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s gio dc v o to h ni

Tr- ng ThPt nguyn gia thiu


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Sng kin kinh nghim:

MT S DANG BT PHONG TRNH
CHA CN THC BC HAI THONG GP







Gio vin : Nguyn quc hon
T : Ton












H Ni, 5 / 2010

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 1




m u

Gii bt ph- ng trnh l bi ton kh vi nhiu hc sinh k c hc sinh
- c cho l kh gii; trong c bt ph- ng trnh cha cn thc bc hai - c
coi l kh hn c. Nn ti chn ti: Mt s dng bt ph-ng trnh cha
cn thc bc hai th-ng gp lm sng kin kinh nghim. Vi mc ch
mong mun ti ny s gp phn gip hc sinh hiu r hn v mng bt
ph- ng trnh cha cn thc bc hai ni ring v bt ph- ng trnh ni chung,
ng thi cng mong mun y l ti liu tham kho cho nhng ai quan tm
n mn ton.

Kin thc th hin trong sng kin kinh nghim ny hon ton trong
ch- ng trnh Ton i s lp 10 ban C bn, ban Khoa hc t nhin, ban
Khoa hc x hi v nhn vn. Ni dung sng kin kinh nghim ny c th s
dng chuyn sang phn ph- ng trnh cng - c; xong khi chuyn sang
ph- ng trnh c nhng phn s - c m rng c bi ton hay hn. Do
ng- i nghin cu c th s dng sng kin kinh nghim ny vo nhiu mc
ch gio dc khc nhau cng - c.

Ni dung sng kin kinh nghim ny gm c 9 dng ton khc nhau.











Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 2
Mt s kin thc c bn sau c trong sch gio khoa - a ra sau
y m khng nu ni dung:

1. n tp hm s bc hai v th ca n.
2. n tp nh l v du ca nh thc bc nht.
3. n tp nh l v du ca tam thc bc hai.


Sng kin kinh nghim:
Mt s dng bt ph-ng trnh cha cn thc bc hai th-ng gp


Dng 1


>

f(x) 0
f(x) < g(x)
f(x) < g(x)


>

s

s

f(x) 0
f(x) g(x)
f(x) g(x)


g(x) 0
f(x) > g(x)
f(x) > g(x)
>



>

>

>

f(x) 0
f(x) g(x)
f(x) g(x)


Bi ton. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
3x 2 2x 5x 2 + s + +
2
x
(1)
2)
2 2
2x 10x 8 x 5x 36 + + >
(2)
3)
3 2
x 8 2x 5x 14 < + (3)
Gii:
1)
2
(1)
2 2
2
x 2
x 2 x 8
x 1
x 3x 2 0
x 1 0 x 1
x 0 x 3x 2 2x 5x 2
x 2
x 8x 0
x 8
>

> s

s + >


s s s


> + s + +

>
+ >


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 3
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l

| | | |
S ( ; 8 0 ; 1 2 ; ) = + .
2)
2
(2)
2 2
2
9
5 36 0
4
2 10 8 5 36
15 44 0
x
x x
x
x x x x
x x
>

>

s

+ + >


+ + >



9
4
11
9
4
11
x
x
x
x
x
x
>

s
<

>
>

<


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
( | | ) S ; 11 9 ; = + .
3)
3 3
(3)
3 2 3 2
x 8 0 x 8
x 8 2x 5x 14 x 2x 5x 6 0
> >



< + + <




2 2
x 2 x 2
(x 1)(x x 6) 0 x x 6 0
x 2
2 x 3
2 x 3
> >



< <

>

s <

< <


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S =
| )
2 ; 3 .

Bi tp t-ng t. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
3 4 x x s
2
2 5 x x +
2)
2
2 9 13 x x + + >
2
3 2 x x +
3)
2
2 9 4 x x >
2
3 4 x x
4)
2 2
2 12 16 3 28 x x x x + + <
5)
3 2
2 1 x x >
2
2 x x
6)
3 2
x x <
2
2 x x + .

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 4
Dng 2

f(x) < g(x)
2
f (x) 0
g(x) 0
f (x) g (x)
>

>

<


f(x) s g(x)
2
f(x) 0
g(x) 0
f(x) g (x)
>

>



Bi ton. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
x 8x 7 + + 3x s 1 (1)
2) 2
2
9 8x x + + 1 < 9x (2)
3)
1
1
x
< 2 (3)
Gii:
1) +
(1)
2
x 8x 7 s 1 3x
( )
2
2
2
8 7 0
1 3 0
8 7 1 3
x x
x
x x x

+ >

>

+ s


2 2
1
x
3
x 8x 7 9x 6x 1
x 7
x 1

+ s +

>


2
1
x
3
8x 2x 6 0

+ >


1
x
3
3
x
4
x 1


>


s


x 1 s
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S =( |
; 1 .
2) +
(2)
2
2 9 8x x < 9x 1
2
2 2
9 8 0
9 1 0
4(9 8 ) (9 1)
x x
x
x x x
+ >

>

+ <


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 5
2 2
1 x 9
1
x
9
4x 32x 36 81x 18x 1
s s

>

+ + < +


2
1
x 9
9
85x 50x 35 0

< s

>


1
x 9
9
x 1
7
x
17

< s

>

<

1 9 x < s
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S = (1 ; 9].
3)

>

<

(3)
x 0
1
1 0
x
1
1 4
x


>

+
>

x 0
x 1
0
x
3x 1
0
x


<

>

>

<

x 0
x 1
x 0
1
x
3

<

>

1
x
3
x 1

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S =
| )
| |
+
|
\ .
1
; 1;
3
.

Bi tp t-ng t. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
x 2x 8 + 2 s x
2)
2
2x 5x 2 + + x s 2
3)
2
3x 8x 3 + 1 s 2x
4) 3 (x 6)(x 2) 7 + + + 3 < 5x
5) 3 (x 6)(x 2) 7 + + + 2x < 6
6)
4 2
2x 5x 3 + + 1 < x
2
.
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 6
Dng 3

f(x) > g(x)
<

>


>

>

2
g(x) 0
f(x) 0
g(x) 0
f(x) g (x)

f(x) > g(x)
<

>


>

>

2
g(x) 0
f(x) 0
g(x) 0
f(x) g (x)


Bi ton. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
3x 10x 3 x 1 + > + (1)
2) (x 1)(3 x) 3 4 3x + + > (2)
3)
2 2
2x 8x 1 x 1 + > + (3)
Gii:
1)
( )
+ <

+ >


+ >

+ > +

2
(1)
2
2
x 1 0
3x 10x 3 0
x 1 0
3x 10x 3 x 1

<

s <

>

+ > + +

2 2
x 1
1
x 3
3
x 1
3x 10x 3 x 2x 1


2
x 1
4x 8x 4 0
>


+ s


2
x 1
4(x 1) 0
>



x 1
x 1
>

x 1 =
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = { }
1 .
2) >
(2)
2
4x x 3x 4
<

>


>

>

2
2 2
3x 4 0
4x x 0
3x 4 0
4x x (3x 4)

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 7

<

s s

>

> +

2 2
4
x
3
0 x 4
4
x
3
4x x 9x 24x 16

2
4
0 x
3
4
x
3
10x 28x 16 0

s <

>

+ <



4
0 x
3
4
x
3
4
x 2
5

s <

>



< <

s <

s <

4
0 x
3
4
x 2
3

0 x 2 s <
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S =
| )
0 ; 2 .
3) + > + + > + +
(3)
2 2 2 2 4 2
2x 8x 1 (x 1) 2x 8x 1 x 2x 1
+ < + <
4 3
x 8x 0 x(x 8) 0
+ + <
2
x(x 2)(x 2x 4) 0 + < x(x 2) 0
2 x 0 < <
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S = ( )
2 ; 0 .

Bi tp t-ng t. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1) (x 3)(5 x) 15 4 2x + + >
2)
2
x 5x 4 2 3x + + + >
3)
2
x 4x 5 x 11 + >
4) + + > +
4 2
x x 1 x 1
5)
4 2
x x 1 1 2x + + >
6)
4 2 2
2x 5x 2 2x 1 + + > .

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 8
Dng 4

f (x) g(x) p(x) q(x) + < + hoc: f (x) g(x) p(x) q(x) + s +
(Trong : f(x) + g(x) = p(x) + q(x)).
Ph-ng php:
iu kin:
f (x) 0
g(x) 0
p(x) 0
q(x) 0
>

>

>

>


Bnh ph- ng hai v ca bt ph- ng trnh, sau - a v dng 1.

Bi ton. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1) x 2 5 2x 2x 7 3x + + < + (1)
2) x 3 2x 5 3 3x 5 2x + + > (2)
3) 3 2x 4 3x 2x 2 x 3 s + + (3)
Gii:
1) iu kin: 0
7
x
3
s s

( ) ( )
+ + < +
(1)
2 2
x 2 5 2x 2x 7 3x
x 2 5 2x 2 x 2. 5 2x 2x 7 3x 2 2x. 7 3x + + + + < + +
2 (x 2)(5 2x) 2 2x(7 3x) + <

2 2
2x x 10 6x 14x + + < +

2 2
2x x 10 6x 14 + + < + x

2
4x 13x 10 0 + <

5
x 2
4
< < ; tho mn iu kin.
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S =
| |
|
\ .
5
; 2
4
.
2) iu kin:
5
x 1
2
s s
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 9
+ + > + +
(2)
x 3 5 2x 3 3x 2x 5

( ) ( )
+ + > + +
2 2
x 3 5 2x 3 3x 2x 5
+ + + + > + + + + x 3 5 2x 2 3 x. 5 2x 3 3x 2x 5 2 3 3x. 2x 5
2 (3 x)(5 2x) 2 (3 3x)(2x 5) + > +

2 2
2x x 15 6x 9x 15 + > +
+ > +
2 2
2x x 15 6x 9x 15
+ >
2
4x 8x 0

>

x 0
x 2

Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S =
| |
(

(

5
; 2 0 ; 1 .
2

3) iu kin: 1
4
x
3
s s

( ) ( )
+ + s + +
+ + s + +
(3)
2 2
3 2x x 3 4 3x 2x 2
3 2x x 3 4 3x 2x 2

+ + + + s + + + + 3 2x x 3 2 3 2x. x 3 4 3x 2x 2 2 4 3x. 2x 2
+ s + 2 (3 2x)(x 3) 2 (4 3x)(2x 2)
+ s + +
2 2
2x 3x 9 6x 2x 8
+ s + +
2 2
2x 3x 9 6x 2x 8
+ s
2
4x 5x 1 0
s s
1
x 1
4
; tho mn iu kin
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S =
(
(

1
; 1
4
.

Bi tp t-ng t. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1) x 1 3x 1 2x 1 2x 1 + + > + +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 10
2) x 1 3x 1 2x 1 2x 1 + + s + +
3) 2x 1 2x 2 x 1 3x 2 + + < + +
4) + + > + + x 1 3x 2 2x 1 2x 2
5) 5x 1 5x 7 2x 3 2x 5 + > +
6) 2x 3 x 2 4x 3 3x 4. + + <





Dng 5

C nhng bi ton gn ging dng 2 v dng 3, nh- ng g(x) y l tam
thc bc hai, khi bnh ph- ng hai v s dn n bt ph- ng trnh bc bn rt
kh gii. Do ta c cch gii khc l t n ph, d- i y l mt s bi ton
minh ho.

Bi ton 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1) + + > +
2
(x 1)(x 2) x x 8 (1)
2)
2 2
6x 18x 12 10 3x x + < + (2)
3) + + + > +
2
2 x 2x 10 5 x(x 2) (3)
Gii:
1) t: t = + > (x 1)(x 2) ; t 0
= = +
2 2 2 2
t x x 2 x x t 2
>
+ + > + >

s

(1)
2 2
t 2
t t 2 8 0 t t 6 0
t 3 (loi)

Vy:
>
+ > > >

s

2 2
x 3
(x 1)(x 2) 2 x x 2 4 x x 6 0
x 2

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = ( | | )
+ ; 2 3 ; .
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 11
2) t: t = + >
2
6x 18x 12 ; t 0

= + =
2
2 2 2
12 t
t 6x 18x 12 3x x
6

< + < + + <


2
(2)
2 2
12 t
t 10 6t 60 12 t t 6t 72 0
6
12 t 6 < <
Vy: + < + <
2 2
6x 18x 12 6 x 3x 2 6
2
2
2
x 2 x 2
x 3x 2 0 1 x 1
x 1 x 1
2 x 4
x 3x 2 6
1 x 4 x 3x 4 0
> >
+ > < s



s s


s <
+ <


< < <


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S =
( | | )
1; 1 2 ; 4 .
3) t: t = + + >
2
x 2x 10 ; t 3
= + + + =
2 2 2
t x 2x 10 x(x 2) t 10
+ > < < <
(3)
2 2
2t 5 t 10 t 2t 15 0 3 t 5
Vy: + + < + + <
2 2
x 2x 10 5 x 2x 10 25
+ < < <
2
x 2x 15 0 5 x 3
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S = ( 5 ; 3).

Bi ton 2. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
2
x 2x (x 3)(1 x) 5 m (*) + + + + >
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh (*) vi m = 2.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng
| |
e x 4 ; 2 .
Gii:
+ + = + = + = +
2 2
(x 3)(1 x) 5 x 2x 8 (x 4)(2 x) 9 (x 1)
= + + s s t : t (x 3)(1 x) 5; 0 t 3
= + + =
2 2 2 2
t x 2x 8 x 2x 8 t
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 12
+ > + + >
(*)
2 2
8 t t m t t 8 m (**)
a) m = 2, + + > s s s
(**)
2 2
t t 8 2 t t 6 0 2 t 3
Vy: + s + s
2 2
x 2x 8 3 9 (x 1) 3; nghim ng x e [4 ; 2].
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (*) l
S = [4 ; 2].
b) Bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim bt ph- ng trnh (**) c nghim t tho
mn: 0 t 3 s s
Gi f(t) = + + s s
2
t t 8; 0 t 3
Bng bin thin:
t 0
1
2
3 +
f(t)
33
4


8 2
| |
s s e
33
2 f(t) ; t 0 ; 3
4

Do (**) c nghim t
| |
e > s
33 33
0 ; 3 m m
4 4

Kt lun: s
33
m ,
4
bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim.
c) Bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng
| |
e x 4 ; 2 bt ph- ng trnh (**)
nghim ng t e [0 ; 3].
Theo kt qu phn trn, c: 2 > m m s 2.
Kt lun: m 2, s bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng
| |
e x 4 ; 2 .

Bi ton 3. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
+ + + > +
2
2 (x 1)(x 7) 25 6x x m (1)
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh (1) vi m = 3.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim.
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 13
Gii:
+ + = + = +
2 2
(x 1)(x 7) 25 x 6x 18 (x 3) 9
= + + >
= + =
2 2 2 2
t : t (x 1)(x 7) 25 ; t 3.
t x 6x 18 x 6x t 18

> + s
(1)
2 2
2t t 18 m t 2t 18 m (2)
a) m = 3, s s s s
(2)
2 2
t 2t 18 3 t 2t 15 0 3 t 5
Vy: + s + s s
2 2 2
x 6x 18 5 x 6x 18 25 x 6x 7 0 1 x 7 s s
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh l
S =
| |
1; 7 .
b) Bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) c nghim t tho
mn: t > 3
Gi f(t) = >
2
t 2t 18; t 3
Bng bin thin:
t - 1 3 +
f(t) +


15
> > f(t) 15; t 3.
Do bt ph- ng trnh (2) c nghim s s 15 m m 15
Kt lun: m s 15, bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim.

Bi tp t-ng t.

Bi 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
x 12x 8 (x 2)(x 14) + + < 16
2) > +
2
(x 1)(x 9) 4 10 x 10x 11
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 14
3)
+
+ + >

x 1
(x 2) (x 1)(x 2) 6
x 2

4)
2
(x 1)(x 2) 4 x x + <
5) (1 x)(4 x) 2 x(x 5) + + > + +
6)
2
(x 2)(4 x) 6x x 10 + > + .

Bi 2. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
+ + > + + (x 1)(x 3) m 6 (x 1)(x 5)
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh vi m = 0.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh nghim ng vi mi x
| |
e 5 ; 1 .

Bi 3. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
2
(x 1)(x 3) x 2x 10 m + + + s
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh vi m = 7.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh c nghim.

















Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 15
Dng 6

f (x) + g(x) > h(x) hoc: f (x) + g(x) h(x)
Phng php:
iu kin:
f (x) 0
g(x) 0
h(x) 0
>

>

>


Dng ny c th cn nhng cch gii khc, xong y xin gii thiu
mt s bi ton m sau khi bnh phng hai v s a v dng 2 hoc dng 3
hoc dng 5.

Bi ton. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau :
1) 5 x 2x 2 + x 1 (1)
2) 1 x + < 6 x + x 2 (2)
3) x 1 + 2x <
2
2x x 1 + (3)
4)
2
x 3x 2 + +
2
x 4x 3 +
2
x 5x 4 + (4)
Gii:
1) iu kin: 1 x 5

(1)
5 x + x 1 2x 2 +
( ) ( )
2 2
5 x x 1 2x 2 + > +

5 x + x 1 + 2 5 x . x 1 2x + 2
2 (5 x)(x 1) 2x + 2 4

2
x 6x 5 + x 1
x
2
+ 6x 5 (x 1)
2
(Hai v khng m, do: 1 x 5)
x
2
+ 6x 5 x
2
2x + 1
2x
2
8x + 6 0 1 x 3; tho mn iu kin.
Kt lun: tp nghim bt phng trnh (1) l
S = [1 ; 3].
2) iu kin: x 2

(2)
1 x + + x 2 < x 6 +
( ) ( )
2 2
1 x x 2 6 x + + < +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 16
x + 1 + x 2 + 2 1 x + . x 2 < 6 + x
2 (x 1)(x 2) + < x + 6 2x + 1
2
2
x x 2 < 7 x

2 2
7 x 0
x 2
4(x x 2) (7 x)
>

>

<


2 2
x 7
x 2
4x 4x 8 x 14x 49
<

>

< +



2
2 x 7
3x 10x 57 0
s <

+ <


2 x 7
19
x 3
3
s <

< <


2 x < 3
Kt lun: tp nghim bt phng trnh (2) l
S = [2 ; 3).
3) iu kin: x 1

(3)
( )
2
x 1 2x + <
( )
+
2
2
2x x 1

x 1 + 2x + 2 x 1 . 2x < 2x
2
+ x 1
2 2x(x 1) < 2x
2
+ x 1 3x + 1
2
2
2x 2x < 2x
2
2x

( )
2
2
2x 2x 2
2
2x 2x > 0

2
2x 2x
( )
2
2x 2x 2 > 0

>

>

2
2
2x 2x 2
2x 2x 0


2
2x 2x > 2 2x
2
2x > 4 x
2
x 2 > 0

x 2
x 1
>

<


Kt hp vi iu kin, c tp nghim bt phng trnh (3) l
S = (2 ; +).
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 17
4) iu kin:
2
2
2
x 3x 2 0
x 4x 3 0
x 5x 4 0
+ >

+ >

+ >


x 2
x 1
x 3
x 1
x 4
x 1
>

>

>


x 4
x 1
>



(4)
(x 1)(x 2) + (x 1)(x 3) (x 1)(x 4)
+) Trng hp 1: x 4

(4)
x 2 + x 3 x 4 ; nghim ng x 4.
+) Trng hp 2: x = 1, thay vo bt phng trnh tho mn.
+) Trng hp 3: x < 1

(4)
(1 x)(2 x) + (1 x)(3 x) (1 x)(4 x)
2 x + 3 x 4 x

( )
2
2 x 3 x +
( )
2
4 x

2 x + 3 x + 2 2 x 3 x 4 x
2 2 x . 3 x 4 x + 2x 5
2 2 x . 3 x x 1; nghim ng x < 1
Kt lun: tp nghim bt phng trnh (4) l
S = ( ; 1] [4 ; +).

Bi tp tng t. Gii cc bt phng trnh sau:
1) 3x 3 + 5 x < 2 x
2) 2 x + 7 x + x 1
3) x 2
2
x 8x 2 x 8
4) x 3 +
2
x 20 x 5
5) x 1
2
x 4x 1 + x 3 +
6) x 2 + + 3 x <
2
11 x x +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 18
7) 2 x + x 3 + >
2
11 x x
8)
2
x 1 +
2
x 3x 2 + +
2
x 8x 7 + +
9)
2
x 3x 2 + >
2
x 4x 3 + +
2
x 5x 4 +
10)
2
x 1 +
2
x 2x 1 + >
2
x x 2 + .


Dng 7

a
( )
+ > f(x) g(x) b f(x).g(x) m
(Trong : f(x) + g(x) = c; c = const)
Ph-ng php:
iu kin:
f (x) 0
g(x) 0
>

>


t: t = f (x) g(x) ; tm iu kin cho t

2
(t c)
f (x).g(x)
2

=
Sau thay vo bt ph- ng trnh v gii tip

Ch : Dng ny nu l ph- ng trnh, ta cn c cch gii khc l - a v h
ph- ng trnh gii.

Bi ton 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
x 1 4 x 1 2 4 3x x + + + < + (1)
2)
2
2x 1 9 16x 4x 9 2x 5 + + + < + (2)
3) x +
2 2
10 x x. 10 x 7 + < (3)
4) x
2 2
5 x x. 5 x 1 + > (4)
Gii:
1) iu kin: 1 x 4
t: t = 1 x 4 x; + + 5 t 10 s s
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 19

( )
2
2
t 1 x 4 x = + +

2
t 1 x 4 x 2 1 x. 4 x = + + + +

2 2
2 4 3x x t 5 + =
(1)
2 2
t 3
t 1 t 5 t t 6 0
t 2;
>

+ < >

<

loi

Vy:
2
1 x 4 x 3 1 x 4 x 2 4 3x x 9 + + > + + + + >

2 2
2
2 4 3x x 4 4 3x x 4
x 3x 0 0 x 3;
+ > + >
< < <

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = (0 ; 3).
2) iu kin:
1 9
x
2 2
s s
t: t = 2x 1 9 2x; + 10 t 10 s s

2
t 2x 1 9 2x 2 2x 1. 9 2x = + + +

2 2
2
2
t 10 2 9 16x 4x
10 t
9 16x 4x
2
= +

+ =

2
(2)
2 2
t 0
10 t
t 5 2t 10 t 10 t 2t 0
t 2 2
<

+ < + < >

>


Vy:

+ <

+ >

2x 1 9 2x 0 (I)
2x 1 9 2x 2 (II)

+) Gii (I): 2x 1 9 2x 2x 1 9 2x 4x 8 x 2 + < + < < <
Kt hp iu kin, c:
1
x 2
2
s <
+) Gii (II):
( )
2
2x 1 9 2x
2x 1 9 2x 4

+ >

+ >


2
2x 1 9 2x
10 2 9 16x 4x 4
+ >

+ >



tho mn iu kin

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 20

2
4x 8
2 9 16x 4x 6
>

+ <


2
x 2
9 16x 4x 9
>

+ <



2
x 2
4x 16x 0
>

>


x 2
x 4
x 0
>

>

<

x 4 >
Kt hp iu kin, c: 4 < x
9
2

+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S =
1 9
; 2 4 ;
2 2
| | (

|
(
. \
.
3) iu kin: 10 x 10 s s
t: t = x +
2
10 x

( )
2
2 2
2 2 2 2
2
2
t x 10 x
t x 10 x 2x 10 x
t 10
x. 10 x
2
= +
= + +

=

2
(3)
2 2
t 10
t 7 t 2t 10 14 t 2t 24 0 6 t 4
2

+ < + < + < < <


Vy:
2
2
2
2
10 x 4 x
x 10 x 4
10 x (x 6); x 10 ; 10
x 10 x 6

<
+ <


(
> + e
+ >

ng


2 2
10 x (4 x) < (Hai v khng m, do: 10 x 10 s s )

2 2 2
x 3
10 x 16 8x x 2x 8x 6 0
x 1
>

< + + >

<


Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S =
) (
10 ; 1 3 ; 10
(


.
Ch : Nu tm iu kin cho n ph t th: 10 t 5 s s
4) iu kin: 5 x 5 s s
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 21
t: t =
2
x 5 x

( )
2
2 2
t x 5 x =

2 2 2 2
t x 5 x 2x 5 x = +

2
2
5 t
x. 5 x
2

=
2
(4)
2 2
5 t
t 1 2t 5 t 2 t 2t 3 0 1 t 3
2

+ > + > < < <


Vy:
2
2
x 5 x 3
x 5 x 1

<

>


2
2
5 x x 3; ; 5
5 x x 1

(
> e

< +

ng x 5


2
2 2 2 2
x 1 0 x 1
5 x x 1
5 x (x 1) 5 x x 2x 1
+ > >

< +

< + < + +



2
x 1
x 1
x 1 x 1
2x 2x 4 0
x 2
>

>


> >


+ >

<


Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (4) l
S =
(
1; 5
(

.
Ch : Nu tm iu kin cho n ph t th: 10 t 5 s s .

Bi ton 2. Cho ph- ng trnh
2
x 2 m 7 x 14 5x x + s + + + (*)
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh (*) vi m = 3
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng
| |
e x 2 ; 7 .
Gii:
iu kin: 2 x 7 s s
t: t = x 2 7 x + ; 3 t 3

( )
2
2
t x 2 7 x = +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 22

2
t x 2 7 x 2 x 2. 7 x = + + +
+ =
2
14 5x x
2
9 t
2

s + s + + s
2
(*)
2 2
9 t
t m 2t 2m 9 t t 2t 9 2m (**)
2

a) m = 3, + s + s s s
(**)
2 2
t 2t 9 6 t 2t 3 0 3 t 1
Vy:
| |

+ s

+ > e

x 2 7 x 1
x 2 7 x 3, ng x 2 ; 7
+ s + x 2 1 7 x
+ s + + > x 2 1 7 x 2 7 x 2 7 x 2x 6

> s
s



s s



>


> >


+ s

> > +


s
s

> +

< s
+

s s

2
2 2
7 x 0 x 7
x 3
2x 6 0 x 3
x 3
2x 6 0 x 3
x 5x 2 0
4(7 x) 4(x 3) 7 x x 6x 9
x 3
x 3
x 3 5 17
x
5 17
2
3 x
5 17 5 17
x 2
2 2

Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (*) l
S =
(
+

(

5 17
2 ;
2
.
b. Bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim bt ph- ng trnh (**) c nghim t tho
mn: 3 s t s 3.
Gi f(t) = t
2
+ 2t 9; 3 s t s 3
Bng bin thin:
t
3
1
3 +

f(t)


6

6




10 s f(t) s 6; t e [ 3 ; 3]
10
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 23
Do (**) c nghim 10 s 2m m 5
Kt lun: m 5, bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim.
c. Bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng vi x e [ 2 ; 7] bt ph- ng trnh
(**) nghim ng t e [ 3 ; 3].
Theo kt qu trn, c: 6 s 2m m 3.
Kt lun: m 3, bt ph- ng trnh (*) nghim ng x e [ 2 ; 7].

Bi ton 3. Cho bt ph- ng trnh
+ + > + +
2
2x 4 16 2x 2 16 6x x m (1)
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh (1) vi m = 2.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (1) nghim ng x e [ 2 ; 8].
Gii:
iu kin: 2 s x s 8
t: t = 2x 4 16 2x; + + 2 5 t 2 10 s s
t
2
=
( )
+ +
2
2x 4 16 2x
t
2
= 2x 4 16 2x 2 2x 4 . 16 2x + + + +

2
2
t 20
2 16 6x x
2

+ =

> + > + s
2
(1)
2 2
t 20
t m 2t t 20 2m t 2t 20 2m (2)
2

a) m = 2, s s s s
(2)
2 2
t 2t 20 4 t 2t 24 0 4 t 6
Vy:

+ + s

+ + > e

2x 4 16 2x 6
2x 4 16 2x 4; ng x [ 2 ; 8]

2x 4 16 2x 6 + + s 2x 4 16 2x 2 2x 4 . 16 2x 36 + + + + s
+ s + s
2 2
4 16 6x x 16 16 6x x 16
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 24

>

>

s

2
x 6
x 6x 0
x 0

Kt hp vi iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = [ 2 ; 0] [6 ; 8].
b) Bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) c nghim t tho
mn: 2 5 t 2 10 s s
Gi f(t) = t
2
2t 20; 2 5 t 2 10 s s
Bng bin thin:
t
1
2 5 2 10 +
f (t)

20 4 10
4 5


s s 4 5 f(t) 20 4 10 ; t e
(

2 5 ; 2 10
Do (2) c nghim 4 5 2m m 2 5 s s
Kt lun: m s 2 5 , bt ph- ng trnh (1) c nghim.
c. Bt ph- ng trnh (1) nghim ng x e [ 2 ; 8] bt ph- ng trnh (2)
nghim ng t e
(

2 5 ; 2 10
Theo kt qu trn, c: 20 4 10 s 2m m s 2 10 10
Kt lun: m s 2 10 10, bt ph- ng trnh (1) nghim ng vi mi x thuc
on [ 2 ; 8].

Bi tp t-ng t.

Bi 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
( )
2
3 x 3 5 x 4 2 15 2x x + + s + +
2)
2
1 x x x x 1 + + s
3)
2
x x 2 1 x 1 x 2 + > + +
4)
x 1
x 1 4 x (x 4). 3
4 x
+
+ >


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 25
5)
5 2x
2x 5 2x x . 2
2x

+ <

6)

+ + >

6 x
x 1 6 x (1 x) . 1 0
x 1
.

Bi 2. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
( )
2
3 x 2 3 x m 6 x x + + s + +
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh vi m = 7.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh nghim ng x e [ 2 ; 3].
d) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh v nghim.

Bi 3. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
x 1 x x(1 x) m >
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh vi m = 1.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh nghim ng x e [0 ; 1].
d) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh v nghim.












Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 26
Dng 8
Dng ny c cch gii t- ng t dng 7, sau y l cc bi ton minh ho.

Bi ton 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1.
2
5 2x x 2 2 10 x 2x x 5 + + + + > + (1)
2.
2
x 8 x x 8x x 0 + + + < (2)
Gii:
1) iu kin: 2 s x s
5
2

t: t 5 2x x 2 = + + ; t > 0

( )
2
2
t 5 2x x 2 = + +

2
t 5 2x x 2 2 5 2x. x 2 = + + + +

2 2
t 7 x 2 10 x 2x = + +

2 2
2 10 x 2x x t 7 + =
>

+ > + >

s

(1)
2 2
t 3
t t 7 5 t t 12 0
t 4 (loi)

Vy: + + > + + + + > 5 2x x 2 3 5 2x x 2 2 5 2x. x 2 9
+ > + + > +
2 2 2
2 10 x 2x x 2 4(10 x 2x ) (x 2) (Hai v khng m)
+ > + + s
2 2 2
40 4x 8x x 4x 4 9x 36
s s s
2
x 4 2 x 2; tho mn iu kin
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = [ 2 ; 2].

Ch : Nu tm iu kin cho t th lm nh- sau:
+) ( )
2
2
5 5
t 2. x x 2 2 1 x x 2
2 2
| |
| |
= + + s + + +
|
|
\ .
\ .
s s
2
27 3
t t 3.
2 2

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 27
+) = + + > > >
2 2
5 9 3
t 7 x 2 5 2x. x 2 7 t t
2 2
2


| |

s >

|
|
+ >

\ .
5 5
x x
2 2 V :
2 5 2x. x 2 0

Vy: s s
3 3
t 3.
2
2
.
2) iu kin: x 0
t: t x 8 x, t 0 = + >

( )
2
2
t x 8 x = +

2
t x 8 x 2 x. x 8 = + + +

2
2
t 8
x x 8x
2

+ =

+ < + < < <


2
(2)
2
t 8
t 0 t 2t 8 0 4 t 2
2

Vy:

+ <

+ > >

x 8 x 2
x 8 x 4; ng x 0
+ < x 8 x 2
+ < + x 8 x 2 + < + + x 8 x 4 4 x
> > > 4 x 4 x 1 x 1
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S = (1 ; +).

Ch : Nu tm iu kin cho t th lm nh- sau:
+) Do x 8 x 0 + > ; x 0 t > 0
+)
2
t 8 2x 2 x(x 8) 8 2 x ( x 8 x) 8 = + + = + s s s
2
t 8 t 2 2
+) Vy: < s 0 t 2 2 .

Cch gii khc:

( )
(
+ + + <

(2)
x 8 x(x 8) x x 0
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 28

( ) ( )
x 8 1 x x 1 x 0 + <

( )( )
1 x x 8 x 0 + <
1 x 0 <
( ) ( )
+ > > : x 8 x 0; x 0 V
> x 1
x > 1
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S = (1 ; +).

Bi ton 2. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:

2
2 x 1 2 x 2 x x x 2 m (*) + + + + s
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh (*) vi m = 11.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh (*) v nghim.
Gii:
iu kin: x 2
t: t = x 1 x 2 + + ; t 3

2
t x 1 x 2 2 x 1. x 2 = + + + +
= +
2 2
t 2x 1 2 x x 2 (t
2
> 2.2 1 t
2
> 3 t > 3 )

+
+ =
2
2
t 1
x x x 2
2

+
+ s + + s
2
(*)
2
t 1
2t m t 4t 1 2m
2
(**)
a) m = 11, + + s + s s s
(**)
2 2
t 4t 1 22 t 4t 21 0 7 t 3
Vy:

+ + s

+ + > >

x 1 x 2 3
x 1 x 2 7; ng x 2
+ + s x 1 x 2 3
x 1 x 2 2 x 1. x 2 9 + + + + s s
2
2 x x 2 10 2x
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 29
s
2
x x 2 5 x
>

s +

2 2
5 x 0
x x 2 x 10x 25


s

x 5
9x 27

s
s

x 5
x 3
x 3

Kt hp iu kin, ta c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (*) l
S = [2 ; 3].
b) Bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim bt ph- ng trnh (**) c nghim t tho
mn: t 3
Gi f(t) = t
2
+ 4t + 1; t 3
Bng bin thin:
t

2
+
f(t)


f(t) 4 + 4 3 ; t 3
Do (**) c nghim t 3 4 + 4 3 2m m 2 + 2 3
Kt lun: m 2 + 2 3 , bt ph- ng trnh (*) c nghim.
c) Theo phn trn, bt ph- ng trnh (*) v nghim khi m < 2 + 2 3 .

Bi tp t-ng t.

Bi 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh:
1)
2
x 3 5 2x x 4 2 15 x 2x + + + + s
2)
2
2x 3 x 1 3x 2 2x 5x 3 + + + > + + +
3)
2
x 1 1 2x 2 1 x 2x x 4 + + + < +
4)
2
x 2 7 3x 14 x 3x + + + + x > 5
5) 3
( )
7 3x x
2
x 7x 3x s +
6)
2
x 2 x 1 x x x 2 1 + + > + + .
3
4 + 4 3
+
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 30
Bi 2. Cho bt ph- ng trnh:
+ + > +
2
6 2x x 2 6x 2x m x
a) Gii bt ph- ng trnh vi m = 6.
b) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh c nghim.
c) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh nghim ng x e [0 ; 3].
d) Tm m bt ph- ng trnh v nghim.

Ch :
t = 6 2x x + ; 0 x 3
+) t
2
=
( )
+
2
6 2x x = 6 x + 2 6 2x. x 6 3 3 > = t
2
3
+) t
2
=
( )
+ s + + =
2
2. 3 x x (2 1)(3 x x) 9 t
2
9
+) Vy: 3 t 3.


Dng 9

Mt s ph- ng php khc gii bt ph- ng trnh cha cn thc bc hai
th hin trong cc bi ton d- i y. Do thi gian hn hp, nn cc bi ton
d- i y ti ch gii thiu mt cch gii m ti cho l d hiu nht.

Bi ton 1. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2 2
1
x x x 1
4
+ > (1)
2)
+
+ + >
x 3
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1
2
(2)
3) x 2 x 1 x 2 x 1 x 1 2 + + > + (3)
4) x
2
> 2 + x 2 + (4)

Bi ton 2. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
4 x 4
2
x
+
< (1)
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 31
2)
2
x 4 4
2
x

> (2)
3)
2 2
(x x 6). x 1 0 + > (3)
4)
2 2
(x 3x 4). x x 2 0 + > (4)
5)
2 2
(x 3x 4). x x 2 0 + > (5)
6)
2 2
x 9 (x 3). x 1 s (6)
7)
2
2
x 4
x 2
x 1

s +

(7)
8) 3x 5 x 3 2x 8 + > + (8)
9) 4 2x 1 4. x 3 x 4 + s + (9)
10) 2 x 1 x 2 x 2 + > (10)
11) x 2 1 x 2x 1 + + < + (11)
12)
2 2
x 4x 12 x x 6 x 2 + > + (12)

Bi ton 3. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
( )
2
2
x
2x 3
x 1 1
> +
+
(1)
2) <
2 2
2 x 1 x 2x 1 (2)
3)
2 2
x 2x 8 2x 4x 1 11 + + > (3)
4)
2 2
x x 1 x x 1 2 + + > (4)
5)
2
2(x 16) 7 x
x 3
x 3 x 3

+ >

(5)
6)
2 2
3 x x 2 x x 1 + + < (6)
7)
x 2 x 1
6 5
x 1 x 2
+
+ s
+
(7)
8)
2
x x 2 2 x 2 2 x 1 + > + (8)
9)
4x 3 2 x
2
x
+
> (9)
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 32
10)
x 1 6 3x 1
2 x 1 3 x
+
>
+
(10)
11)
x 2 5 x
1
x 7
+
>

(11)
12)
2
1 1 4x
3
x

< (12)

Bi ton 4. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
( ) ( )
2 2
4x 1 . x 1 2 x 1 2x 1 + s + + (1)
2)
2 2
(x 1). x 2x 3 x 1 + + > + (2)
3) ( )
2 2
x 4x 3 3x 2 . x 2x 3 + + > + + (3)

Bi ton 5. Gii cc bt ph- ng trnh sau:
1)
2
x 2x 5 x 1 2 + + s (1)
2)
3 2 2
2x x 4x 4 x x 2 + + + > + (2)
3)
2
x 2 4 x x 6x 11 + > + (3)
4)
2
2
2
x 6x 15
x 6x 18
x 6x 11
+
+ s
+
(4)
5) ( )( ) x 3 4 x x 3 5 x + s (5)

Gii:

Bi ton 1.
1)
| |
> >
|
\ .
2
(1)
2 2
1 1
x x 1 x x 1
2 2

+) Tr- ng hp 1: > >
1 1
x 0 x
2 2

(1)
> < <
2 2 2
1 1
x x 1 x x 0 2x 2x 1 0
2 2

1 3 1 3
x
2 2
+
< <
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 33
Kt hp iu kin, c:
1 1 3
x
2 2
+
s <
+) Tr- ng hp 2: < <
1 1
x 0 x
2 2

(1)
+ > + < + <
2 2 2
1 3
x x 1 x x 0 2x 2x 3 0
2 2

1 7 1 7
x
2 2
+
< <
Kt hp iu kin, c:

< <
1 7 1
x
2 2

+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
| |
+
=
|
\ .
1 7 1 3
S ;
2 2
.
2)
(2)
( ) ( )
+
+ + + + >
x 3
x 1 2 x 1 1 x 1 2 x 1 1
2

( ) ( )
+
+ + >
2 2
x 3
x 1 1 x 1 1
2


(
+ + > +

2 x 1 1 x 1 1 x 3
+ + > + 2 x 1 2 2 x 1 1 x 3
+ > + 2 x 1 2 x 1 1 x 1
+) Tr- ng hp 1: > > > x 1 1 x 1 1 x 2

(2)
+ > + > + 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 x 1 4 x 1 x 3
( ) ( ) > +
2
16 x 1 x 3 (Hai v khng m)
> + +
2
16x 16 x 6x 9
( ) + s s
2
2
x 10x 25 0 x 5 0
= = x 5 0 x 5; tho mn iu kin
+) Tr- ng hp 2:
x 1 0
x 1 1
>

<


x 1
x 2
>

<


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 34

(2)
+ > + s 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 x 1 x 1
Kt hp iu kin, c: x =1
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
{ }
= S 1; 5 .
3)
(3)
+ + > + x 1 1 x 1 1 x 1 2 (T- ng t 2)

> >
>

s s

x 1 1 1 x 1 2
x 1 1 1
x 1 1 1 x 1 0

> >


= =

x 1 4 x 5
x 1 0 x 1

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
| ) { }
= S 5 ; 1 .
4) iu kin: x > 2

(4)
( )
| | | |
+ + > + + + + + > + +
| |
\ . \ .
2 2
2
1 1 1 1
x x x 2 x 2 x x 2
4 4 2 2

+ > + +

+ s


+ s

+ s +

1 1
x x 2
x 2 x (I)
2 2
1 1
x 2 x 1 (II)
x x 2
2 2

+)
(I)

>

> >

> >


+ s >

2 2
x 0
x 0 x 0
x 2 x 2
x 2 x x x 2 0
x 1

+)
(II)
2
x 2 0
x 1 0
x 2 x 2x 1
+ >

>

+ s + +


2
x 2
x 1
x x 1 0
>

+ >


2 x 1
1 5
x
2
1 5
x
2
s s

>



1 5
2 x
2

s s
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (4) l
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 35
S =
(

+
(

1 5
2 ; [2 ; )
2
.

Bi ton 2.
1) iu kin:
x 2
x 2
>

(1)

2
4 x 4 2x
0
x
+
<
2
x 4 2x 4
0
x
+
<
+) Tr- ng hp 1: x 2 s

(1)
+ >
2
x 4 2x 4 0
2
x 4 4 2x + > ; ng s x 2
+) Tr- ng hp 2: > x 2
+ <
(1)
2
x 4 2x 4 0
2
x 4 2x 4 <
2 2
x 4 4x 16x 16 < + (Hai v khng m, do > x 2)
2
3x 16x 20 0 + >
10
x
3
x 2

>

<


Kt hp iu kin, c: >
10
x
3

+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = ( |
| |
+
|
\ .
10
; 2 ;
3
.
2) iu kin:
x 2
x 2
>



>
2
(2)
x 4 4 2x
0
x

+) Tr- ng hp 1: s x 2
<
(2)
2
x 4 4 2x 0 ( )
2
x 4 2 x 2 < + ; khng c nghim s x 2
+) Tr- ng hp 2: > x 2
>
(2)
2
x 4 4 2x 0
2
x 4 2x 4 > +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 36
2 2
x 4 4x 16x 16 > + + (Hai v khng m, do > x 2)
2
3x 16x 20 0 + + <
10
x 2
3
< < ; khng tho mn > x 2
+) Kt lun: bt ph- ng trnh (2) v nghim.
3)
=

>

+ >

2
(3)
2
2
x 1 0
x 1 0
x x 6 0

=

>

<


>



s

x 1
x 1
x 1
x 2
x 3

=

>

x 1
x 2
x 3

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S = ( | | ) { }
+ ; 3 2 ; 1; 1 .
4)
=

>

+ >

2
(4)
2
2
x x 2 0
x x 2 0
x 3x 4 0

=

>



<

>

x 1
x 2
x 2
x 1
x 1
x 4

=


>

x 1
x 2
x 2
x 4

x 1
x 2
x 4
=

>


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (4) l
S = ( | | ) { }
+ ; 4 2 ; 1 .
5)
(5)
>

+ >

2
2
x x 2 0
x 3x 4 0

>


<


>

<

x 2
x 1
x 1
x 4

>


<

x 2
x 4

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (5) l
S = ( ) ( )
+ ; 4 2 ; .
6) iu kin:
x 1
x 1
>

(6)
( )( ) ( ) + s
2
x 3 x 3 x 3 x 1 ( ) ( )( )
2
x 3 x 1 x 3 x 3 0 + >
( ) ( )
(
+ >

2
x 3 x 1 x 3 0
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 37
+) Tr- ng hp 1:
x 1
1 x 3
s

s <

(6)
( ) + s
2
x 1 x 3 0
2
x 1 x 3 s +
+ >

>

s + +

2
2 2
x 3 0
x 1 0
x 1 x 6x 9

>

>

>

x 3
x 1
x 1
6x 10

>

>

>

x 1
x 1
x 3
5
x
3

x 1
5
x 1
3
>

s s


Kt hp vi iu kin, c:

s s

s <

5
x 1
3
1 x 3

+) Tr- ng hp 2: x = 3, thay vo (6) tho mn.
+) Tr- ng hp 3: x > 3

(6)
( ) + >
2
x 1 x 3 0 > +
2
x 1 x 3
> + +
2 2
x 1 x 6x 9 (Hai v khng m, do x > 3)
s 6x 10
5
x
3
s ; khng tho mn x > 3
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (6) l
S =
| |
(

(

5
; 1 1; 3
3
.
7) iu kin:
>

<

x 1
x 1

(7)
( )( ) ( ) + s +
2
x 2 x 2 x 2 x 1 ( ) ( )( ) + + >
2
x 2 x 1 x 2 x 2 0
( )
( )
+ + >
2
x 2 x 1 x 2 0
+) Tr- ng hp 1:
< <

>

2 x 1
x 1

(7)
+ >
2
x 1 x 2 0
2
x 1 x 2 >
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 38
( )

>

s


>

>

2
2
2
x 1 0
x 2 0
x 2 0
x 1 x 2

>


s

>

> +

2 2
x 1
x 1
x 2
x 2
x 1 x 4x 4

s

>

>

s s

x 1
x 2
4x 5
1 x 2

s

>



>

s s

x 1
x 2
5
x
4
1 x 2

s

>

s s

x 1
x 2
1 x 2

x 1
x 1
s


>


Kt hp iu kin, c: < < > 2 x 1; x 1
+) Tr- ng hp 2: = x 2, thay vo (7) tho mn.
+) Tr- ng hp 3: < x 2

(7)
+ s
2
x 1 x 2 0
2
x 1 2 x + s ; khng c nghim tho mn x 2 <
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (7) l
S =
| ) ( )
+ 2 ; 1 1; .
8) iu kin: x 3 >

(8)
( ) ( )
( )
+ > + + + 3x 5 x 3 2x 8 3x 5 x 3
( )
( )
2x 8 2x 8 3x 5 x 3 + > + + + +
1 3x 5 x 3 > + + ( + > 2x 8 0, do x 3 > )
1 3x 5 x 3 2 3x 5. x 3 > + + + +
2 3x 5. x 3 4x 1 + s ; khng c nghim tho mn x 3 >
Kt lun: bt ph- ng trnh (8) v nghim.
9) iu kin: > x 3

(9)
( ) ( )
( )
( + s + + +

4 2x 1 x 3 x 4 2x 1 x 3
( ) ( )
( )
4 x 4 x 4 2x 1 x 3 + s + + +
4 2x 1 x 3 s + + ( + > x 4 0, do > x 3)
16 2x 1 x 3 2 2x 1. x 3 s + + + +
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 39
2
2 2x 5x 3 18 3x >
( )
s

>

>

>


> +

2 2
18 3x 0
x 3
18 3x 0
x 3
4 2x 5x 3 324 108x 9x
>

>

<


>


+ s

2
x 6
x 3
x 6
x 3
x 88x 336 0

x 6
3 x 6
4 x 84
>

s <

s s


x 6
4 x 6
>


s <

x 4 >
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (9) l
S =
| )
+ 4 ; .
10) iu kin: > x 1

(10)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
+ > + + 4 x 1 x 2 x 2 2 x 1 x 2
( ) ( )
( )
3 x 2 x 2 2 x 1 x 2 > + +
( )
( )
+ + < x 2 2 x 1 x 2 3 0
+) Tr- ng hp 1: > x 2

(10)
+ + < 2 x 1 x 2 3 0 + + < 2 x 1 x 2 3
Bt ph- ng trnh ny khng c nghim tho mn x 2 > , v:
2 x 1 2 2 1 2
x 2 2 2 2

> =

+ > + =

> x 2
+) Tr- ng hp 2: x = 2, thay vo bt ph- ng trnh khng tho mn.
+) Tr- ng hp 3: 1 x 2 s <

(10)
+ + > 2 x 1 x 2 3 0 2 x 1 x 2 3 + + >
( )
2
4 x 1 x 2 4 x 1 x 2 9
4 x x 2 11 5x
+ + + + >
+ >

( )
+ > +
2 2
16 x x 2 121 110x 25x (Hai v khng m)
2
9x 126x 153 0 + <
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 40
2
x 14x 17 0 + <
7 4 2 x 7 4 2 < < +
Kt hp iu kin, c: < < 7 4 2 x 2
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (10) l
S =
( )
7 4 2 ; 2 .
11) iu kin: s s 2 x 1

(11)
+ >

+ + + + < + +

2
2x 1 0
x 2 1 x 2 x 2. 1 x 4x 4x 1

( )

>

+ < +

2 2
1
x
2
2 x x 2 4x 4x 2 *

t: = + >
2
t x x 2; t 0

2 2
t x x 2 = +
2 2
x x 2 t + =

(*)
( )
<
2
2t 4 2 t 2
2
4t 2t 6 0 + <
3
t 1
2
< <
Vy:
2
x x 2 1 + <
2
x x 2 1 + <
2
x x 1 0 + >
1 5
x
2
1 5
x
2

+
>


<


Kt hp iu kin
1
x 1
2
< s , ta c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (11) l
S =
| (
+
(
\
1 5
; 1
2
.
12) iu kin:
2
2
x 4x 12 0
x x 6 0
>

>


>


>

x 6
x 2
x 3
x 2

>

x 6
x 2

+) Tr- ng hp 1: x 2 s , bt ph- ng trnh (12) lun ng.
+) Tr- ng hp 2: x 6 >
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 41

(12)
( )( ) ( )( ) ( ) + + + > +
2
x 2 x 6 x 2 x 3 x 2
2
x 6 x 3 x 2
x 6 x 3 2 x 6. x 3 x 2
2 x 9x 18 11 x
+ > +
+ + > +
+ >

( )
>

>

>

+ > +

2 2
x 6
11 x 0
11 x 0
x 6
4 x 9x 18 121 22x x

>

>

<

>

>

2
x 6
x 11
x 11
x 6
3x 14x 49 0

>

s <



>




s

x 11
6 x 11
x 7
7
x
3

>

s <

x 11
7 x 11
x 7 >
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (12) l
S = ( | | )
+ ; 2 7 ; .

Bi ton 3.
1) iu kin:
x 1
x 1 1
>

+ =


x 1
x 0
>

(1)
| |
+ +
> +
|
+
\ .
2
2
x 1 1
x . 2x 3
x 1 1

( )
2
x 1 1 2x 3 + + > +
x 1 1 2 x 1 2x 3 + + + + > + ( ) 2 x 1 x 1 0 + + >
( )
+ + > x 1. 2 x 1 0
>


+ >

x 1
2 x 1 0

x 1
x 1 2
>


+ <


x 1
x 1 4
>


+ <


x 1
x 3
>


<


Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S = ( ) { }
1; 3 \ 0 .
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 42
2) iu kin:
2
2
2 x 0
2x 1 0
>

>


2 x 2
1
x
2
1
x
2

s s

>

s s

s s

1
2 x
2
1
x 2
2

(2)
+ < +
2 2
2 x 2x 1 x 1
2 2 2 2 2
x 1 0
2 x 2x 1 2 2 x . 2x 1 x 2x 1
+ >


+ + < + +

>


+ <

4 2
x 1
2 2x 5x 2 2x

4 2
x 1
2x 5x 2 x
>


+ <


4 2 2
x 0
2x 5x 2 x
>


+ <


4 2
x 0
2x 4x 2 0
>


+ >


( )
>


>

2
2
x 0
2 x 1 0

>

2
x 0
x 1 0

>

x 0
x 1

>

x 0
x 1

Kt hp iu kin, c tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (2) l
S = { }
(
(

1
; 2 \ 1
2
.
3)
(3)
( ) ( ) + >
2 2
x 1 9 2 x 1 1 11
t: ( ) = >
2
t x 1 ; t 9

(3)
+ > t 9 2t 1 11 t 9 2t 1 2 t 9. 2t 1 121 + + >
+ >
2
2 2t 19t 9 131 3t
( )
s

>

>

>

+ > +

2 2
131 3t 0
t 9
131 3t 0
t 9
4 2t 19t 9 9t 786t 17161

2
131
t
3
131
9 t
3
t 710t 17125 0

>

s <

+ s


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 43
131
t
3
131
9 t
3
25 t 685

>

s <

s s


131
t
3
131
25 t
3

>

s <


> t 25
Vy: ( )
2
x 1 25 >
>

x 1 5
x 1 5

x 6
x 4
>


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (3) l
S = ( | | )
+ ; 4 6 ; .
4) iu kin:
2
2
2
x 1 0
x x 1 0
x x 1 0
>

>

+ >


2
2
x 1
x 1
x 1 x
x 1 x
>

>

> x 1

(4)
+ + + + >
2 2 2 2
x x 1 x x 1 2 x x 1. x x 1 4
( )
2 2
2x 2 x x 1 4 + > 2x 2 4 + > x 1 >
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (4) l
S =
| )
+ 1; .
5) iu kin:
2
x 16 0
x 3
>

>

x 4 >

(5)
( )
+ >
2
2 x 16 x 3 7 x
( )
2
2 x 16 10 2x >
( )
>

<

>

>

> +

2 2
x 4
10 2x 0
x 4
10 2x 0
2 x 16 100 40x 4x

>

>

>

+ <

2
x 4
x 5
x 4
x 5
2x 40x 132 0

x 5
4 x 5
10 34 x 10 34
>

s s

< < +


x 5
10 34 x 5
>


< s

x 10 34 >
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 44
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (5) l
S =
( )
+ 10 34 ; .
6) iu kin:
2
2
x x 3 0
x x 2 0
+ >

+ + >

x
2
+ x + 2 0 1 x 2

(6)
+ < + +
2 2
3 x x 2 x x 1 + < + + + +
2 2 2
3 x x 2 x x 1 2 2 x x
+ >
2 2
2 2 x x 2x 2x + >
2 2
2 x x x x
= + >
= + =
2
2 2 2 2
t : t 2 x x ; t 0
t 2 x x x x 2 t

(6)
>
> + >

<

2 2
t 1
t 2 t t t 2 0
t 2 loi ( )

+ > + >
+
< < <
2 2
2
Vy : 2 x x 1 2 x x 1
1 5 1 5
x x 1 0 x
2 2


Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (6) l
S =
| |
+
|
\ .
1 5 1 5
;
2 2
.
7) iu kin:
x 1
x 2
>

<


t: t =
+
>

x 2
; t 0
x 1

(7)
+ s + s + s s s
2 2
6
t 5 t 6 5t t 5t 6 0 2 t 3
t

Vy:

+
+ + +
>
> >






+ + +
+

s s
s



x 2
x 2 x 2 4x 4
2
4 0
x 1
x 1 x 1
x 2 x 2 9x 9
x 2
9 0
3
x 1 x 1
x 1


< s

>



s s >

<

1 x 2
6 3x
0
11 11 x 1
x 2 x
8 11 8x 8
0
x 1 x 1

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 45
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (7) l
S =
(
(

11
; 2
8
.
8) iu kin:
> >
>

+ > >

2
x 2 0 x 2
x 2
(x 1)(x 2) 0 x x 2 0

(8)
( ) ( ) + + + > x 1 . x 2 2 x 2 2 x 1 0
( ) ( )
+ + > x 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 0
( )( )
+ > x 1 2 x 2 1 0

( )( )

+ >

>

+ =

+ <

<

x 1 2 0
x 2 1 0
x 1 2 x 2 1 0
x 1 2 0
x 2 1 0

+ >

>

+ <

<

x 1 4
x 2 1
x 3
x 1 4
x 2 1

>

<

x 3
x 3
x 3

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (8) l
S = [2 ; +).
9) iu kin: 0 x 2

(9)
+ +
> >
4x 3 2 x 2x 2 x 2x 3
0 0
x x

t: t = s = 2 x; 0 t 2
= =
2 2
t 2 x x 2 t

(9)
( )
+
+ +
> >

2
2
2 2
t 2 2 t 3
2t t 1
0 0
2 t 2 t

( )( )
+
>
+
(1 t)(2t 1)
0
2 t 2 t

>

1 t
0
2 t

| | + >

|
+ >

\ .
2t 1 0
Do :
t 2 0

s s

>
>

t 1
2 x 1
t 2
2 x 2

> s
s s


s >



<


> <

2 x 0 x 2
1 x 2
2 x 1 x 1
x 0
2 x 2 x 0

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 46
Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (9) l
S = ( ; 0) [1 ; 2].
10) +) iu kin:
>
>



=
=

x 1
x 1
x 5
x 1 x 3

V: x 1 = x 3
2
x 3
x 1 x 6x 9
>

= +


2
x 3
x 7x 10 0
>

+ =



x 3
x 2
x 5
>

x 5 =
+)
(10)
( )
2 x 1 12 6x x 1 3 x
0
2 x 1 3 x
+ +
>
+

x 1 9 5x
0
x 1 3 x
+
>
+

= t : t x 1; 0 t 2 s =
= = +
2 2
t x 1 x t 1

(10)
( )
( )
+ +
+ +
> >
+ + + +
2
2
2 2
t 9 5 t 1
5t t 4
0 0
t t 2 t 3 t 1

( )( )
( )( )
+

+
1 t 5t 4
t 1 2 t
> 0
| | + >

>
|
+ >

\ .
t 1 0
1 t
0 Do :
2 t 5t 4 0


>

s s s s

> >
>


>

x 1 0
t 1 x 1 1 1 x 2
x 1 1
t 2 x 5
x 1 2
x 1 4

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (10) l
S =
| | ( )
+ 1; 2 5 ; .
11) iu kin: s = 2 x 7

(11)
+ + + +
> >

x 2 5 x x 7 x 2 2 2x
0 0
x 7 x 7

= + s =
= + =
2 2
t : t x 2; 0 t 3
t x 2 x t 2

(11)
( )
+
+ +
> >

2
2
2 2
t 2 2 t 2
2t t 6
0 0
t 2 7 t 9

Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 47
( )( )
( )( )
| | + > +
> >
|
+ + >

\ .
2t 3 0 2 t 2t 3
2 t
0 0 Do :
t 3 t 3 t 3 t 3 0

+ > + > >

s <

+ < <
+ <

x 2 2 x 2 4 x 2
2 t 3
x 2 9 x 7
x 2 3

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (11) l
| )
= S 2 ; 7 .
12) iu kin:
=


s s >

2
x 0
x 0
1 1
x 1 4x 0
2 2

(12)

( )
( )

< + < +
2
2 2
1 1 4x
3 1 1 4x 4x 3 3 1 4x
x


2
3 1 4x 4x 3 > ; nghim ng { }

(
e
(

1 1
x ; \ 0
2 2

Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (12) l

| | (
=
|
(
. \
1 1
S ; 0 0 ;
2 2
.

Bi ton 4.
1) t: = + >
2
t x 1; t 1

(1)
( ) ( )
s + + >
2 2
4x 1 t 2t 2x 1 2t 4x 1 t 2x 1 0
+) ( )
2
2t 4x 1 t 2x 1 + l mt tam thc bc hai c nghim = =
1
t ; t 2x 1
2

+) Tr- ng hp 1: > >
1 3
2x 1 x
2 4

(1)

>
+ >

s
+ s


2
2
t 2x 1
x 1 2x 1
1
1
t
x 1 : v nghim
2
2

2
x 1 2x 1 + >
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 48
2 2
2x 1 0
2x 1 0
x 1 4x 4x 1
s

>

+ > +


2
1
x
2
1
x
2
3x 4x 0

>


1
x
2
1
x
2
4
0 x
3

>

s s

< s

1
x
4
2
x
3 1 4
x
2 3

Kt hp vi iu kin, c:
3 4
x
4 3
s s
+) Tr- ng hp 2: 2x 1 <
1
2
x <
3
4

(1)

1
t
2
t 2x 1

>


2
2
1
x 1
2
3
x 1 2x 1
4

+ >

+ s <

ng x
Khng c nghim tho mn x

+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt ph- ng trnh (1) l
S =
4
;
3
| (

(
\
.
2) t: t =
2
x 2x 3 + ; t 2
t
2
= x
2
2x + 3 x
2
+ 1 = t
2
+ 2x 2
( 2)

(x + 1)t t
2
+ 2x 2
2
t (x 1)t 2x 2 0 + + s
+) t
2
(x +1)t + 2x 2 l mt tam thc bc hai c nghim t = 2; t = x 1
+) Trng hp 1: x 1 2 x 3
( 2)

2 t x 1
2
2
x 2x 3 2
x 2x 3 x 1

+ >

+ s

V Nghim
(V:
2
x 2x 3 + =
2
(x 1) 2 + >
2
(x 1) = x 1 x 1)
+) Tr- ng hp 2: x 1 < 2 x 3 <
( 2)

x 1 t 2
2
2
x 2x 3 x 1
x 2x 3 2

+ >

+ s


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 49

2
x 2x 3 2 + s (V:
2
x 2x 3 + > x 1, x )
x
2
2x + 3 4 x
2
2x 1 0 1 2 x 1 + 2
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt phng trnh (2) l
S = 1 2 ; 1 2
(
+

.
3) t: t =
2
x 2x 3 + ; t 2
t
2
= x
2
2x + 3 x
2
+ 4x + 3 = t
2
+ 6x
(3)
t
2
+ 6x (3x +2 )t t
2
(3x + 2)t + 6x 0
+) t
2
(3x + 2)t + 6x l mt tam thc bc hai c nghim t = 2; t = 3x
+) Trng hp 1: 3x 2 x
2
3

(3)


t 3x
t 2
>


2
2 2
2
2
x 2x 3 3x
x 2x 3 9x
x 2x 3 4
x 2x 3 2

+ > + >



+ s
+ s



2
2
3 1
x 8x 2x 3 0
4 2
x 2x 1 0
1 2 x 1 2

s s + s

s s +


Kt hp iu kin, c:
2
x 1 2
3
s s +
+) Trng hp 2: 3x < 2 x <
2
3

(3)

t 2
t 3x
>


2
2
x 2x 3 2
x 2x 3 3x

+ >

+ s


2
2 2
x 2x 3 4
x 0
x 2x 3 9x
+ >

>

+ s

2
2
x 2x 1 0
x 0
8x 2x 3 0
>

>

+ >


x 1 2
x 1 2
x 0
1
x
2
3
x
4


> +

>

>


x 1 2
x 1 2
1
x
2

> +

>


1
x
2
x 1 2

>


Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 50
Kt hp iu kin, c: x 1 2 s ,
1 2
x
2 3
s <
+) Kt lun: tp nghim bt phng trnh (3) l
S =
(
; 1 2
(



1
; 1 2
2
(
+
(

.

Bi ton 5.
1) iu kin: x 1
Lp lun tm c tp nghim bt phng trnh (1) l: S = { 1 }.

2) +) 2x
3
+ x
2
4x + 4 = (x + 2)(2x
2
3x +2)
iu kin: 2x
3
+ x
2
4x + 4 0 x + 2 0 x 2
+)
3 2 2
2x x 4x 4 x 2. 2x 3x 2 + + = + +
2
x 2 2x 3x 2
2
+ + +
s

3 2
2x x 4x 4 + + x
2
x + 2
Du = xy ra x 2 + =
2
2x 3x 2 +
2
x 2
x 2 2x 3x 2
>


+ = +



2
x 2
2x 4x 0
>


x 2
x 0
x 0
x 2
x 2
>


+)
(2)

3 2
2x x 4x 4 + + x
2
x + 2

3 2
2x x 4x 4 + + = x
2
x + 2
x 0
x 2
=


Vy tp nghim bt phng trnh (2) l: S = {0 ; 2}.

3) +) iu kin: 2 x 4
+) x
2
6x + 11 = (x 3)
2
+ 2 2.
x
2
6x + 11 = 2 x = 3
+)
( )
2
x 2 4 x + (1 + 1)(x 2 + 4 x) = 4
Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 51
x 2 + 4 x 2
x 2 + 4 x = 2 x 2 = 4 x x 2 = 4 x x = 3
+)
(3)


x 2 + 4 x = x
2
6x + 11 = 2 x = 3
Vy tp nghim bt phng trnh (3) l: S = { 3 }.
4) t: t = x
2
6x + 9 ; t 0
(4)
t 9 +
t 6
t 2
+
+

+)
t 6
t 2
+
+
=
t 2 4
t 2
+ +
+
= 1 +
4
t 2 +
1 +
4
2
= 3
+) t 9 + 9 = 3
+)
(4)
t 9 + =
t 6
t 2
+
+
= 3 t = 0
x
2
6x + 9 = 0 (x 3)
2
= 0 x = 3
Vy tp nghim bt phng trnh (4) l: S = { 3 }.
5) +) iu kin: 3 x 4
+) (x 3)(5 x) = x
2
+ 8x 15 = 1 (x 4)
2
1
(x 3)(5 x) = 1 x = 4
+)
( )
2
x 3 4 x + = x 3 + 4 x + 2 x 3 . 4 x
= 1 + 2 x 3 . 4 x 1
x 3 4 x + 1. Du = xy ra
x 3
x 4
=


+)
(5)
+ x 3 4 x = (x 3)(5 x) = 1 x = 4
Vy tp nghim bt phng trnh (5) l: S = { 4 }.







Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 52

Mc lc

Trang

Dng 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Dng 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Dng 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Dng 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Dng 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Dng 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Dng 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Dng 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Dng 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30




Ti liu tham kho

1. Sch bi tp ton lp 10
2. Cc sch gii thiu thi tuyn sinh i hc, Cao ng
3. Cc sch v ph- ng trnh, bt ph- ng trnh, h ph- ng trnh








Nguyn Quc Hon THPT Nguyn Gia Thiu

H 53

Kt lun

Trn y l sng kin kinh nghim do ti c rt - c trong qu trnh
ging dy Ton lp 10. Ti thy hc sinh hc tp rt ho hng v say m, nn
kt qu thu - c nh- sau: v bn thn cng yu thch cng vic ging dy v
nghin cu khoa hc; v hc sinh th hc tt hn, nhiu hc sinh bnh th- ng
tr ln kh, hc sinh kh gii cng gii hn. V quan trng hn hc sinh yu
thch mn ton v c gng hc tt cc phn khc ca mn ton na.

Mc d bn thn rt c gng, nh- ng trong qu trnh vit sng kin
kinh nghim c th khng trnh ht nhng thiu st ng tic, rt mong nhn
- c gp xy dng ca cc thy gio c gio, nhng ng- i quan tm n
mn ton v s nghip gio dc sng kin kinh nghim ny ngy cng hon
thin hn v ph bin hn.

Xin trn trng cm n.


H Ni, ngy 19 / 5 / 2010
Ng- i vit




Nguyn Quc Hon

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