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B GIO DC V O TO I HC NNG

Cng trnh c hon thnh ti I HC NNG

Ngi hng dn khoa hc: PGS.TS.Tng Tn Chin NGUYN TH MINH HONG Phn bin 1: TS. Nguyn Vn Tun

NGHIN CU GII PHP S DNG HIU QU TI NGUYN TRONG MNG QUANG DNG ASON-GMPLS

Phn bin 2: TS. L Thanh Thu H

Lun vn c bo v trc Hi ng chm Lun vn tt nghip thc s k thut hp ti i hc Nng vo ngy 26 thng 6 nm 2011.

Chuyn ngnh: K thut in t M s: 60.52.70

TM TT LUN VN THC S K THUT C th tm hiu lun vn ti: - Trung tm thng tin hc liu, i hc Nng Nng - Nm 2011 - Trung tm hc liu, i hc Nng

M U 1. Tnh cp thit ca ti Trong nhng nm gn y, cng vi s pht trin ca mng vin thng v yu cu ngy cng cao ca ngi s dng, vic p ng v s dng hiu qu bng thng tr thnh mt vn cn quan tm hng u ca cc nh khai thc mng truyn dn. Mt s l do cho vic hn ch s dng bng thng trong mng quang hin ti l thi gian thit lp ng dn lu, ti nguyn d phng cho bo v kh ln v kh nng chuyn mch khng linh hot. Cng ngh ASON da trn cc giao thc ca GMPLS c pht trin nhm t ng ha mng truyn dn, tng t trng hot ng ca thit b v gim t trng tc ng ca con ngi. Kt qu l lm tng kh nng duy tr dch v, tng hiu qu s dng bng thng, tng cng kh nng qun l mng v gim chi ph v nhn lc. ASON c th p dng cho nhiu mng truyn dn hin ti nh SDH, WDM. 2. Mc ch nghin cu - Tm hiu cu trc h thng, cc giao thc hot ng ca ASONGMPLS. - Nghin cu v so snh cc c ch bo v trong mng s dng ASON v SDH. - Xy dng chng trnh m phng bng chng trnh OMNET++ nh gi hiu qu s dng ti nguyn. 3. i tng v phm vi nghin cu C rt nhiu yu t c quan tm trong vic nh gi hiu qu s dng ti nguyn mng. ti ny s ch phn tch da trn hai yu t c bn l kh nng chuyn mch dch v khi c s c v kh nng cn bng bng thng gia cc hng trong mng quang.

4. Phng php nghin cu Phng php nghin cu xuyn sut l kt hp l thuyt v m phng bng phn mm chuyn dng nh gi kh nng s dng hiu qu ti nguyn trong mng quang ca cng ngh ASONGMPLS. 5. ngha khoa hc v thc tin ca ti nh gi c kh nng s dng hiu qu ti nguyn trong mng quang s dng cng ngh ASON-GMPLS v so snh vi mng SDH truyn thng. a ra gii php xut ng dng cng ngh ASON-GMPLS vo mng quang hin ti. 6. Cu trc ca lun vn Cu trc lun vn gm 4 chng: CHNG 1 - TNG QUAN V GMPLS CHNG 2 MNG QUANG CHUYN MCH T NG ASON-GMPLS CHNG 3 - C CH BO V V KHI PHC DCH V TRONG ASON CHNG 4 - NH GI HIU QU S DNG TI NGUYN TRONG MNG QUANG DNG ASON-GMPLS

CHNG 1 - TNG QUAN V GMPLS 1.1. Gii thiu chng Trong nhng nm gn y cng vi s bng n ca Internet trn ton cu, cc dch v thoi v a phng tin cng ngy cng pht trin vi tc chng mt. Ko theo l vn v tc v bng thng ca cc dch v ny vt qu ti nguyn h tng ca mng Internet hin nay. Gii php c t ra i vi cc nh khoa hc l tm ra mt phng thc chuyn mch c th kt hp ng thi u im ca TCP/IP v ATM. Chuyn mch nhn l gii php p ng c nhu cu . S ra i ca chuyn mch nhn a giao thc MPLS gp phn gii quyt cc vn m cc mng ngy nay ang phi i mt nh tc , lu lng truyn, kh nng m rng cp mng, qun l cht lng dch v (QoS) p ng cc yu cu dch v v qun l bng thng cho giao thc Internet (IP) th h sau. GMPLS l s m rng ca MPLS cung cp mt phng bo hiu v nh tuyn chung cho cc thit b chuyn mch gi, chuyn mch theo thi gian, theo bc sng, theo si quang v theo khng gian. Chng ny s trnh by tng quan v cc cng ngh chuyn mch hin ti, s ra i ca GMPLS cng nh cc giao thc ca GMPLS. 1.2. Tng quan cc cng ngh chuyn mch hin ti 1.3. S ra i ca GMPLS T chc tiu chun k thut quc t v Internet IETF (International Engineering Task Force) m rng b giao thc MPLS gi l MPLS tng qut (GMPLS) cung cp mt phng bo hiu v nh tuyn cho cc thit b chuyn mch gi, chuyn mch

theo thi gian, theo bc sng, theo si quang v theo khng gian qua GMPLS. 1.4. Cc giao thc ca GMPLS 1.4.1. Giao thc nh tuyn (OSPF-TE) Trong mng GMPLS, giao thc nh tuyn c s dng l giao thc OSPF-TE, l s m rng ca giao thc OSPF. Giao thc OSPF-TE bao gm lin kt TE (Trafc Engineering), s phn cp LSP v cc LSA (Link State Advertisement). OSPF l mt giao thc da theo trng thi lin kt. Ging nh cc giao thc trng thi lin kt khc, mi b nh tuyn OSPF u thc hin thut ton SPF x l cc thng tin cha trong c s d liu trng thi lin kt. Thut ton to ra mt cy ng i ngn nht m t c th cc tuyn ng nn chn dn ti mng ch. Cc tnh nng to nn thnh cng ca giao thc ny gm: - Cn bng ti gia cc tuyn cng gi, vic s dng cng lc nhiu tuyn cho php tn dng c hiu qu ti nguyn mng. - Phn chia mng mt cch logic, iu ny lm gim bt cc thng tin pht ra trong nhng iu kin bt li. N cng gip kt hp cc thng bo v nh tuyn, hn ch vic pht i nhng thng tin khng cn thit v mng. - H tr nhn thc: OSPF h tr nhn thc cho tt c cc node pht thng tin nh tuyn. iu ny hn ch c nguy c thay i bng nh tuyn vi mc ch xu. - Thi gian hi t nhanh hn: OSPF cho php truyn cc thng tin v thay i tuyn mt cch tc th gip rt ngn thi gian hi t cn thit cp nht cu hnh mng. - H tr CIDR v VLSM cho php nh qun tr mng c th phn phi ngun a ch IP mt cch c hiu qu hn.

1.4.2. Giao thc bo hiu (RSVP-TE) Giao thc RSVP-TE l giao thc m rng da trn giao thc RSVP. Chc nng ca RSVP l bo hiu v duy tr ti nguyn dnh ring qua mt mng. RSVP c ba chc nng c bn l thit lp v duy tr ng i (Path setup and maintenance); hy ng i (Path teardown); v bo li (Error signalling). RSVP l mt giao thc trng thi mm (soft-state protocol) ngha l cn ti bo hiu trn mng lm ti nh k cho n. 1.4.3. Giao thc qun l lin kt (LMP) Giao thc qun l lin kt trong GMPLS l giao thc ng dng im-im s dng cng 701 trn UDP. Cc bn tin ca LMP c trao i gia cc node cn k nhau trn mt phng d liu. LMP ph thuc vo a ch cc knh iu khin. ID ca cc node c cp bi giao thc IGP. Chc nng ca LMP gm : - Qun l knh iu khin (Control Channel Management): khi mt mng c khi ng th cc node lin k trao i bn tin LMP vi nhau thit lp s ng nht v dung lng kt ni. - Pht hin kt ni mi (Link Discovery): khi mng c thm mt node mi th LMP s gi cc bn tin thng bo ti cc node ln cn. - Trao i thng tin v dung lng knh (Link Capabilities Exchange): sau khi pht hin c cc lin kt mi th cc LSR s thng bo cc tham s lin kt ca kt ni mi tham gia vi cc node ln cn. - Kim tra lin kt (Link Verication): c thc hin kim tra trng thi lin kt gia cc node. Vic kim tra cc lin kt cng ng thi pht hin ra nhng thay i v kt ni hoc nhng li xy ra trong mng.

- Cch ly li (Fault Isolation): y l nhim v quan trng ca LMP, LMP c nhim v pht hin li kt ni, cch ly, bo li v chuyn mch. - Xc thc (Authentication): chc nng xc thc lin kt cha c chun ha trong GMPLS nhng c s dng tng tnh tin cy trong qu trnh nh tuyn ca GMPLS. 1.5. Kt lun chng Chng ny trnh by cc cng ngh chuyn mch ang c s dng hin ti, qua cho thy u im ca cng ngh MPLS cng nh GMPLS trong cc ng dng ca mng hin ti. Cc giao thc ca GMPLS cng c gii thiu chi tit trong chng ny, y l c s to nn mt phng iu khin v mt phng qun l cho cng ngh ASON-GMPLS s c gii thiu chng sau. CHNG 2 MNG QUANG CHUYN MCH T NG ASON-GMPLS 2.1. Gii thiu chng Chng ny gii thiu v mng chuyn mch bo v t ng ASON gm cu trc h thng, phn mm thit b v s kt hp ca ASON vi cc giao thc ca GMPLS to thnh cng ngh chuyn mch ASON-GMPLS. Mng quang s dng ASON c mt s c im so vi mng SDH v WDM truyn thng nh sau: - C thut ton tnh ton ng i t ng da trn cc thng s quang - H tr iu chnh t ng cc bc sng trong qu trnh ti nh tuyn hay ti u mng gii quyt vn xung t bc sng. - T ng cu hnh dch v t im u n im cui

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- T ng pht hin cu hnh mng. - Cung cp mng li nn c th nng cao kh nng khi phc ca mng. - H tr cc loi dch v khc nhau vi cc mc bo v khc nhau - C th nh tuyn v iu chnh lu lng mt cch t ng trong cu trc mng theo thi gian thc ti u ti nguyn ca mng. 2.2. S cn thit ca ASON 2.3. Cu trc h thng ASON 2.3.1. Phn lp h thng ASON Phn lp h thng ASON gm c ba lp l mt phng iu khin, mt phng qun l v mt phng truyn dn.

nh tuyn, bo hiu v qun l kt ni trong mng. Cc chc nng ny do phn mm ASON iu khin.

Hnh 2.2: Cu trc node mng ASON

Hnh 2.1: Cu trc h thng ASON 2.3.2. Cu trc node mng ASON Cc node ASON cng c cc chc nng c bn nh mt node mng truyn thng. Cu trc node mng ASON gm hai phn. Mt phn thc hin cc chc nng chuyn mch, iu khin v thng tin, y l cc chc nng c bn ca mt node truyn dn quang. Mt phn m rng h tr cc giao thc GMPLS thc hin cc chc nng Hnh 2.3: Cu trc ca phn mm ASON

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2.3.3. Cc loi kt ni v lin kt trong ASON 2.4. S kt hp cu trc ASON v b giao thc GMPLS 2.4.1 S pht trin ca GMPLS trong IETF 2.4.2. S pht trin ca ASON trong ITU 2.4.3 Hot ng ca mng quang s dng ASON-GMPLS 2.4.3.1 Hot ng ca giao thc LMP Giao thc LMP thc hin hai chc nng chnh. N thc hin vic to v duy tr knh qun l gia cc thit b ASON ln cn. Khi hai thit b ASON ln cn c to ra, LMP s dng mo u OTN hay knh DCC trao i thng tin. Giao thc LMP s thc hin xc nh cc kt ni v knh lu lng gia hai thit b. Sau khi knh iu khin c to ra, mt thuc tnh c thc hin i vi cc knh lu lng xc nh c thng tin v knh lu lng hay khng xc nh v cu hnh cc knh lu lng. 2.4.3.2 Hot ng ca giao thc OSPF-TE Trong mng quang s dng ASON, giao thc OSPF-TE s pht hin cc node ASON t ng bng cch gi cc gi giao thc. Sau khi pht hin ra cc node ln cn giao thc OSPF-TE s gi thng tin v node ln cn ny cho cc node khc. Cui cng, cc node ASON u c thng tin v cc node ASON khc trong mng. Khi mt node ASON c ln mi trong mng th cc node khc c th t ng pht hin ra node mi ny thng qua giao thc OSPF-TE. Khi mt node ASON c xa khi mng th cc node khc cng c th pht hin ra iu ny. 2.4.3.3 Hot ng ca giao thc RSVP-TE Giao thc RSVP-TE l mt kiu bo hiu v mt qun l lu lng, RSVP-TE c m rng t RSVP, thc hin cc chc nng

to v xa LSP; hiu chnh cc thuc tnh ca LSP; ti nh tuyn cho cc LSP; ti u cc LSP. 2.5. Mt s tnh nng khc ca ASON Ngoi ba giao thc h tr bi GMPLS, ASON cn c mt s tnh nng khc nng cao hiu qu s dng ti nguyn trong mng gm: - Kt hp dch v: chc nng ny dng kt hp cc dch v cng loi c u ni vo mng t hai hay nhiu im khc nhau. Cc dch v ny phi c nh tuyn theo cc ng khc nhau. Khi c s c vi mt ng, qu trnh ti nh tuyn v ti u dch v s nh tuyn cho LSP mi ny sang ng khc khng trng vi ng i ca LSP cn li m bo dch v lun c bo v theo hai hng khc nhau. - Thuc tnh nhm kt ni chung cp SRLG (Share Risk Link Group) l thuc tnh c dng nhn bit cc kt ni chung cp vi nhau. Khi cp ny b t th cc kt ni s dng si trn cp ny cng mt theo. Vi tnh nng nh tuyn t ng trong ASON, thuc tnh SRLG gip cho vic to, ti nh tuyn cc LSP t ng trong ASON khng i qua cc hng chung cp, hn ch nh hng dch v khi c s c t cp. - Thuc tnh LCAS (Link Control Adjusment Scheme) l c ch iu khin dung lng t ng ca cc dch v. Vi c ch ny, bng thng ca dch v ch gim i ch khng mt hon ton khi c s c t cp. Bng thng ny s c khi phc bnh thng khi ht s c. Trng hp dch v c khai trn hai hng s dng LCAS, khi b s c mt hng th hng cn li s gnh ton b lu lng, khng gy nh hng n dch v.

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2.6. Kt lun chng Chng ny trnh by cc vn c bn ca ASON gm s ra i, cu trc h thng, cu trc phn mm, cch thc hot ng cng nh cc tnh nng khc ca ASON. S kt hp gia ASON v cc giao thc ca GMPLS cng c cp n nh mt phn quan trng trong c ch hot ng ca mng quang s dng ASONGMPLS. CHNG 3 - C CH BO V V KHI PHC DCH V TRONG ASON 3.1. Gii thiu chng Chng ny gii thiu cc c ch bo v trong mng SDH v ASON, qua so snh nh gi cc phng thc bo v ny. 3.2. Cc c ch bo v trong mng quang SDH 3.2.1. Mt s khi nim c bn 3.2.2. Cc c ch bo v trong mng t khi phc 3.2.2.1. Bo v on ghp knh tuyn tinh 3.2.2.2. Bo v vng ring 3.2.2.3. Bo v mng con 3.2.2.4. So snh cc c ch bo v trong mng SDH Bo v on ghp knh: l ng dng n gin nht trong mng. Vic khi phc lu lng ca c ch bo v ny l ngay lp tc v rt hiu qu i vi cc nguyn nhn li gy ra bi cc thnh phn quang v in ca cc node. Nhng kiu bo v ny khng lm vic khi cp quang b t (thng xuyn xy ra) do thng th tt c si quang nm trong mt cp (c hng chnh v hng bo v). ci thin iu ny th hng bo v phi nm cp khc v vt l.

Phng php ny kh tn km do ng cp d phng di v cng ch bo v khi li ng truyn m khng bo v khi node li. PP ring hai si n hng: tt c cc tn hiu a vo ring s n ni thu theo hai hng, iu c ngha l cc tn hiu truyn theo ng nh tuyn di v cc khe thi gian khng th s dng li. Nh vy, dung lng mng gii hn mc STM-N. i vi PP ring hai si hai hng, mng cng tng t nhng tn hiu truyn theo ng nh tuyn c nh do t b xo trn hn trong n hng. MSP ring hai hng: cho dung lng mng cao. MSP ring hai si n hng dnh ring c s dng trong vi trng hp c bit nh cu trc ring-line ch truyn STM-1 v n phi c bo v lu lng gia ring v line. MSP ring hai si n hng dnh ring t khi dng cho h thng STM-4 tr ln. SNCP hu nh cng ging nh mt PP ring. C hai u c bo v dnh ring, v th dung lng mng l nh nhau mc STMN c nh v b hn ch s lng node. SNCP c nhiu hiu qu trong cc mng phc tp, nh mng inter-ring (hai ring cng chung u-cui). 3.3. Bo v v khi phc trong mng ASON 3.3.1 Bo v v khi phc trong mng ASON Mng SDH truyn thng s dng cc c ch bo v l chnh m bo cht lng dch v. Trong mng quang s dng ASONGMPLS, bn cnh cc phng thc bo v truyn thng, ASON nng cao hiu qu s dng ti nguyn cng nh m bo an ton cho dch v khi c s c bng cc bin php khi phc dch v t ng. Trong cc c ch bo v, thi gian chuyn mch dch v nhanh nhng t l s dng bng thng thp. Trong c ch khi phuc, cn tn nhiu thi gian nh tuyn li dch v.

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Cc c ch khi phc dch v c th phn loi thnh c ch khi phc dch v trung tm v c ch khi phc dch v phn tn da vo c ch iu khin. Nu c ch khi phc trung tm c s dng, h thng iu khin trung tm c yu cu iu khin ton b mng theo yu cu chung. H thng iu khin trung tm cha d liu ca mng, n lu tr thng tin ca ton b cc node mng, kt ni v ti nguyn ri. Khi mt kt ni hay mt node b li, thng tin li c gi n h thng iu khin trung tm thng qua cc tuyn khc. H thng iu khin trung tm tnh ton ng i v thay th tuyn li da trn cc thng tin lu trong c s d liu, sau gi lnh iu khin ti cc node. Mt tuyn mi c to ra khi phc dch v. C ch khi phc phn tn khng cn h thng iu khin trung tm. Khi mt kt ni li, hai node hai u cui ca kt ni li pht hin li v truyn thng tin n ton b mng. Tng t, khi mt node li, cc node k cn pht hin li v truyn thng tin n ton b mng. Cc LSP c lin quan n kt ni hay node b li s nh tuyn li v cc LSP mi s c to ra khi phc dch v. 3.3.2 Cc loi hnh dch v trong ASON 3.3.2.1 Bo v 1+1 v khi phc cho dch v kim cng (diamond) 3.3.2.2 Bo v cho dch v vng (gold) 3.3.2.3 Bo v cho dch v bc ( silver) 3.3.2.4 Bo v cho dch v ng (copper) 3.3.2.5 Bo v cho dch v st (Iron) 3.3.2.6 So snh cc loi dch v trong ASON Diamond an ton dch Cao nht Gold Cao Silver V a Copper Thp Iron Thp nht

v Bo v v C th bo C th bo C khi phc v v khi v v khi khi phc v dch phc v dch phc dch v th Khng khng khi phc dch v C bo v ch SNCP ti tuyn Thi gian Thi chuyn mch chuyn mch 50ms Thi < 1s thng Gi thnh Rt t t V a Thp Rt thp 3.4. Kt lun chng Mng SDH truyn thng ch t ng bo v dch v, vic khi phc dch v ch c thc hin khi c s phc hi v cp hay cc nguyn nhn gy ra gin on thng tin. Mi vic lin quan n nh tuyn li dch v u phi thc hin nhn cng, gy tn thi gian v cng sc trong vic khai bo dch v. ASON khc phc c iu . ASON vn s dng cc c ch bo v trong SDH nhng thm kh Thp dng bng gian Thi chuyn < mch 50ms gian Thi < 1s V a Cao Rt cao Rt cao gian Thi gian < nh tuyn < gian 1s v MSP v ti Ti nh nh nh tuyn tuyn Khng v, khng khi phc dch v bo v, bo

nh tuyn nh tuyn

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vo l kh nng phc hi dch v t ng khi c s c, ti u c thi gian cng nh ti nguyn d phng trn mng. CHNG 4 - NH GI HIU QU S DNG TI NGUYN TRONG MNG QUANG DNG ASON-GMPLS 4.1. Gii thiu chng Ti nguyn trong mng quang gm ti nguyn thit b, nhn cng, dung lng cc vng ring, cc kt ni v kh nng chuyn mch ca dch v. Hiu qu s dng ti nguyn trong mng quang c nh gi bng hiu qu s dng cc ti nguyn trn. 4.2.nh gi hiu qu s dng ti nguyn ca mng quang hin ti Mng quang hin ti s dng cng ngh chnh l SDH v WDM. Vi mng SDH, cc c ch bo v thng gp l PP-ring, MSP ring v SNCP. Kh nng chuyn mch dch v cng nh hiu qu s dng bng thng ca mng SDH trong cc c ch bo v nh sau. Bng 4.1: So snh cc c ch bo v trong mng SDH Phng thc Bo v tuyn bo v Dung lng Thi Giao APS Cu mng p dng phc tp n gin Phc tp n gin trc Ring c Ring Tt c cc cu trc mng chuyn mch thc Ty Cn Ty STM-N gian < 15ms Bo v on Bo v mng con STM-N Khng gii hn ghp knh M/2 * STM-N < 50ms

S node ln Khng nht c bo v hn dng Tuyn

gii 16 on ghp knh

Khng gii hn Tuyn

Vi mng WDM hin ti, c ch bo v s dng ch yu l bo v theo cp v bo v theo bc sng. C hai c ch bo v ny u yu cu c ti nguyn d phng ri thc hin chuyn mch khi cn. Tm li, trong mng quang s dng SDH v WDM hin ti, lng ti nguyn s dng cho d phng bo v l kh ln trong khi kh nng chuyn mch bo v li khng linh hot, trong trng hp c s c c hng bo v v hng chnh th vic khi phc dch v ch c th thc hin nhn cng. 4.3. u nhc im khi s dng ASON Cng ngh ASON c cc u im ni bt so vi SDH - Mt l khai bo dch v mi, ch cn chn im u, im cui, bng thng v loi bo v, mng s tnh ton v thit lp dch v t ng. Do , gim c chi ph v thi gian v nhn lc trong vic khai thc. - Hai l kh nng tn dng bng thng. T l ti nguyn lm vic trn ti nguyn bo v ca SDH truyn thng l 1:1. Trong khi ASON cung cp cc loi dch v c th dng chung ti nguyn d phng bo v. Do gim ng k ti nguyn dnh sn cho bo v. - Ba l s a dng dch v vi nhiu mc bo v. ASON p ng nhiu loi dch v vi mc bo v khc nhau ty theo yu cu ca tng loi lu lng. p dng ASON cn ch hai yu t l vn qui hoch mng v kh nng lm ch thit b.

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4.4. Gii php ng dng cng ngh ASON-GMPLS vo mng quang hin ti i vi mng SDH hay WDM, hai trong ba ng trc s c u thnh ring to thnh mt ring bo v cho dch v. i vi ASON, thay v dng hai trc, tt c cc trc u c th u li vi nhau to thnh mt mng li s dng cng ngh ASON, m bo cho dch v c bo v tt nht. Vic s dng tt c cc trc u li vi nhau khng gy hn ch cho vic m rng h thng sau ny v phn ln cc trc u s dng cng ngh DWDM, cc ring u trong mng li ny ch s dng mt bc sng trn mi trc nn hon ton c th m rng h thng bnh thng nh vi vic s dng cng ngh SDH v DWDM n thun. Hnh 4.2: M t cu trc mng trc s dng cng ngh ASON 4.5. Chng trnh v kt qu m phng 4.5.1 Gii thiu chng trnh m phng OMNET ++ 4.5.2 M hnh mng v kt qu m phng 4.5.2.1 M phng cho mng SDH

Hnh 4.4: M hnh m phng cho mng SDH Kt qu m phng cho dch v trong trng hp mt cc hng khai bo dch v. i vi dch v khai khng bo v.

Hnh 4.1: M t cu trc mng trc s dng cng ngh SDH v DWDM

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4.5.2.2 M phng cho mng ASON M hnh m phng cho ASON.

Hnh 4.5: Dch v gi v nhn gia hai node trc khi c s c (hnh bn tri) v sau khi c s c (hnh bn phi) i vi dch v khai bo v hai hng Hnh 4.8: M hnh mng s dng giao thc RSVP-TE Mi node mng gm cc module thc hin chc nng RSVPTE v module MPLS thc hin truyn dch v. Ngoi ra cn c module TED thc hin tm ng i ngn nht theo giao thc OSPF-TE. M phng kt qu chuyn mch dch v khi c s c xy ra vi hng khai bo. Khi cha c s c dch v c nh tuyn theo cc node R1, R3, R4, R5. Khi c s c vi node R4, dch v s t ng nh tuyn li sang hng R1, R3, R7, R5. Hng nh tuyn ny c th xc nh da trn gi tr nhn c mi hng i ca mi node mng nh hnh 4.10, 4.11 v 4.12.

Hnh 4.7: Dch v gi v nhn gia cc node khi c s c mt hng (hnh bn tri) v s c hai hng (hnh bn phi)

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Hnh 4.12: Biu m phng gi tr nhn c ti cc hng i ca cc node khi c s c hai hng Hnh 4.10: Biu m phng gi tr nhn c tai cc hng i ca cc node trc s c Thc hin m phng kh nng cn bng ti bng thng trn cc hng. Theo biu , ti lu lng ti cc hng tng i ng u, tuy nhin vn phn bit c hng nh tuyn chnh ca lung dch v.

Hnh 4.11: Biu m phng gi tr nhn c ti cc hng i ca cc node khi c s c mt hng

Hnh 4.14: Biu hiu qu s dng bng thng cc node

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4.6. Kt lun chng Chng ny trnh by cc ci tin ca mng cho ph hp p dng ASON-GMPLS trong iu kin hin ti v cc kt qu m phng nh gi vic s dng hiu qu ti nguyn trong mng quang. Vic thay th ton b mng SDH bng ASON trong iu kin hin ti l cha th thc hin c do nhiu nguyn nhn bao gm gi thnh cng nh cu trc h thng tuy nhin ASON chng minh c nhng u im ca mnh trong vic nng cao hiu qu s dng ti nguyn ca mng. Vi nhng u im ni tri ny, vic p dng ASON vo mng thc t ch cn l vn thi gian. KT LUN V KIN NGH S pht trin ca mng vin thng dn n iu tt yu l mng li truyn dn ngy cng c m rng v phc tp, i hi phi c mt c ch qun l v s dng hiu qu ti nguyn mng. Bn cnh , yu cu ngy cng cao v cht lng v an ton dch v i hi c mt c ch chuyn mch linh hot c thi gian p ng nhanh. Mng truyn dn quang vi cc cng ngh truyn dn hin ti da trn khai thc nhn cng dn bc l mt s nhc im trong vic p ng nhu cu pht trin ca mng. ASON-GMPLS ra i nh mt gii php gii quyt vn ny. Vi kh nng chuyn mch t ng, kh nng nh tuyn, ti nh tuyn cho dch v, cng nh kh nng cn bng bng thng gia cc kt ni trong mng, ASON khc phc c cc nhc im m cc cng ngh SDH hay WDM hin ti ang gp kh khn x l. Qua gii quyt c vn quan tm hng u ca cc nh cung cp dch v truyn dn l s dng hiu qu ti nguyn v m bo an ton cho dch v.

ASON-GMPLS c nhiu u im tuy nhin vic p dng ASON vo mng thc t bng cch thay th ton b cc cng ngh c l iu cha th thc hin c do nhiu nguyn nhn nh vn kinh ph u t, cu hnh mng khng ph hp. Vn t ra l phi kt hp cc cng ngh truyn dn nh th no em li hiu qu tt nht. Lun vn cng xut m hnh ng dng ASON vo mng ng trc hin ti. Vic ng dng ny cn thch hp trong qu trnh m rng ca mng li vi vic hnh thnh cc vng core mi, va t hiu qu cao, va khng nh hng n cu trc, dch v hin c trn mng. V phn m phng, lun vn tin hnh m phng kh nng chuyn mch dch v khi c s c ca mng quang s dng ASONGMPLS so vi mng SDH truyn thng, qua thy c u im ca mng quang s dng ASON-GMPLS. Bn cnh , lun vn m phng c kh nng cn bng ti lu lng gia cc kt ni trong mng. y l tnh nng ni bt ca ASON, n gip cho vic ti u dung lng cc vng ring hay x l tnh trng tht c chai trong mng truyn dn tr thnh khng cn thit khi ng dng ASONGMPLS vo h thng. Lun vn ch mi tm hiu v l thuyt ASON-GMPLS qua xut ng dng vo mng ng trc thc t. Kh nng ng dng rng ri ASON-GMPLS vo mng hin ti cn nhiu hn ch do nhiu nguyn nhn. Hng pht trin tip theo ca ti l ra cc gii php thc t hn p dng ASON-GMPLS khng ch vo mng trc m cn vo cc mng lin tnh v hi t, gp phn s dng hiu qu hn ti nguyn trong mng quang cng nh an ton ca dch v l cao nht.