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DETAILED MODELLING OF HV SINGLE CORE CABLE SYSTEMS USING POWERFACTORY ..to determine armour and screen
current magnitudes under varying conditions of installation Peter Willis, DIgSILENT Pacific
Perth Office
DIgSILENT Pacific PowerFactory Training
SYSTEM MODELLING
Cable Systems Frequency domain model Traditionally represented by equivalent PI representation for Z1 and Z0 impedances. Impedance data is typically taken from manufacturers catalogues
For multi-core cables, manufacturer data is used. Here we see a non-SWA OLEX cable.
For single core cables systems, the overall impedance must be calculated from the geometric arrangement of the conductors, as is the requirement for overhead lines. These complexity of these calculations are also compounded by the multiple insulation and conducting layers of single core cable profiles, however the new PowerFactory cable system tools encapsulates this.
Unlike multi-core cables, the individual phase screens are not in electrical contact along the cable length, so there can be substantial induced currents flowing when screens are bonded together and earthed at the cable terminations. If the screens are not bonded at both ends, induced currents do not flow however screen voltages become elevated. All this requires engineering assessment, hence new tools were developed (first supported in Version 13.1) to model single phase cable systems.
There are three new PowerFactory objects in the model: TypCab Single Phase cable profile TypCabsys Geometric arrangement of cables making up the circuits in a cable system ElmCabsys The link between cable system type and the line elements in the active network Overhead line equivalents: TypCon Arial Conductor Type TypTow Tower geometry Type ElmTow Tower Element
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GRAPHICS
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GRAPHICS
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WHY DO IT ???
Why do we need this tool? Customers asked for this Screen and armour currents need to be quantified so connections & equipment can be correctly dimensioned. Where screens or armours are lifted, the standing voltage can be determined under load and fault conditions. Screen-cross bonding distances can be examined Effect of cascading failures can be examined
DIgSILENT Pacific PowerFactory Training
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Example of how the Cabsys model was used to quantify screen currents following screen joint failure in 6.6kV generator incomer and how the geometric orientation of cable grouping in the field affects current imbalance across all conducting layers.
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CASE STUDY
Oil & Gas Installation - VESDA System detected fault but damage was already done - Generator outage - Very significant $AUD in production losses
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- Circulating currents
armour and screen bonding and earthing, termination kits..
- Eddy Currents
steel pipes, transit boxes, gland plates..
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Cable Profile
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Joint Instructions
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Screens Connected
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PowerFactory Study cases: Effect of parallel circuits Lack of transposition Phase positions in trefoil groups Effect of high resistance joints leading to cascading failure Lifting screens and isolating armour-clamping glands
Screens Connected
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Repaired Joints
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SUMMARY
Modelling Cable Systems A tool that has a time and a place Can also be used to offline to valid Z1/Z0 in conventional models. Has associated line objects for each conducting path (sheath, armour, conductor) of each circuit. Going forward.. Easier to visualise with composite branch line graphic (V14 feature) Has some application for EPR calculation, whereby ground impedance is modelled from external tool (CDEGS). Feedback welcomealways
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