Architecture of Remote Vital Signs Acquisition based

- GPS
Ru Xue
1
, Zong-sheng Wu
2
Jie Chen
1
, A-ning Bai
1. School of Information Engineering, Tibet Institute for Nationalities, XianYang , China
1
2. School of Information Engineering, Changan University, Xian, China
AbstractIn this paper a architecture of real-time remote life
monitoring system based on the GPS is presented . The system
architecture consists of ARM, vital signs monitoring module,
GPS and GSM wireless communication module; it can be applied
to long-distance medical treatment, exploring trends of potential
chronic diseases and communicate illness, and urgent situations
informing for sudden diseases.
Keywords- Embedded systems; Remote monitoring; Vital signs.
I. INTRODUCTION
There are certain professions or things in life in which
men animals or environments may have to be highly active
and need to monitoring real-time , in order to master what
when and how they are living, such as a soldier fighting the
enemy, fire fighters, law enforcement personnel, miners,
animals .In addition to most older people are stay at home
alone, so it is need to learn how about of them, and so on.
Considering the mobility and vulnerability, it is very important
to monitor the health and living status and geo-location of the
personnel or herd to ensure the safety and effective completion
of the assigned job or life. In order to assess normal life
behavior and individual health status, and timely detection of
life-threatening disease and security, ease for economic loss
caused by life health and disease , here has been a significant
shift in the development of the device by way of introduction
of the sensors into the device worn by the personnel or animals.
the paper presents a method based on GPS mobile vital sign
acquisition system structure ,which can monitor vital signs, and
position information timely through information acquisition
system, and transmission, analysis, to ensure the life
safety[1,2,3].
The section 2 describes in detail the system design based on
sensor, signal preprocessing, embedded system, wireless
communication and GPS technologies. Section 2.1 presents an
overview of the system architecture. Sections 2.2 and 2.3
describe the system components and the detail of the system
operation procedure. Sections 2.4 describe the work of GPS
and GSM.
II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The vital signs acquisition system consists of sensors,
data acquisition and processing hardware, storage device,
wireless transmission and GPS. The overall architecture of the
architecture is illustrated in Fig. 1.
This study presents a GPS-based remote vital signs
architecture comprising three parts, including the vital signs
measuring, the advanced embedded system (ARM) and the
GSM communication server. Fig. 1 presents the system
architecture. The vital signs measure the vital signs via the
plus meter sensor, blood pressure monitor, thermometer, GPS,
et al to collect vital signs and geographic position, in the
embedded system performs signal preprocessing, such as filter
out noises, amplify. And then the analog signals are first
transferred into digital signals using an analog-to-digital
converter, and are then transmitted the signals to transmission
device at a predefined baud rate
[3,4]
. When the collected data
match the predetermined data amount, the embedded system
transmits the data to the remote server by wireless
communication. Finally, the remote server stores the sensing
signals into database.
Figure 1. Architecture of real-time remote life monitoring system
A. Data Acquisition and Processing
This study used blood-pressure transducer pulse
transducer temperature transducer and so on to capture vital
signals. The sensor converts temperature pulse blood-
pressure into an electrical signal. Since the vital signs measured
by various sensors is very weak and often contains common-
mode noise, the architecture utilized a differential amplifier to
filter out noise while amplifying the vital signal. In addition to
common-mode noise, the pulse signals also contain high- and
low-frequency noise. And the process of data acquisition from
the sensor electrodes will inevitably contain noise due to
interfering signals from surrounding electrical devices and also
Supported by the Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications
Research LaboratorySoutheast University (No. 2011D15)
1676
978-1-4577-1415-3/12/$26.00 2012 IEEE
other electrical signals in body including muscular activity.
Thus, high-pass and low-pass filters were used to eliminate
noise. The output of the sensors simultaneously contains
signals with negative voltage levels. However, the analog-to-
digital converter (ADC) cannot handle signals with negative
voltage levels
[4]
. To increase the voltage level of the signals to
a level higher than zero, this study employed a voltage clamp
circuit. Additionally, the embedded system provides a flexible
mechanism that extends peripheral devices such as a global
positioning system (GPS), and easily modifies system
functionalities via small adjustments.
Figure 2. Data Acquisition and Processing
1) 0lS Singal Acquisition
Global Position System (GPS) is available at land, sea and
air for all aspects of real-time three dimensional navigation
and positioning and a new generation of satellite navigation
and positioning system, have many features such as all
weather, high precision and high benefit. GPS have been
applied widely in various fields
[5]
. After the GPS signal has
been converted to intermediate frequency the code offset and
carrier Doppler shift are calculated with the help of signal
acquisition process. If the satellite is visible, the acquisition
process determines the coarse values of carrier frequency and
code phase of the satellite signals. In order to perform position
calculations the direct signal is acquired in the GPS receiver
by correlating the incoming code with a locally generated C/A
code and varying delay and Doppler until the correlate output
is maximized
[6]
The paper use the GPS sensor GPS-OEM which is simple,
inexpensive, easy to further development, and have data
collection and positioning function, as long as access the
antenna various kinds of data can be output through the
interface. Structurally, the major parts of GPS receiver made
large scale integrated circuit ship, forming GPS-OEM, and
integrated in a circuit board. The market of OEM type are
more, and have different properties , but its main component is
generally made of inverter, standard frequency, signal channel,
microprocessor and storage units and other components.as
figure 3.
. The distance arrange between GPS satellite
and receiver is inferred from the time of occurrence of this
peak value and later on position calculation are performed by
suitable algorithms.
Figure 3. Structure of OEM
First, setting the OEM board through related software ,The
OEM board self-test after accessed application system, then
receive GPS radio frequency signal from antenna, through
series of process such as frequency conversion, amplification,
mixing, associated with TTL conversion, and parallel channel
finished number satellite tracking in its view that geometry
position is best, OEM measure propagation time of signal
from the satellite to the receiving antenna, interpret navigation
message sent out by GPS satellite, output serial data through
the standard I / O port finally. There are two type of
statements in OEM:input and output, among them input
statements main duty are initialization OEM, choice
navigation mode, choice the output data; output statements is
send GPS data information to users
[7,8]
Through setting ,OEM can output varieties of data, catching
the star fast, time is short in locating, no static drift, sensitivity
and dynamic stability, is suitable for complex terrain
positioning requirement, higher precision. Users can choose
OEM board to further development according to their
requirements in the performance, assembly, flexible,
development and system integration, software interface design
corresponding, adaptation display, keyboard and other users to
terminal and control processor, convenient form a GPS basic
application system.
. Most of OEM are
made of large scale integrated GPS special chipsscale , surface
encapsulation technology and a single power supply mode.
2) Vital Singal Acquisition
The vital signal acquisitions are to be used for gathering
physiological data from the patient. The design of these
modules is determined by the type of measurement required.
A typical module consists of electrodes, protection circuitry,
signal sampling, filtering, amplifying and preprocessing
blocks and an output interface which is usually an analog-to-
digital converter (ADC). In some cases, temporary storage
buffer space is also required. The typical measurements made
by sensor modules include Electro-Cardiograph (ECG),
Electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure, blood
oxygenation, breathing, heart rate, body temperature and many
more. Some of these modules have been developed in
different research institutes across the world. For use in this
project, we will use some of the existing modules, while some
new modules will be built if there are no existing modules for
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the specific measurement or the existing modules are
inconvenient for integration in small, wearable sensors. The
design of these modules has three necessary restrictions: small
size (for ease in mobility), low energy expenditure (to enhance
the battery lifetime) and most importantly safety for patient
(i.e. no harmful radiations etc.).
B. 0SM
To make the best use of mobile communication
technology, the objectives of this paper therefore utilize global
system for mobile communication (GSM) to conduct field
data acquisition and proceed to investigate the corresponding
feasibility to conduct field data acquisition and proceed to
investigate the corresponding feasibility. There have many
advantages in the GSM: The high speed transmission, fast
connection, the expenses is cheap, forever on-line etc..
Typically, an external GSM modem is connected to a
computer through a serial cable or USB cable. Like a GSM
mobile phone, a GSM modem requires a SIM card from a
wireless carrier in order to operate. GSM modems support a
common set of standard AT commands. With the AT
Command, reading and sending message can be done without
any doubt
[9,10]
III. CONCLUSION
. The number of SMS messages that can be
processed by a GSM modem per minute is very low which
only about six to ten SMS messages per minute.
An miniature system for wireless vital signs monitoring
was presented. The miniature device is composed of the
electronics and sensors for the monitoring vital signs about
electrocardiogram (ECG), blood pressure ,heart rate
(HR) ,body temperature and so on . The experimental results
showed that the signals can be obtained clearly by the device.
The system makes possible physiological parameter
measurements for remote monitoring, especially for people or
animals who we want to know how about they are living.
The system can be used to obtain respiratory rate, heart
rate, and physiological waveforms including, but not limited
to, heart waveforms, pulse waveform, and/or a respiratory
waveform. These rates and waveforms can be analyzed to
assess various physiological and medical parameters .Various
embodiments of the physiological motion sensor can operate
with no contact and work at a distance from a subject. Various
embodiments of the physiological motion sensor can operate
on subjects from different positions relative to the subject.
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