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Chng 6 Thiet ke he thong mang PLC

PHAN II

HE THONG MANG PLC

CHNG 6 THIET KE HE THONG MANG PLC (SIMATIC)

Chu e: Mang AS-i Mang Profibus Mang Industrial Ethernet Muc ch: Nam ro cau truc cac loai mang PLC C s d lieu va truyen thong Ket noi cac thanh phan tren mang

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6.1. MANG ASI 6.1.1. GIAO TIEP AS

6.1.1.1. Tong quan

Mang AS-I la he thong ket noi cap thap nhat trong he thong t ong hoa (hnh 6.1), ay cac ng noi ket thiet b rm ra, o xo c thay the bang tuyen cap n gian goi la cap AS-i. S dung cap va ieu khien AS-I, th cac cam bien va cac c cau chap hanh kieu nh phan n gian nhat se c ket noi ti thiet b ieu khien cap trng qua cac module AS-I. Mang AS c phan biet bang nhng ac tnh chu yeu sau: Giao tiep AS c toi u e noi ket cac cam bien va c cau chap hanh. Cap AS c s dung cho ca hai viec : trao oi d lieu gia cac cam bien va c cau vi thiet b ieu khien; cung cap nguon cho cac cam bien. Noi ket n gian va gia phai chang: lap at n Hnh 6.1 Phan cap mang gian, tnh linh hoat cao vi noi ket kieu hnh cay. Thi gian ap ng nhanh: Chu AS-I ch can toi a 5 ms cho chu ky trao oi d lieu len ti 31 tram. Cac tram tren cap AS-I co the la cac cam bien, c cau chap hanh vi au noi hoac module AS-I tch hp co the c noi vao ti 4 sensor/actuator nh phan thong thng. Vi cac module AS-I co the len en 124 cam bien c hoat ong trencap AS-i. 6.1.1.2. Giao tiep AS va cac thanh phan he thong AS Cac thanh phan di se tao thanh he thong mang AS AS-i master AS-i module AS-i cable AS-i power supply unit Sensors/actuators with an integrated AS-i chip Addressing unit SCOPE AS-Interface S o sau mo ta cac thanh phan c noi ket, hnh 6.2

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Hnh 6.2 S o ket noi cac thanh phan AS-i.

6.1.2. CAC AS-I MASTER 6.1.2.1. ASI master cho simatic s7-200 CP 242-2 Module CP 242-2 cho phep ket noi chuoi ASI ti bo ieu khien lap trnh S7-200. CP 242-2 co the x ly cac chc nang hoan chnh cua cac iem ASI master, hnh 6.3. CP 242-8 Module nay khong ch co cac chc nang cua CP 242-2 ma con co noi ket ti PROFIBUS DP (DP slave). Module nay cho noi ket S7-200 ti PROFIBUS DP va ASI cung mot thi iem vi gia ca phai chang, hnh 6.4.

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Hnh 6.3 ASI master CP 242-2

Hnh 6.4 ASI master CP 242-8

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6.1.2.2. ASI master cho simatic s7-300 CP 342-2 CP 342-2 la module ASI master cho cac bo ieu khien S7300 va cho he thong phan phoi I/O ET 200M. CP 342-2 chiem 16 byte input va 16 byte output trong vung analog cua bo ieu khien ma qua o cac d lieu nhap cua slave co the c oc va cac d lieu xuat cua Hnh 6.5 ASI master CP 342-2 slave co the c at. Khi s dung mot FC, ngoai trao oi d lieu I/O, no cung co the thc thi nhng thu tuc goi chnh trong chng trnh ieu khien. 6.1.2.3. ASI Gateway DP-ASI gateway Ngay khi s dung cac I/O ngoai vi phan bo, s dung ASI co the co cac thuan li. Noi mang cac ngoai vi qua trnh tren profibus co the c m rong en cac sensor/actuator. Cac thiet b sau ay co the s dung nh gateway cho profibus: DP/ASI Link 20 module (c thiet ke bang cong nghe IP 20 e noi ket ASI vi Profibus) CP 242-8 CP 142-2 trong ET200X CP 342-2 trong ET200M AS 300/CPU315-2DP vi CP 2433 DP/AS Link ( link su dung cong nghe IP 65 e noi ket ASI vi Profibus) 6.1.2.4. ASI master cho ET200X CP 142-2 Module CP 142-2 co the hoat ong trong he thong I/O phan bo ET200X, no cho phep ket noi chuoi ASI vi he thong I/O. ac iem chnh cua he thong I/O ET 200X la xay dng thch nghi vi cac kieu bao ve IP 65, IP 66 va IP 67.

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Hnh 6.6 Cau hnh he thong vi DP/ASI Link 20

Hnh 6.7 ASI master CP 142-2

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6.1.2.5. ASI master cho PC-AT CP 2413 CP 2413 cho phep ket noi giao tiep ASI ti may tnh. Phan cng cua ASI master c thc hien nh mot card PC. Cho phep en 4 ASI master CP co the hoat ong cung mot luc trong mot PC. ieu nay noi rang ASI PC master cung thch hp cho cac tac vu phuc tap. Mot chng trnh hoat ong va mo phong san sang cung cap cac trang thai hien hanh cua cac slave tren cap va cho phep cac ieu hanh n gian cac slave. Chng trnh nay cung co the s dung e nhng muc ch chan oan, no cung cho phep lap trnh cac a ch cua cac slave ASI. T o khong nhng card ASI master co the c hoat ong trong PC ma con cho PC giao tiep vi Industrial Ethernet va Profibus cung mot luc, d lieu cung cap bi ASI slave cung co the kha dung vi cac tram khac trong mang.

Hnh 6.8 Cau hnh he thong vi PC-AT va CP2413

6.1.3. CAC THANH PHAN KHAC CUA ASI Nh a e cap ASI ngoai cac ASI master vi vai tro la chu trong he thong, con co cac thanh phan khac c noi ket vao e tao nen mot he thong mang ASI chuan. 6.1.3.1. Cap ASI Cap ASI c tiep xuc bang ky thuat tham thau. Cac li tiep xuc (contact blade) tham nhap vao ao nha boc ben ngoai va tao tiep xuc vi 2 day dan. ieu nay am bao 155

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cho ien t tiep xuc thap va ket noi d lieu tin cay. Vi lieu ket noi nay, co nhng module ket noi c thiet ke cho ky thuat tham thau. 6.1.3.2. Repeater/Extender Cac ASI repeater/Extender c thiet ke e dung cho moi trng giao tiep AS. Thiet b nay co nhiem vu m rong chieu dai 100 m toi a cua ASI. Mot oan mot 100m co san co the c m rong them toi a 2 oan 100m na. S dung Repeater ASI Repeater c s dung khi cac slave c hoat ong tren tat ca cac oan cap. Moi oan ASI c oi hoi mot n v nguon cung cap rieng biet (trc va pha sau cua repeater). Repeater co cac ac iem sau: M rong chieu dai cap toi a la 300 m. Cac slave co the c s dung ca hai ben cua ASI. Nguon cung cap oi hoi phai co ca hai ben ASI. Cach ly ien gia hai cap. Moi ben giao tiep AS can co mot nguon ien Hnh 6.9 S dung Repeater rieng biet. Lap at trong dang ong vo module ng dung chuan. S dung Extender ASI Extender c s dung trong cac ng dung ma master c lap at khoang cach xa hn vi cho lap at ASI. Cac master co the c c at cach xa oan ASI 100m. Cac slave ch c s dung ben cua extender Hnh 6.10 S dung Extender khong co master Nguon ien ch c yeu cau cho ben khong co master. Khong can cach ly ien gia hai cap. Ch th ien ap ung c lap at trong dang ong vo module ng dung. Extender c gan tren module ket noi FK-E. 6.1.3.3. n v nh a ch 156

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Moi slave tren ASI eu mang mot a ch. a ch nay c lu tr tren cac slave. Ta co the lap trnh a ch cua cac slave s dung n v nh a ch. 6.1.3.4. SCOPE ASI Phan mem SCOPE ASI la mot chng trnh giam sat co kha nang ghi lai va anh gia trao oi d lieu trong cac mang ASI trong suot qua trnh lap at va hoat ong. Phan mem SCOPE ASI co the chay trong PC lien ket v CP 2413 di moi trng Windows. 6.1.4. CHE O MASTER 6.1.4.1. Nguyen tac cua Master/Slave trong ASI ASI hoat ong theo nguyen tac master/slave. ieu nay co ngha la ASI master ket hp vi cap ASI ieu khien trao oi d lieu vi 31 slave qua giao tiep cap ASI. Hnh 6.11 minh hoa giao tiep gia hai khoi ASI master vi ASI slave qua cap ASI. Cac lenh gan tham so va d lieu qua trnh c truyen qua giao tiep gia master CPU va master CP. Cac chng trnh ngi dung s dung cac Hnh 6.11 S o khoi gia tiep ASI master/slave goi ham thch hp va c che kha dung e oc va ghi qua giao tiep nay. 6.1.4.2. Truyen d lieu 6.1.4.2.1. Cau truc thong tin d lieu. Hnh 6.12 mo ta cac trng va danh sach d lieu cua he thong a c nh ngha. Cac cau truc sau ay c tm thay tren CP: Cac anh d lieu Chung cha cac thong tin c lu tr tam thi: Cac tham so that la anh cua cac tham so hien thi tren slave D lieu cau hnh that: trng nay cha cac cau hnh I/O va ma ID cua tat ca cac slave c noi ket ngay khi d lieu nay Hnh 6.12 S o cau truc ASI master CP va ASI slave c oc t cac 157

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slave. Danh sach cac slave c phat hien (LDS) Danh sach cac slave b kch hoat (LAS) LAS cho thay nhng slave nao c kch hoat bi ASI master. D lieu I/O ch trao oi c vi cac slave b kch hoat. D lieu I/O D lieu nhap va xuat cua qua trnh. D lieu cau hnh ay la d lieu khong boc hi (non-volatile), khong b thay oi ngay khi co h hong nguon nang lng. D lieu cau hnh mong i, ay la cac gia tr so sanh co chon la ma cho phep d lieu cau hnh cua cac slave c phat hien se c kiem tra. Danh sach d lieu thng trc (LPS), danh sach nay cho thay cac ASI slave c mong i tren cap ASI bi ASI master. ASI master kiem tra lien tuc xem co phai tat ca cac Hnh 6.13 Cac giai oan hoat ong tram ch nh trong co mat LPS va xem co phai d lieu cau hnh cua chung khp vi d lieu cau hnh mong muon. 158

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6.1.4.2.2. Cac cau truc ASI slave D lieu I/O Cac tham so D lieu cau hnh D lieu cau hnh cha cau hnh I/O va cac ma ID cua slave a ch Cac slave co a ch 0 khi c lap at. e c phep trao oi d lieu th cac slave phai c lap trnh vi cac a ch khac nhau va khac khong. a ch 0 ch danh cho cac chc nang rieng biet. 6.1.4.2.3.Cac giai oan hoat ong S o hnh 6.13 cho thay cac giai oan hoat ong cua qua trnh truyen d lieu. Chung co 3 giai oan chnh: Giai oan khi tao ban au (Initialization phase) Giai oan khi ong (Startup Phase) Giai oan trao oi d lieu (Data Exchange Phase) Che o khi tao ban au Giai oan nay goi la giai oan offline, thiet lap trang thai c ban cua master. Module nay c khi tao tr sau khi chuyen mach. Giai oan khi ong Giai oan nay bao gom: Giai oan phat hien Phat hien cac slave trong giai oan khi ong. Giai oan kch hoat Sau khi phat hien cac tram, chung c kch hoat do master gi lenh goi ac biet. Khi kch hoat cac tram rieng, co s khac biet gia hai che o tren ASI master: Master che o cau hnh: Tat ca cac tram c phat hien c kch hoat. che o nay cac gia tr that c oc va lu chung cho cau hnh. Master che o c bao ve: Ch co cac tram tng ng vi cau hnh mong i c lu tren ASI master mi c kch hoat. Neu cau hnh that c tm thay tren ASI slave khac vi cau hnh mong i nay. Master a cac tram c kch hoat vao danh sach cac tram c kch hoat. Che o bnh thng (giai oan trao oi d lieu) Khi ket thuc giai oan khi ong, ASI master chuyen sang che o bnh thng: Giai oan trao oi d lieu: Master gi d lieu tuan hoan ra cac tram va nhan cac thong iep ghi nhan. Giai oan quan ly: Giai oan nay, tat ca cac cong viec hien co cua cac ng dung ieu khien c x ly va gi i. Giai oan bao ham: Giai oan nay, cac slave mi them vao c a vao danh sach cac slave c phat hien va cung cap che o cau hnh va chung cung c kch hoat. Neu master che o bao 159

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ve th ch co cac slave c lu tr trong cau hnh mong i cua ASI master mi c kch hoat. Vi c che nay cac slave a het phuc vu tam thi cung c bao ham lan na. 6.1.4.2.4. Chc nang giao tiep e kiem soat hoat ong cua master/slave t chng trnh ngi dung, co nhieu chc nang kha dung giao tiep c minh hoa hnh 6.14. Cac hoat ong bao gom: Read/Write (oc/ghi) Khi ghi cac tham so c chuyen en slave va cac anh tham so tren CP. Khi oc, cac tham so c chuyen t slave hoac cac anh tham so t CP vao CPU. Read/Write configuration data (oc/ghi d lieu cau hnh) Cac tham so at cau hnh hay cac d lieu cau hnh c oc t bo nh khong boc hi cua CP. Configure actual (at cau hnh that) Khi oc cac tham so va d lieu cau hnh c oc vao va lu tr thng xuyen tren CP. Khi ghi, cac tham so va d lieu cau hnh c lu tr thng xuyen tren CP. Supply slaves with configured parameters (Cung cap cac tham so at cau hnh cho cac slave) Cac tham so cau hnh c chuyen t vung nh khong boc hi cua CP en cac slave.

Hnh 6.14 Cac chc nang giao tiep 6.2. MANG PROFIBUS 6.2.1. GII THIEU 6.2.1.1 Profibus la g? Profibus la thuat ng mo ta mang truyen thong tin so c s dung trong cong nghiep e thay the qua trnh truyen tn hieu analog 4-20mA ang ton tai mot thi gian dai qua. ay la mang truyen thong so, 2 chieu, multidrop, bus noi tiep nham e ket noi thiet b 160

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field cach ly nhau nh cac bo ieu khien, cac bo chuyen oi tn hieu, cac cam bien va cac c cau chap hanh. Moi thiet b field co kha nang tnh toan c cai at trong no va lam cho moi thiet b thanh thiet b thong minh. Moi thiet b field se thc hanh nhng chc nang n gian tren chnh no nh cac chc nang chuan oan, ieu khien va bao tr nh cung cap kha nang truyen thong hai chieu. Ngoai ra no con cho phep lien lac vi cac thiet b filed khac. Cot loi la fieldbus se thay the cac mang ieu khien tap trung thanh cac mang ieu khien phan tan. Do o fieldbus co nhieu chc nang va u viet hn so vi viec thay the chuan analog 420mA. 6.2.1.2. Cac thuan li cua fieldbus Giam gia thanh Tiet kiem chi ph ban au cho d an cong nghe Tiet kiem trong bao hanh, bao tr va thay the Nang cao hieu qua san xuat, chat lng san pham Bao am tnh an toan san xuat va ve sinh moi trng Quan ly chat che va hieu qua. 6.2.1.3. Truyen thong cong nghiep S phat trien nh vu bao cua IT a gop phan thuc ay phat trien cong nghe t ong hoa. No a thay oi cac he phan cap, cac cau truc va qua trnh trao oi thong tin gia cac cap trong he thong. Truyen thong a tang theo chieu ngang cap field cung nh theo chieu doc qua cac mc phan cap. cap Actuator/Sensor cac tn hieu cua cac sensor va actuator nh phan c truyen qua ASI bus. ay la ky thuat lap at chi ph thap, n gian, qua o d lieu va nguon ien 24V cho cac thiet b cuoi c truyen qua moi trng chung. D lieu c truyen xoay vong. cap field cac thiet b ngoai vi phan bo nh I/O module, cam bien o, cac c cau truyen ong, cac slave va cac operation terminal truyen thong vi cac he thong t ong qua he thong truyen thong thi gian thc. Viec truyen d lieu qua trnh la theo vong tuan hoan, trong khi o cac canh bao, tham so va d lieu chan oan phai c truyen khong ong bo neu can. Profibus la giai phap nham thoa man cac yeu cau nay ong thi la giai phap thong suot cho san xuat cung nh t ong hoa qua trnh. cap cell, cac bo eiu khien lap trnh c nh PLC va IPC truyen thong vi nhau. Luong thong tin can nhng goi d lieu ln va mot so ln cac chc truyen thong manh. Tch hp vao he thong truyen thong toan cong ty nh Intranet va Internet qua cac TCP/IP va Ethernet la cac yeu cau quan trong. 6.2.1.4. PROFIBUS (PROcess Field Bus) PROFIBUS la mang cho cap cell va cap field trong he thong truyen thong simatic m. No c ng dung e truyen d lieu t nho en trung bnh. Ve mat vat ly, PROFIBUS la mang ien da tren cap 2 day hoac mang quang da tren cap si quang hoac mang vo tuyen vi truyen hong ngoai (IR). 6.2.2. CONG NGHE PROFIBUS

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PROFIBUS la chuan fieldbus cho mot giai rong cac ng dung trong san xuat va t ong hoa qua trnh. PROFIBUS cho phep truyen thong gia cac thiet b cua cac nha san xuat khac nhau khong can them bat c ieu chnh giao tiep nao. PROFIBUS co the s dung cho hai ng dung: ng dung o hoi thi gian ap ng vi toc o cao va nhng cong viec truyen thong phc tap. PROFIBUS cho cac giao thc truyen thong (Communication Profiles): DP va FMS. Tuy theo ng dung cu the ma ta co the s dung cac cong nghe truyen dan sau (Physical Profiles): RS485, IEC 1158-2 hoac s quang. 6.2.2.1. Giao thc truyen thong Giao thc truyen thong profibus c nh ngha lam sao cac ngi dung truyen noi tiep d lieu cua chung qua moi trng chung. DP (Distributed Periphery) DP la giao thc thong dung c s dung nhieu nhat. No c toi u ve toc o, hieu suat va gia ket noi thap va c thiet ke cho truyen thong gia cac he thong t ong va ngoai vi phan bo. FMS (Field Message Specification) ay la giao thc truyen thong van nang cho nhieu chc nang ng dung e truyen thong gia cac thiet b co tnh thong minh. 6.2.2.2. Cong nghe truyen dan Do yeu cau cua bus truyen thong oi hoi o tin cay truyen cao, khoang cach xa, toc o truyen cao va mac khac trong qua trnh t ong hoa san xuat con them cac yeu cau nh hoat ong trong vung nguy hiem va nang lng tren cung ng truyen chung. Hien tai co 3 phng phap truyen dan profibus kha dung nhat: Truyen RS-485 cho cac ng dung trong t ong hoa san xuat. Truyen IEC 1158-2 cho ng dung t ong hoa qua trnh. Si quang cai thien tnh nhieu ien va nhng khoang cach mang ln. 6.2.3. AC TNH CUA PROFIBUS PROFIBUS la cho phep noi cac thiet b ieu khien theo truyen noi tiep t cap cell en cap field. Trong o co nhieu master va nhieu slave, do o co the ghep noi nhieu he thong t ong hoa, he thong ky thuat va cac tram hien th vi cac ngoai vi phan bo cua chung tren cung mot bus. PROFIBUS phan biet cac kieu thiet b sau: Thiet b master xac nh trueyn d lieu tren bus. Mot master co the gi cac thong iep khong can co yeu cau ben ngoai khi no gi quyen truy cap. Cac master cung co the goi la cac tram tch cc hoac cac nut tch cc. Thiet b slave la cac ngoai vi nh cac thiet b I/O, cac slave, cac bo truyen ong va cac cam bien o lng. Chung khong co quyen truy cap bus va chung ch co the bao cho biet a nhan thong iep hoac gi cac htong iep en master khi co yeu cau. 6.2.3.1. Cong nghe truyen RS-485 Truyen dan RS-485 thng c s dung rat nhieu bi PROFIBUS. Nhng ng dung ma trong o lap at khong can at tien, n gian va truyen toc o cao. Toc o truyen co the t 9.6 Kbps ti 12 Mbps. Mot toc o truyen duy nhat c chon cho tat ca cac thiet b tren mot bus khi he thong san sang. 162

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Lap at RS-485. Tat ca cac thiet b c noi vao cau truc bus. Toi a 32 tram (master hay slave)co the c noi vao mot segment 9 (oan). Bus c ket thuc bang ket thuc bus tch tc (active bus terminator) au va cuoi moi segment (xem hnh 6.15). e bao am hoat ong khong co loi th ca au ket thuc bus luon luon c cap ien.

Cong noi mang

Cong noi mang

V tr chuyen mach = On
Cong noi mang cam vao EM 277 cua t 1

V tr chuyen mach = Off

Cong noi mang cam vao EM 277 cua t 2

Cong noi mang co cong lap trnh gan vao CPU 315

Cong noi mang cam vao CP5611 cua may tnh 1 co cong lap t h

Cap truyen thong mang profibus

Cong noi mang cam vao CP5611 cua may tnh 2

Cong noi mang cam vao CP5611 cua may tnh 3

Hnh 6.15 - Noi ket ng cap truyen d lieu mang Trong trng hp tren 32 tram hoac e m rong mang ta phai dung en cac repeater e lien ket cac oan bus lai vi nhau, hnh 6.16 mo ta cac tram DTE (data terminal equipment) tren cac bus noi nhau bang 2 repeater. Chieu dai toi a cua cap phu thuoc vao toc o truyen: toc o truyen cang cao th chieu dai cap cang giam nh Hnh 6.16 Cac oan bus noi nhau bang cac repeater bang 6.1. 163

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6.2.3.2. Cong nghe truyen IEC 1158-2 Truyen ong bo vi IEC 1158-2 vi toc o truyen chnh xac 31.25Kbps c s dung trong t ong hoa qua trnh. KBaud rate Max. Segment length Max. Expansion No thoa man cac yeu cau 9,6 1000m 10,000m quan trong trong ky nghe 19,2 1000m 10,000m hoa dau va hoa chat: an 187.5 1000m 10,000m toan va cap nang lng qua 500.0 400m 4,000m bus s dung chung cap 1,500.0 200m 2,000m truyen cong nghe 2 day. 3,000.0 100m 1,000m Nh vay PROFIBUS co the 6,000.0 100m 1,000m c s dung trong nhng 12,000.0 100m 1,000m vung nguy hiem. Bang 6.1 Toc o truyen - chieu dai cap truyen RS-485 Cac ac tnh cua cong nghe truyen IEC 1158-2: so tram noi tren mot segment la 32 tram, repeater co the bo sung en 4 bo e tang cac tram tren mang, cac lp bao ve no va cap nang lng t xa qua cac ng d lieu. 6.2.3.3. Truyen si quang Cap si quang c s dung trong PROFIBUS cho cac ng dung trong cac moi trng co nhieu ien cao, e cach ly ien hoac e tang khoang cach mang toi a co toc o truyen cao. Co nhieu si quang co ac tnh khac nhau nh sau: Cac thanh phan quang si PROFIBUS cua mot so nha san xuat cho phep tao ra cac link quang si tha vi kha nang chuyen t ong sang ng truyen vat ly khac khi co h Kieu si quang Si thuy tinh MM Si thuy tinh SM Si tong hp Si PCS/HSC Tnh chat Khoang cach trung bnh 2-3 km Khoang cach xa >15 km Khoang cach ngan Khoang cach ngan >500m

hong. Nhieu nha san xuat cung cung cap cac coupler gia cac link truyen RS-485 va si quang. 6.2.4.TRUYEN THONG VI PROFIBUS 6.2.4.1. Truyen thong vi PROFIBUS DP Ket noi cac thiet b vao PLC. Master Truyen cac lng d lieu nho va nhanh, do - Truyen thong master/slave tuan hoan. - Hoat ong mot master - Giao tiep vi giao thc c n gian Slave Slave Slave hoa. Trao oi d lieu theo 2 khung: - Master gi d lieu en cac slave. - Cac slave thong bao va tra d lieu ve master. 164

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Cac he thong mot hay nhieu master co the cai at bang PROFIBUS-DP. ieu nay khien cho he thong rat mem deo. Toi a cai vao 126 thiet b (master hay slave) vao bus. Cau hnh thiet b: gan cau hnh he thong bao gom so cac tram, a ch tram, phan phat vung nh cho cac a ch I/O, cac tham so bus s dung va cac thong iep chan oan. Cac kieu thiet b: Moi he thong PROFIBUS-DP bao gom nhieu loai thiet b cai at tuy theo tnh nang hoat ong. C ban co 3 loai c phan theo cong viec: DP master class1 ay la bo ieu khien tap trung dung e trao oi thong tin, d lieu vi cac tram phan bo theo mot chu ky thong iep nh trc. Chang han: PLC, CNC, Robot Control DP master class2 Cac thiet b kieu nay la thiet b lap trnh, thiet b at cau hnh hoac chan oan. Cac thiet b nay c dung khi khi ong he thong e at cau hnh cho he thong DP. DP slaves Mot DP slave la mot thiet b I/O ma oc thogn tin nhap t qua trnh xuat d lieu ra qua trnh. Hoat ong he thong He thong mot master: ch co mot master tch ca tren bus. He thong nhieu master: co nhieu master tren bus nh co them thiet b at cau hnh ac iem cua PROFIBUS-DP Giao tiep truyen thong tuan hoan va nhanh vi cac thiet b trng field Toc o truyen d lieu en 12 Mbps Thi gian ap ng nhanh o c vi 10 tram ET200 va moi tram nay co 32 I/O la 0.35ms. oi vi cac yeu cau thi gian ap ng t chnh xac th co the thc hien cac thiet b DP va FMS tren cung mot he thong bus. Trao oi d lieu: Nguyen tac lam viec cua qua trnh trao oi d lieu tren mang la thc hien s anh xa bien qua vung bien V (variable memory). S cap phat cac vung nh cua ieu khien cho cac ieu khien phai tuan theo trat t vung nh e khi truy xuat d lieu hoac thu nhan d lieu khong sinh ra loi xung ot ve s tranh chap d lieu. ong thi chung ta phai nam ro tng tac cac I/O cua he thong (ch bao gom cac ieu khien t) la bao nhieu e s dung am bao u bo nh. 6.2.4.2. Truyen thong vi PROFIBUS-FMS Truyen thong PROFIBUS-FMS Ket noi cac PLC vi nhau, co the Master Master Master ket noi cac thiet b field Chuyen cac lng d lieu ln. Hoat ong nhieu master: gi chu quyen t master nay en master kia. Slave Slave FMS la ngon ng cho truyen thong theo thong iep. FMS protocol chuan hoa 165

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khong nhng y ngha cua thong iep (ng ngha) ma con cac dang khuon d lieu cho cau truc cua thong iep ( cu phap). Cac ng dun lien quan gia 2 cong s truyen thong trong PROFIBUS-FMS la: VFD (Virtual Field Device) = thiet b field ao. Truy cap oi tng ( v du cac bien) 6.3. MANG ETHERNET CONG NGHIEP 6.3.1. Khai niem Cac yeu cau ve truyen thong cong nghiep khac han rat nhieu so vi cac truyen thong van phong nh ta thng dung hang ngay trong cong viec, giai tr. ieu nay thc te anh hng en tat ca cac kha canh cua truyen thong nh cac thanh phan mang tch cc va thu ong, cac DTE c ket noi, tnh kha dung, cach thc truy cap, truyen thong d lieu va cac ieu kien moi trng Vi cac he thong san xuat ln co nhieu line san xuat th viec quan sat toan nha may, ieu hanh va giam sat nha may la mot van e rat quan trong va thiet thc trong viec nang cao hieu qua san xuat. Xuat phat t muc ch nay, kha nang ieu khien cua moi PLC khong con la chu ao, khong ap ng tnh chat phc tap cua qua trnh na ma con ke en nhieu phan t khac tao nen mot he thong truyen thong hieu nang cao. Ngay nay cang co nhieu he thong t ong hoa phan bo c s dung nhieu vao san xuat va t ong hoa qua trnh nham lam cho qua trnh ieu khien phc tap c chia thanh cac cong viec nho hn vi mc n gian hn. Do o can co truyen thong gia cac he thong phan bo. Cac cau truc phan bo nay cho phep cac viec sau: - Khi ong ong thi va oc lap cac phan rieng biet cua he thong. - Cac chng trnh nho hn va ro rang hn. - X ly song song cac he thong phan bo, ket qua la giam thi gian ap ng, tai nho hn tren cac n v x ly rieng. - Tang tnh kha dung cua he thong. - Vi cac he thong truyen thong m, khong ong bo, mang cong nghiep c s dung cho cap quan ly va cap cac phan t. Truyen thong cua mang cong nghiep la ien, quang, hoac ket hp ca ien lan quang theo yeu cau cuc bo. Mang cong nghiep c nh ngha theo chuan quoc te IEEE 802.3 Chuan Ethernet IEEE802.3 - Chuan IEEE802.3 la chuan da tren cap ong truc (Triaxial cable) lam ng truyen. C s truyen thong da tren ky thuat bao hieu giai nen va ky thuat truy cap CSMA/CD. Bao hieu giai nen ( Baseband signaling) Tn hieu truyen i khong b ieu che va dang xung trong moi trng truyen. Moi trng truyen tao nen mot kenh trueyn duy nhat ma dung lng cua no c chia xe bi cac DTE c noi vao kenh. Cac DTE nhan d lieu trong moi trng truyen ong thi. bat c thi iem nao cung ch co duy nhat mot DTE c truyen, neu co tren mot DTE khac truyen th se gay ra va cham tren moi trng truyen va dan en s h hong d lieu. Do vay can

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co c che ieu phoi trong moi trng truyen d lieu chung nay. e giai quyet van e nay IEEE802.3 a ra giai phap o la giao thc CSMA/CD. Truy cap mang bang giao thc CSMA/CD - Mang cong nghiep truy cap bang giao thc CSMA/CD. ay la ky thuat truy cap phan bo, ngha la moi DTE noi vao mang eu co quyen truy cap. - Neu mot DTE muon gi d lieu, au tieng no lang nghe moi trng e tm xem co DTE nao ang truyen trong moi trng luc o hay khong. Neu khong co DTE nao ang truyen th no bat au truyen d lieu cua no. Neu no phat hien mot DTE nao o ang s dung moi trng truyen th no phai i cho en khi moi trng ranh roi. - Tat ca cac DTE eu lang nghe d lieu ang truyen. Da vao thong tin a ch ch trong d lieu ma DTE ghi nhan xem no co phai nhan d lieu o hay khong. Neu ong thi nhieu DTE truyen khi moi trng ranh th se xay ra va cham sau mot thi gian truyen. Tuy nhien cac DTE e co c che phat hien va cham. Tat ca cac DTE co lien quan en va cham th se t dng truyen d lieu va sau mot thi gian ngan nhien vi moi DTE th gi d lieu lai. Viec nay c lap lai cho en khi mot DTE truyen d lieu thanh cong khong co va cham. Cac DTE khac i cho en khi moi trng ranh. Mien va cham Khoang cach ma trong o giao thc CSMA/CD hoat ong hoan chnh e am bao cho ky thuat truy cap CSMA/CD hoat ong ung khi viec m rong mang Ethernet b gii han bi thi gian truyen at cho phep toi a cua goi d lieu. Trong Ehternet 10 Mbps co ien th khoang cach la 4520m. Mang ien (IEEE) Moi trng truyen la cap ong truc vi toc o truyen trung bnh. Chung bao gom cac oan cap rieng biet co chieu dai 500m. Mang nay co the tang ti toc o 100 Mbps trong qua trnh truyen neu s dung them cac Repeater.

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Mang si quang Moi trng truyen la cap si quang a cach (MMFO) vi si thuy tinh loai 62.5/125 m. Cac link si quang luon luon la nhng link t au nay en au kia gia 2 thanh phan tch cc. ieu nay co ngha la luon luon co link trc tiep t mot thanh phan mang en cong cua mot thanh phan mang khac. Thanh phan mang co nhiem vu tai tao lai cac tn hieu d lieu thu c va phan bo chung bang cach xuat d lieu o lan na qua tat ca cac cong. Cau truc mang c xac lap bang cac thanh phan OLM hoac cac bo ghep hnh sao.

Ethernet nhanh (Fast Ethernet) Fast Ethernet co cac ac tnh chu yeu cua chuan Ethernet co ien vi toc o d lieu c tang len 10 lan: 100 Mbps. Mang Switching Switch dung e tang dung lng truyen thong va m rong mang. Trong cac nha may san xuat ln viec s dung mang Ethernet thng lam viec vi lu lng d lieu ln co the at en gii han cua no. Khi m rong mang thng dung lng no b gii han do dai truyen nen va kha nang m rong b gii han do giao thc CSMA/CD. Vay bang cach s dung cong nghe Switch th cac gii han cua mang c m rong ang ke. Mang Switching c ket cau bang cac bo cap thang va cac vong quang tnh kha dung cao. Kha nang m rong mang khong gii han, thng dung en 150 km.

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6.3.2. Truyen thong mang Cac DTE truyen d lieu trong mang thong qua cac bo x ly truyen thong Ethernet CP hoac cac IT-CP hoac cac thiet b lap trnh va giam sat (OP/PG).

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6.3.2.1. Truyen thong OP/PG qua mang Ethernet

6.3.2.2. Truyen thong S7 qua mang Ethernet

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6.3.2.3. Cac lien ket truyen thong d lieu

6.3.2.4. Giao thc SEND-RECEIVE tren CPU

6.3.2.5. Lap chng trnh cho qua trnh truyen va nhan d lieu Chng trnh khi s qua trnh truyen cac vung d lieu cua ngi dung theo thu tuc goi ham FC va quan sat qua trnh truyen bang c lng ma tra ve cua cac FC. Cac thong so sau ay se c truyen khi ham FC c goi: - So lien ket (ID) - V tr vung d lieu ngi dung tren CPU Goi ham FC trong chng trnh CPU

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Tai lieu tham khao: [1]. Industrial Communication Siemens, Germany. [2]. NCM S7 for PROFIBUS Primer SIEMENS AG [3]. NCM S7 for Industrial Ethernet Primer SIEMENS AG [4] SIMATIC NET IT-CP, Manual SIEMENS AG [5] SIMATIC Communication with SIMATIC Manual SIEMENS AG [6] SIMATIC NET Industrial Twisted Pair Networks SIEMENS AG [7] SIMATIC NET Ethernet Manual SIEMENS AG Chu thch cac thuat ng s dung trong tai lieu. CP Communications processor CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection FC Function TSAP Transport Service Access Point TCP/IP Transport Connection Protocol; IP = Internet Protocol UDP User Datagram Protocol FMS Field (bus) Message Specification FDL Fieldbus Data Link

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