2.3.1. Thc trng 3PL ti Vit Nam.

Chui cung ng theo chn cc nh u t nc ngoi vo Vit Nam trong qu trnh hi nhp. Thi gian gn y, Logisctic v SCM Vit nam c s pht trin c v s lng v cht lng ng c ghi nhn. Theo Hip hi giao nhn kho vn Vit Nam (VIFFAS) c khong hn 1200 doanh nghip hot ng trong lnh vc logistics v con s ny vn ang tng ln. Xt v mc pht trin c th chia logistics Vit Nam thnh cc cp sau : Cp 1 : Cc i l giao nhn vn ti truyn thng cc i l giao nhn ch thun tu cung cp cc dch v do khch hng yu cu . Cc dch v thng thng l : vn chuyn hng ho bng ng b. Cp 2 : Cc i l giao nhn ng vai tr l ngi gom hng v cp vn n nh ( Freight forwarding) . Nguyn tc hot ng ca cc doanh nghip cp ny l phi c i l ti cc cng ln thc hi vic ng rt hng xut nhp khu . Hin nay c khong 10% cc t hc giao nhn ti Vit Nam c kh nng cung cp dch v gom hng ti CFS ca chnh h hoc i thu ca nh thu. Nhng ngi ny s dng HBL nh vn n ca hng tu song ch c mt s t mua bo him trch nhim giao nhn vn ti . Cp 3 : i l giao nhn ng vai tr l nh vn ti a phng thc ( Multimodal Transport Orgnization). Vi vai tr ny, mt s cng ty phi hp vi cng ty nc ngoi ti cc cng d hng bng hp ng ph t ng thu xp vn ti hng ho ti im cui cng theo vn n. Tnh n nay c hn 50% cc i l giao nhn ti Vitnam hot ng nh MTO vi mng li i l m rng trn khp th gii. Cp 4 : i l giao nhn l cc nh cung cp dch v Logistics v Chui cung ng. y l kt qu tt yu ca qu trnh hi nhp. Mt s tp on ni ting trong lnh vc Logistics v SC trn th gii t i din Vitnam nh APL Logistics, Maersk Logistics, NYK Logistics, Kuehn & Nagel, Schenker, Expeditor

, UTI, UPSti Vit Nam cng hnh thnh nn mt s lin doanh hot ng trong lnh vc ny nh : First Logisctics Co, Bin ng Logistics... Ngy cng nhiu doanh nghip i tn l Logistics song hot ng li cha p ng c yu cu ca Logistics. Qua nghin cu nhn thy phn ln cc doanh ngip kinh doanh dch v Logistics ti Vit Nam cn manh mn , tn mn , nh l, hot ng chia ct ch p ng c mt s cng on trong logistics (ch yu cp 2). Mt vi cng ty nh nc tng i ln nh Viconship, Vintrans, Vietrans.. song vn cha nng lc tham gia vo hot ng Logistics ton cu (cc cng ty ny ch yu lm agent cho cc cng ty vn ti v Logistics nc ngoi). Theo Vin Nghin Cu Logistics Nht Bn, Cc doanh nghip Logistic Vit nam ch p ng c 25% nhu cu th trng ca Logistics trong nc. Gi c dch v Logistics ti Vit Nam so vi mt s nc trong khu vc l tng i r song cht lng dch v cha cao v cha bn vng. Theo nh gi ca VIFFAS trnh cng ngh ca Logistics ti Vit Nam cn yu km so vi th gii v cc nc trong khu vc. C th l trong cng ngh vn ti a phng thc vn cha kt hp c mt cch hiu qu cc phng tin vn chuyn, cha t chc tt cc im chuyn ti, trnh c gii ho trong bc xp cn km, trnh lao ng thp, c s h tng thiu v yu, cng ngh thng tin lc hu xa so vi yu cu ca logistics. Cc doanh nghip Vit Nam cn nh yu song tnh lin kt to ra sc mnh cnh tranh li cn rt km. Nhn thc ca cc doanh nhn hot ng trong lnh vc ny thng dng mc kinh nghim bn thn , hiu bit v lut php quc t, ti chnh , chuyn nghnh cn thp dn n t l b pht hp ng cn cao , lng ph trong ti chnh v hot ng khai thc. Hn na cc cng ty Logistics Vit nam ch yu l lm thu cho cc tp on Logistics trn th gii, nn ngun thu ch yu chy vo ti ca cc tp on ny.