Listen To Shortwave Broadcasts On An AM Radio

Listen to Shortwave Broadcasts on an AM Radio
http://www.instructables.com/id/Listen-to-Shortwave-Broadcasts-on-a...
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1 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
The larger radio is my Sangean ATS-803A shortwave receiver. The smaller radio in the foreground is a travel alarm/AM-FM radio from the late 1980s. I converted it to receive shortwave frequencies between 4 and 9 MHz and used it that way for a while. You can make a like conversion on an AM radio you own. For those with a deeper interest: Once while vacationing in Oregon I heard a broadcast from Radio Australia about a radio operator on a naval ship who learned to recognize the "fist" or touch of wireless operators from other ships before he heard their call signs. When WW II was about to break out the German radiomen ceased using their call signs to hide the identity of their ships and their location, but he knew each one from his distinctive "fist" on the Morse code key. The radio signals also modulated in a distinctive way when a ship was transmitting from one particular area. Not only could he identify the German ships from the way the radiomen tapped out their Morse code, but he also knew exactly where some of the ships were located at the time. This is just an example of things you can hear on shortwave broadcasts.
Step 1 Not as popular as before
2 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
Shortwave frequencies bounce off of the ionosphere and return to earth halfway around the world. It is easy to receive broadcasts from another continent; depending on conditions, time of day, signal strength, and target area for the broadcast. Pictured is the Passport to World Band Radio. A new edition is published each year. It is a yellow pages guide to international broadcasts. Unfortunately, shortwave broadcasts are not as available as a couple of decades ago. This is due to budget cuts and the Internet. Now you can download Podcasts from many national broadcasters. These Podcasts are in FM quality and without the static interferences associated with shortwave broadcasts. Still, there is a certain romance from listening to a radio signal from the other side of the globe.
Step 2 Open your radio
Select a radio with analog, not digital, tuning. Open the back of the radio. Look for the ferrite rod antenna and the condenser or capacitor tuning block. The ferrite rod is the black rod with flesh colored wire wrapped around it. (See the top of the photo.) The tuning block is the translucent plastic block you see with trimmer screws on the back surface of it. There are solder tabs around the tuning block. A boom box works better for this project than a small radio because the much larger ferrite rod pulls in a better signal.
3 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
Step 3 Magnet wire
Get some magnet wire from an old motor, ballast, or transformer. Or, you can buy a set of small spools from Radio Shack. #26 is about the right size. The pencil included in the photo is for scale better to perceive the size of the wire. Cut a piece about six inches long and scrape about 1/8 inch or more bare on each end.
Step 4 Loosely wrap seven turns of wire
Wrap seven turns of magnet wire around the flesh-colored coil on the ferrite rod antenna. The turns can be a little loose. Spread the turns out as evenly as possible over the length of the flesh-colored coil.
Step 5 The circuit
4 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
Below is an electrical diagram of what you are trying to accomplish. The easiest radio for this conversion has only an AM band. Then you can solder the ends of the wire you wrapped to the tuning block terminals where the very fine wires from the flesh-colored antenna coil attach to the tuning block. It is a little more complicated when the radio also has an FM band with additional connections to the tuning block. The trick is to find the two tabs on the tuning block for the AM band. A good clue is when local AM stations are no longer heard as you tune across the radio dial. Attach ten to twenty feet of wire to one end of the small coil you added. This will lay across the floor as an antenna. Close the back of the radio. It is possible that a radio you have will not work with this conversion. I have just such a radio, but have also successfully converted several other radios. Reception is generally limited to hours of darkness. Evening will be the best time. Tuning can be difficult. Stations may be no more than a blip on the dial, requiring a constant gentle pressure from one side or the other on the knob or wheel to hear the broadcast. A smaller radio may require earphones in order to hear. A boom box will be easier to tune and to hear without an earphone. I knew a Chinese couple and offered to convert their boom box's AM band for shortwave. I finished the project and gave it back to them four days before the massacre at Tiannamen Square happened. Every evening after they closed their business they were glued to their radio. Radio Taiwan gave accurate reporting. Radio Bejing glossed over the story and played classical music. Both had relatives in Bejing (Peking). Not only had I experienced a success with the conversion, but I helped out this couple and they were very appreciative. 73 comments Add Comment
1-40 of 73 next Sep 30, 2012. 5:15 PM
BigBadgers2001
says:
This is brilliant. I have dug out my old Realistic DX-350 and started listening to SW. It is fascinating. If I did this to a AM radio for my kids to play with, would there be a way to make it switchable to preserve AM functionality or does the loose coil adversly effect the AM signal?
Reply
5 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
Phil B (author) says:

222
Sep 30, 2012. 6:24 PM
I expect you could put a switch on the coil windings you add. Try disconnecting one leg to see if that works. If it does not, try disconnecting the other end of the coil and see if that works. Add a single pole or a double pole switch according to what you find. You will need to help your kids understand tuning an SW station on a modified radio like this requires a lot of patience because a signal is just a blip on the dial. I do not listen to much SW radio now because broadcasts I would want to hear are available now as Podcasts I can hear on my schedule in much better quality than I got with SW radio. Thank you for your comment and for looking. I hope you and your kids find enjoyment and success in your efforts.
Reply
Chakazuluu says:
Feb 26, 2012. 12:33 PM
Wow you brought back some memories. When I was in elementary school (I am 70 now) my father had an old stand up Philco Am and shortwave radio. I sandwiched a piece of aluminum foil between two pieces of card board with two screws connecting the two antennae wires and put it under the dial phone we had. It brought in some amazing frequencies. I think I will do this with an old AM radio I have. Thanks for the memory.
Reply

222
Feb 26, 2012. 2:22 PM
You are four years older than I am. We had a similar radio, but ours was a Zenith. For whatever reason, I do not remember ever getting a shortwave broadcast on ours. At the time I do not think I knew to attach an external antenna. I am guessing that what you did coupled with the telephone lines by capacitance to make use of them as an antenna. Thank you for looking. I hope you are able to make your old AM radio receive some shortwave broadcasts. I think I may have mentioned it worked pretty easily on one radio, but not so easily on another radio I still have. Shortwave has been a lot of fun. Regrettably, the band is not nearly as full in recent years, although at night I still hear a number of things in Spanish. Radio Havana broadcasts in English and there are some Christian broadcasters. I miss things like Radio Canada, Radio Austria, Radio Australia, etc. Thank you for looking.
Reply
Chakazuluu says:
Feb 26, 2012. 6:03 PM
Now that you mention it ours was a Zenith also I thought it was a Philco but when you mentioned Zenith suddenly the memory came back. I got the aluminum foil antennae idea from a short blurb in Science and Mechanics.
Reply

222
Feb 26, 2012. 6:40 PM
If you go to this link, I think the radio shown is very close to the one we had, if not identical to it. Several details I remember correspond. I am not sure of other details.
Reply
Chakazuluu says:
Feb 26, 2012. 9:42 PM
Oh my goodness I can't believe this it is precisely the same radio we had. It is like you took me back in time and opened up a flood of memories that was seemingly forgotten. It is like a door to the past has been opened and I can see situations and occurrences clearly that was fuzzy and inconclusive. I need to ponder on this for a bit.
Reply
6 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
Miketan323
says:
Jul 8, 2011. 8:00 PM
Its weird, I'm picking up stations in the 10-15 kHz range. Hmmmmm...
Reply

222
Jul 9, 2011. 5:04 AM
Good for you. It is working. You have shifted your radio's frequency range to the 10 to 15 MHz range. My experience with my radio was the 4 to 9 MHz range, as best I could tell. Perhaps it is a difference in radio circuitry.
Reply
onlinemastering
1
says:
Mar 21, 2011. 3:18 AM
I have to admit being a bit of a "anorak" myself and still like to tune round the SW bands at night. I especially like it as you do not know what new ethnic music you might discover next, very entertaining.cheers online mastering
Reply
Johenix
says:
Jan 18, 2011. 9:00 PM
Recognizing CW operators by 'FIST' dates back to the American Civil War (War of Northren Agression) when a Confederate telegrapher spotted the strange sending of a Union intercept tap operator and sent: "Get off the line you damn yankee!"
Reply
elias.alberto
says:
Jun 28, 2010. 10:37 PM
I have a huge digital Aiwa stereo on my living room, it can tune Am, FM and SW but I've never been interested on SW. Gonna attach its antenna and try to listen to it sometime. :)
Reply
charlieb000
2
says:
Apr 22, 2010. 3:58 AM
i have a car radio i bought ages ago but never installed. it is not PLL, but very simple. it has little coils soldered into the board near the tuning cap but no ferrite. it also has a few (maybe six) metal boxes with painted ferrite inside. how can i convert this? it would make an excellent reciever as the tuning knob is really geared down and takes 16-20 turns to go accross the band. i guess i can do it as instructed with some ferrite, but the tuning cap has six pins and i dont know which to join to it.
Reply

222
Apr 22, 2010. 7:00 AM
I do not know enough about car radios to say if it is possible. You can, however, order a shortwave converter for your car radio. Here is one link. But, it is not cheap--about $165.
Reply
nutsandbolts_64
17
says:
Apr 19, 2010. 11:25 PM
I found this i'ble just in time. I have an on-going project on pause so I think I'm gonna turn it into a shortwave radio to pick up my friend's Morse code.
Reply

222
Apr 20, 2010. 6:04 AM
It should do that for you. This makes an interesting receiver. But, it is not always a great receiver. I hope it does what you need.
Reply
nutsandbolts_64
If I can find it that is.
17
says:
Apr 20, 2010. 11:12 PM
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7 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
gccradioscience
says:
Jan 23, 2010. 4:15 PM
I used to get SW stations back in 1991 with a cheap $20 radio, but the radio fell apart, but I have kept in touch with the world. The radio was a portable Windsor TV/AM/FM/Weather radio. I also had a friend that was picking up shortwave broadcasts on his AM/FM clock radio until I told him to put the ferrite rod back in place. It was a new come back experience. Now I feel I might experiment again.
Reply

222
Jan 24, 2010. 5:40 AM
Thank you for trying this modification and reporting back that it worked for you. It makes a crude shortwave receiver without some of the circuit refinements in modern receivers, like spurious signal rejection and phase locked loop (PLL) controlled tuners. Your friend's experience with the presence or absence of the ferrite rod on his clock radio is interesting. The early 1990s was the height of my shortwave listening experiences. The number of stations I am able to receive currently is only a shadow of what was available 20 years ago. But, I now download Podcasts from some of those same stations and convert them to CDs I can play in my car. My aim was to improve at understanding spoken German. Although I miss the shortwave broadcasts, the audio quality on the Podcasts is far superior to anything I ever heard on shortwave. (During the first Gulf War I once heard a news item on shortwave that did not make the news reports in the USA until two days later!)
Reply
gccradioscience
says:
Jan 23, 2010. 6:50 PM
I tried it, it works very good, except it drifts alot, it takes patience to tune and experimentation. I also used one of my indoor shortwave radio antennas. What a great way to get access to world band on a radio you do not use. Great Job!
Reply
static
says:
Oct 3, 2009. 1:34 AM
For whatever reason I was lead back to this instructable, so I thought I would search out and post some links for the noobs. I did find a schematic for the typical transistor radio here http://my.integritynet.com.au/purdic/am_rec.htm . Go here to find the link to part 2 it's in the left column as you scroll down the page. You can read the USN electricity and electronics train publications here http://www.tpub.com/content/neets/http://www.tpub.com/content/neets/ The documents can be downloaded free as well, but I can't find my bookmark for doing so. OK here it is, this will keep nerds busy for awhile.
Reply
static
says:
Oct 3, 2009. 2:16 PM
Came back to get an url I failed to bookmark, and notice errors in my post, Exclamation deleted. Read the USN training docs here http://www.tpub.com/neets/ Download them here http://www.tech-systems-labs.com/navy.htm
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 5, 2009. 12:57 PM
Very interesting Instructable! How does the addition of a seven-turn winding on top of the existing antenna enable shortwave reception?
Reply

222
Aug 5, 2009. 4:31 PM
Reading about tuning circuits, also known as tank circuits, answers the question. A tank circuit is a variable capacitor in parallel with an inductance (coil of wire). At a specific frequency an inductance has a unique amount of resistance, also known as reactance, to a signal current traveling through it. Reactance from a capacitor works to cancel the reactance from an inductor. Turning the shaft on a tuning capacitor changes the capacitive reactance presented to the signal current until the point is found at which the capacitive reactance cancels the inductive reactance for
8 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47
that frequency. At that point all frequencies above or below this signal current frequency are attenuated, or blocked. Only the desired frequency passes to the rest of the radio circuit. Adding a few turns to the coil on the ferrite rod changes the inductance so that a different frequency passes when the tuning capacitor is in a particular position. In this case, seven turns was about the right amount to throw the range of frequencies that can be tuned into the 4 MHz to 9 MHz shorwave range. I like to think of the front wheels on an automobile. Let us say both have a serious amount of toe in. The left wheel wants to push the car to the right. The right wheel wants to push the car to the left. At some position the steering wheel is able to make the car go straight down the road. Change the toe in on either wheel, and a new position on the steering wheel needs to be found for the car to travel straight.
Reply
riverreaper
1
says:
Aug 14, 2009. 9:10 PM
(removed by author or community request)
static
says:
Oct 2, 2009. 11:24 PM
Repost to correct a typo. What they had you construct was a common mode choke. To choke any RF on the outside of the coax braid, so it wouldn't act as a radiator. Sometimes it helps with RFI problems, sometime it doesn't. Yes inductors(coils) do many things, our modern world wouldn't exist without them. so it would act corrected to so it wouldn't act.
Reply

222
Aug 14, 2009. 9:26 PM
Radio experimenters sometimes add coils to antennae to preselect the desired frequency and attenuate undesired frequencies. This is supposed to be a helper for the tank circuit and may make it possible for weak stations to be received. It does not change the range of frequencies the radio can receive. The inductance I added to the tuning or tank circuit had the effect of changing the range of frequencies the radio could receive. So, it is not quite the same as what you did.
Reply
66411
says:
Aug 14, 2009. 9:54 PM
Another good way to learn about tank circuits is to build a spark gap Tesla coil, by changing the length of the primary coil, you change the frequency that it generates. For maximum efficiency, you want the capacitor and coil to resonate at the same frequency. I find that this website offers a good explanation on the operation of a Tesla coil.
Reply
static
says:
Aug 17, 2009. 11:06 PM
Then again the coil diameter. wire size and spacing/pitch as well as the capacitor values all effect the resonant frequency of tank circuits. No doubt some where on the web are good tech training videos that illustrate well what's going on in a tank circuit, and component value ply into the whole thing. The old black and white army/navy films help out a lot.
Reply

222
Aug 16, 2009. 5:44 AM
Thanks for the comment and the information. Tesla coils have always seemed interesting, but I never pursued them.
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 6, 2009. 6:46 PM
Thanks, thats fascinating! I'll have to investigate those tank circuits further. In this example, the added coil is in parallel with the existing one. Would it make any difference if the seven turns were in series with the coil?
Reply
9 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47

222
Aug 6, 2009. 8:00 PM
I am glad my feeble explanation made sense to you. Watch out, though. Soon you will be stealing time from your other responsibilities to read tattered electronics books you found in dark corners at libraries and bookstores. On garbage day you will sneak around your neighborhood looking for discarded electronic devices that you will carry home under your coat so you can hide them in your room until you think you are alone and have time to coax out their secrets. Adding a coil in series would change the inductance, but perhaps not as much or in the same way. I do not know.
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 7, 2009. 2:11 PM
Thanks. I already have an old Beta VCR under my bed, (in addition to a lot of assorted computer and electronic junk)!
Reply

222
Aug 7, 2009. 5:18 AM
If you "rescue" any old TVs from the curb for parts or experimentation, be very careful. The tube acts like a large capacitor and holds a deadly charge for a very long time. Get some good instruction on how to discharge it safely. On the bright side, many TVs have a small fuse on the circuit board. There are folks who discard a TV without checking to see if the problem was only an inexpensive fuse.
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 7, 2009. 2:18 PM
That's good advice. Be careful with CRT computer monitors, too, as they also contain large capacitors. Thanks for the fuse tip. It just might come in handy some time!
Reply

222
Aug 7, 2009. 4:07 PM
If you liked the way tank circuits work, have you ever read about superheterodyne radio circuits and why they are superior to tuned radio frequency or regenerative radio circuits? I really enjoyed learning about superheterodyne circuits.
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 7, 2009. 6:43 PM
I believe I did ,once, but I didn't really understand what the book was talking about. Recently, I was given a large quantity of old electronics books which I hope to go through when I get the time.
Reply

222
Aug 7, 2009. 8:39 PM
At the risk of boring you with unsolicited commentary, a tuned radio frequency set tunes in a station, strips audio away from the radio frequency and amplifies it to make sound. A TRF circuit is fairly easy to build, but it works pretty well at some radio frequencies while not working very well at others you may want to tune in. A guy named Armstrong solved the problem when he came up with the superheterodyne radio. It adds something called a beat frequency oscillator. Imagine you hear a musical note. It has a frequency. Suppose a second note is played at the same time. One beats against the other and the two blend together to make a sound at a frequency different from either of the original two. Suppose you could manufacture and manipulate a frequency to beat against the frequency of the radio station you want to hear so that the combination of the two frequencies always resulted in the same final output frequency, regardless of what station you want to hear. You could then build all of the detection and amplifying stages of the radio to handle this one frequency very efficiently. You could do this because you are changing the beat frequency as you tune the radio so that the combination of it and the station's broadcast frequency is always the same. That is why modern radios have two sections in the tuning condenser. One section tunes the tank circuit and the other tunes the beat frequency oscillator.
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26.10.2012 17:47
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static
says:
Aug 17, 2009. 10:10 PM
Actually the second capacitor section tunes the local oscillator. While the local oscillator output frequency beats against the frequency of the desired signal to create the intermediate frequency, the Beat Frequency Oscillator, serves another function. While every superhet receiver has a least one local oscillator very few have the BFO. Only receivers that are constructed with CW (Morse code) and simple (poor) Single Side Band reception in mind, have the BFO. While these simple tricks do allow a medium frequency broadcast band receiver receive broad cast signals in the short wave bands, it's a trial and error process, where what works on radio may not work on another.
Reply
Infinitevortex
says:
Aug 8, 2009. 7:32 AM
Very interesting, and it wasn't boring. Thankyou!

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Phil B I miss the days when magazines like Popular Mechanics had all sorts of DIY projects for making and repairing posting things I have learned and done since I got my...
11 von 11
26.10.2012 17:47

Listen To Shortwave Broadcasts On An AM Radio

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