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HCM
PHNG PHAP THIET KE LAP AT IEN
Mot trang b ien bat au co i song cua no khong phai t luc c lap at xong va c a vao van hanh khai thac, no co i song phoi thai ngay t giai oan thiet ke. e hnh thanh mot trang b ien, phai gom co cac pha nh sau: Thiet ke s bo (thiet ke c s). Thiet ke chi tiet (thiet ke ky thuat thi cong). Lap at, nghiem thu. Khai thac s dung.

Theo triet ly thiet ke hien ai, muon cho mot thiet ke co kha nang toi u hoa cua no, phai at van e tm giai phap cho cong trnh cang sm cang tot, ngha la phai tm giai phap sm, ngay t pha au tien, tc la khi thc hien Thiet ke s bo. e cho thiet ke s bo cho mot trang b ien co the a ra c mot giai phap toi u ngay t ban au, ngi ta phai lam mot cong viec goi la la chon CAU TRUC PHAN PHOI hay con goi la THIET KE CAU TRUC (Architect Design). Trong giai oan nay, ngi ta se ve ra mot s o n tuyen phac thao, ch can hnh thai, khong can so lieu. S o phac thao nay gom co: - Phan phoi nguon chnh Trung/Ha the. - Phan phoi ha the. - Cac phan phoi au cuoi (phan phoi mach tai cuoi). Sau day la mot s o n tuyen phac thao:

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A. QUY TRNH T THIET KE CAU TRUC EN THIET KE C S:
Theo nh ngha, Cau truc cua mot he thong phan phoi ien trong mot cong trnh la: tat ca cac s o n tuyen va cac giai phap ky thuat cua no, t mang nguon cap ien cho ti tat ca cac mach phu tai. Sau ay la mot quy trnh e thiet ke nen cau truc cho mot mang phan phoi cu the:

I.Cac ac iem cua trang b ien:

Trc khi thc hien bc 1, ngi ta phai xac nh cac ac iem cua trang b ien, bao gom:

a- Lnh vc hoat ong:

Cac cong trnh cong nghiep: cong nghiep che tao, cong nghiep thc pham thc uong, cong trnh hau can kho bai,.. Cac cong trnh dan dung: Toa nha van phong, Khu thng mai sieu th, Nha chung c,. b- a hnh a iem: nha mot tang, nha nhieu tang, khu nhieu nha, nha cao tang,.. c- V o mat bang: nhng tnh nang anh hng en gii han mat bang cho cac thiet b ien trong toa nha: Tnh my thuat; Kha nang tiep an; Co nhng v tr danh rieng; Dung hanh lang ky thuat (cho moi tang); Dung ong ky thuat (theo chieu doc). V o thap: phai che dau tat ca cac thiet b ien.

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V o trung bnh: phai che dau mot phan cac thiet b ien. V o cao: khong khat khe, v tr cac thiet b ien bo tr theo toi u cho ien.

d- o tin cay cap ien: kha nang cua he thong cap ien ap ng c chc nang cap ien vi
ieu kien xac nh trong thi han xac nh o tin cay toi thieu: co the xay ra rui ro mat ien do han che a ly (mang rieng, cach xa trung tam,..), ky thuat (cap treo, khong co mach vong), hay kinh te (khong u bao dng, phat ien di nh mc,..). o tin cay chuan. o tin cay tang cng: nhng bien phap ac biet e giam sac xuat mat ien (cap ngam, thiet lap mach vong,).

e- Kha nang bao dng: nhng tnh nang lam han che s anh hng cua cong tac bao dng
len van hanh cua he thong

* Kha nang bao dng thap: he thong phai ngng chay khi can lam bao dng.
* Kha nang bao dng chuan: co the thc hien viec bao dng khong anh hng en van hanh neu co chuan b san. V du : dung vai MBA co may d phong, tai an hai nguon. * Kha nang bao dng cao: cho phep thc hien bao dng moi luc, khong anh hng van hanh. V du: dung cau hnh cap ien hai au.

f- o linh hoat cua trang b: kha nang de di chuyen thiet b s dung ien, de cho them iem
cap ien trong he thong phan phoi.

* Khong co o linh hoat: v tr cua cac tai phai co nh, khong thay oi c, do nhng han che ket
cau cua toa nha.

* Linh hoat trong thiet ke: so iem cap ien, cong suat va v tr cua tai khong biet trc. * Linh hoat trong lap at: tai co the lap at sau khi trang b a c nghiem thu. * Linh hoat trong van hanh: v tr cua tai co the se thay oi, do to chc lai quy trnh cong nghe.
V du: - Trong cong trnh cong nghiep: m rong, phan tach, chuyen oi cong nang, - Trong nha van phong: phan tach.

g- Nhu cau ien nang: tong cong suat bieu kien cua phu tai, co tnh vi he so s dung, co
tnh ca kha nang qua tai ngan han. Nhng dai cong suat lien quan en gii han cong suat cua MBA:

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< 630kVA. T 630 en 1250 kVA. T 1250 en 2500 kVA. > 2500 kVA.

h- Phan bo phu tai: tnh thuan nhat cua phan bo phu tai (kVA /m2) tren khap dien tch cong
trnh. * Phan bo thuan nhat: mat o phu tai eu, v du: chieu sang, tram lam viec ca nhan, * Phan bo trung gian: cac phu tai co cong suat trung bnh, at thanh nhom trai eu mat bang toa nha. V du: day chuyen san xuat, bang tai, tram lam viec, * Phan bo nh v: mat o tai khong eu, mot vai tai co cong suat cao c nh v tai vai iem cua cong trnh. V du: may HKK tap trung,

i- Tnh nhay cam vi gian oan ien nang: kha nang chap nhan gian oan ien nang
cua tai. * Tai c phep sa thai: co the cat nguon bat ky luc nao va trong thi han bao lau cung c. * Chap nhan gian oan dai: cho phep mat nguon trong thi han > 3 phut. * Chap nhan gian oan ngan: cho phep mat nguon trong thi han < 3 phut. *Khong chap nhan mat nguon. Ngi ta co the phan loai cac mc o khac nhau theo mc hau qua nang ne cua s gian oan ien nang: V du: - May nc nong trong nha ve sinh mat ien bao lau cung c. - May si, thong gio, HKK, co the mat ien trong mot thi gian, co the gay kho chu cho dan c trong tao nha, nhng khong gay thiet hai tai chnh. - Tu lanh thc pham, thang may, mat ien lau se gay thiet hai. - Bo phan IT, an ninh bao chay ,. Khong c phep mat ien. Khong co hau qua ang ke. Thiet hai san xuat. Pha hong phng tien san xuat, hay mat d lieu nhay cam. Gay nguy hiem chet ngi.

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j- Tnh nhay cam vi nhieu: neu b anh hng bi nhieu se van hanh sai. k- Kha nang gay nhieu: la nguon gay ra nhieu cho cac thiet b khac.

II. Bc 1: La chon C s Cau truc (architect fundamentals) :

Can phai xac nh: d- Ket noi vao mang ien lc. e- Cau hnh mach trung the. fSo may bien ap.

g- So lng va phan bo cac tram bien ap. h- May phat ien .

1. Ket noi vi mang ien lc:

Co 4 cach e ket noi vi mang li trung the ien lc: a- Ket noi n tuyen hay re nhanh trc tiep. b- Ket noi mach vong chnh. c- Ket noi mach nguon kep. d- Ket noi mach nguon kep vi thanh cai kep

Ngi thiet ke phai xem xet cac ac tnh cua trang b ien e la chon cach ket nao cho phu hp. Sau ay la bang ch dan

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ac tnh phai xem xet

Cau hnh ket noi Ha the Trung the

n tuyen (re nhanh trc tiep) Mach vong chnh Mach nguon kep Mach nguon kep vi thanh cai kep

Lnh vc hoat ong

Bat ky

Bat ky

Bat ky

Cong nghe cao, Van phong nhay cam, Cham soc sc khoe

Bat ky

a hnh a iem o tin cay cap ien Nhu cau ien nang Nhng han che khac

Toa nha n

Toa nha n

Toa nha n

Toa nha n

Vai toa nha

Toi thieu

Toi thieu

Chuan

Tang cng

Tang cng

< 630kVA

1250kVA

2500 kVA

> 2500 kVA

> 2500 kVA

Bat ky

a iem le loi

Vung o th mat o thap

Vung o th mat o cao

Vung o th vi han che nguon ien

2. Cau hnh mach trung the:

Co 3 cau hnh mach trung the e la chon: a- Lo vao n. b- Mach vong m 1 tram.

c- Mach vong m nhieu tram

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ac tnh phai xem xet

Cau hnh mach trung the Lo vao n Mach vong m 1 tram Mach vong m 2 tram
Vai toa nha > 25000m2 Tang cng > 2500 kVA Chap nhan gian oan ngan

a hnh a iem

Bat ky < 25000m2

Mot toa nha hay vai toa nha 25000m2 Tang cng > 1250 kVA Chap nhan gian oan ngan

Kha nang bao dng Nhu cau ien nang Nhay cam vi gian oan ien nang

Toi thieu hay chuan Bat ky Chap nhan gian oan dai

3. So tram bien the can thiet: ac tnh can xem xet Cau hnh 1 tram voi n MBA n tram vi n MBA (cac tram giong nhau)
Cau hnh toa nha < 25000m2 25000m2 1 toa nha vi vai tang Nhu cau ien nang Phan bo tai < 2500 kVA Tai nh v 2500 kVA Tai thuan nhat

n tram vi m MBA (cong suat khac nhau)

25000m2 Vai toa nha 2500 kVA Tai trung gian

II. Bc 2: La chon Cau truc Chi tiet (architect details) :

Can phai xac nh: - Mat bang. - Phan phoi tap trung hay phan bo. - Can thiet may phat ien d phong. - Can thiet UPS. - Cau hnh cac mach ha the. Nhng ket hp cau truc.

1.Mat bang:
Ngi thiet ke co the chon mat bang theo cac hng dan sau: at cac nguon ien cang gan cang tot vi trung tam phu tai. Giam nhng han che kh quyen: xay dng cac nha rieng cho tram bien ap, neu ieu kien nha xng qua khat khe (nhiet o, rung ong, bui ban,v.v). at nhng thiet b nang (MBA, may phat ien,v.v..) gan tng bien hay mang hien hu, e de bao dng.

2. Phan phoi tap trung hay phan bo:

* Phan phoi tap trung: cac phu tai noi vi nguon ien theo kieu hnh sao. Cap ien thch hp vi bo tr tap trung, noi t iem en em t tu ien chnh en cac tu phan phoi, roi t tu phan phoi en cac thiet b. Phan phoi tap trung co nhc iem la khong co o linh ong trong lap at, nhng co u iem la phu hp vi cac tai ln nh v. He thong phan phoi tap trung vi cau hnh toa tia co o kha dung cap ien cao cho tai. * Phan phoi phan bo: cac phu tai c noi vi nguon qua mot busway. He thong hop thanh dan phu hp vi bo tr phan bo, en cac v tr phu tai phan tan, de thay oi, di chuyen va ket noi. Phan phoi phan bo co u eim la linh ong trong lap at, va phu hp vi phan bo tai thuan nhat gom nhieu tai nho. He thong phan phoi phan bo vi cau hnh re nhanh co o kha dung cap ien thap hn, do do mot tr ngai cua mot tai nho co the gay ra mat ien cho tat ca cac tai cung day.

3. Can thiet MP d phong:

Viec xem xet can phai co may phat ien d phong hay khong tuy thuoc vao:

- Nhay cam cua tai oi vi gian oan ien nang. - o kha dung cua mang phan phoi cong cong. - Nhng bat buoc khac (benh vien, cao oc,). May phat ien d phong nhat thiet phai co khi co cac tai thiet yeu khong the mat ien lau dai c. MP co the d phong cho toan bo phu tai hoac ch phuc vu cho tai thiet yeu. MP d phong phai chay c che o thng trc (prime) neu co nhng trng hp mat ien keo dai, neu khong phai co hai MP chay che o thay the. Neu c s hoac toa nha ln, can phai co nhieu MP cng nh khi xet can nhieu MBA .

4. Can thiet UPS:

UPS la bo nguon ao lu , bien oi ien DC cua cac bnh accu thanh ien xoay chieu tan so cong nghiep. Thi gian d phong cua mot bo UPS co the t vai phut en vai gi, tuy vao c ln cua no. Can thiet phai co u bo oi Maynphat ien va UPS cho nhng tai phai cap ien thng trc, khong chap nhan gian oan ien nang. Thi gian d phong cua UPS phai ln hn thi gian can thiet khi ong MP va chuyen mach ATS lam viec. Vi nhng ng dung cao cap ngi ta con dung bo UPS e cap ien sach cho nhng tai nhay cam vi nhieu. Tom lai viec xem xet phai can UPS tuy thuoc vao: - Nhng tai nhay cam vi gian oan ien nang. - Nhng tai nhay cam vi nhieu.

5. Cau hnh cac mach ha the:

*Cau hnh toa tia vi lo vao n: cau hnh n gian nhat, tai noi vi mot nguon. Cau hnh nay co o kha dung ien nang thap nhat, v khong co d phong khi mat ien. * Cau hnh hai nguon: nguon ien c cap t hai MBA ket noi vao cung ng day trung the. Khi ca hai MBA ong ien, chung chay che o cap ien song song cho tai. * Cau hnh hai nguon chay thay oi vi tu ien phan oi: e tang o kha dung cap ien khi co h hong thanh cai, hay khi can phai bao dng MBA, ngi ta chia tu ien chnh ra lam hai phan, vi mot ket noi thanh

cai thng m (NO). Cau hnh nay thng oi hoi phai co Bo chuyen nguon t ong (ATS). * Cau hnh sa thai phu tai: cac phu tai co the sa thai (cat nguon khong ieu kien) c noi vao mot t rieng. Tu nay bnh thng uc noi vao tu ien chnh, va co the b ngat t ong ra khoi tu chnh khi trng hp kho khan (qua tai, ang chay MP,). * Cau hnh noi lien ket tu ien chnh: neu hai MBA cach xa nhau, co the dung mot busway (hop thanh dan) e noi hai tu ien chnh vi nhau. Mot tai quan trong c cap ien theo cau hnh hai nguon chay thay oi, nh vao busway nay. o kha dung ien nang gia tang v tai quan trong khong bao gi b mat nguon. Co the ket hp cau hnh sa thai phu tai e viec cap nguon d phong cho tai au xa theo che o toan bo hoac mot phan. * Cau hnh mach vong: la m rong cua cau hnh noi lien ket tu ien chnh. Bon MBA c au noi t cung mot ng day trung the, cap nguon cho mot mach vong lam bang hop thanh dan (busway). Moi tai co the c cap ien t mot trong nhieu nguon hay nhieu nguon mot luc. Cau hnh nay thch hp cho lap at m rong, vi mat o tai cao. Neu tat ca phu tai co the cungt cap bi ba nguon, ta co d phong toan bo trong trng hp hong mot MBA. Neu khong u cong suat, ngi ta ha cap van hanh (downgrading operation) bang cach sa thai cac phu tai khong thiet yeu. Cau hnh nay oi hoi thiet ke ac biet ve bao ve, e chac chan tnh phan biet trong moi trng hp s co. * Cau hnh cap nguon hai au: Cau hnh nay c lap a khi oi hoi o kha dung ien nang toi a. Nguyen tac la phai co hai nguon ien oc lap, v du: Hai MBA co ng day TT khac nhau; Mot MBA va mot MP; Mot MBA va mot UPS. Cau hnh nay can phai co bo chuyen nguon t ong (ATS). * Nhng cau hnh ket hp: mot trang b ien co the cau tao t nhieu cum nho, co cau hnh khac nhau, tuy thuoc vao yeu cau o kha dung nguon ien cua cac tai khac nhau.

Sau ay la bang hng dan lc chon cau hnh phan phoi ha the: Cac ac tnh xem xet a hnh a iem V o mat bang Kha nang bao dng Nhu cau ien nang Phan bo phu tai nh v nh v nh v Trung gian hay thuan nhat o nhay vi gian oan ien nang o nhay vi nhieu Cac bat buoc khac / / / / / Cap nguon hai au Thap Cao Thap Cao Cao Cao Chap nhan gian oan dai Chap nhan gian oan dai Sa thai phu tai Chap nhan gian oan dai Chap nhan gian oan dai Khong hoac Gian oan ngan Thuan nhat nh v < 2500kVA Bat ky Bat ky 1250kVA >2500kVA Bat ky Toi thieu Chuan Toi thieu Bat ky Bat ky Bat ky Cau hnh mach pp ha the Toa tia vi lo vao n Bat ky Bat ky Hai nguon Sa thai phu tai Bat ky Noi lien ket tu ien en 25000m2 Trung bnh hay cao Chuan en 25000m2 Trung bnh hay cao Chuan Nang cao Bat ky Mach vong Cap nguon hai au Bat ky

IV- Bc 3 - La chon thiet b:

Sau bc 2, ta a co mot s o n day phac thao vi cac hnh thai ay u, mac du cha co so lieu g ca. Trc khi i vao tnh toan ta can phai xem xet viec la chon thiet b vat lieu cho toan bo trang b ien, ngha la phai chon tieu chuan va/ hoac chon nhan hieu cho chung. Cac thiet b vat lieu chnh bao gom: Tram trung/ha the. Tu bang trung the. MBA trung/ha the.

Tu bang ha the. Hop thanh dan (busbar trunking). Day cap ien. Thiet b cho cai thien hscs va loc song hai. May phat ien. Bo UPS.

Cac tieu ch e lc chon: ieu kien kh quyen, moi trng. Co the mua c tren th trng a phng. Yeu cau cua ien lc a phng. Kinh nghiem t thiet ke trc.

Sau khi lc chon thiet b, ngi thiet ke co the co ngay cac catalogue cua cac thiet b vat lieu chnh do cac hang cung cap, se la nhng tai liueu hu ch cho cac c6ng viec thiet ke tiep theo. Khi chon cac kh cu, thiet b hp chuan, ngi thiet ke co the ch can tham khao tieu chuan lien quan ma khong can en cac tham so d lieu cua hang cho kh cu thiet b o. V du CB theo tieu chuan IEC 60898, IEC 60947-2; cau ch theo tieu chuan IEC 60269,v.v Khi o tai lieu thiet ke se co gia tr hn do tnh khach quan cua no c nang cao, do khong neu ra ch nh hang san xuat ma ch neu ra tieu chuan c ch nh. Ngay sau khi a co s o cau truc chi tiet, la chon thiet b, ngi thiet ke con phai tnh s bo tong cong suat yeu cau cua toan bo trang b ien (bang cach dung cac suat phu tai yeu cau cho tng loai cong trnh, theo cac tieu chuan hien hanh) va phai c lng kinh ph cho cong trnh o (theo cach tnh suat au t cho tng loai cong trnh, theo cac thong t hng dan va gia ca hien hanh,). Viet them mot thuyet minh thiet ke s bo, ngi thiet ke se cho ra mot giai phap ky thuat cho trang b ien cua cong trnh, co the em ra anh gia tai hoi ong cua to chc thiet ke hay cua chu au t e lay cac y kien tham khao va viet ra giai phap cuoi cung cua he thong ien. Vay la thiet ke s bo (thiet ke c s) a hoan tat, co the kep vao ho s thiet ke c s cua ca d an, e cap tren i xin giay phep xay dng cho cong trnh. Ho s thiet ke c s phan ien cua mot cong trnh gom co: - Thuyet minh thiet ke c s. - Bang khai toan tong kinh ph. - Cac ban ve:

* Ban ve tong mat bang cong trnh. * Mat bang lap at chieu sang ien hnh (cua mot can ho, phan xng, hay mot phan cua cong trnh). * Mat bang chieu sang ngoai trui. * Mat bang bo tr cac t/b ong lc (HKK, cap nhiet, thang may, may bm,v.v). * Mat bang bo tr tram bien ap va nha at may phat ien. * S o n tuyen tong the. * S o noi at. * Ban ve chong set.

B. QUY TRNH THIET KE KY THUAT: I. Thiet ke chieu sang:

Can phai thiet ke chieu sang cho tat ca cac mat bang cua cong trng , ke ca chieu sang trong nha, chieu sang ngoai tri, chieu sang s co,v.v, trc khi co the hoan tat c thiet ke ky thuat thi cong. * S dung cac tieu chuan thiet ke e tham khao: Cach bo tr chieu sang cho loai cong trnh. Chon loai en va cong suat en. Xac nh o roi can thiet chi tng v tr tren mat bang, theo muc ch s dung.

* S dung cac catalogue en e xac nh them cac thong so cho cong viec tnh toan chieu sang. * Bat au tnh toan chieu sang cho tng v tr tren tong mat bang cua cong trnh, xac nh loai en, kieu choa, phng thc chieu sang, o cao at en, he so s dung, he so bao quan, dien tch can chieu sang, roi tnh ra so en can thiet cho tng v tr cua cong trnh. Xac nh so lng va v tr cac cong tac, cau dao ieu khien en, theo nguyen tac thuan tien cho ngi s dung va cac nguyentac an toan khac. * Phan chia mach en, bo tr ng i ve tu phan phoi nao cho mach en nao. Xac nh c o dai cap ien cua mach en. Chon loai day cho mach en. * Tnh toan cong suat cua tng mach en. Tnh cach i day, c day, tnh dung lng cua CB bao ve mach en tai tu phan phoi lien quan. * Kiem tra sut ap tai cuoi moi mach en xem co at chuan khong.

* Kiem va ieu kien ngan mach tai cuoi moi mach en xem thiet b bao ve co ngat mach hieu qua, va day dan co chu noi ng suat nhiet khong. Chu y: khi thiet ke chieu sang can tham khao them cac tieu chuan lien quan en loai cong trnh e hieu cac quy nh ve chieu sang cho loai cong trnh o.

II. Tnh toan day dan va s o bao ve cho cac mach cuoi:
* Ve ra ban ve bo tr cac thiet b ien tren tat ca cac mat bang cua cong trnh. Xac nh thiet b nao c cap ien t tu phan phoi nao, o c o dai cap ien cho no. Lap bang thong ke thiet b gom ca cong suat thiet b, o dai cap ien, phng phap i day, loai day dan ien, he so cong suat cua tng thiet b. Chu y, moi mach en a tnh toan bc tren c xem nh mot mach cuoi a tnh toan xong, c a ay u vao bang thong ke thiet b ien. * Tnh dong ien yeu cau, tnh toan c day, dung lng kh cu bao ve, kiem tra sut ap, kiem tra ieu kien ngan mach toi thieu, cho tng mach cuoi cap ien. Trong khi tnh toan nh phai ap dung he so s dung.

III- Tnh toan cho tu phan phoi:

* Lap bang exel tnh gop t tat ca cac mach cuoi cua moi tu phan phoi, vi he so ong thi, e tnh c dong ien yeu cau , hay cong suat bieu kien yeu cau cho moi tu. Khi tnh toan nh phai ap dung he so ong thi. Xac nh dung lng CB tong cua tu. * Xac nh phng thc i day cap cap ien t moi tu phan phoi ve tu pp cap tren hay tu ien chnh. Chon loai day dan cho cap cap ien nay, tnh toan c day yeu cau. * Kiem tra ieu kien sut ap, ngan mach toi thieu, cho mach cap ien nay.

IV- Tnh toan cho tu ien chnh:

Lam nhng viec nh trong bc b- i ve tu ien phan phoi cap tren hay tu ien chnh, ta tnh c dong ien hay cong suat bieu kien yeu cau, c day cap va dung lng kh cu bao ve. Cung tnh toan cac phan kiem tra sut ap va ngan mach toi thieu. Cap ien cap ien cho tu ien chnh chnh la cap nguon chnh, i t MBA en tu ien chnh.

V- Nhng phep tnh khac cho he thong:

* Tnh toan cai thien he so cong suat: - Tnh tu tu bu. - Tnh bu nhom hay bu rieng cho mhom thiet b co hscs thap hay cho ong c cong suat ln. * Xac nh ty so song hai: neu ty le song hai cao: - Kiem tra lai thiet ke cua tu tu bu.

Tai lieu lop thiet ke dien tai Tp.HCM

- Tnh toan day trung tnh nguon chnh, va day trung tnh cho tu phan phoi co nhieu thiet b gay song hai. * Kiem tra tiet dien cac day bao ve trong toan he thong va cap dan at chnh ve Tu ien chnh. * Tnh toan ngan mach 3 pha tren toan he thong: chon nh mc dong cat cho tat ca CB tren s o phan phoi. * Tnh toan he ien cc dat cua noi at bao ve: - Tnh toan so coc, kch thc coc, thanh ngang, tnh toan ien tr tan cua he ien cc at (phai biet ien tr suat cua at tai a iem xay dng, bang cach tham khao so lieu a chat hay t o kiem tra tai hien trng). * Tnh toan cho RCD: kiem tra dong d noi tai tren tng tu ien phan phoi, va tong gop ve tu ien tong, co the tnh ca vi cac he so ong thi. Xac nh kh cu RCD cho cac tu ien. * Tnh toan chong set: - Tnh toan e trang b SPD cho cac tu ien. - Tnh toan he thong thu set gom ca tnh toan he ien cc at cho he thong thu set. CHU Y: 1- Neu sau nay moi phat trien phu tai lap them, eu i t Tu ien chnh, dung lng dong va c cap nguon chnh phai tnh theo cong suat cua MBA, ch khong c tnh theo tong phu tai ang s dung. 2- Cong suat MBA tnh theo tong gop tat ca cac cong suat bieu kien phu tai, bao gom cac he so s dung va he so ong thi, them d kien phan tram phat trien phu tai. 3- Trong moi bai tnh c day cho mot oan ng dan ien trong cac bc tren ay, phai tnh en tat ca cac he so hieu chnh theo nhiet o moi trng, so mach lien ke, va ca he so hieu chnh theo nhiet tr suat cua at neu la cap chon ngam. 4- Khi tnh thiet ke mot mang TN hoac IT, mi can phai kiem tra o dai mach toi a. 5- Khi tnh toan ngan mach toi thieu mi them he so sut ap 0,8 vao cong thc. 6- Can kiem tra s o bao ve vi u cac che o: lam viec bnh thng, qua tai, va ngan mach. 7- Can nh Khi kiem tra ngan mach, dong tac ong bao ve ngan mach cua CB Im bang 5 lan dong danh nh In vi CB theo chuan IEC 60898, type B, 10 lan dong danh nh In vi CB theo chuan IEC 60898, type C. Vi CB theo chuan IEC 60947-2, chon tr so Im = 10.In, hoac xem catalogue hay ac tuyen dong ien-thi gian cua CB e co tr so chnh xac.

8- Khi kiem tra qua tai mot mach ien vi ieu kien I2 1,45 Iz

, nh

rang dong tac ong

qua dong quy c I2 la dong tac ong hieu qua trong thi gian quy c cua CB ( dong nay luon nho hn 1,45 In. Do o vi CB at chuan, ieu kien tren luon at. Vi cau ch th I2 = k2.In, vi: k2 = 1,1 khi In 16A, va k2 = 1,31 khi In < 16A.

VI. Thiet lap ban ve

Mot bo ho s ban ve thiet ke ky thuat thi cong cua hang muc thiet ke cung cap ien va chieu sang cho mot cong trnh phai gom co cac ban ve: Cac ban ve mat bang chieu sang. Cac ban ve mat bang cap ien. Cac ban ve tu ien. S o n tuyen tong the. S o truc ng (hay s o tuyen thang mang cap). S o he thong noi at bao ve. S o he thong chong set. Cac ban ve chi tiet .

Bo ban ve c ong tap co trang ba va trang muc luc cac ban ve.

VII. Cac ho s khac trong bo thiet ke:

Trong bo thiet ke ky thuat thi cong con gom co mot ban Thuyet minh thiet ke, va mot bo D toan cong trnh. Sau khi c hoan tat, Thiet ke ky thuat thi cong cua hang muc cung cap ien va chieu sang co the c ong tap rieng, c ong tap chung vi cac hang muc ME khac, hoac c ong tap chung vi tat ca cac ban ve ky thuat khac, ket cau, va kien truc, neu cong trnh khong ln. Bo ho s Thiet ke se uc a i tham nh va sa cha trc khi ban giao cho chu au t./-

lop thiet ke dien tai Tp.HCM Khai giang cac lop thuong xuyen
S O LOGIC E LA CHON C DAY CAP VA KH CU BAO VE CHO MOT MACH kVA phai cung cap Dong ngan mach MVA tai au nguon

Dong tai max Ib

Dong ngan mach Isc

Dong danh nh In cua kh cu bao ve (CB hoac Cau ch)

nh mc dong cat ngan mach Ics cho CB hoac Cau ch Chon CB hoac Cau ch

ieu kien lap at (cac hs hieu chnh)

Dong tra bang Iz, Tiet dien day dan cua mach Kiem tra ng suat nhiet

Kiem tra sut ap ln nhat

IT (TN)

Kiem tra o dai Lmax TT cua mach

Xac nhan tiet dien day cap va chon la kh cu bao ve 1

Tai lieu lop thiet ke dien tai Tp.HCM