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Sn xut nhin liu sinh hc theo cng ngh Fischer-Tropsch

Qu trnh tng hp vi tn gi Fischer-Tropsch (FT) c pht minh t nm 1923 bi hai nh ha hc c F. Fischer v H. Tropsch thuc Vin nghin cu than Kaiser Wilhelm (Mulheim, c)

Franz Fischer (tri) v Hans Tropsch (phi).

Nh my Fischer-Tropsch Oberhausen, nm 1936. OXEA Deutschland GmbH.

Trn c s cc kh trong m than, pht minh ca Fischer-Tropsch cho php bin cc cht kh thnh nhin liu lng theo phn ng:

CO + 2H2 -(CH2)- + H2O

Cc cht xc tc quan trng nht da trn cc nguyn t st (Fe) hoc Cobalt (Co).

Ty theo iu kin, cc sn phm to ra bao gm cc Hydrocacbon nh (C1 - C2), LPG (C3 - C4), naphtha (C5 - C11), diesel (C12 - C20), hoc sp (>C20).

Phng php Fischer Tropsch

GTL process using the Fischer Tropsch method

m bo hiu qu v gim chi ph, cc nh my sn xut theo cng ngh PT thng c xy dng gn cng hoc knh rch ln vn chyn bng ng thy thay cho vn chuyn bng ng b.

Nguyn liu: Sn xut kh tng hp theo cng ngh Fischer-Tropsch cn mt s lng ln sinh khi, v vy g v rm r l hai vt liu quan trng pht trin k thut ny. Cht thi hu c t ngi v ng vt cng c th sn xut nhng s lng t. Sinh khi thc vt thng c s lng ln v l ngun c th ti to.

Thu gom: Dng xe ti thu gom sinh khi: Chi ph vn chuyn cao (Vt liu rm c s lng ln nhng mt nng lng khng nhiu). Chuyn i c v rm thnh bn sinh hc thng qua thit b Flash- Pyrolysis : gip nn cht rm gim chi ph vn chuyn v gip x l d dng hn. Chuyn i g bng qu trnh Torrefaction hoc nhit phn mt ln na trc khi vn chuyn bng tu n cc c s sn xut.

C hai phng thc nhit phn sn xut Biosyngas (H2 v CO) t sinh khi: - dng nhit thp (800-1000 C) c cht xc tc b sung - hoc dng nhit cao (1200-1400 C) khng cn xc tc

Cn hai thp phn ng hot ng khong 800-1000C. H2 v CO thng hnh thnh ~ 50% v 50% cn li l CH4 v hydrocarbon hch di hn (hydrocarbon thm).

Phng php th hai thng i hi nhit cao ti 1200C1400 C Ch cn mt tha1po nhit phn. Tt c cc sinh khi hon ton chuyn i thnh CO& H2.

Hnh 6.5 S dng ca kh tng hp ti u / qu trnh sn xut du diesel sinh hc FT.

Nhin liu 10%

Sn phm ha hc

Vn chuyn Cng nghip Dn dng Sn xut in nng

Dung mi Nguyn liu sn xut ha cht -Cht bi trn. -Nha/Polymer -Si & cao su tng hp -Cht ty ra -Phn bn

90%

Global annual consumption 4,000 MMT

Oil refinery

Bottled gases

Fractional distillation
Gasoline

Petrochemical industry
Alkenes, aromatics cracking & reforming Petrochemicals Raw materials

Distilling tower

Kerosene Diesel oil Lubricants, waxes, tar,

Products

Crude oil

>700 degrees F

Du th

Nhin liu

Nguyn liu cng nghip Petrochemistry

Nguyn liu th

San phm

Thc vt

Sinh khi
(fuel)

Hat
(feedstocks for industry)

Biotechnology

Du, protein, tinh bt


Biotechnology

Nhin liu & San phm phu

World Plant Oil Production

Olive Coconut 2% 3% Palm Kernel 4% Cottonseed 4% Peanut 4% Sunflower 9%

Palm 31%

Soybean 28%

Rapeseed 15%

124 triu tn
Source: USDA

Epoxy Fatty Acid Acetylenic Fatty Acid

Cyclopropane Fatty Acid

Petroselenic Fatty Acid

Crepis palaestina Conjugated Fatty Acid Crepis alpina Medium chain Fatty Acid Sterculia foetida

Coriandrum sativum
Wax ester

Very long chain Fatty Acid

Aleurites fordii Hydroxy Fatty Acid Cuphea lanceolata

Simmondsia chinensis

Limnanthes douglasii Conjugated Fatty Acid

Riccinus comunis

Momordica charantica

Hydroxy Fatty Acid

Riccinus comunis Isolate genes for fatty acid biosynthesis

Genes

Transfer genes to plants with improved agronomic traits

Sau khi ti u hoa cu truc hoa hc ca mt s du thc vt, kh nng sn xut du se tr nn hiu qu kinh t cao va co th thu c vi sn lng ln p ng nhu cu thi trng !

Cac loai du ky thut c th sn xut t du thc vt


Acetylenic f. acid
(polymers, mc in, my phm, dc liu)

Hydroxy f. acid
(Cht bi trn, my phm, dc liu)

Epoxy f. acid
(cht phu b mt, cht deo, resins)

Medium chain f. acid


(Cht tay ra)

conjugated f. acids
(superior drying oils)

Wax esters
(cht bi trn)

C s sinh hoa hoc ap dung cng ngh sinh hoc cai thit du sinh hoc

Oleic fatty acid


O

Hydroxylase
O

Hydroxy fatty acid


PC
O H

PC

-12 desaturase
O

Acetylenase

Acetylenic fatty acid O


PC

PC

Epoxygenase
O

Linoleic Conjugase
O

PC

Epoxy fatty acid

Conjugated fatty acid

PC

Mt s oi hoi khi ap dung CNSH ci thin cht lng du thc vt


Cht lng tt Gi thnh hp l Tn dung c c s cng ngh ch bin hin hu. Hn ch nguy c nh hng ln mi t nhin. C th nhn din ro rng khi so snh vi cy ly du thc phm. Khng c nguy c lai to cho vi cy trng khc. Thun li cho cc k thut di truyn khc nhau.

Crop
Crambe

u im
Nng sut cao, phn b rng, tng ng cao vi Arabidopsis Nng sut cao, phn b rng, tng ng cao vi Arabidopsis, c chuyn gene,

Nhc im
Nt ht, mt nng sut L thc phm mt s ni 5-10 yrs 5 yrs

Bng

Lanh

c chuyn gene, c cng ngh ch bin


Thnh phn du ph hp, d dng ci bin di truyn D dng ci bin di truyn, c cng ngh ch bin,

L thc phm mt s ni
Cng ngh ch bin cha ph hp Nng sut cn thp

5 yrs

Thuc l

10 yrs

Brassica carinata

5 yrs

Crambe field trial in Daklak

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