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Cu 1: Cho 6,44 gam mt ancol n chc phn ng vi CuO un nng, thu c 8,68 gam hn
hp X gm anehit, nc v ancol d. Cho ton b X tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3
trong NH3, kt thc cc phn ng thu c m gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 30,24.
B. 86,94.
C. 60,48.
D. 43,47.
nO = 0,14 mol => nancol > 0,14 mol => M < 46 => ancol: CH3OH => andehit: HCHO (0,14 mol)
=> mAg = 0,14*4*108 = 60,48 gam
p n: C
Cu 2: Hn hp M gm ancol no, n chc, mch h X v hirocacbon Y. t chy hon ton
mt lng M cn dng va 0,07 mol O2, thu c 0,04 mol CO2. Cng thc phn t ca Y
l
A. C3H8.
B. C2H6.
C. CH4.
D. C4H10.
Nhn xt: Y l ankan
nH2O = x (mol) => nX = 0,08 + x 0,14 = (x 0,06) mol
=> nM = x 0,04 => nX + nY = x 0,04 => x 0,06 + nY = x 0,04 => nY = 0,02 mol
=> nM > 0,02 mol => C < 2 => Y: CH4
p n: C
Cu 3: Cho dy cc cht: axetilen, anehit axetic, axit fomic, anilin, phenol, metylxiclopropan. S
cht trong dy lm mt mu nc brom l
Nguyenvanhieu1995
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 4.
D. 3.
p n: B
Cu 4: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO, C2H2 v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau
mt thi gian thu c hn hp Y (gm kh v hi). t chy hon ton Y cn dng va 0,07
mol O2, sinh ra 0,055 mol CO2 v 0,81 gam H2O. Phn trm th tch ca HCHO trong X l
A. 25,00%.
B. 75,00%.
C. 66,67%%.
D. 33,33%.
Nhn xt:
+ t chy Y cng nh t chy X
+ trong X cha 2H => nX = nH2O = 0,045 mol
Bo ton O: nHCHO = 0,11 + 0,045 0,14 = 0,015 mol
% (V) HCHO = 33,33%
p n: D
Cu 5: Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Ba v Al2O3 vo nc thu c dung dch X v
0,2 mol H2. Sc kh CO2 ti d vo X, xut hin 11,7 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 37,60.
B. 21,35.
C. 42,70.
D. 35,05.
nBa = nH2 = 0,2 mol
nAl(OH)3 = 0,15 mol => nAl2O3 = 0,075 mol => m = 0,2*137 + 0,075*102 = 35,05 gam
p n: D
Cu 6: Thu phn hon ton m gam mt pentapeptit mch h M thu c hn hp gm hai
amino axit X1, X2 (u no, mch h, phn t cha mt nhm -NH2 v mt nhm -COOH). t
chy ton b lng X1, X2 trn cn dng va 0,1275 mol O2, ch thu c N2, H2O v
0,11 mol CO2. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,17.
B. 3,89.
C. 4,31.
D. 3,59.
t X1; X2 l X => nX = nH2O + nN2 nCO2
=> x = nH2O + 0,5x 0,11 => nH2O = 0,11 + 0,5x
Bo ton O: 2x + 0,255 = 0,22 + 0,11 + 0,5x => x = 0,05 mol
X: NH2CnH2nCOOH --> (n + 1)CO2 => n = 1,2
=> M: H[NHC1,2H2,4CO]5OH (0,01mol) => m = 3,17 gam
p n: A
Cu 7: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu gim dn nhit si t tri sang phi l
A. C2H5COOH, C2H5CH2OH, CH3COCH3, C2H5CHO.
B. C2H5COOH, C2H5CHO, C2H5CH2OH, CH3COCH3.
C. C2H5CHO, CH3COCH3, C2H5CH2OH, C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COCH3, C2H5CHO, C2H5CH2OH, C2H5COOH.
Cu 8: Hp th ht 0,15 mol CO2 vo dung dch cha 0,025 mol NaOH v 0,1 mol Ba(OH)2, kt
thc cc phn ng thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
Nguyenvanhieu1995
Nguyenvanhieu1995
p n: B
Cu 13: Cho 39,2 gam hn hp M gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3, CuO v Cu (trong oxi
chim 18,367% v khi lng) tc dng va vi 850 ml dung dch HNO3 nng a mol/l, thu
c 0,2 mol NO (sn phm kh duy nht ca N+5). Gi tr ca a l
A. 2,0.
B. 1,5.
C. 3,0.
D. 1,0.
nO = 0,45 mol
O + 2e --> O2NO3- + 3e --> NO
=> ne nhn = 0,9 + 0,6 = 1,5 mol => nNO3- trong mui = 1,5 mol
Bo ton N => nHNO3 = 1,5 + 0,2 = 1,7 mol => a = 2M
p n: A
Cu 14: Mt mu nc cng cha cc ion: Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, SO42-. Cht c dng lm
mm mu nc cng trn l
A. NaHCO3.
B. BaCl2.
C. Na3PO4.
D. H2SO4.
Cu 15: Ha tan ht 8,56 gam hn hp X gm Fe3O4 v CuO trong 400 ml dung dch HNO3
1M, kt thc cc phn ng thu c dung dch Y v 0,01 mol NO (sn phm kh duy nht).
in phn dung dch Y (in cc tr, khng mng ngn, hiu sut 100%) vi cng dng
in khng i 5A, trong 1 gi 20 pht 25 giy. Khi lng catot tng ln v tng th tch kh
thot ra (ktc) hai in cc khi kt thc in phn ln lt l
A. 1,28 gam v 2,744 lt.
B. 2,40 gam v 1,848 lt.
C. 1,28 gam v 1,400 lt.
D. 2,40 gam v 1,400 lt.
Ta c: ne nhn = 0,03 mol => nFe3O4 = 0,03 mol => nCuO = 0,02 mol
Bo ton N => nNO3- trong mui = 0,4 0,01 = 0,39 mol
Bo ton in tch trong Y => nH+ = 0,39 (0,09*3 + 0,02*2) = 0,08 mol
Ta c: ne = 0,25 mol
Fe3+ + e --> Fe2+
0,09---0,09
Cu2+ + 2e --> Cu
0,02---0,04
H+ + e --> 1/2H2
0,08---0,08
Fe2+ + 2e --> Fe
------0,04----0,02
=> m(-) tng = 0,02(64 + 56) = 2,4 gam
H2O 2e --> 1/2O2 + 2H+
=> nkh thot ra 2 cc = 0,0625 + 0,04 => V = 2,296 lt
Khng c p n:
Cu 16: S thuc th ti thiu cn dng phn bit 3 cht kh ng ring bit trong 3 l mt
nhn: HCHO, CH3CHO, CH3OCH3 l
A. 4.
Nguyenvanhieu1995
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
Cu 17: Cho cc chuyn ha sau:
X + H2O --> X1 + X2
X1 + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH --> X3 + 3NH3 + 2Ag + H2O
X2 + 2[Ag(NH3)2]OH --> X3 + 3NH3 + 2Ag + H2O
X3 + HCl axit gluconic + NH4Cl
Cht X l
A. xenluloz.
B. mantoz.
C. tinh bt.
D. saccaroz.
Cu 18: Dn lung kh CO i qua hn hp gm CuO, Fe2O3, Al2O3 v ZnO un nng, sau mt
thi gian thu c cht rn X v hn hp kh Y. Cho Y li chm qua bnh ng dung dch
Ba(OH)2 d, kt thc phn ng thu c 49,25 gam kt ta. Cho ton b X phn ng vi lng
d dung dch H2SO4 c nng, kt thc cc phn ng thu c V lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh
duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 4,48
B. 3,36.
C. 6,72.
D. 5,60.
Nhn xt:
nO = 0,25 mol => nSO2 = 0,25 => V = 5,6 lt
Cu 19: t chy hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp M gm anehit X v este Y, cn dng va
0,155 mol O2, thu c 0,13 mol CO2v 2,34 gam H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,1 mol M phn ng vi
lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, kt thc cc phn ng thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc
cu to thu gn ca X, Y ln lt l
A. CH3CHO v HCOOCH3.
B. CH
3
CHO v HCOOC2H5.
C. HCHO v CH3COOCH3.
D. CH3CHO v CH3COOCH3.
nCO2 = nH2O = 0,13 mol => X, Y u no, n chc
Bo ton O: nO = 0,39 0,31 = 0,08 mol => x + y = 0,05 v x + 2y = 0,08 => x = 0,02 ; y = 0,03
=> 2n + 3m = 13 => n = 2 ; m = 3
0,1 mol M --> 0,2 mol Ag => X, Y c CTCT l: CH3CHO v HCOOC2H5
p n: B
Cu 20: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) cn dng va 0,6 mol O2,
sinh ra 0,4 mol CO2. S ng phn cu to ca X l
A. 4.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 6.
C = 4 => X: C4HyOz => y 10
C4HyOz + (4 + y/4 z/2)O2 4CO2 + y/2H2O
=> 4 + y/4 z/2 = 6 => y = 2z + 8 => z = 1 ; y = 10 => X: C4H10O => 7 ng phn
Nguyenvanhieu1995
p n: B
Cu 21: Cho dy cc cht: vinyl clorua, anlyl clorua, phenyl clorua, phenol, etilen, ancol benzylic.
S cht trong dy khng tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long, un nng l
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
Cu 22: Hn hp X gm ankin Y v H2 c t khi so vi H2 l 6,7. Dn X i qua bt Ni nung nng
cho n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp Z c t khi so vi H2 l 16,75.
Cng thc phn t ca Y l
A. C4H6.
B. C5H8.
C. C3H4.
D. C2H2.
Xt 1 mol X => mX = 13,4 gam => nY = 0,4 mol
=> nH2 p = 0,6 mol => nY = 0,3 mol => 0,3R + 0,7*2 = 13,4 => R = 40 (C3H4)
p n: C
Cu 23: Ha tan ht m gam Al2(SO4)3 vo H2O thu c 300 ml dung dch X. Cho 150 ml dung
dch X tc dng vi dung dch cha 0,3 mol NaOH, kt thc cc phn ng thu c 2a gam kt
ta. Mt khc, cho 150 ml dung dch X cn li phn ng vi dung dch cha 0,55 mol KOH, kt
thc cc phn ng sinh ra a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m v a ln lt l
A. 51,30 v 3,9.
B. 51,30 v 7,8.
C. 25,65 v 3,9.
D. 102,60 v 3,9.
Al3+ + 3OH- Al(OH)3
Al(OH)3 + OH- [Al(OH)4]T thi ta nhn xt: TN1 ta dng lng OH- t => Al3+ d => 2a = 7,8 gam
=> 3x + (x 0,05) = 0,15 => x = 0,05 => nAl3+ = 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,15 mol => m = 51,3 gam
p n: A
Cu 24: Cho phng trnh ha hc:
M + HNO3 M(NO3)n + NxOy + H2O
Sau khi cn bng phng trnh ha hc trn vi h s cc cht l nhng s nguyn t gin th
h s ca HNO3 l
A. 5nx - 2ny.
B. 5nx - 2y.
C. 6nx - 2ny.
D. 6nx - 2y.
M ne --> Mn+
xNO3- + (5x 2y) --> NxOy
(5x 2y)M + (6nx 2ny)HNO3 (5x 2y)M(NO3)n + nNxOy + (3nx ny)H2O
p n: C
Cu 25: Dung dch X cha: 0,03 mol K+; 0,02 mol Ba2+ v x mol OH-. Dung dch Y cha: y mol
H+; 0,02 mol NO3- v z mol Cl-. Trn X vi Y thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH = 13. Gi tr ca z
l.
A. 0,02.
B. 0,03.
Nguyenvanhieu1995
C. 0,08.
D. 0,05.
nOH- = 0,03 + 0,04 = 0,07 mol
nH+ = y (mol)
H+ + OH- H2O
pH = 13 => pOH = 1 => nOH- d = 0,02 mol
=> y = 0,05 mol => z = 0,05 0,02 = 0,03 mol
p n: B
Cu 26: C 500 ml dung dch X cha cc ion: K+, HCO3-, Cl- v Ba2+. Ly 100 ml dung dch X
phn ng vi dung dch NaOH d, kt thc cc phn ng thu c 19,7 gam kt ta. Ly 100
ml dung dch X tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c
29,55 gam kt ta. Cho 200 ml dung dch X phn ng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3, kt thc
phn ng thu c 28,7 gam kt ta. Mt khc, nu un si n cn 50 ml dung dch X th khi
lng cht rn khan thu c l
A. 23,700 gam.
B. 14,175 gam.
C. 11,850 gam.
D. 10,062 gam.
HCO3- + OH- --> CO32- + H2O
Ba2+ + CO32- --> BaCO3
Tc dng NaOH => 0,1 mol BaCO3 ; tc dng Ba(OH)2 => 0,15 mol
=> nBa2+ = 0,1 mol => nHCO3- = 0,15 mol
nAgCl = 0,2 mol => nCl- = 0,2 mol
=> 500 ml dung dch X c: K+ (0,25 mol) ; HCO3- (0,75 mol) ; Cl- (0,5 mol) ; Ba2+ (0,5mol)
=> m = 0,025*39 + 0,05*137 + 0,05*35,5 + 0,075*60/2 = 11,85 gam
p n: C
Cu 27: Hn hp M gm hai cht hu c X v Y. Cho M tc dng va vi 150 ml dung dch
NaOH 1M un nng, thu c 14,1 gam mt mui v 2,3 gam mt ancol no, mch h. Nu t
chy hon ton lng M trn th thu c 0,55 mol CO2. Cng thc ca X v Y ln lt l
A. CH2=CHCOOH v CH2=CH-COO-CH3.
B. CHC-COOH v CHC-COO-CH3.
C. CHC-COOH v CHC-COO-C2H5.
D. CH2=CHCOOH v CH2=CH-COO-C2H5.
Nhn xt: X, Y u n chc => s mol mui = 0,15 mol
=> R + 67 = 94 => R = 27 (CH2=CH)
=> nancol < 0,15 => M > 15,33 => M = 46 => Y: CH2=CH-COOC2H5
p n: D
Cu 28: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(I) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch NaClO.
(II) Sc kh H2S vo dung dch cha KMnO4 v H2SO4 long.
(III) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch Br2 trong H2O.
(IV) Cho Zn vo dung dch CrCl3.
(V) Cho FeS vo dung dch HCl.
(VI) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hay Na[Al(OH)4]).
S th nghim c phn ng oxi ha - kh xy ra l
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 2.
Nguyenvanhieu1995
D. 3.
(1) CO2 + NaClO + H2O HClO + NaHCO3
(2) 5H2S + 2KMnO4 + 3H2SO4 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 5S + 8H2O
(3) SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4
(4) Zn + 2CrCl3 ZnCl2 + 2CrCl2
(5) FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S
(6) CO2 + [Al(OH)4]- Al(OH)3 + HCO3p n: D
Cu 29: Cho 2,16 gam axit cacboxylic n chc X tc dng hon ton vi dung dch cha 0,02
mol KOH v 0,03 mol NaOH. C cn dung dch thu c sau khi phn ng kt thc cn li 3,94
gam cht rn khan. Cng thc ca X l
A. CH3-CH2-COOH. B. CH2=CH-COOH. C. CHC-COOH. D. CH3-COOH.
nH2O = (2,16 + 0,02*56 + 0,03*40 3,94)/18 = 0,03
=> nX = 0,03 => M = 72 => X: CH2=CH-COOH
p n: B
Cu 30: Cho dy cc cht: CH3OH,C2H5OH,CH3CHO, C2H2, C2H4, C4H10,CH3COOCH3. S cht
trong dy m bng mt phn ng trc tip to ra axit axetic l
A. 4.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 3.
Cu 31.
nH3PO4=0,15.2+9,8.20098.100=0,5
nOH=0,75 to OHPO4=32 to {NaH2PO4=xNa2HPO4=y{x+2y=0,75x+y=0,5 x=y
=0,25 mNaH2PO4=30g mNa2HPO4=35,5gB
Cu 32. nNaOH=0,15mol
D thy ch c este dng RCOOC6H4R tha mn vi MX=136 R+R=16 4 em
Cu 34.Da vo p n, ta ly s nguyn t trung bnh ca C, H ln lt ch c th bng 3 v 7
D
Cu 35.Tng p sut, CB chuyn dch chiu nghch
Cu 36.
(1)SiF4+H2O
(2)O2
(3) N2
(4)H2
(5)Si
(6)Cl2
(7)S
6 C
Nguyenvanhieu1995
Cu 38.
A.
B.AgCl
C.S
D.BaSO4
:burn_joss_stick:
Nguyenvanhieu1995
Nguyenvanhieu1995
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p n: A
Cu 50: Cho m gam bt Fe vo 50 ml dung dch Cu(NO3)2 1M, sau phn ng thu c dung
dch X v 4,88 gam cht rn Y. Cho 4,55 gam bt Zn vo dung dch X, kt thc phn ng thu
c 4,1 gam cht rn Z v dung dch cha mt mui duy nht. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,48. B. 2,80. C. 5,60. D. 8,40.
Cho (m + 4,55) gam hh (Fe v Zn) vo 0,05 mol Cu2+ thu c (4,88 + 4,1) gam rn v dung
dch ch cha Zn2+.
Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu
=> 0,05(65 64) = m 4,43 => m = 4,48
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