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CU TO NGUYN T Cu 17: Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t X c tng s ht c bn (p,n,e) l 82, bit s ht mang Cu 1 (A-12): Nguyn t R to c cation R+. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R+ in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 22. K hiu ho hc ca X l : ( trng thi c bn) l 2p6. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l A. 5726Fe B. 5527Co C. 5728Ni D. 5626Fe + 2+ 22 2 6 A. 11. B. 10. C. 22. D. 23. Cu 18: Cc ion Na , Mg , O , F u c cu hnh electron l 1s 2s 2p . Th t gim dn bn Cu 2: Mt ion N2- c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. Hi trng thi c bn, nguyn knh ca cc ion trn l t N c bao nhiu electron c thn ? A. Na+ > Mg2+ > F- > O2-. B. Mg2+ > Na+ > F- > O2-. + 2+ 2A. 4 B. 6 C. 2 D. 3 C. F > Na > Mg > O . D. O2-> F- > Na+ > Mg2+. Cu 3: Cho bit st c s hiu nguyn t l 26. Cu hnh electron ca Fe2+ l Cu 19: Vi ht no sau y c s proton nhiu hn s electron ? A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6 B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d4 A. Nguyn t l hunh (S) B. Ion clorua (Cl-) C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2 D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 C. Nguyn t Na (Na) D. Ion kali (K+) Cu 4 iu khng nh no sau y l sai ? Cu 20: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s electron trong cc phn lp p l 8. Nguyn t ca A. Ht nhn nguyn t c cu to nn bi cc ht proton, electron, ntron. nguyn t Y c tng s ht mang in nh hn tng s ht mang in ca X l 12. Cc nguyn t B. Trong nguyn t s ht proton bng s ht electron. X v Y l C. S khi A l tng s proton (Z) v tng s ntron (N). A. Mg v Ca. B. Si v O. C. Al v Cl. D. Na v S. D. Nguyn t c cu to nn bi cc ht proton, electron, ntron. Cu 21: Cu hnh electron ca cc nguyn t c s hiu Z=3, Z=11, Z=19 c c im chung l Cu 5: Nguyn t nguyn t X c cu hnh electron xy dng n phn lp 3d 2. S electron A. c 1 electron lp ngoi cng B. c 3 electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t nguyn t X l C. c 2 electron lp ngoi cng D. p n khc A. 18. B. 24. C. 20. D. 22. Cu 22: C cc pht biu sau: (1). Bt c ht nhn nguyn t no u cha proton v ntron ; Cu 6: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron phn lp p l 17. Nguyn t X l (2). Trong mt nguyn t s proton lun lun bng s electron ; (3). Trong ht nhn nguyn t s A. brom. B. agon. C. lu hunh. D. clo. proton lun lun bng s ntron ; (4). Trong cation bt k, s electron t hn s proton ; (5). Bt c Cu 7: Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong hai nguyn t ca nguyn t X v Y l 96 trong ht nhn no t s gia s ntron v s proton lun 1 v < 1,52. Nhng pht biu khng ng l tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mang in l 32. S ht mang in ca A. 3, 5. B. 1, 3, 4. C. 1, 3, 5. D. 2, 4, 5. nguyn t Y nhiu hn ca X l 16. X v Y ln lt l: Cu 23: 2 nguyn t M v N c s hiu nguyn t ln lt l 11 v 13. Cu hnh ca M v N l A. Mg v Ca B. Be v Mg C. Ca v Sr D. Na v Ca A. 1s22s22p63s1 v 1s22s22p63s23p1 B. 1s22s22p63s1 v 1s22s22p63s2 Cu 8: Nguyn t ca nguyn t B c tng s ht c bn l 34. S ht mang in gp 1,8333 ln C. 1s22s22p63s1 v 1s22s22p63s3 D. 1s22s22p7 v 1s22s22p63s2 s ht khng mang in. Nguyn t B l: Cu 24: Nguyn t nguyn t X c phn mc nng lng cao nht l 3p. Y cng c phn lp 3p A. Na (Z = 11) B. Mg (Z = 12) C. Al (Z = 13) D. Cl (Z = 17) v c 1 e lp ngoi cng. Bit X nhiu hn Y 2e th X v Y ln lt l Cu 9: Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong 2 nguyn t kim loi X v Y l 142, trong A. X, Y l kim loi B. X l kim loi, Y l phi kim tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mng in l 42. S ht mang in ca C. X l kh him, Y l phi kim D. X l phi kim, Y l kim loi nguyn t Y nhiu hn ca nguyn t X l 12. Hai kim loi X v Y l: Cu 25: Trong cc cu sau y, cu no sai ? A. Al v Fe B. Ca v Fe B. Na v Al D. Ca v Mg A. Electron l ht mang in tch m. Cu 10: Bit cc electron ca nguyn t lu hunh c phn b trn 3 lp electron (K, L, M), B. Electron c khi lng 9,1095.10-28g. lp ngoi cng c 6 electron. S electron lp L trong nguyn t l hunh l : C. Electron c khi lng ng k so vi khi lng nguyn t A. 8 B. 6 C. 10 D. 12 D. Electron ch thot ra khi nguyn t trong nhng iu kin c bit. Cu 11: Cc ng v ca cng mt nguyn t ho hc c phn bit bi i lng no sau y? Cu 26: Anion X- v cation Y2+ u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s 23p6. V tr ca cc A. S proton. B. S electron ho tr C. S lp electron D. S notron nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l Cu 12: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t biu din A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. A. th t gim dn cc mc v phn mc nng lng ca cc electron B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. B. th t tng dn cc mc v phn mc nng lng ca cc electron C. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA. C. s phn b electron trn cc phn lp, cc lp khc nhau D. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. D. s chuyn ng ca electron trong nguyn t Cu 27: Cho bit cu hnh electron ca X v Y ln lt l : 1s 22s22p63s23p3 v 1s22s22p63s23p64s1. Cu 13: Nguyn t M c in tch ht nhn l 3,2.10-18 C. Cu hnh electron ca ion M2+ l Nhn xt no sau y l ng ? A. 1s22s22p63s23p6 B. 1s22s22p63s23p4 C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 D. 1s22s22p6 A. X v Y u l kim loi B. X l 1 phi kim cn Y l 1 kim loi Cu 14: Mt nguyn t c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 4s 1. Nguyn t thuc v cc C. X v Y u l cc phi kim D. X v Y u l cc kh him nguyn t ho hc no sau y ? Cu 28: in tch dng ht nhn ca nguyn t nguyn t M l 3,84.10 -18 culong. S e c thn A. Cu, Cr, K B. Cr, K, Ca C. . K, Ca, Cu D. Cu, Mg, K ca nguyn t M l? Cu 15: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp p l 11. Nguyn t X thuc loi : A. 2. B. 6. C. 5. D. 4. A. nguyn t d B. nguyn t s C. nguyn t p D. nguyn t f Cu 29: nh ngha no sau y v nguyn t ho hc l ng? Cu 16: Hp cht M c tao thanh t cation X + v anion Y2-. Mi ion u do 5 nguyn t cua 2 Nguyn t ho hc l tp hp cc nguyn t nguyn t tao nn. Tng s proton trong X+ la 11, con tng s electron trong Y2- la 50. Hp cht M A. c cng s notron trong ht nhn B. c cng in tch ht nhn cha 4 nguyn t l C. c cng s khi D. c cng nguyn t khi A. N, Cl, H, O. B. Na, H, O, C. C. K, H, O, P. D. H, S, O, N.
A. X va Z co cung s khi B. X, Y thuc cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc C. X va Y co cung s ntron D. X, Z la 2 ng vi cua cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc Cu 54: Trong t nhin Ar c 3 ng v bn l 36Ar, 38Ar, 40Ar vi % s nguyn t ln lt l 0,335%, 0,063% v 99,6%. Bit rng nguyn t khi ca cc ng v trng vi s khi ca chng. Th tch ca 5 g Ar ktc bng: A. 0,280 dm3 B. 2,800 dm3 C. 0,208 dm3 D. 2,803 dm3 Cu 55(A-11): Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm 3. Gi thit rng, trong tinh th canxi cc nguyn t l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh nguyn t canxi tnh theo l thuyt l A. 0,155nm. B. 0,185 nm. C. 0,196 nm. D. 0,168 nm. Cu 56: Bn knh nguyn t v khi lng mol ca nguynt Fe ln lt l 0,128 nm v 56 gam/mol. Bit rng trong tinh th Fe ch chim 74% v th tch, cn li l phn rng. Khi lng ring ca Fe l A. 7,84 g/cm3 B. 8,74 g/cm3 C. 7,78 g/cm3 D. 7,48 g/cm3 Cu 57: Hp cht A c cng thc MX n trong M chim 46,67% v khi lng. M l kim loi cn A l phi kim thuc chu k 3. Trong ht nhn ca M c n p = 4, trong ht nhn ca X c n = p. Tng s proton trong MXn l 58. Hai nguyn t M v X l A. Fe v S B. Mg v Si C. Mg v S D. Fe v Cl Cu 58: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht mang in ca mt nguyn t Y nhiu hn s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t X v Y ln lt l (bit s hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t: Na = 11; Al = 13; P = 15; Cl = 17; Fe = 26): A. Al v P B. Fe v Cl C. Al v Cl D. Na v Cl