MO1

Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

A Member Of

COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Learning Outcomes
Differentiate among various styles of system units on desktop computers, notebook computers, and mobile devices Describe the control unit and arithmetic logic unit components of a processor, and explain the four steps in a machine cycle

Define a bit and describe how a series of bits represents data

Differentiate among the various types of memory

Describe the purpose and types of expansion slots and adapter cards

Differentiate between a port and a connector, and explain the differences among a USB port and other ports

Explain the function of power supply

A Member Of

COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

The System Unit

The system unit is a case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data. All computers and mobile devices have a system unit.
A Member Of

3
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Drive Bay Power Supply System Unit Sound Card Video Card
A Member Of

Memory

Processor

4
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

The System Unit

The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:
Drive bay(s)

Power supply
Sound card Video card Processor Memory
A Member Of

5
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

The Motherboard
The motherboard is the main maincircuit circuitboard board of the system unit A computer chip contains integrated circuits Memory chips are installed on memory modules that fit in a slot on the motherboard.
A Member Of

COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Processor
The processor, also called the central processing unit (CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions instructions that operate a computer
Contain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

A Member Of

7
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Processor
The control unit is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs arithmetic, comparison, and other operations

A Member Of

8
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Processor

For every instruction, a processor repeats a set of four basic operations (fetch- decode- executestore), which comprise a machine cycle.
A Member Of

COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Processor
The system clock controls the timing of all computer operations
The pace of the system clock is called the clock speed, and is measured in gigahertz (GHz)

A Member Of

10
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Data Representation
Most computers are digital Digital signals are in one of two states: on or off
Most computers are digital The binary system uses two unique digits (0 and 1) Bits and bytes
A Member Of

11
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Data Representation
A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical charge Eight bits grouped together as a unit are called a byte. A byte represents a single character in the computer

A Member Of

12
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Data Representation
ASCII(American standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data

A Member Of

13
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
Memory consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data Stores three basic categories of items:
The operating system and other system software
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Application programs

Data being processed and the resulting information

14

COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory

Each location in memory has an address Memory size is measured in kilobytes (KB or K), megabytes (MB), gigabytes (GB), or terabytes (TB)
A Member Of

15
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
The system unit contains two types of memory:

Volatile memory
Loses its contents when power is turned off

Nonvolatile memory
Does not lose contents when power is removed Examples include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS
16
COM1012

Example includes RAM

A Member Of

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory

A Member Of

RAM (Random Access Memory) is a memory chips that temporary holds data and instructions in current use . (operating system, application programs and data) RAM chips usually reside on a memory module and are inserted into memory slots
COM1012

17

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
RAM is much faster to read from and write to than the other kinds of storage in a computer, the hard disk, floppy disk, and CD-ROM. Memory cache speeds the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data

A Member Of

COM1012

18

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
However, the data in RAM stays there only as long as the computer is running. When the computer is switched off, the contents of the RAM are lost. When user turn the computer on again, the operating system and other files are once again loaded into RAM, usually from the hard disk.

A Member Of

19
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory

A Member Of

20
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory Read-only memory (ROM) refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions
Data has been written onto a ROM chips, cannot be removed and can only be read.
A Member Of

21
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
Flash memory is a non- volatile chip that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. Complementary metaloxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology provides high speeds and consumes little power.

A Member Of

22
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Memory
Access time is the amount of time it takes the processor to read from memory
Measured in nanoseconds

A Member Of

23
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card An adapter card enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connections to peripherals Sound card and video card
A Member Of

24
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

A Member Of

25
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

With Plug and Play, the computer automatically automatically can configure configure adapter cards and other peripherals as you install them

A Member Of

26
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Expansion Slots and Adapter Cards

Removable flash memory includes:
Memory cards, USB flash drives, and PC Cards / ExpressCard modules

A Member Of

27
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Ports and Connectors

A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit (sometimes referred to as a jack) A connector joins a cable to a port
A Member Of

28
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Ports and Connectors

A Member Of

29
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Ports and Connectors

On a notebook computer, the ports are on the back, front, and/or sides

A Member Of

30
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Port Types

Ports and Connectors

A Member Of

31
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

A USB port can connect up to 127 different peripherals together with a single connector
You can attach multiple peripherals using a single USB port with a USB hub

Ports and Connectors

A Member Of

32
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Power Supply
The power supply converts the wall outlet AC (Alternating Current) power into DC (Direct Current) power

Some external peripherals have an AC adapter, which is an external power supply

A Member Of

33
COM1012

MO1
Describe basic computer hardware, software, input, output, communication and network devices.

MO2
To apply the suitable office application to fulfill given task.

Power Supply

Power Supply AC adapter

A Member Of

COM1012

34