Capacitor and Inductor (Revision)

Capacitor and Inductor

Capacitor

Inductor

As temporary voltage source. Slow down the voltage change Analogy: Water tank.

As temporary current source. Slow down current change. Analogy: Heavy water wheel.

Capacitor

Charging Constant Voltage Capacitor

Discharging

Water Water Pressure

Water

Pressure

0 Water flow Water flow

Inductor Charging

Heavy water wheel

Pressure

Water

Accumulated water Water

Water flow

Water

Inductor Discharging Heavy water wheel (1)

(3) Continue rotate

Water Heavy water wheel (2)

(Stop)

Water

Accumulated water

(4) Stop Stop

(Stop) Pressure

Water

(Stop) Water flow

Water

(Stop)

Common Waveforms

Is i(t) = Is (1-e-t/ )

Is i(t) = Is e-t/

Common Waveforms

Is i(t) = Is (1-e-t/ )

Is i(t) = Is e-t/

Common Waveforms-2

Is i(t) = (Is I0)(1 - e-t/ ) + I0 or i(t) = Is + (I0 - Is )e-t/ I0

Is i(t) = (Is I0) e-t/ + I0 I0

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Initial value i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/

Final value

i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/

Is i(t) = Is (1-e-t/ ) i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/ i(t) = Is + [ 0 - Is ]e-t/ i(t) = Is (1-e-t/ )

Is i(t) = Is e-t/

i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/ i(t) = 0 + [ Is - 0 ]e-t/ i(t) = Is e-t/ )

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i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/

Is i(t) = (Is I0)(1 - e-t/ ) + I0 or i(t) = Is + (I0 - Is )e-t/ I0 i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/ i(t) = Is + (I0 - Is)e-t/

Is i(t) = (Is I0) e-t/ + I0 I0 i(t) = I() + [ I(0) - I() ]e-t/ i(t) = I0 + (Is - I0)e-t/

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Capacitor R

Vs

+ -

IR C

+ Vc -

Assuming the capacitor is initially uncharged. Then, the switch is closed at t=0. Find the expression and waveform for Vc and IR.

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Capacitor IR + Vc C

Assuming the capacitor is initially charged to V0. Then, the switch is closed at t=0. Find the expression and waveform for Vc and IR.

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Capacitor R1 a b R2

Vs1

+ -

+ Vc -

+ V s2 -

Assuming the switch is at point a at t<0 and the capacitor is charged to Vs1. Then at t=0, the switch move to b. Find the expression and waveform for Vc for: a. When Vs1 > Vs2 b. When Vs1 < Vs2 c. When Vs1 = Vs2

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Inductor

IL Is IR R L + VL -

Assuming no current flow through the inductor initially. At t=0, the switch is closed. Find the expression and waveform of IR, IL and VL.

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Inductor

a b Is R1 R2 IR2 IL L + VL -

Assuming the switch is at position a initially (t=0). Then, the switch move to position b at t=5. Find the expression and waveform of IR2, IL and VL for both charging and discharging behavior.

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