oBe
Caustic
Treated
Kerosene
to CNU(3)
H thng cc dng s dng cho du chua

Standard
Operating
Material
Stream
Pressure
Temperature
Mass
Volumetric
Viscosity
Flow
Flow
(cP)
(kg/h)
(m3/h)
(Nm3/h)
Untreated
Kerosene
Treated
Kerosene
5 0 Be
Caustic
Napthenic
Caustic
Demin
Actual
Volumetric
Flow
(m3/h)
Gravity
Density
@15 0 C
(kg/m3)
5,5
40
0,87
51500
66,20
67,76
0,778
760
7,7
40
0,87
51340
65,99
67,55
0,778
760
1,5
40
0,80
277
0,268
0,270
1,035
1028
2,0
40
0,80
288
0,279
0,281
1,033
1024
5,0
30
0,80
1,249
1,249
1,254
1,000
996
Trang 19

Water
Alkaline
Water
Oxidation
Air
Salt Brine
ARI-100
EXL
0,8
40
0,70
1,233
1,233
1,242
1,000
993
10,5
45
0,019
8,8
6,8
1,10
1,000
7,99
Atm
40
1,30
25,2
0,021
0,021
(2)
(2)
(2)
1,220
1210
Atm
25
1,50
(3)
(3)
(3)
1,110
1110
Atm
25
19,5
(4)
(4)
(4)
1,140
1140
3,6
160
0,015
(5)
(5)
(5)
2,36
12 (1)
5,0
30
0,80
(5)
(5)
(5)
1,000
996
13 (1)
5,5
40
10
(6)
(6)
(6)
1,018
999
14 (1)
1,5
40
1,50
(7)
(7)
(7)
1,160
1146
15 (1)
10,2
40
0,87
3,725
4,8
4,9
0,778
760
8
(1)
9
(1)
Catalyst
ARI-120L
10
Catalyst
(1)
11 (1)
LP Steam
Service
Water
Mea 99%
wt
20oBe
Caustic
Treated
Kerosene
to CNU
(1) Dng vo theo chu k

(2) Nc mui vo gin on
(3) S dng xc tc ARI-100ELX : ban u s dng 1,58 kg(6,6 l)
sau :1,56kg (6,5 l)
(4) S dng xc tc ARI-120L tm trn carbon: 140 kg (1 ln/1 nm)
(5) Hi v nc trn ln sn xut nc nng 900C
ra tm Carbon cn 210 m3 nc
(6)1,1m 3 MEA (99%) trn ln vi 70 m3 tm ln xc tc, s dng 1 ln
(7) S dng 7 m3
iu kin ngoi bin
Battery Limits Conditions
Kerosene Inlet
MEA
Oxidation Air
Kerosene Outlet
Kerosene to CNU
Kerosene to Off-Spec
Naphthenic Caustic
Alkaline Water
Pressure (kg/ cm2g)

Inlet streams
5,5
5,5
10,5
Oulet Streams
7,7
10,2
7,7
2,0
0,8
Temperature(0C)
40
40
45
40
40
40
40
40
Trang 20
2.4.1.Xc tc s dng cho qu trnh x l Mercaptan :

- Cobalt phthalocyanine sulfonates (ARI-120L)
- C mu xanh en dng lng
- Khng c
- pH= 5,5-7,5
- Nhit si :~ 100 0C , nhit ng c : ~ 6,5 0C
- Tui th : 3 nm.
2.4.2.Cng ngh FIBER-FILM:
Nguyn l cng ngh:
-X l axit naphtenic (ch yu), tp cht lu hunh. y l cng ngh c
quyn ca Merichem
- Mc ch: khng phn tn kim v hydrocacbon vo nhau khi tip xc loi
cc tp cht khng mong mun.Nh vy, gim thiu dng kim cun theo v s dng
thit b cha nh hn.
L thuyt cng ngh :
Phn ny cp n qu trnh chuyn khi c th ng dng trong h thng tip
xc lng-lng v lng-kh.
Vic loi b tp cht t dng hydrocacbon trong nh my lc du bng dung dch
x l lng lin quan n qu trnh chuyn khi (S di chuyn ca tp cht t
hydrocacbon ti dung dch lng).Tc chuyn khi ph thuc vo 3 bin cng ngh
sau:
R=(k)*(A)*(C)
Trong : R = Tc chuyn khi
K = H s chuyn khi ca pha lng v hydrocacbon
A = Din tch b mt tip xc cho tp cht trong hydrocacbon
i vo pha lng
C = Lc sinh ra do chnh lch nng y tp cht trong
hydrocacbon i vo pha lng.
Khi c s thay i nh v nhit , th h s K khng nh hng nhiu. Cn 2
h s A v C, c th tng c. i vi h s A c th thc hin bng cch gim
Trang 21
thiu kch thc ca git lng v phn tn hydrocacbon trong dung mi. Tuy nhin,
iu ny dn n dung mi b cun theo hydrocacbon. gii quyt vn ny, cng
ngh Fiber-Film c pht trin. H thng ny cng lm tng C.
Nu mt git lng nm trn mt si, n c khuynh hng b ko gin ra 1 cht
trng thi tnh. Nu c 1 cht lng th 2 chy song song trn git lng , th lc ma
st gia 2 cht lng s c khuynh hng di chuyn git lng theo si. Trong khi
sc cng b mt cu cht lng c khuynh hng gi n cun xung quanh si.S kt
hp ca 2 lc ny ko cht lng chy dc theo si, to ra nhiu khng gian b mt
trn mt n v th tch, nhng vn gi c git lng trn si.
Trn c s 2 lc t nhin, sc cng b mt v lc ko to b mt trung gian
chuyn khi ln hn m khng phi phn tn. Quan im vi m ny l c s trc
tin hiu nguyn l ca thit b tip xc Fiber-Film khi xem xt tm v m.
Phn ng ha hc :
Mercaptan v axit naphtenic l cc tp cht c trong kerosene. Cc hp cht ny
phn ng vi dung dch kim lng v c th b trch ly. Cc phn ng ha hc trong
thit k h thng trch ly THIOLEX nh sau:
R-COOH +NaOH RCOONa +H2O
(1)
RSH +NaOH NaSR + H2O
(2)
1
2
xctc
2NaSR + O2+ H2O
RSSR +2NaOH (3)
2RSH +
1
xctc
O2
RSSR + H2O
2
(4)
Phn ng (2) thng xy ra vi mch hydrocacbon thng, mch nhnh ngn nh:
methyl mercaptan hay ethyl mercaptan. phn ng (2) t hiu qu, th lng
NaOH tng ng vi RSH c trch ly cao. Ni cch khc, cn mt lng
dung dch kim d m RSH khng tc dng vi cc cht khc m ch tc dng vi
kim v oxy, cc phn ng trn xy ra hiu qu v t c cc ch tiu sn phm.
Nguyn tc hot ng ca thit b Fiber-Film:
Dung dch kim i vo thit b tip xc FIBER-FILM u tin lm t b si kim

loi v to lp mn mng ph ton b chiu di mi si khi dung dch kim di chuyn
qua thit b tip xc v i vo bnh tch. Dung dch kim bm trn b si v c gi
Trang 22
l pha c ch. Hydrocacbon c gi l pha lin tc, i vo thit b tip xc v chy

qua lp v trong nhng khong hp gia cc si b ph kim. Lc cn nht c gy
ra ti b mt tip xc gia hai pha cng vi lc t trng ko mng kim hng xung
dc theo cc si. Thit b tip xc FIBER-FILM c minh ha hnh 1. (M t phn
b si bn trong ca contactor, vi b si ko di dc theo ng hnh tr v ng ny
gn ln bnh tch. Ch l b si ko di gn chm y bnh tch.)
Hnh 1: H thng FIBER-FILM Contactor
Do s lng si ln v kch thc nh c cha trong thit b tip xc, nn to ra

din tch b mt tip xc ln. V nhng si b ph kim qu gn nhau nn tp cht
trong hydrocacbon phi khuych tn qua mt khng gian nh hp ti b mt tip
xc x l. Hn na, lin tc c s lm mi b mt tip xc do s di chuyn ca mng
kim dc theo si. Kt hp cc yu t ny li to ra tc chuyn khi ln dn n
qu trnh x l hiu qu.
H thng thit b tip xc FIBER-FILM c th lm vic khi phn xng x l gin
on hoc lin tc. Trong vn hnh gin on, lng dung dch kim sch a vo x
l v c tun hon qua thit b tip xc n khi hiu qu x l khng cn chp nhn
na. Vic thay dung dich kim c th c thc hin m khng cn gin on qu
trnh x l. Trong phn xng x l lin tc, kim sch c o lng a vo h
thng, v kim s dng c tho ra da vo iu khin mc. Ch vn hnh c
th dng c xc nh bi mc tp cht v ngi vn hnh sn sng thc hin qu
Trang 23
trnh x l. Mc d, nh my c th t do la chn mi ch vn hnh trong mi

ng dng.
Thuyt minh cng ngh x l Kerosene:
Kerosene cha x l ca phn xng CDU chy qua mt trong hai thit b lc
(STR-1401A/B) c kch thc li lc l: 300 micron. i vo nh thit b tip
xc FFC-1401. Khi kerosene chy qua thit b tip xc, th kerosene tip xc vi
b si kim loi c lm t vi dung dch kim v MEA. Kim phn ng vi
axit naphtenic trong Kerosene to thnh natri sulphic v nc nh cp phn
trc. Kerosene c khi lng nh hn nn nm pha trn v c a qua thit
b SP-1401 Kerosene v dng khng kh c trn ln. Dng khng kh ny i
qua t phn xng 017 (x l Naphta ca RFCC) v c iu khin bi FIC-002
vi lu lng 6,8 m3/h. Kim c tun hon c iu khin bi van bi vi lu
lng hi lu 6,62 m3/h. Trc khi vo li thit b th c b sung kim mi vi
nng ti a l 40%. Naphtenic v kim b ko theo i qua phn xng CNU.
Ti thit b phn ng th 2, x l mercaptan bng kim v oxi ha. Trong dng
hi lu kim, trch ra 2 dng. Dng 1 cho hi lu v thit b 1, dng th 2 cho i qua
thit b SP-1402, ha trn vi xc tc, sau c b sung kim mi a vo li thit
b. Kerosene sau khi x l chua, c a qua thit b ra bng nc D-1403 tch
kim cn ln trong Kerosene.Sau , tip tc c a qua thit b D-1404 loi b
hon ton nc bng mui. V tip tc c a n thit b lc bng t st loi
b cc tp cht c hc. Cui cng c a v b cha.
Sn phm t phn xng x l Kerosene c dn ti b cha, t b cha n
c bn nh nhin liu phn lc JetA1 hoc s dng lm nguyn liu trn Diesel v
du t l. Phn xng x l Kerosene to ra Kerosene p ng tiu chun nhin liu
phn lc JetA1.
Dung dch Amine long (MEA) s c s dng trong phn xng KTU theo
tng m gin on ti sinh xc tc.
2.5.Phn xng Cracking xc tc tng si cn (Phn xng s 015)
Cng sut: 69.700 thng/ngy
Nh cung cp bn quyn: IFP
Ch vn hnh:
Trang 24
- Max Naphtha RFCC ( Ti a xng)

- Max LCO ( Ti a Diesel )
M t chung:
B phn chuyn ha
Phn xng RFCC nhn trc tip phn cn chng ct kh quyn nng t phn
xng chng ct kh quyn, hoc phn cn ngui t b cha.
B phn chuyn ha ca phn xng RFCC s ch bin ra cc dng sau:
Dng kh t c dn ti cm x l kh RFCC
Dng sn phm chng ct nh c a ti cm x l kh RFCC
Dng Heavy Naphtha ly ra thn thp.
Dng du nh (LCO) c a n b cha v sau ti phn xng LCO HDT.
Dng du cn (DCO) c a ti h thng pha trn du t hoc bn cha du
t dng cho nh my.
B phn chuyn ha gm c l phn ng/l ti sinh, thp chng ct chnh, l t,
thit b kim sot xc tc, ct tch LCO, thit b lm ngui/tho sn phm LCO v cc
thit b ph tr khc.
Cm x l kh RFCC
Dng kh t v sn phm nh t thp chng ct chnh c a ti cm x l
kh ca phn xng RFCC, s to ra cc dng sau:
Dng kh thi cha bo ha thot ra t thp hp th bng Amine nm trong cm
x l kh RFCC.
Dng hn hp C3/C4 c a ti phn xng x l LPG trc khi tch ra trong
phn xng thu hi Propylene.
Ton b dng Naphtha c a ti phn xng x l Naphtha ca phn xng
RFCC.
Cm x l kh RFCC gm c hai thp hp th bng Amine x l kh nhin liu
v kh ha lng LPG trc khi chng ra khi thit b v s s dng dng Amine sch
t thp ti sinh Amine (ARU). Dng Amine bn s c a tr li ARU ti sinh
t cm x l kh RFCC.
2.6.Phn xng x l LPG (Phn xng s 016)
Trang 25
Nh cung cp bn quyn: Merichem

Cng ngh: Tip xc mng-si
M t chung:
Phn xng x l LPG c thit k x l dng C3/C4 t cm x l kh
RFCC trc khi a ti phn xng thu hi Propylene. Phn ln H2S trong dng LPG
c tch ra trong thp hp th bng Amine nm trong cm x l kh RFCC.
Phn xng x l LPG c thit k lm gim hm lng mercaptan, carbonyl
sulfide v H2S trong dng C3/C4.
2.7.Phn xng x l Naphtha ca phn xng RFCC (Phn xng s
017)
Nh cung cp bn quyn: Merichem
Cng ngh: Tip xc mng-si
M t chung:
Phn xng x l Naphtha bng hydro c thit k x l dng Naphtha sinh
ra t phn xng RFCC. Phn xng c thit k sinh ra sn phm Naphtha ngt
(c hm lng mercaptan, lu hunh thp).
Sn phm t phn xng NTU c a ti h thng pha trn xng.
B cha sn phm khng t cht lng c t cui u ra ca phn xng
NTU. Xt sch nng thch hp c cung cp cho phn xng dng cho x
l. Xt qua s dng t thp x l c dn ti phn xng trung ha xt.
2.8.Phn xng x l nc chua (Phn xng s 018)
M t chung:
Nc chua t cc phn xng CDU, NHT v RFCC c a ti bnh n nh, ti
y cc hydrocarbon c tch kh. Dng kh chua ny c a ti u uc t kh
chua. Hn hp nc chua c bm qua thit b trao i nhit nguyn liu v sn
phm y ti ct tch, ti y ammoniac v H2S ha tan c loi ra khi nc chua.
Kh chua nh ca thp tch c ngng t v hi lu, v phn kh chua cn li
vi nng cao c dn ti uc t kh chua.
Trang 26
Nc kh chua c lm mt bng dng nguyn liu v khng kh trc khi

dn ti phn xng x l dng thi. Mt phn nc kh chua c s dng lm
nc tch mui trong phn xng CDU.
Mt b cha nc chua c trang b trong trng hp phn xng x l nc
chua ngng hot ng. B c dung tch cha c nc chua trong nm ngy dng
phn xng. Trong iu kin hot ng bnh thng, nc chua c np vo ct
tch nn thng thng th b s khng cha nc.
2.9.Phn xng ti sinh Amine (Phn xng s 019)
M t chung:
Dng Amine bn t phn xng RFCC c a ti bnh n nh tch b cc
hydrocarbon v kh khi Amine. Du ht ra c dn ti b cha du thi nh v kh
chua c lm sch v dn ti h thng kh nhin liu.
Dng Amine bn c a ti thit b trao i nhit gia nguyn liu v sn
phm, ri ti thp ti sinh tch hydrosulfide (H2S).
Kh chua t nh ct c ngng t v hi lu, v kh chua cn li nng cao
c a n uc t kh chua.
Dng Amine sch tch ra c lm mt bng dng nguyn liu v khng kh.
Amine sch sau c x l bng tc nhn chng to bt v bm ngc tr li cc
thp hp th H2S trong phn xng RFCC. Mt phn dng Amine c lc loi b
tp cht.
Trong trng hp phn xng dng hot ng, mt b c kh nng cha ton b
lng Amine qua s dng . Amine sch c cha trong mt b nh b sung
pha ch dung dch Amine ban u v dung dch Amine b sung.
2.10.Phn xng trung ha xt thi (Phn xng s 020)
M t chung:
Phn xng trung ha xt thi dng trung ha v loi b du phenolic v
naphthenic ra khi cc dng xt thi.
Xt thi c tch kh v sau c trung ha bng acid sulfuric. Nc mui
trung ha c a ti phn xng x l dng thi. Kh chua sinh ra t phn xng
c a n uc t kh chua. Cc dng a ti phn xng trn c s tng m v
lin tc.
Trang 27
Phn xng c thit k to ra nc mui trung tnh c pH nm trong khong

t 6-8, vi nguyn liu theo thit k. Acid sulfuric sch c cung cp t b cha
nm trong phm vi phn xng.
2.11.Phn xng thu hi Propylene (Phn xng s 021)
M t chung:
Phn xng thu hi Propylene c thit k x l dng hn hp C 3/C4 t
phn xng x l LPG. Phn xng PRU s tch v tinh ch Propylene t c
c tnh k thut ca loi Propylene sch polymer ha 99,6% khi lng. Giai
on u trong qu trnh loi C4 ra khi LPG trong mt thp tch C 3/C4. Thit b tch
chnh propane/Propylene c hai cp. Cp mt l giai on tch ethane m s tch
nhng sn phm nh hn Propylene.
Cp hai l ct tch propane/Propylene bm nhit p sut thp. Sn phm
Propylene t ct tch propane/Propylene tip tc c tinh ch thm. Giai on th
nht s l loi b carbonyl sulfur bng xc tc kh. Giai on th hai thng thng
bao gm vic loi b Asen, Phosphor v antimoan bng tng xc tc kh. Cc giai
on tinh ch c kt hp trong cng mt thp.
2.12.Phn xng thu hi lu hunh (Phn xng s 022)
M t chung:
Phn xng thu hi lu hunh bng phng php Claus (SRU) s c lp t
dng cm. Phn xng s c cng sut x l 3 tn lu hunh/ngy x l kh acid
t phn xng ARU, kh thot ra t phn xng SWS v kh thi t CNU. Kh acid t
ARU c a ti l phn ng, kh thot ra t phn xng SWS v kh thi t CNU
c a ti l t.
Sn phm lu hunh thu hi ti thiu l 99,9% v hiu sut thu hi lu hunh ca
phn xng Claus khng nh hn 92,6%.
Nng pht tn cc kh NOx, SOx, v CO t l t ca phn xng s p ng
tiu chun cht lng kh Vit Nam (TVCN 5939-1995.).
2.13.Phn xng ng phn ha (Phn xng s 023)
Nh cung cp bn quyn: UOP
M t chung:
Trang 28
Phn xng ng phn ha s c b sung to ra sn phm Isomate c ch

s octane cao bng cch s dng nguyn liu l Naphtha nh x l hydro.
2.14.Phn xng x l LCO bng hydro (Phn xng s 024)
Cng sut: 1.320.000 tn/nm
Nh cung cp bn quyn: IFP (Axens)
M t chung:
Phn xng LCO-HDT s c b sung x l dng LCO t phn xng RFCC
n c th c trn vo Diesel t, bng cch x l LCO bng hydro lm tng s
n nh.
Cc cng ngh tin tin c s dng trong nh my lc du Dung Qut.
NMLD Dung Qut s dng cc cng ngh hin i, mua bn quyn cng ngh
t cc cng ty rt ni ting nh UOP (M), MERICHEM (M) v IFP (Php), cho cc
phn xng:
Cm phn xng x l bng hydro nguyn liu v phn xng Reforming xc tc
lin tc (NHT-CCR): phn xng CCR ny nhm nng cao ch s octane (RON) ca
xng nng i ra t qu trnh chng ct kh quyn du th (CDU), lm phi liu
phi trn xng thng phm. Mc khc phn xng ny cung cp mt lng H 2 dng
cung cp cho cc phn xng x l bng H2 ca nh my nh NHT (x l nguyn
liu cho phn xng Reforming xc tc lin tc (CCR)). u im ca cng ngh
UOP i vi phn xng CCR l tng hiu sut sn phm, kh nng ti sinh xc tc
cao v yu cu v bo dng thp.
Phn xng cracking xc tc tng si nguyn liu cn (RFCC), s dng cng ngh
R2R ca IFP (Php) chuyn ha nguyn liu cn ca phn xng chng ct kh
quyn (CDU) thnh cc sn phm nh: kh t (FG), kh ha lng (LPG), Gasoline,
LCO, HCO + Slurry v cc. Phn xng bao gm h thng phun nguyn liu, thit b
phn ng dng ng ng riser, h thng tch u ra ca riser, b phn bc cc
hydrocarbon nh trn xc tc, bc thit b ti sinh th nht, bc thit b ti sinh th
hai, b phn rt xc tc, cc ng vn chuyn xc tc, h thng iu khinCng
ngh R2R c u im l lm tng linh ng ca qu trnh trong mt khong rng
ca nguyn liu, tng hiu sut cc phn on nh nh gasoline, distillate ng thi
gim hiu sut cc v kh nhin liu.
Trang 29
Cng ngh thit b tip xc di dng mng film xy ra trn si kim loi c s
dng trong cc phn xng nh: phn xng x l Kerosene (KTU), phn xng x
l xng Naphtha ca RFCC (NTU), phn xng x l LPG (LTU) v phn xng
trung ha kim (CNU) nhm mc ch x l H2S v mercaptan c mi kh chu v n
mn (KTU, LTU, NTU) v trung ha kim (CNU).
CHNG 3
TNG QUAN PHN XNG CHNG CT KH QUYN
(CDU-UNIT 011)
I.Tng quan phn xng CDU:
Phn xng CDU l mt trong cc phn xng chnh ca nh my. Nhim v
chnh l chng ct du th thnh cc phn on nh hn theo nhng khong nhit
si.
Phn xng CDU ca nh my lc du Dung Qut c thit k vi cng sut
6,5 (triu tn du th/nm) tng ng vi 812500 (kg/h) (tnh theo 8000h lm vic
trong 1 nm).
Phn xng CDU c thit k vn hnh vi 2 ngun du th:
Trang 30
- 6,5 triu tn nm vi du th Bch H (trng hp du ngt).

- 6,5 triu tn nm phi trn du th Bch H v Dubai
(t l 5,5/1) (trng hp du chua)
1.1.c im du th:
1.1.1.Bch H:
Du ngt, API=39,2.
%S= 0,03%.
K = 12,3
Hiu sut thu hi Naphta: Trung bnh.
Hiu sut thu hi phn on trung bnh, VGO: Cao .
ng cong chng ct:

Nhng tnh cht ca cu t
Phn on C %Khi lng (wt
% ct (wt%
%)
cumm)
Lights End
2.86
2.86
68 - 93
1.53
4.39
93 - 157
8.43
12.82
157 - 204
7.24
20.06
o
T trng
(Density)
0.6816
0.7460
0.7734
Trang 31
204 - 260
260 - 315
315 - 371
371 - 427
427 - 482
428 - 566
> 566
Tn tht
(Loss)
8.38
10.21
12.11
12.58
12.84
9.74
13.81
28.44
38.65
50.76
63.34
76.18
85.92
99.73
0.27
0.7972
0.8160
0.8285
0.8437
0.8539
0.8904
0.9313
Light Ends:
Cu t
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Isobutane
n-Butane
Isopentane
n-Pentane
Cyclopentane
2,2-Dimethylbutane
2,3-dimethylbutane
2-methyl-pentane
3-methyl-pentane
n-hexane
1.1.2.Dubai:
% Khi lng
0.0002
0.0031
0.0327
0.0488
0.2122
0.3741
0.6270
0.0300
0.0234
0.0530
0.3885
0.2099
0.8528
Du chua, API= 31,2.
%S= 2,1% wt, %H2S 0,0001%wt.
ng cong chng ct:

Nhng tnh cht ca cu t
Nhit (C)
%ct
(T trng)
(Wt %
Density
Cumm)
89
5
0.702
120.4
10
0.741
259.8
30
0.830
372.0
50
0.890
482.2
70
0.946
678.9
90
1.033
Light Ends:
Trang 32
Cu t
Ethane
Propane
Isobutane
n-Butane
Isopentane
n-Pentane
Cyclopentane
% Khi lng
0.01
0.16
0.15
0.59
0.62
0.93
0.09
ng cong chng ct Lu hunh tng:

Vol%TB
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Tng S (wt%)
0.0004
0.0012
0.0024
0.0048
0.0092
0.0136
0.0184
0.0224
0.0244
0.0252
0.0264
0.0276
0.0296
0.0320
0.0356
0.0392
Light Ends:
Lights Ends
C2H6
C3H8
i-C4
n-C4
i-C5
n-C5
Cyclopentane
Vol%
0.01
0.16
0.15
0.59
0.62
0.93
0.09
1.2.Yu cu sn phm
Tiu chun
Phng php th
nghim
Hm lng C5 trong dng LPG
1.5 mol% Max
ASTM D2163
Hm lng C4 trong Full Range Naphtha
0.3%kl Max
G.C
o
Khong gp (gap) gia 5%vol ca Kerosene
0 C Min
ASTM D86
v 95%vol Full range naphtha
Khong GAP gia 5%vol Light Gas Oil v
0oC Min
ASTM D86
95%vol Kerosene
Khong OVERLAP gia 95%vol Light Gas
20oC Max
ASTM D86
Gi tr
Trang 33
Oil v 5%vol Heavy Gas Oil

im chp chy ca Heavy Gas Oil
im chp chy ca Kerosene
im khi ca Kerosene
T trng ca Kerosene 15oC
Ch s Cetane ca Light Gas Oil
im chp chy ca Light Gas Oil
im chy rt ca Light Gas Oil
Lng cn (Residue) bay hi di 360oC
65oC Min
40oC
20 mm Min
0.83 kg/l Max
45 Min
65oC Min
0oC Max
10%vol Max
ASTM D93
ASTM D93
ASTM D1322
ASTM D1298
ASTM D4737
ASTM D93
ASTM D97
ASTM D1116
1.3.Cn bng vt cht:

Thit k phn xng chng ct du th da trn nhng im ct di y:
Nhng im ct TBP thit k
Sn phm
Full Range Naphtha / Kerosene
Kerosene / Light Gas Oil
Light Gas Oil / Heavy Gas Oil
Heavy Gas Oil / Atmospheric Residue
im ct TBP oC
165
205
330
370
(TBP: True Boiling Point: im si thc)

1.3.1.Du Bch H:
Nhng im ct TBP thit k, cho ta lu lng dng ca cc sn phm i vi
du Bch H nh sau:
Phn phi sn phm trong trng hp vn hnh du Bch H:
Sn Phm
LPG
Naphtha
Kerosene
Light Gas Oil
Heavy Gas Oil
Residue
Lu lng dng
(Kg/h)
2181
108314
51188
170716
69822
407324
% khi lng
(%wt)
0.27
13.30
6.28
20.96
8.57
50.01
1.3.2.Du Dubai:
Nhng im ct thit k TBP a n nhng lu lng dng sn phm di
y cho ch bin du Dubai:
Phn phi sn phm trong trng hp vn hnh du DuBai:
Sn Phm
Lu lng dng
% khi lng
Trang 34
(Kg/h)
7000
130072
48747
154839
64933
403303
LPG
Naphtha
Kerosene
Light Gas Oil
Heavy Gas Oil
Residue
0.86
16.01
6.00
19.06
7.99
49.64
1.3.3.Nhng trng hp linh ng:

Phn xng CDU c thit k vn hnh vi trng hp 100% du bch
H hoc 100% du DuBai. Bn cnh , phn xng n cn c thit k vn
hnh vi im ct TBP khc. thay i t trng hp ny sang trng hp khc,
nhng setpoint dng s thay i n nhng gi tr trong gii hn linh ng im ct,
t nng sut v cht lng sn phm theo yu cu.
Cc thit b trong phn xng CDU c thit k vi kch thc p ng
cc trng hp linh ng trong vn hnh. Cc khong linh ng ny c xem nh
d phng trong thit k.
Lu lng dng v lng nhit ly ra ca cc dng hi lu tun hon
(pumparound) khi chuyn t trng hp vn hnh du Bch H n trng hp vn
hnh du DuBai s thay i. Nhng trong cng loi nguyn liu t trng hp linh
ng ny n trng hp linh ng khc th cc thng s ny nn gi nguyn. Lu
lng dng v lng nhit ly ra t cc dng hi lu tun hon c a ra bng
di y:
Lu lng dng v lng nhit ly ra t cc dng hi lu tun hon:
Dng Kerosene
hi lu tun hon
Dng LGO hi
lu tun hon
Dng HGO hi
lu tun hon
Trng hp Bch H
Lu lng
Lng
dng
nhit
(Kg/h)
(KW)
211124
9000
Trng hp DuBai
Lu lng
Lng
dng
nhit
(Kg/h)
(KW)
211110
9000
758719
29065
758676
31000
134995
4925
134963
4925
Lng nhit ly ra t dng hi lu tun hon nh thp c iu chnh bi

nhit nh thp T-1101 (011- TIC- 076), iu chnh lu lng dng sn phm
nh n gi tr yu cu i vi mi trng hp linh ng.
Nh mt s ch dn, bng tip theo ch ra nhng nhit nh c tnh i vi
mi trng hp linh ng. Nhng gi tr ny cn phi c iu chnh trong phm vi
cho php
Nhit nh c tnh cho nhng trng hp linh hot:
Trang 35
Thit k
Ti a Naphtha
Ti thiu Naphtha
Ti a Kerosene
Ti thiu Kerosene
Ti a LGO
Ti thiu LGO
Ti a HGO
Bch H
123.6
129.6
126.2
126.1
129.3
125.4
125.7
125.7
DuBai
123.7
127.5
123.3
123.6
127.2
123.7
124.2
123.9
1.4.Thuyt minh cng ngh :

Qu trnh phn tch thc hin trong thp chng ct kh quyn c 48 a, c thit b
ngng t nh nhng khng c thit b un si li y thp, hot ng di p sut
t 1 3 (bars). Vic trch dng sn phm c thc hin bng thit b cc strippers.
Cc thp strippers:
- un si li : Kerosene
- Stripping bng hi nc: LGO,HGO
Cc phn nh bay hi t cc Strippers c a li thp chnh ti v tr pha trn
a ly sn phm (Draw-off tray).
Thp chng ct kh quyn cao khong 50 mt, chiu cao lm vic : 42,850 mt,
cn thit b stripper c t 210 a cng loi vi thp chnh.
Du th c un nng s b trong thit b trao i nhit s dng nhit thu hi
t cc sn phm v t cc dng hi lu tun hon n nhit khong 138 OC
hoc133OC tng ng vi du Bch H hoc du Du Bai, ti nhit ny du th
c kh mui. Cng on ny c thc hin p sut ln: 10 13 kg/cm 2 g
nhm mc ch gi cho hn hp du th v nc tn ti trng lng ti nhit
mong mun. Du th c tch mui s c tip tc un nng trong thit b gia
nhit khc ly nhit t cc dng sn phm c nhit cao hn v sau a vo l
t nhm nng nhit ca du th ln n nhit khong 358364 oC tng ng
vi du Bch H hoc du Du Bai. nguyn liu vo thp trng thi ha hi mt
phn. Hi lu nh nh thit b thu hi nhit nh thp. Hi nh thp c lm mt
nh thit b Air Fan Cooler ri vo bnh ngng t. Ti y dng naphtha ly ra v
c tip tc lm lnh ri a ra b cha. Cn Off-Gas c a qua phn xng
Trang 36
RFCC (unit 15). Cc dng sn phm trch ngang thn thp s qua cc thit b strippers
tch b cc phn nh nh tc dng ca hi nc. Phn nh tch ra s quay v thp,
cn phn nng c xem l sn phm ca phn xng.
Sn phm y (RA) ly ra mang mt lng nhit kh ln (3480C) bng cch
trao i nhit vi dng nguyn liu. Sau , chia lm 2 dng : 1 dng i qua lm
nguyn liu cho phn xng RFCC nhit 1110C, p sut 5,5 kg/cm2g ; dng cn
li i qua cc thit b trao i nhit tip tc lm lnh nhit 85 0C ri mi a
vo bn cha.
II. Cc thit b chnh:
2.1. Cng ngh thit b
Cc cng ngh trong qu trnh chng ct kh quyn u c qui c. a s
thit b u ch to t thp carbon, ngoi tr cc vng b t nng nhit cao phi
c ch to t hp kim. Trong vng chu n mn nh thp v thit b hi lu phi
c to t vt liu ph hp hoc phi ph cc lp hp kim hay polymer c bit.
Ngoi ra, trong thc t ngi ta thng cho km theo cc hp cht chng n mn.
Mt phn ca thp chng ct kh quyn thng c ph lp hp kim c 12% crm.
Thp thng c trang b cc a kiu a van. a thng c ch to t thp
hp kim 12% crm. Qu trnh nhp liu cho thp khng phun trc tip vo thp m s
cho theo phng tip tuyn nhm trnh lm nh hng n qu trnh hot ng ca
thp v nhm mc ch to iu kin thun li cho phn ly phn nh.
Cc thit b trao i nhit thng l kiu ng chm, p sut lm vic danh ngha
khng c vt qu 30 bar.
2.2.Cc h thng trong phn xng chng ct kh quyn:
2.2.1.H thng tch mui:
Nhim v: Tch mui ra khi nguyn liu du th.
Mc ch: Hn ch cc qu trnh sau:
Qu trnh ng cn v n mn trong l nung v l hi.
Ng c xc tc ca qu trnh RFCC, c bit i vi cc qu trnh x

l nguyn liu nng.
Gy n mn thit b trao i nhit v l gia nhit.

Trang 37
Gy tc a trong thp chng.
Cc thit b chnh bao gm:

Hai thit b trn tnh (static mixers: A-1101-M-01, A-1101-M-02) v 2 thit b
tch mui (A-1101-D-01, A-1101-D-02).
Phng php tch mui ph bin nht hin nay l phng php trng in t.
Phng php ny tch mui da vo trng in t gy ra bi cc cc in t.
Thuyt minh:
Mui v c c tch ra t qu trnh nh tng ha nc vi du v c tch
ra thit b tch mui. H thng tch mui bao gm 02 thit b tch mui mc ni
tip nhau (A-1101-D-01/02), ti hm lng mui ha tan c tch ra cng vi
nc nhm t tiu chun l 2,0 ppm khi lng (ti a) v nc t do l 0,2% th
tch (ti a) ti nhit vn hnh ca thit b tch mui.
Du th c cha cc cht cn n t dy tin gia nhit ngui (E-1101A/H, E1102, E-1103 A/B v E-1104) i vo thit b tch mui. Nc tun hon i t thit b
tch mui cp th hai (A-1101-D-02) c a vo dng du th trc khi i vo
thit b tch mui th nht.
Du th tip tc qua thit b
trn tnh th nht (A-1101M-01) nh l thit b phn
tn du th/nc nhm tng
din tch tip xc b mt
gia hai cht lng t
n gi tr ti u. Sau khi ra
khi thit b trn, hn hp
du v nc c hp nht
trng thi nh tng ti
Van trn 011-PDV-503
van trn 011-PDV-503 t dng vo ca thit b tch mui cp th nht A-1101D01.

Dng lu th i vo thit b tch mui cp th nht v c tch ra lm 2 pha
khc nhau (du th v nc) di tc ng ca lc tnh in. Du th c tch
Trang 38
mui dch chuyn ln phn nh ca bnh tch cn nc ha tan mui i xung phn
y ca bnh tch v c a n phn xng x l nc thi ETP.
Du th t thit b tch mui cp th nht A-1101-D-01 c trn vi nc ra
mui n t thit b trao i
nhit E-1128 ti thit b trn
tnh th hai A-1101-M-02 v
i vo bnh tch th hai qua
van trn 011-PDV-506 (nc
tun hon t thit b tch mui
th hai c th c a tr li
trc thit b trn tnh th hai
thng qua van FV-164 nh
bm nc tun hon
P-
Bn trong thit b tch mui
1118A/B nhm ci thin qu trnh tch mui). nh trong mi thit b tch mui
c iu chnh v kim sot bng b iu khin chnh p 011-PDIC-503/506.
Di tc ng ca lc tnh in, du th c tch mui thm mt ln na trit
hn ti thit b tch mui A-1101-D-02. Dng du c tch mui i ra t nh
ca b tch cn nc i ra t y ca thit b tch mui, tun hon tr li thit b
tch mui th nht bi bm P-1118 A/B.
H thng tch mui c thit k c th vn hnh vi ch mt cp (mt trong
hai thit b tch c th ngng). Ngoi ra, khng cho php vic ngng hon ton c hai
thit b tch mui cng lc, cc van ti u ht ca Booster bm P-1101 s ng li
khi c hai van ng bypass u m thng qua kha lin hp 011-SP-815.
Nhm tng hiu qu tch mui v nc thit b tch mui cng nh gim
thiu lng du cun theo dng nc thi, ha cht ph nh t b cha A-1104-D-12
c bm A-1104-P-23A/B a n cho c dng nguyn liu du th trc dy tin
gia nhit ngui v trc khi vo thit b tch mui cp th hai.
H thng ra bn (Mud wash) c dng nh k tch cc cht rn c trong
du th tch t ti y ca thit b tch mui. Nc ra bn c trch ra t mt phn
ca nc ra mui i t E-1128 sc vo phn cht rn tch t ti y ca b tch v
cc cht rn c ra i ra khi b cng vi dng nc thi.
Trang 39
Nc thi trong qu
trnh ra mui bao gm nc
ra bn, nc trong nguyn
liu du th ban u cng
nh nc thi ra t qu trnh
tch mui, mui v cc tp
cht thi ra trong qu trnh
tch mui. Nc thi c
lm ngui, u tin l gia
nhit cho dng nc sch
H thng ra bn cho thit b tch mui
cung cp cho qu trnh tch
mui ti thit b trao i nhit

E-1128 A-E v tip tc c lm ngui su hn ti thit b lm ngui bng khng kh
(E-1129). Cui cng dng nc thi c a n phn xng x l nc thi ETP.
Bm nc ra mui P-1119A/B c s dng bm nc sch t bnh cha
nc ra mui D-1109 n cc thit b trao i nhit E-1128 A-E nhm nng nhit
ca nc ra mui ln 1200C trc khi i vo thit b tch mui th nht (A-1101-D01).
Ngun nc sch dng cho qu trnh ra mui c a n bnh D-1109 c
th c cp bi nc t phn xng x l nc chua Sour Water Stripper Unit (Unit
18), nc sinh hot hoc nc cng ngh t bm P-1121A/B. Tuy nhin, vic s dng
dng nc cng ngh ra mui b hn ch trong trng hp ch bin du ngt.
Ngoi ra, kim tra cc mc trong thit b tch mui, ngi ta s dng h thng
Try Cock. y l h thng gm 5 ng c t cc vi tr khc nhau trong thit b
tch mui. Vic kim tra cc mc din ra thng xuyn trong cc ca trc. Qu trnh
kim tra c thc hin ln lt t di ln trn: ng th nht (nc), ng th hai
(nc ln du), ng th ba (nh tng du-nc), ng th t (du th), ng th nm
(du th).
Thng s vn hnh ti u ca thit b tch mui:
Nhit : 125 - 150 0C
p sut: 11- 14 kg/cm2
Trang 40
Lng nc: 3-6 % vol
in p: 400 - 18000 Volt
Yu cu sau khi qua thit b tch mui th:
Hm lng nc trong du th: < 0,2%Vol
Hm lng mui trong du th: < 2ppm Wt

2.2.2.L t
Mc ch: Gia nhit cho du th nguyn liu t n nhit yu cu v
chuyn hi nc thp p thnh hi nc qu nhit vng i lu cung cp cho thp
chng ct chnh.
Nguyn tc hot ng:
nng nhit ca du th n nhit cn thit cho qu trnh chng ct
(358-3640C tng ng vi trng hp vn hnh du Bch H hay du Dubai) v ha
hi mt phn du th, l gia nhit H-1101 c t sau dy tin gia nhit nng.
L gia nhit H-1101 c thit k vi cng sut 83740 kW. L t bao
gm 02 bung t bc x hnh tr v ch duy nht 1 vng i lu. Khi i vo vng
i lu, dng du th c chia ra lm 8 nhnh i xng nhau. Sau khi ra khi vng
i lu, 4 nhnh c chuyn tip v bung t th nht v 4 nhnh cn li i v
bung t th 2. ng ra ca mi nhnh t ti nh ca vng bc x.
Ngoi ra, mt lng nhit t dng kh thi cn c dng to hi
qu nhit thp p vi 3 dy ng trn vng i lu.
Vng bc x c b tr hai bung t ging ht nhau vi h thng ng
gia nhit cho du th t thng ng. C 72 ng trong mi bung t, mi ng c
chiu di l 17,9m. Nhng ng ny c cc gi t ti nh, cc im neo khong
gia v y ca ng. Bc chuyn tip ca cc ng t vng i lu n vng bc x
t bn ngoi l t v c hn kn.
Vng i lu t pha trn 2 bung t bao gm 18 lp ng ca 8 dy
ng du th v 3 lp ng sn xut hi qu nhit. 3 lp ng cng ngh ti cui vng
i lu l cc ng trn cn 15 dy ng cn li pha trn cng nh 3 dy ng sn
xut hi qu nhit u c lp thm cc cnh tn nhit vi chiu cao dc theo
thn ng nhm tng b mt hp thu nhit t qu trnh t nhin liu (Fuel Gas v Fuel
Oil).
Trang 41
Mi u t c trang b h thng nh la t ng v thit b d ngn la.

Dng khng kh cp cho cc u mi (pilot) c iu khin bi Venturi 011-FI-066,
l mt cnh ca n gi v c th iu chnh trc tip ti l t. Dng khng kh cho
php i vo u mi (pilot) c iu chnh ph thuc vo khi lng phn t ca
nhin liu t. Khi dng LPG mi th Venturi s c m mt phn v iu chnh
bng cch quan st mu sc ca ngn la. Tuy nhin khi s dng nhin liu vi khi
lng phn t thp hn, Venturi s ng khng cho dng khng kh i vo u mi.
u mi c s dng nhin liu c khi lng phn t thp vi kh d qu nhiu, s
pht ra ting n v ngi vn hnh trong trng hp ny phi ng Venturi li.
C 3 damper t pha trn vng i lu nhm iu chnh mc lu
thng kh (draft) trong l t. iu chnh draft mt cch hp l, ngi vn hnh
phi kim tra draft ti nh ca vng bc x thng qua s o ca thit b hin th p
sut 011-PG-511 (gi tr thch hp l -2.5 mm w.g). Ngi vn hnh c th tc ng
n draft trong l t bng 3 h thng iu khin bng tay 011-HIC-510 A/B/C c
lp t ngoi field cng nh x l tnh trng dng kh thi phn phi khng ng
u trong l t. Cc damper c thit k vi ch ngng hon ton cho dng
kh thi c th i ra ngoi mt cch thng sut. V tr ca damper m hon ton trong
trng hp dng khng kh hoc dng in b h hng.
L gia nhit H-1101 c thit k vn hnh vi ch lu thng
cng bc. L gia nhit c 2 qut thi (blower) (B-1101A/B) c t song song nhau
(1 blower hot ng v 1 blower cn li d phng). C hai blower c thit k vi
120% cng sut thit k cho dng khng kh. Lu lng dng khng kh c iu
chnh bi cc cnh dn lu khng kh mi blower. C mt thit b chuyn hng
(011-XV-500) c lp t nhm cch ly gia blower d phng v blower ang chy.
V tr ca thit b chuyn hng c iu chnh bng tay v bng iu chnh 011XZL-500 c lp t nhm cho bit thng tin v v tr hin ti ca thit b chuyn
hng.
Cng sut ca l gia nhit c iu khin bi nhit ca du th ra
khi l. Nhit du th i vo thp chng ct chnh c iu khin thng qua b
iu khin 011-TIC-070. B iu khin ny s thng qua b tnh ton nhm t ra gi
tr mong mun (setpoint) cho thit b iu khin dng du t, kh t cng nh dng
Trang 42
khng kh cn cung cp. Ni mt cch khc, khi mun tng cng sut ca l gia nhit
theo yu cu, dng khng kh cp vo s tng trc khi tng dng kh nhin liu.
Ngc li, khi gim cng sut ca l gia nhit, dng kh t phi gim trc khi gim
dng khng kh. Dng khng kh phi lun c cung cp mt cch y v m
bo trong sut qu trnh vn hnh.
Nguyn tc iu khin l gia nhit phi c tun th trong sut qu
trnh vn hnh bnh thng. Tuy nhin, khi khi ng, nguyn tc ny c th c
chuyn sang ch vn hnh bng tay di s gim st cht ch ca ngi vn hnh.
Khng kh d theo tnh ton (ti u) phi c duy tr ti mi thi im.
iu ny c th thc hin c bng cch iu chnh t l khng kh/nhin liu
(air/fuel ratio) bi b iu khin 011-HIC-077 trong sut qu trnh vn hnh.
iu khin l t H-1101
Dng hi thp p i vo cc ng hi qu nhit c iu khin t

c gi tr nhit u ra ca dng hi qu nhit theo mong mun. Cc gi tr cn
iu chnh c thc hin thng qua vng iu khin 011-TT/TIC/TV-063. Trong 8
ng i vo l t, ngi ta b tr 3 thit b o lu lng dng ti 3 ng xp theo th t
Trang 43
t trn xung: ng s 3, ng s 6, ng s 8. Khi 2 trong 3 ng khng c dng th l

t s tt. Trong l t, khi s bp t hot ng ca 1 vng bc x nh hn 5 trn 8
th l t s tt.
Cu to l t:
- C 1 vng i lu; 2 vng bc x (16 bp t, 8 bp t/vng).
- L t gm c 2 zone:
zone i lu (convection).
zone bc x (Radiation).
L t H-1101
2.2.3.Thp chng ct chnh
Nhim v:
Chng ct du th thnh cc phn on nh hn theo nhng khong nhit si
khc nhau.
Nguyn liu du th sau khi qua thit b tch mui, tip tc qua h thng trao i
nhit v l t nng nhit ln t mc yu cu, sau vo thp chng ct chnh
vi nhit khong 3580C v p sut 2,45 (Kg/cm2g).
Cu to thp :
Trang 44
Gm 48 a c chia lm 2 vng. Vng th nht c ng knh bng 6700mm (t

a 1 n a 42), vng th hai c ng knh bng 4000mm (t a 43 n a 48).
Np liu vo gia a 42 v 43. Thp c chia lm 6 vng khc nhau :
Vng nh .
Vng Kerosene.
Vng LGO.
Vng HGO.
Vng Np liu.
Vng y.
Vng nh
Bm hi lu tun hon nh (P-1102A/B) ly lng a s 4 i n thit b
lm lnh bng khng kh (E-1112), sau c bm li v a s 1. Bm hi
lu tun hon c nhim v iu khin nhit nh thp.
Hi nh thp (1240C) c thm vo mt lng cht chng an mn v trung ha,
sau n thit b lm lnh bng khng kh (E-1111) xung 500C. Tip n, n bnh
tch 3 pha (D-1103). thit b ny, nc c tho ra y, xng cha n nh
gia v kh trn. Xng cha n nh c gia nhit bng dng y ca thp n nh
xng (E-1118A/B), sau , c bm vo thp n nh (T-1107) bng bm (P1110A/B). p sut bnh tch 3 pha c duy tr 1,3 kg/cm2g. Khi p sut thp, kh
Trang 45
c nn vo tng p sut. Kh p sut tng, kh c a sang khu vc x l kh

ca RFCC.
Vng kerosene.
Kerosene c ly ra t a 15 v mt phn i n h thng gia nhit du th (E1102). Sau , c bm tr li a 12. Mt phn kerosene c ly ra n thp
Kerosene Stripper (T-1102). Thp gm 10 a v 1 thit b un si li (E-1110), lu
cht gia nhit l HGO t bm hi lu tun hon. Hi t thp T-1102 i tr li thp T1101. Sn phm keronsene y thp c bm qua thit b lm lnh bng khng kh
(E-1114) v thit b lm lnh bng nc (E-1115) xung 400C, ri n phn xng x
l kerosene (KTU).
Vng LGO.
LGO c ly ra a 26, c chia lm
2 phn : 1 phn c a vo thp Stripper, 1
phn i n bm hi lu tun hon.
Bm hi lu tun hon ca LGO (P-1104
A/B) i n h thng gia nhit du th (E-1106
A-F), sau vo tr li thp T-1101 a 23.
LGO i vo thp LGO Stripper (T-1103, gm
6 a) v 1 dng hi nc y thp.
Hi nh thp T-1103 tr v thp T-1101
a 23. LGO thu c y thp i qua E-1103 v sau i n thit b sy LGO (
T-1105).
Vng HGO.
HGO c trch ra a 38, mt phn
c a vo bm hi lu tun hon v thp
Stripper.
HGO i qua bm hi lu tun hon (P1105A/B) sau i qua thit b gia nhit (E1109). Dng HGO ny chnh l dng gia
Trang 46
nhit cho thit b un si li ca thp Stripper ca Kerosene. Sau khi trao i nhit,
dng HGO qua li thp T-1101 a 35.
Mt phn HGO khc c a vo thp Stripper (T-1104, gm 6 a), v 1
dng hi nc a vo y thp tch cc phn nh. Hi t thp T-1104 c
a tr li thp T-1101 a 35. Dng HGO thu c y c a i gia nhit
cho h thng gia nhit du th (E-1107 v E-1104), tip , c a vo thp sy
Vng np liu :
L im m nguyn liu du th i vo thp chng ct sau khi ra khi l gia

nhit. Vng np liu l khu vc nm gia a th 42 v 43. Dng nguyn liu du
th i vo thp chng ct thng qua cc ming ng t theo tip tuyn ca thp m
bo s phn b tt cho c hai pha lng v hi ti vng np liu.
Dng hi nng i ln pha trn ca thp v tip xc pha vi dng lng hi lu
t trn xung dc theo thn thp.
Dng lng t vng np liu chy trn xung y thp v dng hi qu nhit
c a vo t y thp tch cc cu t nh ra khi vng cn.
Vng y.
Dng cn kh quyn c tch cc cu t nh bng 1 dng hi nc qu nhit
y thp. Cn kh quyn thu c y c thu hi nhit ti cc thit b E1134A/B, E-1108A-D, E-1105 A-J, E-1101A-H.
Dng cn ny sau s qua phn xng RFCC hoc i vo b cha sau khi c
lm lnh xung 85oC bng nc ti thit b E-1120 E-D, nc sau khi trao i nhit
c lm mt bng thit b lm lnh bng khng kh E-1133. Trong trng hp cn
thit, nc c th c b sung bnh cha D-1115.
Mc ch khi dng tc nhn un nng l hi nc qu nhit l:
Lm gim p sut ring phn hydrocarbon.
Thc y s bay hi ca cc cu t.
To b mt bay hi ln do to cc bong bng.
Gim nhit thp xung 10- 200C
Sn phm
LPG/off gas
Light naphtha
Heavy naphtha
SVTH: Nguyn Trng NhnKerosene
Light gas oil
Heavy gas oil
Atmospheric residue
im ct TBP, 0C
< 15
C5 - 70
70 165
165 - 205
205 - 330
330 - 370
370+
Trang 47
Bng 4.1 Cc phn on sn phm theo thit k
2.2.4.Thp n nh xng
- Mc ch: Tch C4 v cc kh khc ra khi phn on xng (n nh xng).
- Nguyn liu: Hydrocarbon lng ngng t t hi nh thp tch chnh T-1101
- Sn phm:
nh thp:
-
Dng kh khng ngng Off-Gas.
Dng lng ngng LPG.
Hai dng Off -Gas v LPG ny c a v khu vc x l kh
y thp:
Dng xng tng n nh (Full Range Naphtha) i n phn xng NHT
tch loi tp cht.
Trang 48
Thuyt minh:
Xng cha n nh t D-1103 c gia nhit E-1118, trc khi vo thp
n nh. LPG c tch ra nh. Thp c 32 a ( c 2 ng knh 1500mm v
2600 mm), c 1 thit b un si li v h thng hi lu ngoi ti nh.
Trang 49
Trang 50
Hi nh thp c ngng t mt phn ti E-1122 v sau i n bnh tch 3

pha D-1104. Ti bnh tch D-1104, dng kh d (off gas), LPG v nc c tch
ra. p sut ti thp n nh xng T-1107 c iu khin bi van 011-PV-068B,
bng cch iu chnh dng kh d (off gas) a qua phn xng x l kh ca
RFCC. Trong trng hp van PV-068B m nhng p sut vn vt qu gii
hn, th van iu khin PV-068C c m ra x n h thng uc. Nc c
a qua bnh cha D-1103. LPG c chia lm 2 phn, 1 phn c a v lm hi
lu cho nh thp T-1107, phn cn li a vo phn xng x l kh ca RFCC.
Dng y thp T-1107 c a qua thit b un si li E-1121 bng dng
hn hp ca hi cao p (HPS) v nc kh khong (BFW) sau khi qua thit b
Desuperheater (DS-1101).
Dng y thu c thp T-1107 i qua thit b gia nhit nguyn liu ca thp
(E-1118A/B) . Tip , c lm lnh bng thit b lm lnh bng khng kh
E-1126, a n phn xng NHT hoc c lm lnh bng nc E-1127 vo
b cha.
Trang 51
2.2.4.H thng thu hi nhit

Mc ch: Thu hi nhit t cc phn on gia nhit cho nguyn
liu t 500C n 2870C i vi du Bch H (t 500C n 2770C i

vi du Dubai).
H thng thit b: c chia thnh 2 khu vc trc v sau thit b tch
mui.
H thng th nht: c gi l Cold Preheat Train gia nhit
nguyn liu t 500C n 1380C i vi Bch H (1330C i vi

Dubai).
Dy A: E-1101 A H (RA t E-1105);

E-1103A/B (LGO t T-1103).
Dy B: E-1102 ( Ker-PA t P-1103);

E-1104 (HGO t E-1107).
H thng th hai: c gi l Hot Preheat Train gia nhit
du th t 1330C n 2830C (Bch H) v t 1310C n 2770C

(Dubai).
Dy A: E-1105 AJ (RA t E-1108);

E-1107 (HGO t T-1104);
E-1109 (HGO_PA t P-1105);
E-1134 A/B (RA t P-1106).
Dy B: E-1106 (LGO_PA t P-1104);

E-1108 AD (RA t E-1134).
Trong , mc ni tip gm:

E-1101, E-1105, E-1108, E-1134.
E-1104, E-1107.
2.2.5. H thng sy.

Mc ch: Loi b trit nc cn ln trong LGO v HGO.
Trang 52
Thuyt minh:
Thp sy LGO (T-1105) v HGO (T-1106) gm c 4 a.
LGO t y T-1105 c bm qua thit b lm lnh bng khng kh ti E1116 bng bm P-1112A/B. Nhit ca LGO gim xung 550C, sau , vo b
cha TK-5115.
HGO t y T-1106 c bm qua thit b lm lnh bng khng kh ti E1117 bng bm P-1113A/B. Tip n, HGO c lm lnh bng nc ti E-1119.
Nhit ca LGO gim xung 550C, sau , vo thng cha TK-5109.
p sut ca 2 thp l -0.9 kg/cm2g c duy tr bi h thng chn khng.
2.2.6. H thng to chn khng.
H thng to chn khng duy tr p sut chn khng ti cc thp lm kh
da trn nguyn l ca hiu ng Ventury. H thng ny bao gm mt thit b ngng
t s cp A-1102-E-30 (Pre-condenser) v hai thit b ngng t th cp A-1102-E31 v A-1102-E-32 (After-Condenser). Mi thit b ngng t th cp c mt dy
gm 3 Ejector ni song song nhau: A-1102-J-01 A/B/C cho cp th nht v A-1102J-02 A/B/C cho cp th hai.
Trang 53
Mc ch ca cc Ejector ny l cun cc dng hi sn phm nh v cc

kh khng ngng theo dng hi trung p (middle pressure motive steam). Mc ch
ca cc thit b ngng t l ngng t cng nhiu hi nc v kh Hydrocarbon
cng tt. Nc lm lnh c s dng nh mt lu cht lm lnh trong cc thit b
ngng t.
Phn ngng t thu c t cc thit b ngng t c x n bnh tch 3 pha
nc/du D-1106 (Drier Oil/Water Separator), ni m nc c tch ra t pha
Hydrocarbon. Pha Hydrocarbon c bm n h thng du thi (Slop), cn nc
c bm n phn xng x l nc chua SWS (Stripped Water System).
Dng kh d (off-gas) t bnh tch 3 pha D-1106 c dn n bnh tch kh
d (off gas) D-1107 (Drier Off-gas Seal Pot) trc khi c em i t ti l gia
nhit du th H-1101.
Cc Ejector nh l cc bm ng lc s dng nng lng ca dng hi (Hi

trung p MP steam c s dng trong trng hp ny) duy tr lu lng ca
dng th cp bi s thay i t ngt ca p sut.
Ejector gm c 3 thnh phn chnh: u phun, bung hn hp v b khuch
tn (diffuser). Nguyn l hot ng ca Ejector ny l nng lng p sut (th
nng) ca dng hi c chuyn i thnh nng lng vn tc dng (ng nng)
ti vi phun. Vn tc dng hi cao s cun theo cc Hydrocarbon cng nh kh
Trang 54
khng ngng t thp lm kh LGO v HGO. Hn hp hi nc, Hydrocarbon v

kh khng ngng s n b phn khuch tn, ni m nng lng vn tc c
chuyn i thnh nng lng p sut p sut ca hn hp ti u ra ca Ejector
cao hn rt nhiu p sut u vo ca bung hn hp.
Trang 55
CHNG 4
TNG QUAN THIT B IU KHIN TRONG PHN
XNG CDU
4.1.H thng iu khin cm Cold Preheat Train
Cc thit b chnh:
Thit b trao i nhit E-1101 A-H
Thit b trao i nhit E-1102
Thit b trao i nhit E-1103 A/B
Van iu khin lu lng TV-007 A/B
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu nhit TT-007 A/B
Thit b hin th nhit TI-007 A/B
Thit b hin th v iu khin chnh lch nhit TDIC-007
Thit b chuyn i tn hiu TY-007 A/B/C/D
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu p sut PT-144
Thit b hin th v iu khin p sut PIC-144
Trang 56
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Hai thit b TT-007 A/B o v truyn tn hiu nhit ca 2 dng du
th v TI-007 A/B. Nhit 2 nhnh du th s c hin th ln mn
hnh iu khin v tip tc truyn tn hiu s n b TDIC-007.
Phng tnh ton hc: TDIC=(TI-007A TI-007B)
Tip theo tn hiu s c truyn n TY-007 A/B .Ri n TY-007
C/D ti y c s can thip ca PIC-144. Sau khi nhn tn hiu t PT144 b x l PIC-144 s cho ra gi tr m van cho php m
bo p sut bnh tch mui th cp. TY-007 C/D s so snh tn hiu t
TY-007 A/B v PIC-144 ly gi tr nh hn iu khin m 2 van
TV-007 A/B
Mc ch:
iu khin nhit 2 dng du th ra khi cm Cold Preheat
Train c nhit tng ng khi trn ln 2 dng a vo thit b
tch mui khng b sc nhit.
4.2.H thng iu khin khu vc tch mui:

Cc thit b chnh:
Trang 57
Thit b trn ln static mixer A-1101-M-01 v A-1101-M-02
Thit b tch mui A-1101-D-01 v A-1101-D-02
Thit b cha nc tch mui
Bm P-1118 A/B v P-1119 A/B
Thit b trao i nhit E-1128 A-E
Thit b lm mt bng khng kh E-1129
Van LV-003, FV-004 v FV-005
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b hin th v iu khin mc cht lng LIC-503, LIC-506
Thit b iu khin chn lc HS-001
Thit b chuyn i tn hiu HY-003
Thit b hin th v iu khin lu lng FIC-004 v FIC-005
Thit b o v iu khin mc cht lng ca thit b cha nc
LIC-025 trong D-1109

Thit b iu khin lu lng nc thm vo FC-021
Trang 58
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Hai b iu khin LIC-503 v LIC-506 o v truyn tn hiu mc cht lng
ca 2 bnh tch mui v HS-001. B iu khin chn lc HS-001 nhn tn hiu t
ngi vn hnh chn tn hiu n t LIC-503 hoc LIC-506 s truyn tn hiu
n HY-003 ng thi cng tc ng n m ca van LV-003. Sau khi nhn tn
hiu t HS-001 b x l HY-003 vi gi tr ratio ci t s tnh ton v truyn tn
hiu n FIC-004 v FIC-005. Hai b x l ny s tc ng ln m ca van FV004 v FV-005.
Thng thng, HS-001 s chn tn hiu n t LIC-503
Mc ch:
m bo mc lng cho 2 thit b tch mui
4.3.H thng iu khin cm Hot Preheat Train:

Cc thit b chnh:
Trang 59
Thit b trao i nhit E-1105 A-J
Thit b trao i nhit E-1106 A-F
Thit b trao i nhit E-1108 A-D
Thit b trao i nhit E-1134 A/B
Van 011-TV-015A v 011-TV-015B
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu nhit TT-275 v TT-014
Thit b hin th nhit TI-275 v TI-014
Thit b iu khin v hin th chnh lch nhit TDIC-015
Thit b chuyn i tn hiu TY-015A v TY-015B
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Hai thit b TT-014 v TT-275 o v truyn tn hiu nhit ca 2 dng du
th tch mui v TI-014 v TI-275. Thng s nhit s c hin th ln mn
Trang 60
hnh iu khin v c b x l TDIC-015 tnh ton ri truyn tn hiu n TY015A v TY-015B. Hai b x l ny s tc ng ln m ca van 011-TV-015A/B.
Mc ch:
m bo nhit 2 dng du th ra khi h thng trao i nhit nng khng
chnh lch qu ln d dng trn ln 2 dng.
4.4.H thng iu khin Pumparound nh:

Cc thit b chnh:
Thp chnh T-1101
Thit b l mt bng khng kh E-1112
Bm P-1102 A/B
Van UV-079 v UV-080
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu nhit TT-072, TT-073 v TT-076
Thit b hin th nhit TI-072 v TI-073
Thit b hin th chnh lch nhit TDI-074
Thit b chuyn i FY-095, FY-096 v FY-097
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu lu lng FT-011
Thit b iu khin v hin th lu lng FIC-011
Trang 61
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Thit b TT-076 o v truyn tn hiu nhit ca cc dng overhead n
TIC-076 hin th nhit v gi tn hiu iu khin n UIC-030. y l tn hiu
SP cho thit b UIC-030.Mc khc hai thit b o v truyn tn hiu TT-072 v TT073 s cho bit nhit dng rt ra thp ti a s 4 v nhit dng vo li ti a
s 1, thit b FT-011 truyn tn hiu v lu lng dng cho FIC-011. FIC-011 s
truyn tn hiu lu lng tng n cc thit b tnh ton FY-095, FY-096 v FY-097.
Ti FY-096 s tnh ton nhit rt ra ca dng hi lu tun hon v gi tr ny s
lm PV (process Variable) cho UIC-030. UIC-030 s tnh ton v truyn tn hiu
n FY-095 v FY-097. Kt hp vi lu lng t FIC-011, hai thit b ny s tc
ng n HIC-079 v HIC-080 thng qua iu khin m ca van UV-079 v
UV-080.
Mc ch:
m bo nhit dng overhead. Nhit ny rt quan trng v im si
cui ca sn phm Naphtha t nh thp tch chnh T-1101 c th c iu chnh
thng qua vic thay i gi tr setpoint ny
Trang 62
4.5.H thng iu khin pumparound KER v LGO:

Tng t nh h thng iu khin pumparound nh ch khc thit b lm
mt bng khng kh s c thay bng thit b trao i nhit.i vi KER th
stripper ca n s dng thit b un si li y cn LGO s dng hi nc thp
p stripping
Trang 63
4.6.H thng iu khin pumparound HGO:

Cc thit b chnh:
Thp chnh T-1101
Thit b l trao i nhit E-1110 v E-1109
Bm P-1105 A/B
Van UV-085, UV-086, UV-089 v UV-090
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu nhit TT-080, TT-083 v TT-092
Thit b hin th nhit TI-080, TI-083 v TI-092
Trang 64
Thit b hin th chnh lch nhit TDI-085 v TDI-093
Thit b chuyn i FY-088, FY-089, FY-94, FY-98, FY-99 v

FY-116
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu lu lng FT-018
Thit b iu khin v hin th m van HIC-085, HIC-086,

HIC-089 v HIC-090
Thit b iu khin v hin th cng sut nhit UIC-031 v UIC-
033
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Cc thit b TT-080, TT-083 v TT-092 o v truyn tn hiu nhit ca
cc dng hi lu tun hon ca HGO n TIC-080, TIC-083 v TIC-092. Ti y
s hin th nhit v gi tn hiu iu khin n TDI-085 v TDI-093 c b
tnh ton FY-116 v FY-098 chuyn thnh cng sut nhit. y s l tn hiu SP
cho thit b UIC-033 v UIC-031.Mc khc thit b o v truyn tn hiu FT-018 s
cho bit lu lng dng rt ra thp ti a s 38. Thit b FT-018 truyn tn hiu v
lu lng dng cho FIC-018. FIC-018 s truyn tn hiu lu lng tng cho cc
thit b tnh ton FY-098 , FY-116 , FY-088 v FY-089. FY-098 s tnh ton nhit
Trang 65
trao i ca dng hi lu tun hon lm PV cho UIC-031. UIC-031 s tnh ton v

truyn tn hiu n HIC-090, HIC-089 v FY-099.
Ti thit b tnh ton chn lc FY-094, s chn lc gi tr nh
hn gia 2 tn hiu t UIC-033 v FY-099. Tn hiu ny, s c

truyn n 2 thit b FY-088 v FY-089, kt hp vi lu lng t FIC018, hai thit b ny s tc ng n HIC-085 v HIC-086 thng qua
iu khin m ca van UV-085 v UV-086.
Tn hiu ra t UIC-031(0-50%) c truyn n 2 thit b
HIC-089 v HIC-090, thng qua tc ng ln m van UV-089 v

UV-090.
Mc ch:
t c hiu qu tch tt ca qu trnh chng ct trong thp T-1101 cng
nh p ng c im ct gia hai phn on HGO v phn on cn theo yu
cu.
4.7.iu khin mc cht lng trong thp chnh T-1101 (LIC-007):

Cc thit b chnh:
Thp chnh T-1101
Thit b l trao i nhit E-1120 A-D
Van FV-026, FV-027, FV-029, v FV-064
Cc thit b iu khin:
Thit b o v truyn tn hiu lu lng FT-026, FT-027
FT-029 v FT-064
Thit b chuyn i LY-007A, LY-007B, LY-007C, v
LY-082
Thit b o v hin th tn hiu lu lng FI-065, FI-167
Thit b iu khin v hin th mc cht lng LIC-007
Thit b iu khin v hin th lu lng FQIC-026, FQIC-027
v FQIC-029
Hnh nh
Trang 66
Nguyn tc hot ng:

Thit b LT-0007 o v truyn tn hiu mc cht lng thp chnh T-1101
n LIC-007.Ti y, s hin th mc cht lng v gi tn hiu iu khin n b
tnh ton LY-082 (0%-33%), LY-007A (33%-67%) , LY-007C (67%-100%).
Tn hiu t b tnh ton LY-082 s c gi n thit b iu khin chn lc
gi tr nh hn LY-007B.Ti y, n s chn lc gia 2 tn hiu t LIC-0007 v
dng nguyn liu yu cu ca phn xng RFCC , iu khin lu lng dng
nguyn liu i qua phn xng RFCC.
Tn hiu t b tnh ton LY-007A s lm SET POINT cho thit b iu khin
FQIC-026. Tn hiu t b tnh ton LY-007C s lm SET POINT cho thit b iu
khin FQIC-027.Hai thit b ny s cng iu khin lu lng RA vo b cha
bng cch tc ng ln m van FV-026 v FV-027. Thit k ca van FV-026
Trang 67
nh hn FV-027, trong trng hp phn xng RFCC b OFF-LINE th van FV026 m 100%, cn van FV-027 s u khin lu lng trong b cha.
Thit b FI-167 hin th ton b lng RA sinh ra trong qu trnh vn hnh v trong
b cha. Thit b FI-065 hin th lng RA sinh ra trong qu trnh vn hnh.
Mc ch
iu khin mc y ca thp phn tch chnh T-1101 v p ng nhu cu
nguyn liu u vo cho phn xng RFC
Trang 68
KT LUN
Sau thi gian thc tp 4 tun ti nh my lc du DUNG QUT, em nhn
c s gip nhit tnh t cc anh Khu Cng Ngh 1B (CDU-KTU) v cc
anh ch phng o To. Trong qu trnh thc tp v hon thnh bi bo co,
khng th trnh khi nhng sai st, em rt mong c s ng gp kin ca qu
thy c v cc anh ch.
Qung Ngi, ngy 30 thng 10 nm 2012
Trang 69

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

ra i ca nh my gp phn ng k trong vic khai thc v s dng ngun du

Nguyn Trng Nhn

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Khng a gin v nh nhau trong cng trng

III.Tnh hung khn cp:

3.2.Tnh hung khng c in thoi:

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Hy bo v nn nhn trnh lm tnh trng trm trng hn

V.Cc khu vc c th xy ra tai nn:

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

5.2.Lm vic trong khng gian hn ch:

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Kim sot khng kh bn trong khu vc khng gian hn ch

5.3.Lm vic trong mi trng nguy him v in:

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Cht rn (giy, g . . .) : dng nc dp tt m chy

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

VII. An ton cu:

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

S t chc cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin lc ha du Bnh Sn :

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

S t chc phn xng :

S t chc chung ca phn xng

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Hnh 3.1 S tng th v tr nh my lc du Dung Qut.

SVTH: Nguyn Trng Nhn

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Hnh 3.2 S cc cm phn xng nh my lc du Dung Qut.

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CDU

KSHD: Nguyn Minh Cnh

Phn xng x l Naphtha bng Hydro (NHT)

Phn xng x l Kerosene (KTU)

B cha (hoc i qua h thng pha trn)

B cha hoc LCO-HDT

Phn xng RFCC

- Sn phm nh t nh thp chng ct CDU c a qua cm x l kh ca phn