Portofolio TK3201 Jul 11 Footer

COURSE PORTFOLIO
TK3201
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA

SEMESTER II - 2010/2011

STUDY PROGRAM OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Instructor:
Dr. I Dewa Gede Arsa Putrawan

FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

July 2011

CONTENTS

CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................. i
1 Course Description ................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Syllabus, Goals and Outcomes ......................................................................................... 1
1.2 Learning System ............................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Prerequisites ..................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................ 3
1.5 Reading Materials ............................................................................................................ 3
2 Implementation ........................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 Class Meeting ................................................................................................................... 3
2.2 Evaluation ........................................................................................................................ 4
2.3 Grade Statistic .................................................................................................................. 4
3 Reflection ................................................................................................................................. 8
3.1 Advantages ....................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Disadvantages................................................................................................................... 8
3.3 Feedbacks ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.4 Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 10
A. 1. Syllabus ............................................................................................................................. 12
A.2. Learning System and Evaluation ....................................................................................... 13
A.3. Schedule ............................................................................................................................. 14
A.4. Relationships between Course Objectives and ABET Outcomes ...................................... 15
B.1. Examination Evidences ...................................................................................................... 18
B.2. List of Attendance .............................................................................................................. 24
B.3. Examination Problems ....................................................................................................... 31
B.4. Achievement of Student Outcome ..................................................................................... 44
C.1. Mid Examination ................................................................................................................ 48
C.2. Final Examination .............................................................................................................. 66
C.3. Quiz 1 ................................................................................................................................. 79
C.4. Quiz 2 ................................................................................................................................. 83
C.5. Quiz 3 ................................................................................................................................. 87
C.6. Assignment 1 ...................................................................................................................... 91
C.7. Assignment 2 ...................................................................................................................... 96
C.8. Assignment 3 .................................................................................................................... 100
C.9. Assignment 4 .................................................................................................................... 106
C.10. Assignment 5 .................................................................................................................. 111

TK3201 Chem Eng FTI-ITB i

1 Course Description

1.1 Syllabus, Goals and Outcomes
This course introduces the basic physics and applications of the transport of heat, mass
and momentum. Topics cover: Basic concepts and practical applications of transport
phenomena, Fluid statics (simple transports of momentum, heat and mass), Introduction
to fluid dynamics (equations of motion, energy, continuity, transport phenomena in
complex systems, interphase transport, unsteady transport, multidimensional transport,
simultaneous transport), Fluid dynamic simulator (demo), and Practical applications of
transport equations.

The general objectives of this course are to use the conservation principles of momentum,
heat, and mass to develop models of fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer systems
that can be used to predict the behavior of real-process systems and to explain the
physical properties of a fluid and their consequence on fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass
transfer, expressed in terms of the Reynolds number, the Nusselt number, Sherwood
number and other dimensionless quantities. As measurable outcomes, students who are
successful in this course, i.e. to pass the course with a grade of C or better, should be able
to do the following by the time of the final exam:
1. Students have proficiency in describing and using the basic principles underlying
the momentum, heat and mass transports including Newtons law, Fouriers law,
Fickss law, non Newtonian fluid and microscopic balances.
2. Students can create conceptual and quantitative models of momentum, heat and
mass transports over simple bodies and in simple channels.
3. Students can estimate momentum, heat, and mass transfer rates in simple
engineering situations including velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles.
4. Students can determine the appropriate dimensionless quantities necessary for
modeling and scaling fluid flow, heat transfer, and mass transfer systems.
5. Students have an understanding and appreciation for the implications of the
science of transport phenomena on society as a whole (in scientific, historical and
economic contexts) and recognize connections between transport phenomena and
other areas of study.

TK3201-II-2010/2011 Chem Eng FTI-ITB 1 of 123

Among eleven student outcomes recommended by ABET Engineering Criteria 2000, the
students outcomes emphasized in this course are as follows:
Emphasized ABET Student Outcome (SO) Level
An ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering (SO a) Mid
An ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems (SO e) High
An ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary
for engineering practice (SO k)
Mid

The complete course syllabus and course schedule including the relation between course
objectives and ABET Student Outcomes can be found in Appendix A.

1.2 Learning System
Students are expected to take responsibility for their own learning. Instructor will lead
students through the steps necessary to do and will provide students with opportunities in
every class to test their learning and receive feedback. There will be reading and practice
problems assigned for every class. Students are expected to complete the reading and
make a substantial attempt at the practice problems prior to coming to class. There will be
a mini-quiz at the beginning of each class consisting of a single question from the reading
and practice problems. During class, instructor will spend time checking students
understanding of the material (by sampling) with concept questions, discussing difficult
or confusing topics, answering questions, working on group exercises and performing
demonstrations. Some classes will include a short lecture component, depending on the
complexity of the material. Feedback will be collected at the end of every class which
will be used to customize the class as needed. All practice problems will be due once a
week. This is a two unit course. Accordingly, the course has been designed to demand
approximately six hours per week of students time, including the class time. It is
expected that each student will prepare for and attend all of the classes.

1.3 Prerequisites
Microscopic balances are the bases of mathematical formulations of transport phenomena
which commonly result in complex deferential equations. Before taking this course,
students are expected to finish TK2201 Material and Heat Balances, TK2102 Chemical

Engineering Mathematics, and TK2104 Process Computation. Students are also expected
to have experience in attending TK3102 Chemical Reaction Engineering, TK2105 Fluid
and Particle Mechanics, TK2203 Heat Transfer, and TK3101 Separation Process.

1.4 Evaluation
Evaluations include examination, quiz and homework. Examinations consist of midterm
examination and final examination which are open book and open notes. Quizzes are
conducted at the beginning of classes consisting of a single question from the reading and
practice problems. Homeworks consist of all practice problems assigned during a given
week and will be collected in the next week.

1.5 Reading Materials
The primary reading material for the class is the book Transport Phenomena written by
Professors R. B. Bird, W. E. Stewart, and E. N. Lightfoot (2002). This textbook is
available at Library and booksellers. Additional readings include Transport Phenomena:
A Unified Approach by Professors R. S. Broadkey and H. C. Hersey (1988) and
Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena by Professor R. W. Fahien (1983). Handouts
are also available in softcopy and hardcopy.

2 Implementation

2.1 Class Meeting
In this semester, the class meeting time of this course was scheduled on Thursday, 7:00
9:00, started on January 27, 2011 and finished on May 5, 2011, total of 14 weeks,
excluding one holiday, i.e., Gong Xi Fa Cai on 3 February 2011. The attendance in
classes of students and instructor are 84% by average and 100%, respectively
(recapitulation from Administration Office). The lowest attendance of student was found
on 28 April 2011 (48%). It was due to student event (Lomba Rancang Pabrik Nasional).
Many students were in charge as Technical Committee at that event. The complete List of
Attendance and Class Minutes can be found in Appendix B.


2.2 Evaluation
Evaluations consisted of a middle examination, a final examination, quizzes and
assignments/homework. The mid examination was carried on March 17, 2011. The final
examination was carried on May 23, 2011, as scheduled by ITB. The problems of mid
examination covered the simple problems of momentum, heat, and mass transfers,
emphasizing the application of microscopic balances. The problems of final examination
included transport phenomena in complex systems unsteady, multidimensional,
simultaneous), applications of numerical methods in transport phenomena, and the
practical applications of transport equations. Students with class attendance below 80%
were not allowed to take final examination. Students grade was determined as 15%-Quiz,
15%-Homework, 25% of Mid Exam, and 45% of Final Exam. The examination problems
are given in Appendix B. Samples of students works are given in Appendix C.

2.3 Grade Statistic
Figure 1 shows the distribution of grade in Semester II-2009/2010. Among 58 students,
14% passed the course with grade A, 24% passed the course with grade AB, 26% passed
the course with grade B, 16% passed the course with grade BC, 16% passed the course
with grade C and 5% did not pass the course. Convertion of numerical grade to alphabetic
grade is as follows: A = [80 100], AB = [70 79], B = [60 69], BC = [50 59], C =
[40 49], D [30 39] and E [20 29]. With grade points of A, AB, B, BC, C, D, E equal
to 4.0, 3.5, 3.0, 2.5, 2.0, 1.0 and 0, respectively, it was found that the average grade points
of the whole class is 2.9 (close to the grade point of B). In other words, the average
achievement of the students was good (B). Figure 2 shows that 64% of students passing
the course with grade of minimum B. About 5% (three students) could not pass the
course. Their examinations were not satisfied, they did not understand the fundamentals
of transport phenomena, especially the microscopic balances. Moreover, they lost several
quizes and assignments.

As mentioned earlier, three ABET Student Outcomes are emphasized in this course.Those
three outcomes are Student Outcomes a, e and k which indicate the abilities to apply
mathematics, to formulate problems, and to utilize modern tools, respectively. Figures 3
and 4 show the distribution and cumulative distribution of outcome achievement. The
complete statistic of student outcome is given in Appendix B. Achievement of minimum

40% for all outcomes emphasized could be achieved by most student (80% to 90%
students). Minimum achievement of 60% for student outcomes a (mathematic), e
(formulation), and k (modern tool) could be achieved by 66%, 50%, and 79% students,
respectively. It can be seen that among the student outcomes emphasized in this course,
student outcome e (an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems) is
most difficult to achieve. Only about 10% of students achieved minimum 80% for this
outcome. This is the reason why the percentage of grade A is low (about 14%). As noted
earlier, the grade was mainly determined by examination results (total contribution of
examinations is 70%). The problems examined can be grouped into three categories: basic
concepts (could be answered by paying attention to classes), review (could be answered
by reviewing examples discussed in classes), and analysis (could be answered by further
studying course materials). Most problems are on the problem identification and
formulation. With the criteria mentioned previously, the students can achieve grade A if
they have good ability in identifying and formulating problems.


Figure 1. Distribution of Grade.

Figure 2. Cummulative Distribution of Grade.


Figure 3. Distribution of outcome achievement (ach).

Figure 4. Cummulative distribution of outcome achievement (ach).
Notes on SO (Level):
SO (a): an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering (mid)
SO (e): an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems (high)
SO (k): an ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering practice (mid)


3 Reflection

3.1 Advantages
The advantages of this year implementation could be viewed from the course materials.
Introduction to practical applications of transport phenomena in chemical engineering and
beyond chemical engineering such as civil engineering, medicine, biology, mining, sports,
etc, have added insight on the benefit of mastering transport phenomena. It has also
motivated students to study transport phenomena. Introduction to practical problems
which can be solved by study on transport phenomena at the beginning of the class
meeting is very important as Transport Phenomena is a fundamental course. Without
knowing the practical applications in industrial scales, students will think that transport
phenomena is a course which is only related to laboratory works. Introduction to CFD
simulator at the end of semester further improve the knowledge of students on the various
practical problems that can be solved by studying transport phenomena. In addition, this
year material also covered non Newtonian Fluids which are often found in food
industries. Videos on the unique behavior of non Newtonian Fluids have impressed the
students.

Numerous practical problems, e.g., the dead body, the iceberg, friction coefficients and
heat as well as mass transfer coefficients, boilling eggs, drying polymeric sheet, etc were
discussed in this year. Two weeks were spent to show to the students that many problems
in industries and daily life could be solved by transport equations. The problem allowed
students to utilize various transport solutions found in the textbook and to apply
numerical methods obtained in the Process Computation course on third semester.

3.2 Disadvantages
In this year, three students could not pass the minimum criteria. Moreover, the percentage
of grade A is rather low, only 14% of total students got grade A. Student outcome
assessment showed that the achievement on the ability to identify, formulate and solve
engineering problems is not satisfied.


3.3 Feedbacks
Feedbacks were obtained by questioner answered online which was managed by the
institute. The recapitulation of questioner was obtained from the Administration Office,
Study Program of Chemical Engineering. Fifty four of sixty four students answered the
questioner. The questioner consisted of eleven questions, covering the competency,
commitment, and attitude of instructor, the implementation and benefit of the course, as
well as the students attendance. The results, shown in Figure 5, were between 2.3 and
3.5, and the average was 3.3 (out of scale 4.0). By average, the responses are very good.
Most questions got answers above 3.0. The lowest was found for question 10 (student
capability after finishing the course), i.e., 2.5.

Figure 5. Results of questioner.
A. Instructor competency
1. Material mastery
2. Communication
B. Instructor commitment
3. Time utilization
4. Attendance
C. Instructor Attitude
5. Course preparation
6. Response and discussion
D. Course implementation
7. Explanation on course objectives, plans, and references
8. Appropriateness materials and credits
9. Grading based on more than one evaluation
E. Course benefit
10. Capability of students after attending the course
F. Students attendance
11. High attendance of students in classes

3.4 Recommendations
The followings need to consider for the implementation of Transport Phenomena course
in the next academic year:
a. Materials on simple practical problems which are found in industries as well as in
daily life need to be maintained. Such problems are easily found in Chemical
Engineering Education and also can be developed from the problems of standard
transport phenomena textbooks.
b. Group assignment, at least one assignment, is necessary to allow the students to
interact and discuss beyond class meetings in order to improve their
communication skills.
c. Ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems needs to be stressed
from the beginning. Students need to know that this outcome is very important in
solving practical problems on transport phenomena.


APPENDIX A

SYLLABUS, LEARNING SYSTEM AND EVALUATION


A. 1. Syllabus
Course code:
TK3201
Unit:
2
Semester:
2
Main area:
General
Category:
Compulsory

Course type Class
Course name Transport Phenomena
Short syllabus Introduction (Basic definitions and practical applications); Transport
without flows (one dimensional in steady state of momentum, heat and
mass); Transport with flows (equation of motion, equation of energy,
continuity equation of mixers and components, interphase transport,
unsteady transport, multidimensional transport, simultaneous
transport); Transport in turbulence regime; Introduction to fluid
dynamic simulator.
Complete syllabus This course dealing with phenomena on momentum, heat, and mass
transports. Topics cover : Introduction (basic definitions and practical
applications), Transport without flows (one dimensional in steady state
of momentum, heat and mass), Transport with flows (equation of
motion, equation of energy, continuity equation of mixers and
components, interphase transport, unsteady transport, multidimensional
transport, simultaneous transport), Transport in turbulence regime,
Introduction to fluid dynamic simulator.
General instructional
goals
To give understanding on mechanisms of momentum, heat and mass
transports in stationary and flowing fluids, and to give capability to
derive mathematical formulations for momentum, heat and mass
transports through microscopic balance and to solve them for practical
purposes.
Outcome This course gives skill in understanding and predicting distribution of
velocity, temperature, and composition through study on transport
phenomena.
Prerequisite 1. TK2201 MASS AND ENERGY BALANCES
2. TK2102 ANALYSIS ON CHEM. ENG. MATHEMATICS
3. TK2104 PROCESS COMPUTATION
Related courses 1. TK2202 KINETICS ON CHEM. REACTION AND CATALYSIS
2. TK3102 CHEM. REACTION TECHNIQUES
3. TK2105 FLUID MECHANICS
4. TK2203 HEAT TRANSFER PROCESS
5. TK3101 SEPARATION PROCESS 1
References 1. Bird,R. B., W.E. Stewart, and E.N. Lightfoot, 2002, Transport
Phenomena 2nd ed., John Wiley & Sons, New York
2. Broadkey,R.S. and H.C. Hersey, 1988, Transport Phenomena: A
Unified Approach, McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York
3. Fahien, R.W., 1983, Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena,
McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York


A.2. Learning System and Evaluation
Percentage
Knowledge = 60-80 %
Media
x White board
Skill = 20-40 % x OHP/Projector
Attitude = 0-10 % Computer (lab)
Activity (hour/week)
Course = 2 Courseware
Tutorial = - E-learning
Lab Works = - x Others :
(simulator)
Others = -
Assessment
Mid Exam = 50 % Grade Score
Final Exam = 40 % A 80 100
Homework = 5 % AB 70 79
Quiz = 5 % B 60 69
BC 50 59
C 40 49
E 0 39


A.3. Schedule
Week Topic Sub Topic Instructional Goals Act
1 Introduction Basic definitions
Practical cases
Students understand the importance of
studying transport phenomena.
Students understand the wide application of
transport phenomena.
C
2 Basic laws
and transport
properties
Basic laws
Transport properties
Students understand the mechanisms and basic
laws of momentum, heat, and mass transfers.
Students understand the physical meaning of
transport properties and the influences of
pressure and temperature on transport
properties.
C
3 Microscopic
balances
Simple momentum transfers
Microscopic balance of
momentum
Students can solve one dimensional
momentum transfer in steady state condition.
C
4 Microscopic
balances
Simple heat transfers
Microscopic balance of heat
Students can solve one dimensional heat
transfer in steady state condition.
C
5 Microscopic
balances
Simple mas transfers
Microscopic balance of mass
Students can solve one dimensional mass
transfer in steady state condition.
C
6 Equations of
changes
Equations of continuity
Energy equations
Equations of motion
Students understand the general equations for
solving transport phenomena problems.
C
7 Equations of
changes
Unsteady transport
phenomena
Analytical solution
Students can apply the general equations for
solving unsteady transport phenomena
problems.
Students can utilized analytical solutions
including graphics to solve unsteady transport
phenomena problems.
C
8 Mid exam E
9
10
Iterphase
transport and
turbulence
Interphase transport
Turbulence regime
Students can utilized empirical correlations on
friction factor, heat and mass transfer
coefficients.
Students understand dimensionless groups
commonly used in transport phenomena.
Students understand transport equations for
turbulence regimes.
C
11 Non
Newtonian
Fluids
Behavior of non Newtonian
Fluids
Basic laws and correlations
for non Newtonian Fluids
Students understand the characters of non
Newtonian Fluid and fascinating behavior
showed by non Newtonian Fluids.
Students understand correlations for non
Newtonian Fluids.
C
D
12
13

Finite
difference
Applications of finite
difference in transport
phenomena
Students can formulate finite difference
equations for complex momentum, heat, and
mass transfers.
Students can solve complex momentum, heat,
and mass transfers by numerical methods.
C
14
15
Practical
Problems
Application of transport
phenomena in industries
Students can solve practical problems found in
the area of chemical, biochemical, and food
industries.
C
P
16 Computation
fluid
dynamic
CFD Simulator Students understand the features and
capability of CFD Simulator.
C
D
17 Final exam E
Notes: C = class E = evaluation P = group presentation D = demo


A.4. Relationships between Course Objectives and ABET Outcomes
ABET outcomes (ABET Engineering Criteria 2000) are:
a) an ability to apply knowledge of mathematics, science and engineering
b) an ability to design and conduct experiments, as well as to analyze and interpret data
c) an ability to design a system, component or process to meet desired needs within realistic
constraints such as economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health and safety,
manufacturability and sustainability
d) an ability to function on multidisciplinary teams
e) an ability to identify, formulate and solve engineering problems
f) an understanding of professional and ethical responsibility
g) an ability to communicate effectively
h) the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a
global, economic, environmental and societal context
i) a recognition of the need for and ability to engage in life-long learning
j) a knowledge of contemporary issues
k) an ability to use the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for
engineering practice


No Course Objective Outcomes
1)
Evaluation
2)
1 Understanding the importance of study on transport
phenomena in solving chemical engineering problems.
e A, Q, E
2 Understanding variations of practical problems that can
be solved by studying transport phenomena.
e A, Q, E
3 Understanding mechanisms and basic laws of momentum,
heat, and mass transfers.
e A, Q, E
4 Understanding physical meanings of transport properties
and the influences of pressure and temperature on
transport properties.
e A, Q, E
5 Ability to solve one dimensional momentum, heat, and
mass transfers in steady state condition.
a, e A, Q, E
6 Ability to apply general equations for solving unsteady
transport phenomena problems.
a, e A, Q, E
7 Ability to utilize empirical correlations on friction factor,
heat and mass transfer coefficients.
e A, Q, E
8 Understanding dimensionless groups commonly used in
transport phenomena.
e A, Q, E
9 Understanding transport equations for turbulence
regimes.
a, e A, Q, E
10 Understanding characters of non Newtonian Fluid and
fascinating behavior showed by non Newtonian Fluids.
e A, Q, E
11 Understanding correlations for non Newtonian Fluids. e A, Q, E
12 Ability to formulate finite difference equations for
complex momentum, heat, and mass transfers.
e, k A, Q, E
13 Ability to solve complex momentum, heat, and mass
transfers by numerical methods.
k A, Q, E
14 Ability to solve practical problems found in the area of
chemical, biochemical, and food engineering.
a, e, k A, Q, E
15 Understanding the features and capability of CFD
Simulator
e, k A, Q, E
1)
ABET Student Outcome (SO),
2)
Assignment (A), Quiz (Q), Examination (E)

Contribution of Course to Meeting the Professional Component
Mathematics and basic sciences Engineering Topics General Education
1 credit 1 credit -


APPENDIX B

DOCUMENTATION AND STATISTIC


B.1. Examination Evidences


B.2. List of Attendance


B.3. Examination Problems

TKS2u1 TRANSP0RT PBEN0NENA
SENESTER II-2u1u2u11
NIBBLE EXANINATI0N
Thuisuay, 17 Naich 2u11
Time : 75 minutes (Close books/Close notes)

1. Explain biiefly why the viscosity of liquiu, in geneial, uecieases with
tempeiatuie.
2. The measuiement of viscosity by a capillaiy viscometei exploits the Bagen-
Poiseuille equation: P = 8LQ(R
4
), wheie P is piessuie uiop, is viscosity,
L is length, Q is volumetiic flow iate, anu R is insiue iauius. Wiite the
assumptions which must be obeyeu by the above equation.
S. Consiuei an egg being cookeu in boiling watei in a pan. Woulu you mouel the
heat tiansfei to the egg as one, two, oi thiee uimensional . Woulu the heat
tiansfei be steauy oi tiansient . Also, which cooiuinate system woulu you use to
solve this pioblem anu wheie you place the oiigin .
4. Consiuei a chilleu watei pipe of length L, innei iauius R
1
, outei iauius R
2
, anu
theimal conuuctivity k. Chilleu watei flows in the pipe at a tempeiatuie T
f
anu
the film heat tiansfei coefficient at the innei suiface is h. If the pipe is well
insulateu on the outei suiface: (a)-expiess the uiffeiential equation anu the
bounuaiy conuitions foi steauy one-uimensional heat conuuction thiough the
pipe, anu (b)-obtain a ielation foi the vaiiation of tempeiatuie in the pipe by
solving the uiffeiential equation.
S. A uimeiization ieaction of A is caiiieu out on a flat-suiface of catalyst with a
laige suiface aiea S. The catalyst suiface is suiiounueu by a stagnant gas film
thiough which A has to uiffuse to ieach the catalyst suiface. At the catalyst
suiface, the ieaction 2A A
2
occuis instantaneously, anu the piouuct A
2
then
uiffuses back out thiough the gas film to the main tuibulent stieam composing
of A anu A
2
. The gas-film has thickness d anu the concentiation of A in the main
gas stieam is x
A0
. The ieaction occuis in steauy conuition at constant piessuie
anu tempeiatuie, anu the iueal gas law can be applieu. Beiive the concentiation
piofile of A along the thickness of gas film.

1. The
flow
2. Stea
tub
S. Ass
uim
iau
hea
uui
the
in s
4. Ass
is
sinc
thic
sym
The
S. T
the
Ana
mat
Inte
con
the
e highei the
wability mea
auy flow co
e length is v
suming the e
mensional si
uial uiiection
at tiansfei p
iing cooking
entiie oute
spheiical coo
sumptions:
steauy anu
ce the pipe i
ckness, anu
mmetiy abou
eimal conuu
Theie is no
pipe.
alysis: Noti
thematical f
egiating the
nstant. Apply
variation of
T
tempeiatui
ans lowei vi
nuition, lam
veiy laige w
egg to be io
nce tempei
n only beca
piocess sinc
g. Also, the s
ei suiface of
oiuinates. T
1. Beat con
u one-uim
is long ielat
u theie is
ut the cente
uctivity is c
heat genei
ing that he
foimulation
J
Jr
_r
JI
Jr
]
e uiffeientia
ying the foll
-k
JI
Jr
_
=R
q|
=R2
=
temperature
TKS2u1 TR
SENE
NIBB
Thuis
ie, the laige
iscosity.
minai flow o
with iespect t
unu, heat ti
atuie uiffei
ause of symm
e the tempe
pheiical coo
f a spheiical
The oiigin is
nuuction
ensional
ive to its
theimal
ei line. 2.
constant.
iation in
eat tiansfe
of this piob
= u
al equation
owing boun
R1
= b(I
]
-
-k
JI
Jr
_
=R2
is determine
RANSP0R
ESTER II-2
BLE EXAN
suay, 17 N
SOLUT
i the uensit
of a fluiu, co
to tube iaui
iansfei to an
iences (anu
metiy abou
eiatuie at an
oiuinate sys
l bouy can b
placeu at th
ei is one-u
blem can be
twice gives
nuaiy conuit
- I|
=R1
) (N
= u (wcll i
ed to be T =
R
Watei
RT PBEN0
2u1u2u1
NINATI0
Naich 2u
TION
ty anu the be
nstant uens
ius, no slip c
n egg in boi
thus heat ti
ut the centei
ny point wit
stem coulu b
be uesciibeu
he centei of
uimensional
expiesseu a
s: T = C
1
ln
tions
Ncwton
i
s co
insulotcJ)
T
f
.
R
1
2
Insula
0NENA
11
N
11
ettei the flow
sity anu visc
conuition at
ling watei c
iansfei) wil
i point. This
thin the egg
be useu to so
u by a const
the egg.
in the ia
as
i + C
2
, whe
oling low)
ateu (q=u)
wability of l
cosity, Newt
the soliu su
can be moue
ll piimaiily
s woulu be
g will chang
olve this pio
tant value o
auial i uii
eie C
1
anu C
liquiu. uoou
tonian fluiu,
uiface.
eleu as one-
exist in the
a tiansient
ge with time
oblem since
f the iauius
iection, the
C
2
aibitiaiy
u
,
-
e
t
e
e
s
e
y
5. Ass
Nas
isot
Ana
min
mov
stoi
0.
con
Mak
= 0.
Inte
Wit
the

sumptions: 1
ss uiffusivit
theimal anu
alysis: There
nus z direct
ving in the
ichiometry o
5N
Az
, wher
ndition at any
king a mass
. Insertion of
egration twic
th the follow
final result i
1. Nass uiffu
ty anu tota
u isobaiic co
e is one mole
tion for eve
e plus z
of the reacti
re B stands
y value of z.
N
Az
=
c
1 -
balance on s
f the express
J
Jx
_
c
A
1 - u
ce with respe
-2 ln (1 0
wing boundary
x
A
= x
A0
at
x
A
= 0 at z
is then
(1 0.5 x
A
usion is stea
al concentia
onuition.
e of A
2
mov
ery two mo
direction. F
ion, therefor
s for A
2
, a
This relation
c
AB
-u.Sx
A
Jx
A
Jz
species A ov
ion for N
Az
,
AB
.Sx
A
Jx
A
Jz
] =
ct to z gives
0.5 x
A
) = C
1
y conditions
t z = 0
z = d (the rea
A
) = (1 0.5
auy anu one
ation aie co
ving in the
oles of A
From the
re: N
Bz
=
at steady
n may be sub
ver a thin slab
developed ab
= u
z + C
2

action occurs
x
A0
)
1-z/d
-uimensiona
onstant sinc
bstituted into
b of thicknes
bove, into th
s instantaneou
z=u
z=u
eu
ca
al since the
ce the syst
the Ficks la
ss z in the g
his equation g
usly)
uge of stagn
atalyst suifac
suiface aie
tem is an i
aw II which
gas film lead
gives (for co
A
A
nant gas film
ce
a is laige. 2.
ueal gas at
gives
ds to dN
Az
/dz
nstant D
AB
):
A
2
z
m
.
t
z
TK3201 TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
SEMESTER II-2010/2011
FINAL EXAMINATION
Monday, 23 May 2011
100 minutes (Open Books/Handout/Notes)

1. What is a non-Newtonian fluid ? What is the power-law model ? [10%]
2. How do numerical solution methods differ from analytical ones ? What are the advantages and
disadvantages of numerical analytical methods ? [15%]
3. Consider transient one-dimensional heat conduction in a plane wall
with thickness d, no heat generation, and constant thermal
conductivity, initially at homogeneous temperature T
0
. One of the
surfaces is then well isolated and the other is kept at temperature T*.
Obtain the explicit finite difference formulation of this problem. [20%]
4. Consider a cold canned drink left on a dinner table. Would you model the heat transfer to the drink
as one, two, or three-dimensional ? Would the heat transfer be steady or transient ? Also, which
coordinate system would you use to analyze this heat transfer problems, and where would you place
the origin ? Explain ! [15%]
5. Imagine that you are spending time this morning in a small town near a mount on your way home for
holidays. At about 10:00 a.m., the local police officer calls you and asks for your help. He knows
that you are a chemical engineer, and naturally assumes you have some knowledge on forensic
chemistry. It seems that the body of Mr. Dagdag, a local car dealer, had been found somewhat earlier
in a heavily wooded area just outside the town. The local forensic doctor was out of office for
seminar and there was no one else to estimate the time of death. Mr. Dagdag had been known to deal
in hot cars and was to be going to the police to confess and name his four accomplices, Mr. Kelor,
Mr. Salam, Mr. Bun, and Mr. Sawi. Mr. Kelor had been known to be out of town until 3:00 a.m., this
dawn. Mr. Salam had a solid alibi from 1:00 a.m., this dawn. Mr. Bun was with his girl until about
5:00 p.m., early evening yesterday. Mr. Sawi was in jail yesterday for drunkenness, he was not
released until 11:00 p.m., last night. When you finally get to the body it is about 11:00 a.m. You
measure a rectal temperature (equivalent to core or center temperature) of 80 F. The air temperature
was known to be constant, about 70 F. Luckily, you brought your text book of Prof. Birds
Transport Phenomena. Calculate the latest possible time the murder could have occurred and state
the possible suspect. For practical purposes, assume Mr. Dagdag to be shaped like a cylinder
with diameter of 10 inches. Furthermore, the human body temperature and thermal diffusivity are
assumed to be 99F and 0.0058 ft
2
/hr, respectively. [20%]
6. Jugs made of porous clay were commonly used to cool water in the past. A small amount of water
that leaks out keeps the outer surface of the jug wet at all times, and hot and relatively dry air
flowing over the jug causes this water to evaporate. Part of the latent heat of evaporation comes from
the water in the jug, as a result, the water is cooled. If the environment conditions are 1 atm, 30
o
C,
and 35% relative humidity, determine the temperature of the water when steady conditions are
reached. [20%]
well insulated
temperature T
o
d
TK3201 TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
SEMESTER II-2010/2011
FINAL EXAMINATION
Solution

1. A non-Newtonian fluid is a material with viscosity at a fixed temperature is not constant, but depends
on shear rate and could also depend on the time of shear and previous shear and thermal history.
Power Law model: = K ()
n
where is momentum flux, is velocity gradient, K and n are constants.

2. The analytical solutions are based on (1) deriving the governing differential equation by performing
an energy balance on a differential volume element, (2) expressing the boundary conditions in the
proper mathematical form, and (3) solving the differential equation and applying the boundary
conditions to determine the integration constants. The numerical solution methods are based on
replacing the differential equations by algebraic equations. In the case of the popular finite difference
method, this is done by replacing the derivatives by differences. The analytical methods are simple and
they provide solution functions applicable to the entire medium, but they are limited to simple
problems in simple geometries. The numerical methods are usually more involved and the solutions
are obtained at a number of points, but they are applicable to any geometry subjected to any kind of
thermal conditions.

3. Energy equation:
oI
ot
= o
o
2
I
ox
2

IC : T = T
0
BC 1 : q = k dT/dt = 0 at x = 0 BC 2 : T = T* at x = d (upper surface as origin).
An explicit finite difference formulation is obtained by evaluating space finite difference at lower time
level.
For example, if time is approached by forward difference and space by center finite difference:
I
n+1
I
n
t
= o
I
+1
n
2I
n
+ I
-1
n
(x)
2

I
n+1
= I
n
+
ot
(x)
2
(I
+1
n
2I
n
+ I
-1
n
)
where i and n stand for space and time nodes, respectively.

4. Heat transfer to a canned drink can be modeled as two-dimensional since temperature differences (and
thus heat transfer) will exist in the radial and axial directions (but there will be symmetry about the
center line and no heat transfer in the angular direction. This would be a transient heat transfer process
since the temperature at any point within the drink will change with time during heating. Also, we
would use the cylindrical coordinate system to solve this problem since a cylinder is best described in
cylindrical coordinates. Also, we would place the origin somewhere on the center line, possibly at the
center of the bottom surface.

5. This
transf
12 of
other
surfac
losse
wood
Assum
for co
From
b = 0
hours
Possi

6. Assum
and m
satura
invol
Prope
avera
surfac
be 20
of 25
W
D
The m
water
Analy
equat
I
S
=
where
Ic =
Note
better
the sa
from
P
v,
=
Notin
I
S
=
The a
evalu
is an unstead
fer in a cylin
f Bird [2002
r word, assu
ce temperatu
s is neglect
ded area.
ming infinit
ooling):
=
7u 8u
7u 99
m the graph,
0.5(10 in)(
s 48 minutes
ible suspects
mptions: 1. T
mass transfer
ated air at 3
lved in this a
erties: Becau
age temperat
ce temperatu
0C. Then, th
C and 1 atm
Water at 20
Dry air at 20
mass diffusiv
r and air are
ysis: The su
tion as
I

b
]g
Cp Ic
e the Lewis n
o
AB
=
2.14
2.S
that we cou
r accuracy. T
aturation pre
the surface i
= P
sat,T
= (
ng that the at
SuC
(1.
accuracy of
uated at (30+
dy one dimen
nder. Refer t
2]. Assume m
ume no film
ure of the b
ted as the b
Use Figur
te length (he
u
9
= u.S4 =
t/b
2
= 0.28
1 ft/12 in)=0
s). Murder,
are Mr. Saw
The low mas
r is applicab
00 K). 2. Bo
ssumption is
use of low m
ture of (T
+T
ure Ts. We kn
he properties
m are
C: h
fg
= 2,45
0C: Cp = 1.0
vity of water
18 and 29 kg
urface tempe
g
c
2 3
H
v
H
P
,S
number is
41 1u
-5
m
2
u 1u
-5
m
2
s
uld take the
The air at the
essure of wa
is determined
(0.35) (4.25
tmospheric p
2,4S4 k
uu7 k[kg
f this result
+16)/2 = 18C
nsional (radi
to Example 1
maximum ra
m resistance
ody is 70 C
body is foun
e 12.1.2 o
eight),(use th
u.SS
. Since =
0.42 ft, then
therefore, ha
wi and Mr. Bu
ss flux condi
le since the
oth air and w
s less than 1 p
mass flux con
T
S
)/2 which
now that T
<
s of water at
54 kJ/kg, P
v
=
007 kJ/kgC,
r vapor in air
g/kmol, respe
erature of th
P
,
P

s
s
= u.8S6
Lewis numb
e surface is s
ater at the su
d from
kPa) = 1.488
pressure is 1 a
k[kg
C)(u.8S6)
2
can be impr
C and water p
ial direction)
12.1.2 in Ch
ate of coolin
e in the air
C). The radi
nd in a he
of Bird [2
he right ord
0.0058 ft
2
/h
n t = 8.8 hou
ad to occur
un.
itions exist s
mass fractio
water vapor
percent). 3. R
nditions, we
cannot be d
<T
S
and, for
20C and th
= 2.34 kPa. P
, = 2.141 1
r at 25C is D
ectively.
he jug can
ber to be 1 f
saturated, and
urface tempe
8 kPa
atm = 101.3
3
18 kgkm
29 kgkm
roved by rep
properties at
) heat
hapter
ng. In
(the
iative
eavily
002],
dinate
r and
urs (8
around 2:12
o that the Ch
on of vapor i
at specified
Radiation eff
can use dry
determined a
the purpose
e properties
P
sat, 30C
= 4.2
10
-5
m
2
/s.
D
water-air
= 2.5
be determin
for simplicity
d thus the va
erature (2.34
Pa, substitut
mol
mol
(2.S4
1u1
peating the
t 16.0C. But
2 a.m. (11:0
hilton-Colbu
in the air is l
conditions a
fects are neg
air propertie
t this point b
of property e
of dry air at
25 kPa
50 10
-5
m
2
/s,
ned by rearr
y, but we ch
apor pressure
kPa). The v
ting the know
1.488)kPo
.S kPo
=
calculations
t the improve
00 a.m. 8
urn analogy b
low (about 2
are ideal gas
gligible.
es for the m
because of t
evaluation, w
the average
and the mol
ranging Chil
hose to incor
e at the surfa
vapor pressu
wn quantities
= 15. 9C
with dry ai
ement will b
hr 48 min).
between heat
2 percent for
es (the error
mixture at the
he unknown
we take T
S
to
temperature
ar masses of
lton-Colburn
rporate it for
ace is simply
ure of air far
s gives
ir properties
e minor.
.
t
r
r
e
n
o
e
f
n
r
y
r
s
TK3201 Quiz 1 (Close Book, 15 minutes) 24 Feb 11 Name (NI M): ___________________________

1. Explain the influence of temperature on the viscosity of liquid in general.

Answer:

The higher the temperature, the lower the density of liquid. Lower density results in better flowability so
that the viscosity of liquid becomes lower.

2. What are the viscosity of liquid water and the viscosity of air at ambient in cP ?

Answer:

Viscosity of liquid water (at room temperature) 1 cP
Viscosity of air (at room temperature) 0.001 cP (for any gas in general)

3. Derive the dimension of the thermal conductivity and write an example of its unit !

Answer:

Start from Fouriers Law for 1D Heat Transfer: q = k dT/dx or k = q/(dT/dx)
q [=] J/m
2
= N m m
-2
= kg ms
-2
m m
-2
= M T
-2

dT/dx [=] C/m = L
-1

k [=] M L
-1
T
-2

TK3201 Quiz 2 (Close Book, 15 minutes) 4 Mar 11 Name (NI M): ___________________________

1. Heat is flowing steadily in radial direction through an annular wall of inside radius R
i

and outside radius R
0
. The outer surface of the wall is kept at temperature T
0
. The inner
surface of the wall is in contact with a cooling fluid at bulk temperature T
f
and has a film
heat transfer coefficient h
i
. Write two boundary conditions for this problem.

Answer:

Boundary condition 1:
I|
=Ro
= I
0

Boundary condition 2:
q|
=R
=
(I|
=R
I
]
)

2. O
2
is diffusing steadily in axial direction at room condition through a circular duct which
is filled with stagnant water and has a constant cross area. Explain why, for this problem,
the molar flux of O
2
can be approached as N
O2
= D
O2,H2O
dC
O2
/dz, where z is axial
direction.

Answer:

From Ficks law II: N
O2
= -D
O2,H2O
dC
O2
/dz + x
O2
(N
O2
+N
H2O
).
Since the oxygen is insoluble in water, x
O2
0, then N
O2
= -D
O2,H2O
dC
O2
/dz.

TK3201 Quiz 3 (Close Book, 15 minutes) 14 Apr 11 Name (NI M): ___________________________

Write down the forward, central, and backward finite difference approximation for d
2
T/dz
2

with step size z.

Answer:

Forward
J
2
I
Jz
2
_
z

I
z+Az
2I
z+VAz
+I
z
(z)
2

Central
J
2
I
Jz
2
_
z

I
z+VAz
2I
z
+I
z-VAz
(z)
2

Backward
J
2
I
Jz
2
_
z

I
z
2I
z-VAz
+I
z-Az
(z)
2

Assignment 1
24 February 2011

1. For reaction in gas phase on a flat infinite catalyst plate with reaction rate of r
A
=k
1
, prove
that the concentration of A is given as follows:
1 u.Sx
A
= (1 u.Sx
A0
)
(1-z8)
(1 u.SN
Az
k
1
c)
z8

2. Problem 18.A.2 of Bird et al [2002]: Sublimation of small iodine sphere in still air
A sphere of iodine, 1 cm in diameter is placed in still air at 40 C and 747 mmHg pressure.
At this temperature, the vapor pressure of iodine is about 1.03 mmHg. We want to
determine the diffusivity of the iodine-air system by measuring the sublimation rate. To
help determine reasonable experimental conditions,
a. Estimate the diffusivity for the iodine-air system at the temperature and pressure
given above, using the intermolecular force parameters in Table E.1.
b. Estimate the rate of sublimation, basing your calculations on Eq. 18.2.27 (assume that
r
2
is very large).

Assignment 2
3 March 2011

From energy equation, derive the energy equation for unsteady axial heat transfer in a
cylinder having constant density, heat capacity and thermal conductivity. Rewrite the
equation in terms of dimensionless groups.

Assignment 3
24 March 2011

1. Problem 6.B.2 of Bird et al [2002]: Friction factor for flow along a flat plate.
An expression for the drag force on a flat plate, wetted both sides, is given in Eq. 4.4.30.
This equation was derived by using laminar boundary layer theory and is known to be in
good agreement with experimental data. Define a friction factor and Reynolds number,
and obtain the f versus Re relation.
2. Problem 6.B.3 of Bird et al [2002]: Friction factor for laminar flow in a slit.
Use the resultas of Problem 2.B.3 to show that for the laminar flow in a thin slit of
thickness 2B the friction factor is f = 12/Re, if the Reynolds number is defined as Re =
2B (v
z
) /. Compare this result for f with what one would get from the mean hydraulic
radius empiricism.
3. Problem 14.A.1 of Bird et al [2002]: Average heat transfer coefficients.
Ten thousand pounds per hour of an oil with a heat capacity of 0.6 BTU/lbmF are being
heated from 100F to 200F in the simple heat. The oil is flowing through the tubes,
which are copper, 1-in in outside diameter, with 0.065-in walls. The combined length of
tubes is 300 ft. The required heat is supplied by condensation of saturated steam at 15.0
psia on the outside of the tubes. Calculate h
I
, h
a
, and h
ln
, for the oil, assuming that the
inside surfaces of the tubes are at saturation temperature of the steam, 213F.

Assignment 4
7 April 2011

Liquid with kinematic viscosity of 2.17 10
-4
m
2
/s is flowing through a slit between two
paralel plates, 4 cm away. Both plates move with velocity of 3 m/s. Calculate the velocity
profile by numerical methods.

Assignment 5
14 April 2011

1. A wall 1 ft thick and infinite in other directions has an initial uniform temperature of
100F. The urface temperatures at the two sides are suddenly increased and maintained at
300F. The wall is composed of nickel steel 40% Ni with a thermal diffusivity
derivatives at lower time level.
2. The same phenomena as in Problem 1. Use central finite difference for time and central
finite difference for spatial derivative at lower time level.

B
.
4
.

A
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t

o
f

S
t
u
d
e
n
t

O
u
t
c
o
m
e

E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
:

Q
u
i
z

A
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

M
i
d

E
x
a
m

F
i
n
a
l

E
x
a
m

A
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t

W
e
i
g
h
t
:

1
5
%

1
5
%

2
5
%

4
5
%

N
r

o
f

e
v
a
l
:

3

q
u
i
z
z
e
s

5

a
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

A
B
E
T

S
O
:

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
a
r
g
e
t
:

2
0
0

1
0
0

3
0
0

2
0
0

1
0
0

2
0
0

5
0
0

1
0

9
0

0

1
0
0

0

6
5

3
5

1
0
0

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

N
o
.

N
I
M

1

1
3
0
0
6
0
5
6

1
0
0

0

1
0
0

7
0

9
0

0

1
6
0

5

4
0

0

4
5

0

5
2
,
5

2
5

7
7
,
5

4
4
%

6
8
%

4
3
%

2

1
3
0
0
7
0
4
1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1
0

1
5

2
5

0
%

7
%

2
6
%

3

1
3
0
0
7
0
9
7

5
0

0

5
0

9
0

0

1
8
0

2
7
0

1
0

2
0

0

3
0

0

2
7
,
5

2
5

5
2
,
5

7
9
%

2
8
%

6
1
%

4

1
3
0
0
7
1
0
8

0

1
0

1
5

2
5

0
%

7
%

2
6
%

5

1
3
0
0
8
0
0
1

1
2
0

9
0

2
1
0

1
2
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
9
0

1
0

5
0

0

6
0

0

2
5

1
7
,
5

4
2
,
5

8
5
%

5
4
%

6
6
%

6

1
3
0
0
8
0
0
3

1
3
0

7
0

2
0
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

5

6
5

0

7
0

0

5
0

3
5

8
5

4
8
%

7
6
%

9
2
%

7

1
3
0
0
8
0
0
5

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

5
2
,
5

3
0

8
2
,
5

9
3
%

7
9
%

7
9
%

8

1
3
0
0
8
0
0
7

1
4
0

5
0

1
9
0

1
4
0

7
0

9
0

3
0
0

1
0

6
0

0

7
0

0

3
5

3
5

7
0

8
9
%

6
2
%

7
9
%

9

1
3
0
0
8
0
0
9

1
2
0

9
0

2
1
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
1
0

1
0

5
5

0

6
5

0

5
5

3
5

9
0

8
9
%

7
6
%

9
6
%

1
0

1
3
0
0
8
0
1
1

8
0

7
0

1
5
0

7
0

0

0

7
0

5

5
0

0

5
5

0

2
7
,
5

3
5

6
2
,
5

4
4
%

3
9
%

7
4
%

1
1

1
3
0
0
8
0
1
3

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

7
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
4
0

1
0

4
5

0

5
5

0

3
2
,
5

3
2
,
5

6
5

7
6
%

5
8
%

8
8
%

1
2

1
3
0
0
8
0
1
5

1
3
0

9
0

2
2
0

1
7
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
4
0

1
0

6
5

0

7
5

0

6
0

3
5

9
5

9
4
%

8
3
%

9
6
%

1
3

1
3
0
0
8
0
1
7

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

1
0

8
5

0

9
5

0

5
2
,
5

2
5

7
7
,
5

7
9
%

8
2
%

7
5
%

1
4

1
3
0
0
8
0
1
9

1
2
0

9
0

2
1
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

6
0

0

7
0

0

3
2
,
5

3
5

6
7
,
5

9
3
%

6
2
%

9
6
%

1
5

1
3
0
0
8
0
2
1

1
2
0

0

1
2
0

7
0

9
0

9
0

2
5
0

0

6
5

0

6
5

0

4
2
,
5

3
0

7
2
,
5

1
3
%

7
0
%

6
0
%

1
6

1
3
0
0
8
0
2
3

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

0

9
0

1
8
0

2
7
0

5

5
5

0

6
0

0

6
0

3
2
,
5

9
2
,
5

3
1
%

7
9
%

8
8
%

1
7

1
3
0
0
8
0
2
5

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
5
0

3
8
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

3
7
,
5

3
5

7
2
,
5

8
9
%

6
8
%

8
9
%

1
8

1
3
0
0
8
0
2
7

1
3
0

7
0

2
0
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

5
5

0

6
5

0

2
5

3
5

6
0

9
3
%

5
6
%

9
2
%

1
9

1
3
0
0
8
0
2
9

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

1
0

6
5

0

7
5

0

5
0

3
2
,
5

8
2
,
5

7
9
%

7
5
%

8
8
%


E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
:

Q
u
i
z

A
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

M
i
d

E
x
a
m

F
i
n
a
l

E
x
a
m

A
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t

W
e
i
g
h
t
:

1
5
%

1
5
%

2
5
%

4
5
%

N
r

o
f

e
v
a
l
:

3

q
u
i
z
z
e
s

5

a
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

A
B
E
T

S
O
:

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
a
r
g
e
t
:

2
0
0

1
0
0

3
0
0

2
0
0

1
0
0

2
0
0

5
0
0

1
0

9
0

0

1
0
0

0

6
5

3
5

1
0
0

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

N
o
.

N
I
M

2
0

1
3
0
0
8
0
3
1

1
2
0

5
0

1
7
0

9
0

9
0

9
0

2
7
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

4
2
,
5

3
2
,
5

7
5

7
9
%

7
1
%

7
5
%

2
1

1
3
0
0
8
0
3
3

1
1
0

5
0

1
6
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

5

3
5

0

4
0

0

1
2
,
5

1
5

2
7
,
5

4
8
%

4
0
%

5
4
%

2
2

1
3
0
0
8
0
3
5

1
1
0

7
0

1
8
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

5

7
0

0

7
5

0

5
0

3
5

8
5

4
8
%

7
6
%

9
2
%

2
3

1
3
0
0
8
0
3
7

1
2
0

0

1
2
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
1
0

1
0

4
5

0

5
5

0

3
0

3
2
,
5

6
2
,
5

8
9
%

5
6
%

7
4
%

2
4

1
3
0
0
8
0
3
9

1
3
0

7
0

2
0
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
5
0

3
8
0

1
0

6
0

0

7
0

0

2
5

3
0

5
5

8
9
%

5
7
%

8
0
%

2
5

1
3
0
0
8
0
4
1

1
3
0

7
0

2
0
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

5

4
5

0

5
0

0

1
7
,
5

3
0

4
7
,
5

6
1
%

4
8
%

8
3
%

2
6

1
3
0
0
8
0
4
3

1
2
0

9
0

2
1
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
5
0

4
0
0

5

5
0

0

5
5

0

4
7
,
5

3
5

8
2
,
5

6
1
%

6
9
%

9
3
%

2
7

1
3
0
0
8
0
4
5

1
4
0

7
0

2
1
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
1
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

5
7
,
5

3
2
,
5

9
0

8
9
%

8
3
%

8
8
%

2
8

1
3
0
0
8
0
4
9

1
2
0

5
0

1
7
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

6
0

0

7
0

0

3
0

3
2
,
5

6
2
,
5

9
3
%

6
0
%

8
4
%

2
9

1
3
0
0
8
0
5
1

1
2
0

5
0

1
7
0

9
0

9
0

9
0

2
7
0

5

5
0

0

5
5

0

1
5

2
5

4
0

4
8
%

4
7
%

6
2
%

3
0

1
3
0
0
8
0
5
3

1
1
0

5
0

1
6
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
1
0

5

4
5

0

5
0

0

3
0

3
5

6
5

5
8
%

5
5
%

8
8
%

3
1

1
3
0
0
8
0
5
5

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

4
5

2
5

7
0

7
9
%

7
4
%

7
1
%

3
2

1
3
0
0
8
0
5
7

1
5
0

9
0

2
4
0

1
7
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
4
0

5

1
5

0

2
0

0

1
2
,
5

7
,
5

2
0

6
3
%

3
8
%

4
9
%

3
3

1
3
0
0
8
0
5
9

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

1
4
0

9
0

0

2
3
0

5

7
0

0

7
5

0

1
5

2
2
,
5

3
7
,
5

5
8
%

5
3
%

4
9
%

3
4

1
3
0
0
8
0
6
1

1
3
0

0

1
3
0

9
0

9
0

0

1
8
0

5

5
5

0

6
0

0

3
0

2
0

5
0

4
8
%

5
9
%

3
4
%

3
5

1
3
0
0
8
0
6
3

1
2
0

9
0

2
1
0

0

9
0

1
8
0

2
7
0

1
0

2
5

0

3
5

0

1
5

2
0

3
5

6
3
%

4
0
%

7
0
%

3
6

1
3
0
0
8
0
6
5

1
5
0

5
0

2
0
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

6
5

0

7
5

0

6
0

3
2
,
5

9
2
,
5

9
3
%

8
4
%

8
4
%

3
7

1
3
0
0
8
0
6
7

1
4
0

5
0

1
9
0

1
6
0

9
0

9
0

3
4
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

5
0

2
0

7
0

9
3
%

7
8
%

5
3
%

3
8

1
3
0
0
8
0
6
9

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

9
0

9
0

9
0

2
7
0

5

3
5

0

4
0

0

4
7
,
5

3
2
,
5

8
0

4
8
%

6
6
%

7
5
%

3
9

1
3
0
0
8
0
7
1

1
1
0

5
0

1
6
0

9
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
6
0

1
0

4
0

0

5
0

0

4
7
,
5

3
5

8
2
,
5

7
9
%

6
6
%

8
8
%

4
0

1
3
0
0
8
0
7
3

7
0

7
0

1
4
0

1
2
0

9
0

1
8
0

3
9
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

5
0

3
2
,
5

8
2
,
5

8
5
%

7
3
%

8
8
%


E
v
a
l
u
a
t
i
o
n
:

Q
u
i
z

A
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

M
i
d

E
x
a
m

F
i
n
a
l

E
x
a
m

A
c
h
i
e
v
e
m
e
n
t

W
e
i
g
h
t
:

1
5
%

1
5
%

2
5
%

4
5
%

N
r

o
f

e
v
a
l
:

3

q
u
i
z
z
e
s

5

a
s
s
i
g
n
m
e
n
t
s

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

1
7
/
0
3
/
2
0
1
1

A
B
E
T

S
O
:

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
o
t
a
l

(
a
)

(
e
)

(
k
)

T
a
r
g
e
t
:

2
0
0

1
0
0

3
0
0

2
0
0

1
0
0

2
0
0

5
0
0

1
0

9
0

0

1
0
0

0

6
5

3
5

1
0
0

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

1
0
0
%

N
o
.

N
I
M

4
1

1
3
0
0
8
0
7
5

7
0

7
0

1
4
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

5
5

0

6
5

0

6
0

2
2
,
5

8
2
,
5

9
3
%

7
6
%

7
1
%

4
2

1
3
0
0
8
0
7
7

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

9
0

9
0

9
0

2
7
0

1
0

6
5

0

7
5

0

4
2
,
5

3
5

7
7
,
5

7
9
%

7
0
%

8
3
%

4
3

1
3
0
0
8
0
7
9

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

5
5

3
0

8
5

9
3
%

8
0
%

8
3
%

4
4

1
3
0
0
8
0
8
1

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
5
0

4
0
0

1
0

5
0

0

6
0

0

2
0

3
0

5
0

9
3
%

5
0
%

8
0
%

4
5

1
3
0
0
8
0
8
3

1
1
0

7
0

1
8
0

9
0

0

9
0

1
8
0

5

3
5

0

4
0

0

1
7
,
5

1
7
,
5

3
5

4
8
%

3
0
%

5
3
%

4
6

1
3
0
0
8
0
8
5

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

9
0

5
0

1
8
0

3
2
0

5

6
5

0

7
0

0

3
0

3
5

6
5

4
8
%

5
6
%

8
8
%

4
7

1
3
0
0
8
0
8
7

1
3
0

0

1
3
0

0

0

6
0

6
0

1
0

7
0

0

8
0

0

1
0

1
2
,
5

2
2
,
5

6
3
%

3
6
%

2
7
%

4
8

1
3
0
0
8
0
8
9

0

0

0

7
0

5
0

1
8
0

3
0
0

0

0

0

0

0

3
2
,
5

3
5

6
7
,
5

1
3
%

3
0
%

7
8
%

4
9

1
3
0
0
8
0
9
1

1
4
0

5
0

1
9
0

9
0

9
0

1
5
0

3
3
0

1
0

4
0

0

5
0

0

4
5

2
7
,
5

7
2
,
5

7
9
%

6
6
%

7
2
%

5
0

1
3
0
0
8
0
9
3

1
2
0

7
0

1
9
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
1
0

1
0

8
0

0

9
0

0

5
0

3
2
,
5

8
2
,
5

8
9
%

7
9
%

8
8
%

5
1

1
3
0
0
8
0
9
5

1
1
0

7
0

1
8
0

7
0

0

9
0

1
6
0

5

3
5

0

4
0

0

2
2
,
5

3
5

5
7
,
5

4
4
%

3
4
%

8
3
%

5
2

1
3
0
0
8
0
9
7

1
1
0

7
0

1
8
0

1
6
0

9
0

1
8
0

4
3
0

1
0

6
5

0

7
5

0

1
7
,
5

3
0

4
7
,
5

9
3
%

5
2
%

8
3
%

5
3

1
3
0
0
8
0
9
9

6
0

5
0

1
1
0

9
0

9
0

9
0

2
7
0

1
0

5
0

0

6
0

0

1
2
,
5

2
5

3
7
,
5

7
9
%

4
1
%

6
2
%

5
4

1
3
0
0
8
1
0
1

1
3
0

7
0

2
0
0

1
4
0

9
0

1
5
0

3
8
0

5

6
0

0

6
5

0

6
5

3
2
,
5

9
7
,
5

5
8
%

8
5
%

8
5
%

5
5

1
3
0
0
8
1
0
3

1
2
0

5
0

1
7
0

1
6
0

9
0

0

2
5
0

1
0

6
0

0

7
0

0

3
2
,
5

3
0

6
2
,
5

9
3
%

6
2
%

6
1
%

5
6

1
3
0
0
8
1
0
5

1
1
0

0

1
1
0

9
0

0

9
0

1
8
0

5

3
0

0

3
5

0

4
5

1
0

5
5

4
8
%

4
8
%

2
6
%

5
7

1
3
0
0
8
1
0
7

1
1
0

5
0

1
6
0

1
6
0

0

9
0

2
5
0

1
0

5
0

0

6
0

0

3
0

3
5

6
5

9
3
%

4
3
%

7
9
%

5
8

1
3
0
0
8
1
0
9

1
3
0

5
0

1
8
0

1
6
0

9
0

9
0

3
4
0

1
0

5
5

0

6
5

0

3
0

1
5

4
5

9
3
%

5
9
%

4
5
%

M
i
n
i
m
u
m

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

0
,
0

1
0
,
0

7
,
5

2
0
,
0

0
%

7
%

2
6
%

A
v
e
r
a
g
e

1
1
4
,
0

5
4
,
7

1
6
8
,
8

1
1
2
,
6

7
5
,
6

1
3
5
,
3

3
2
3
,
5

7
,
8

5
3
,
1

0
,
0

6
0
,
9

0
,
0

3
5
,
9

2
8
,
1

6
4
,
1

6
9
%

5
9
%

7
2
%

M
a
x
i
m
u
m

1
5
0
,
0

9
0
,
0

2
4
0
,
0

1
7
0
,
0

9
0
,
0

1
8
0
,
0

4
4
0
,
0

1
0
,
0

8
5
,
0

0
,
0

9
5
,
0

0
,
0

6
5
,
0

3
5
,
0

9
7
,
5

9
4
%

8
5
%

9
6
%


APPENDIX C

EXAMPLE OF STUDENTS WORKS


C.1. Mid Examination


C.2. Final Examination


C.3. Quiz 1


C.4. Quiz 2


C.5. Quiz 3


C.6. Assignment 1


C.7. Assignment 2


C.8. Assignment 3

(copy paste from solution manual)

C.9. Assignment 4


C.10. Assignment 5


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