INTRODUCTION:Kupwara District is the backward frontier District of Jammu & Kashmir, full of scenic beauty.

District Kupwara was carved out form erstwhile District Baramulla in the year 1979. Kupwara District is situated in the state of Dark forests and rich wild life it noteworthy from tourism and wildlife point of view. District Kupwara was carved out from erstwhile District Baramulla in the year 1979. Nature has been very kind to Kupwara. The District Headquarter Kupwara is situated at a distance of 90 kms from the summer capital of state, i.e. Srinagar. As per 2001 India census, kupwara had a population of 14,711. males constitute 61percent of the population and females 39percent. Kupwara has an average literacy rate of 55percent which is lower than the national average of 59.5percent. District Kupwara was originally part of erstwhile undivided Barmaulla District. District Kupwara was carved out of district Baramulla in July 1979. people of this district have a painful experience of partition of India and unnatural division of the state. Kupwara District has got 4 colleges, 22 Higher Secondary Schools and 1289 Educational Institutions. Occupying an area of 2379 sq. km, Kupwara District (5300 m above sea level) is encircled by the Line of control in the northwest and Baramulla District in the South

In Kupwara, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age. Majority of the People of Muslim while there is small community of Sikhs in both Kupwara and Handwara Tehsils. Kashmiris are the largest ethnic group followed by Paharis and Gujjars. In Kupwara and Handwara Tehsil Kashmiris form the majority and Gujjars and paharis live in upper areas of these regions. However paharis speaking people for majority in remote and hilly Tehsil of Karnah. There are three badpocket areas, namely Machil, Keran and Karnah located near L.O.C which remain land locked for more than six months in a year. There are some other areas located at barbed distances and remain cut off from District Headquarter for a considerable time. Like Kumkadi, Lashdat, Jumgund, Kethanwali and Budnambal. The district is located between 730-16 North latitude and between 340-21 East longitude. The total area covered by the District is 2379sq.km and is located at an altitude of 5300ft above the see level. Educational Scenario:Kupwara has a literacy rate of 50.50%. The district has got 04 Higher Education Institutions 22 Higher Secondary School and 1289 educational institutions. Govt. Degree College Kupwara is the largest college in the District with total enrollment exceeding 3000. New private English medium schools are also creeping up. Education has become common in modern times. School Education : Primary Schools Middle Schools High Schools Higher Sec. Schools Higher & Technical Education Colleges ITIs 04 04 913 625 61 40

Facts & Figures Area Area under Forests Latitude Longitude Average Altitude Population (1981) Male Female Literacy Rate No. of Tehsils No. of blocks No. of Villages 2379 Sq.km 1651 Sq.km between 730.10and 730-16 North between 340.17and 340-21 East 5300 feet from the sea level 3.29 lakhs 1.77 lakhs 1.62 lakhs 55% 3 11 369 NEED AND IMPORTANCE To find out the factors which render the Zone Karalpora Kupwara educationally backward and that cause fall in the literacy level in the zone Karalpora. To highlight the issue and problems faced by the educational zone Karalpora in the educational process. To suggest the ways for the improvement of education in the District and methods to combat the decreasing enrollment and educational standard in the schools of zone Karalpora. As the fate of the country lies on girls their upliftment can bring about the social change. The investigator being the local resident of Kralpora zone of Kupwara district feels it feasible to se the educational scenario of Zone as no study of such is conducted so far. To fill the vaccum the investigation will attempt modesty for the same. Statement of Problem : Educational Scenario of District Kupwara A case study Zone Kralpora, Kupwara Kashmir

OBJECTIVES :-

1.

To study the educational scenario of Zone Kralpora with special reference to Girls To study the factors affecting educational backwardness the people of zone To provide suggestions for the educational upliftment of the zone Kralpora,

Education.
2.

Kralpora, Kupwara. 3. Kupwara.

METHODOLOGY :For collection of the data survey method, Historical method and collection method will be used. The investigator will visits all the school to get the relevant data.

REFERENCES :1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6.

Wikipedia. Jehlum Post. Kashmir Paper back Vitasta Annual Number by Akash Sabha. The valley of Kashmir Walter R. Lawrence Blogger Kashmir Kuldeep Koul. Biscoe, C. E. T. (1925). Kashmir in Sunlight and Blank, Jonah (1999). "Kashmir: Fundamentalism takes root." Foreign Affairs. Burki, Shahid Javed (2007). Kashmir: A Problem in Search of a Solution. of Peace.

Shade. London: Seeley, Service. 7. 8. 9. Nov. 1999. <http://www.jammukashmir.com/insights/insight19991210-16.html>. Washington, DC: United States Institute

10. 11. 12. 13. 2008. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27.

Chohan, A. (1998). Development of education in Jammu and Kashmir State, Crossette, Barbara (1997). " U.S. Experts Suggest India Ease Military Presence in 12 Oct. 1997. <http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?

1846-1947. New Delhi: Atlantic. Kashmir ." The New York Times. res=9E06E5D6103CF931A25753C1A961958260>. "Education key to Kashmir's peace and prosperity: Patil." AOL India. 26 May <http://www.aol.in/news/story/2008052610449012000022/India/index.html>. Ganai, Nisar (2008). Personal Interview with the Chairman of JK the Board of Government of Jammu & Kashmir. (2007). Digest of Statistics, Jammu & Department, Jammu & Kashmir. Gupta, A. (2007). Teacher Education in Jammu & Kashmir. All India Retrieved October 1, 2008, from

School Education. 20 June 2008. Kashmir. Srinagar: Education

Association for Education Research. <http://www.aiaer.net/ejournal/vol19207/29._Gupta___Kapoor.htm>. Habibullah, W. (2008). My Kashmir: Conflict and the Prospects of Enduring States Institute Of Peace (USIP) Press. Kumar, R. (2000). The Partition Debate: Colonialism Revisited or New Affairs, 7(1), 3-11. J&K State Board of School Education. (n.d.). Retrieved October 1, 2008, from Jammu & Kashmir Development Report. Rep. Sept. 2003. State Plan Division, <http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/sdrbody.html>. "Jammu & Kashmir Educational Facts & Figures." Jammu and Kashmir Peace. Washington, DC: United

Policies?. Brown Journal of International

<http://www.jkboseonline.com>. Government of India.

Education. Jan. 1999. National Network of

28. 29. 30. 31. 2000. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46.

Education. <http://www.jkeducation.net/Facts/Facts&figures/> India News (2008). "Jammu and Kashmir Gets Its First Army Public School." <http://www.india-server.com/news/jammu-and-kashmir-gets-its-first-armyMcgivering, Jill (2000). "Kashmir's orphaned thousands." BBC NEWS. 7 Aug. <http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/869953.stm>. Mir, Imraan (2003). A New Kashmir: Religion, Education and the Roots of Social Valley House Books. Meyerle, G. (2008). Death by a Thousand Cuts: The Dynamics of Protracted Charlottesville: University of Virginia Dissertation. Mujoo, Ramesh-Kumar (1990). Higher Education and Social Mobility: University Education on the Career and Attitudes of Graduates in Jammu and Poona, 1990. Pune: Indian Institute of Education. Pal, W. (2006). Kashmir: New Voices, New Approaches. Boulder: Lynne Rienner BIBLIOGRAPHYParvaiz, Athar (2007). "School enrolment in J&K ." Kashmir <http://www.kashmirtimes.com/archive/0707/070710/news8.htm>. Peer, Basharat (2004). "The school that helped build Kashmir." The Rediff <http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/jul/26spec1.htm>. Public Private Partnerships In India - Jammu & Kashmir - Introduction. (n.d.). <http://www.pppinindia.com/states_j&k.asp>.

India News. 12 Nov. 2008. 4602.html>

Disintegration. New York:

Insurgency in Kashmir and Sri Lanka.

Interdisciplinary Study of the Impact of Kashmir. Diss. The University of

Publishers. Times. 7 July 2007.

Special. 26 July 2004.

Retrieved October 30, 2008, from

47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 2005. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 66.

Rai, Mridu (2004). Hindu Rulers, Muslim Subjects: Islam, Rights, and the History University Press. Raza, Moonis (1984). School Accessibility in India : The Regional Dimension. (Unpublished), 29p. Renner, M. (2007). Kashmir: Physical Tremor, but No Political Earthquake. Disasters: Creating Opportunities for Peace, 32-36. Roy, Arundhati (2008). "What would independence mean to the people of 22 Aug. 2008. <http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/aug/22/kashmir.india>. Seventh All India Educational Survey. (2002). <http://7thsurvey.ncert.nic.in/1568910/secondpage.asp?code=01&name=JAMMU Sachar Committee Report (2006). Status of the Muslim Community in India. Rep. Sachar Committee. <http://www.mfsd.org/sachar/leafletEnglish.pdf>. Schofield, Victoria (1997). Kashmir in the Crossfire. New York: Viva Books Taseer, C. Bilqees. The Kashmir of Sheikh Abdullah. New York: Gulshan Books, The Tribune (2008). "Dropout rate down in schools - Jammu & Kashmir." The http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20080227/j&k.htm#11>. Tyndale-Biscoe, E. D (1930). Fifty years against the stream: The story of a school Wesleyan Mission Press. Ul Rehman , I. (n.d.). Jammu is not Kashmir. Rising Kashmir. <http://www.risingkashmir.com/index.php?

of Kashmir. Princeton: Princeton

New Delhi: NUEPA

World Watch Report, Beyond

Kashmir?." The Guardian Newspaper.

%20AND%20KASHMIR>. Nov. 2006. The Rajindar

Private Limited.

Tribune. 26 Feb. 2008. <

in Kashmir, 1880-1930. India:

option=com_content&task=view&id=6290&Itemid=51>.

67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74.

Weil, F. (1985). The Variable Effects of Education on Liberal Attitudes. 458-474. Widmalm, S. (2006). Kashmir in Comparative Perspective: Democracy and York: Oxford University Press, USA. Wirsing, Robert G (1998). India, Pakistan and the Kashmir Dispute. New York: Zahoor, Sheikh (2002). "Impact of Conflict Situation on Children and Women in Rights Site. 21 Feb. 2002. <http://kashmir.ahrchk.net/mainfile.php/articles/45/>. Zutshi, U. K (1986). Emergence of Political Awakening in Kashmir. Manohar:

American Sociological Review, 50(4),

Violent Separatism in India. New

Palgrave Macmillan. Kashmir." Kashmir Human

South Asia Books.