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Nu mc ch s dng ch phm enzyme pectinase trong quy trnh sn xut nc qu trong Pactimase (hay cn gi l pectinesterase) c tc dng hu hiu trong

vic lm trong dch qu hoc sn xut nc qu trong hoc lm trong dch qu trc khi ln men sn xut ru vang. S dng pectinase s a hiu qu cao bi: Lng pectinase s dng t nhng hiu qu lm trong cao v nhanh thay th cho phng php ho - l (lng lc t nhin) km hiu qu, d nhim khun v thi gian di.
Nh tc dng ca pectinase m cc qu trnh p, lm trong v lc dch qu rt d dng, do lm tng hiu sut sn phm. Chng hn a pectinase vo khu nghin qu, s lm tng hiu sut nc qu sau khi p ln ti 15 25%. Bi l khi c pectin th khi qu nghin s c trng thi keo, do khi p dch qu khng thot ra c. Nh pectinase phn gii cc cht pectin di m dch qu trong sut khng b vn c v lc rt d dng. Khng nhng vy, enzym pectinase cn gp phn chit rt c cc cht mu, tanin v nhng cht ha tan na, do lm tng thm cht lng ca thnh phm.

Cn c th s dng loi enzyme no na? Gii thch?

5.1.2.3. Nhng enzyme phn r thnh t bo (Cell-walldegradinh-enzyme) Pectinase: s xc tc trong enzyme din ra rt nhanh n ni m cc
hot ng chnh xc khng c cp h thng phn loi enzyme. Rt nhiu vi sinh vt sn xut nhng enzyme c th ph hy thnh t bo. Nhng enzyme thng mi dng trong cng nghip sn xut nc tri cy c sn xut t nhng chng Aspergillus sp chn lc. Enzyme c sn xut ra trong sut qu trnh pht trin ca nm, c lc v c c. Pectinase c xc nh hot tnh v phn loi v c bn khi hot ng phn gii pectin. (Fig 36). Pectin lyase l mt loi depolymerase pectin thuc loi endo, c i lc ln i vi nhng chui methyl ha ko di. Enzyme ny kh ca methylated 1 4 homogalacturonan to nn oligo uronide c C4, C5 cha bo ha. Pectin methylesterase (PME) g b nhm methoxyl ra khi pectin v ng thi lm gim i lc ca pectin lyase (PL) vi lp cht nn (substrate). Kt qu ny to thnh methanol v lm gim bt mc methyl ha ca pectin. Pectin methylesterase (PME) t Aspergillus sp c i lc mnh m vi

pectin c mc methyl oxylated cao nh pectin ca to v hot ng theo c ch chui nh. Demethyl ha vi PME to ra nhng nhm acid cacboxylic t do v lm cho cu trc ca pectin tr nn km bn vng hn (lng lo hn). Polygalacturonase (PG) tn ti 2 dng l: endo PG v exo PG. C 2 loi ny tc dng ln pectin vi mc este ha nh hn 50 60%. Endo PG tc ng ngu nhin ln khung xng 1 4 polygalacturonic v kt qu l gim bt nht r rng. Exo PG tc ng ln phn cui khng bin i ca chui v tch ra nhng mnh nh ca chui v lm gim nht khng ng k. 7 enzyme endo PGs, 2 enzyme exo PGs v 7 PL isoenzyme t Aspeergillus pg c m t. Arabanase l nhng pectinase tch arabino lin kt vi khung homogalacturonan, 3 enzyme c m t l: endo arabinase A( 1 5;ABFA) v 2 loi arabinofuranosidase c nh tn, exo arabinofuranosidase ( 1 2; 1 3;ABFA v exo arabinofuranosidase B ( 1 3; 1 5;ABFB. C 3 loi ny u c ly t Aspergillus niger. Enzyme c hot tnh cao c yu cu dng cho to v l. Ni chung hot tnh v t l thnh phn nhng loi pectinase c th thay i nhng vt liu thng mi khc nhau.

Hemicellulase: l nhng enzyme thy phn arabinogalacturonan, galactanxyloglucan v xylans. Arabinannases c phn loi nh pectinase khi chng tc ng ln cc nhnh arabinan ca pectin. Chng cng c phn loi nh hemicellulase khi tc ng ln arabinogalactans hoc arabinoxylans. Aspergillus sp tit ra enzyme thy phn arabino (1 4) D galactans type I v arabino (1 3), (1 6) D galactans type II. Exo - (1 3) D galactanase c th phn ct galactose v (1 6) D galactobiose. Enzyme aspergillus vng ha nhng im nhnh khung xng ( 1 3). Hot ca enzyme c tng ln khi c mt ca enzyme ABFB. Xylanase thy phn (1 4) D xylan trong s phi hp vi ABFs. Amylases: trong cng nghip sn xut nc tri cy, acid amylase v amyloglucosidase t nm c dng trong ch bin tri cy c cha tinh bt. trng hp ny c dng i vi nhng loi to cha chin ng ma thu hoch. Aspergillus niger sn xut ra amylase v amyloglucosidase (AG). Nhng enzyme ngoi sinh c dng sau khi tinh bt c h ha (>75oC). Acid endo amylase (AA) tc ng ln amylose v amylopectin to ra dextrin. Dextrin l c cht ca glucoamylase v amyloglucosidase (AG) 1 4 v 1 6 exo hydrolase.

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