Mon hoc: CAD/CAM/CNC

Bai tap thc hanh 1 CAD/CAM

Bien soan: Nguyen Van Thanh

- 05 / 2010 -

Tai lieu hng dan thc hanh mon hoc CAD/CAM/CNC

NOI DUNG THC HANH PHAN CAD/CAM

* Muc ch: Hng dan xay dng mot oi tng 3D n gian co cau truc khoi, nham giup sinh vien lam quen vi phong cach thiet ke tren he thong phan mem CAD/CAM thong qua mot so phng phap tao hnh c ban, do thi gian danh cho phan thc hanh la co han nen khong the lot ta c het nhng cai tinh tuy cua phan mem Pro/ENGINEER. Tuy nhien, vi nhng kien thc nen tang nay se la tien e cho sinh vien co the t nghien cu sau hn ve cac he phan mem CAD/CAM trong tng lai. ong thi, t oi tng 3D a thiet ke se c trnh bay phng thc a vao moi trng NC e lap trnh gia cong, qua cac chien lc chay dao se giup cho sinh vien hieu ro c s hieu qua va li ch thiet thc cua cac he tch hp CAD/CAM trong viec tao ra cac chng trnh NC. Qua mot bc tranh tong quat c the hien da tren cac cong cu ho tr cua phan mem Pro/ENGINEER se giup cho ngi hoc thay ro moi lien he mat thiet gia CAD/CAM va CNC. * Noi dung bai thc hanh gom co 3 phan: Phan 1: Gii thieu tong quan ve phan mem Pro/ENGINEER Phan 2 (CAD): Thiet ke chi tiet long coi cua nap xa phong Phan 3 (CAM): Lap trnh gia cong chi tiet long coi Sau ay chung ta se lan lt i vao tng noi dung cu the.
(S dung tren phan mem Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0)

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1. TONG QUAN VE PHAN MEM Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0 1.1 Giao dien cua phan mem Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0 Khi khi ong phan mem Pro/E, se thay xuat hien giao dien sau (hnh 1-1):

Hnh 1-1
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Chon vao bieu tng nam tren thanh cong cu ngang hoac t menu File chon New hoac nhan phm tat Ctrl+N e tao mot ban ve mi. Ngay luc nay xuat hien hop thoai nh hnh 1-2, the hien cac mo un cua phan mem Pro/E. Trong o co 6 mo un chnh nh sau: 1/ Sketch: mo un thiet ke 2D 2/ Part: mo un thiet ke 3D 3/ Assembly: mo un lap rap 4/ Drawing: mo un tao ban ve 2D Khi chon vao Manufacturing se xuat hien them cac mo un khac, trong o co hai mo un chnh na la: 5/ Mold Cavity: mo un thiet ke khuon 6/ NC Assembly: mo un lap trnh gia cong va xuat chng trnh NC

Hnh 1-2

Chon mo un Part, lay ten mac nh trong o Name (hoac nhap mot ten mi), chon OK, giao dien thiet ke cua Pro/E xuat hien nh sau:

Menu lenh

Thanh cong cu ngang Ca so giao tiep vi ngi dung

Model Tree

Ba mat phang chuan

Khong gian o hoa

Thanh cong cu doc

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1.2

Menu File va cac chc nang chnh: New Open Tao ban ve mi M ban ve co san tren a, co the m nhieu loai file khac nhau nh : IGS, STEP, STL, DWG, DXF Chuyen oi th muc lam viec, la th muc se cha tat ca cac file tao ra trong qua trnh lam viec. ong ca so hien hanh (ca so ang ve) Lu file ang ve vao a vi ten ban au Lu file ang ve vao a vi ten khac hoac co the dung e chuyen oi d lieu dang cac nh dang khac nh IGS, STL, v.v

Set Working Directory Close Window Save Save a Copy

Backup: Lu file ang ve vao th muc c ch nh vi ten ban au. Rename Erase Delete Print Properties Exit oi ten file ang ve Xoa ban ve hien hanh, hoac xoa d lieu trong bo nh (Erase Not Displayed) Xoa cac version cu (Old version) hoac tat ca cac version (All version) cua file ang ve Xuat d lieu ra may in nh he n v, cho ban ve Thoat khoi phan mem Pro/E

* Lu y: Cac lenh in ch am la cac lenh can chu y. Thao tac cac nut chuot va ban phm Chc nang Nut trai chuot (NTC) Chon oi tng hay chon lenh Nut gia chuot (NGC) Xoay (Rotate) Shift + NGC Di chuyen tnh tien (Pan) Ctrl + NGC Phong to thu nho (Zoom) Cuon NGC Zoom In/Out Nut phai chuot (NPC) M menu con hoac chon tuan t cac oi tng (Query Select) * Lu y: Neu chuot dng nh khong hoat ong khi di chuyen len menu lenh hay thanh cong cu th co the Pro/E ang hoi mot van e g o tren ca so giao tiep, nen chung ta phai x ly viec nay trc th sau o mi co the tiep tuc !
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2. PHAN CAD: THIET KE CHI TIET LONG COI CUA NAP XA PHONG Trnh t thc hien : 2.1 Chon moi trng thiet ke va tao file mi T menu lenh chon File > New > Part > Name: at ten la : COI > OK 2.2 nh he n v T menu lenh chon File > Properties > Units - change > millimeter Newton Second (mmNs) > Set > OK > Close > Close. 2.3 Ve chi tiet long coi cua nap xa phong

Bc 1: Ve khoi hop 200x160x60 Chon lenh Extrude bang cach nhan nut trai chuot vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc hoac t menu lenh chon Insert > Extrude, luc nay trong ca so giao tiep xuat hien nh hnh 2-1:

Hnh 2-1 Chung ta ch xem qua bang sau e hieu y ngha cua cac bieu tng/lenh ma cha can thc hien ieu g ca: TT Chc nang / Giai thch Hnh minh hoa 1 Vung the hien bieu tng cua lenh ang dung. 2 Dung e tao ra oi tng dang khoi ac (Solid). Dung e tao ra oi tng dang mat (Surface), co be day bang 0. Cach phat trien oi tng: co cac tuy chon sau: Blind: Phat trien theo gia tr chieu cao hay chieu sau c nhap vao. Symmetric: Phat trien ve hai pha cua mat phang ve. To Next: Phat trien en nhng mat gan nhat. Through All: Phat trien i qua tat ca cac mat.
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Through Until: Phat trien en khi giao vi mat c chon. To Selected: Phat trien en oi tng c chon (co the la iem, ng cong hoac mat). Dung e nhap gia tr chieu cao hay chieu sau khi chon cach phat trien la Blind. V du: chieu cao la 30 theo hng mui ten. Dung e xac nh hng phat trien cua oi tng khi tao ra so vi mat phang ve. V du: khoi tru phat trien ve ben phai hay ben trai cua mat phang ve RIGHT. Tao them hay cat bt i vat lieu tren mo hnh. Tao ra oi tng dang khoi nhng khong ac hoan toan ma ch co thanh mong, khi dung thong so nay phai nhap gia tr be day cua thanh mong. Tam dng va tiep tuc. V du: khi dung lenh Preview e xem trc ket qua th sau o phai s dung lenh e co the tiep tuc hieu chnh cac thong so khac. Neu chc nang nay c chon th co the xem trc oi tng dang c to mau co thuoc tnh trong suot. Chc nang Preview e xem trc ket qua. Chap nhan ket qua va thoat khoi lenh ang thc hien. Huy bo ket qua va thoat khoi lenh ang thc hien. Chc nang Sketch dung e ve tiet dien 2D.

7 8

10

11 12 13 14

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Options: Hop thoai nay cho phep xac nh chieu cao hay chieu sau cua oi tng theo ca hai hng (Side 1 va Side 2). Chc nang Capped ends: neu c chon se ong kn hai au cua surface

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Properties: co the oi ten oi tng bang cach go vao o Name hoac chon vao bieu tng e xem thong tin ve oi tng Sau khi xem xong bang tren chung ta tiep tuc ve tiet dien 2D theo trnh t sau: 1/ Chon lenh , o Sketch xuat hien, chon tiep Define, hop thoai Sketch xuat hien nh hnh 2-2 co hai vung rieng biet yeu cau xac nh hai thong so. Giai thch: - Thong so th nhat: la mat phang ve (Sketch Plane) dung e ve tiet dien 2D len o. Mat phang ve (la mot trong ba datum plane RIGHT, FRONT, TOP hoac bat ky mnat phang bat ky nao khac cua mo hnh), co the chon trc tiep trong khong gian o hoa hoac chon tren model tree. - Thong so th hai: nham xac nh hng nhn cho mat phang ve (Sketch Orientation), thong so nay Hnh 2-2 yeu cau chon hai yeu to: + Yeu to au tien la mat phang tham khao (Reference) la mat phang bat ky nhng phai vuong goc vi mat phang ve; + Yeu to th nh la nh hng cua mat nay (Orientation) nam pha nao theo hng quan sat cua ngi thiet ke, co the la Top ( tren), Bottom ( di), Right (ben phai) va Left (ben trai). - Chc nang Flip: dung e oi chieu hng phat trien cua oi tng (quan sat s thay oi cua mui ten mau vang trong khong gian o hoa). - O Reference: dung e xac nh mat phang tham khao, no luon luon vuong goc vi mat phang ve. - O Orientation: dung e xac nh hng cua mat tham khao. Thc hien: 2/ Chon mat phang ve la mat datum TOP bang cach chon nut trai chuot len ch TOP hoac len ng bien ao gii han mat TOP trong khong gian o hoa, mat tham khao t ong c chon la mat datum RIGHT va hng la Right nh hnh 2-3 (neu can thay oi hng nhn khac th co the chon nut trai chuot vao o tng ng va chon lai mat tham khao va hng mong muon). Hnh 2-3

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3/ Chon tiep nut lenh Sketch, moi trng ve 2D se xuat hien vi thanh cong cu doc ben phai nh hnh 24 e xay dng tiet dien 2D. Luc nay trong khong gian o hoa se xuat hien hai ng thang net t cat nhau, ay goi la oi tng tham khao (hnh 2-5), chnh la chuan e ghi kch thc.

Hnh 2-4

* Lu y: ieu kien bat buoc la phai co toi thieu hai ng cat nhau (khong nhat thiet phai vuong goc) e lam oi tng tham khao. Khi a co mo hnh 3D th co the chon them oi tng tham khao bang cach t menu lenh Sketch chon References (hnh 2-6), hop thoai References xuat hien nh hnh 2-7, dung nut trai chuot chon them oi tng tham khao la canh hay iem bat ky cua mo hnh 3D (nham e de bat iem khi ve tiet dien 2D), con khi cha co mo hnh 3D nao ca th ch co the chon oi tng tham khao la nhng ng thang suy bien t cac mat phang chuan (datum plane) ma thoi.

Hnh 2-6 Hnh 2-5 Hnh 2-7 Thc hien tiep: 4/ Ve tiet dien 2D la hnh ch nhat: S dung lenh Rectangle e ve hnh ch nhat bang cach nhan nut trai chuot vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc, chon hai iem bat ky trong khong gian o hoa e ve hnh ch nhat nh hnh 2-8. Ke tiep nhan nut gia chuot hoac chon vao tren thanh cong cu doc e ket thuc lenh ang thc hien. bieu tng mui ten Ngay luc nay kch thc chieu dai va chieu rong cua hnh ch nhat se t ong xuat hien theo kch c hnh ch nhat va ve.

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Hnh 2-9 Hnh 2-8 5/ Hieu chnh kch thc trong moi trng 2D: Tiep theo se hieu chnh lai kch thc hnh ch nhat la 200x160 bang cach di chuyen con tro chuot len con so kch thc can hieu chnh, khi kch thc oi mau th nhap up nut trai chuot vao o, nhap vao gia tr mong muon thay cho gia tr hien tai va nhan nut ENTER, ngay lap tc kch thc hnh ch nhat se thay oi theo gia tr mi, tng t chung ta oi kch thc cho canh con lai, ket qua nh hnh 2-9. Lu y: lenh ghi kch thc cho oi tng trong moi trng 2D : Dimension - Khi ve kch thc se ghi t ong, tuy nhien co the hieu chnh lai theo ung kch thc ghi tren ban ve theo y muon cua chung ta bang lenh nay. - Neu ghi kch thc cua ban than oi tng, chung ta chon oi tng o bang nut trai chuot, di chuyen chuot en v tr can at gia tr kch thc nhan nut gia. - Neu muon ghi kch thc gia hai oi tng, chung ta chon lan lt vao hai oi tng can ghi kch thc, di chuyen chuot en v tr can at gia tr kch thc, nhan nut gia. 6/ Nhap chieu cao cua khoi hnh hop: Sau khi hieu chnh xong kch thc tiet dien hnh ch nhat, chon vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc e ket thuc. Nhap vao gia tr chieu cao la 60 trong ca so giao tiep , ket qua nh hnh 2-10. Neu muon xem trc ket qua th , ket chon chc nang Preview bang cach chon nut trai chuot vao bieu tng qua nh hnh 2-11. e ket thuc lenh Extrude chon vao bieu tng .

Hnh 2-10

Hnh 2-11

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* Xem oi tng va ve : Cac chc nang View tren thanh cong cu ngang:

TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Hnh 2-12 Ten lenh Chc nang / Giai thch Repaint Ve lai man hnh. Dung trong trng hp tren man hnh co nhieu net khong ro rang. Spin Center Bat /tat bieu tng goc toa o Orient Mode Bat/tat v tr sau cung cua iem chuan e quay oi tng Zoom In Phong to hnh anh oi tng trong vung ca so c chon Zoom Out Thu nho hnh anh oi tng Refit Zoom tat ca cac oi tng vao/ra toan man hnh Reorient nh lai hng nhn khac cho oi tng 3D bang cach chon hai mat tham khao Named View Danh sach cac hng nhn bao gom hng nhn do ngi List dung tao ra va cac hng nhn mac nh co san cua Pro/E Layers Tao lp e co the phan loai va an theo nhom cac oi tng Wireframe The hien mo hnh dang khung day Hidden line Phan biet net thay va net khuat No hidden Khong the hien net khuat Shading To bong mo hnh 3D

T thanh cong cu ngang nhan vao bieu tng AB (hnh 2-12), lan lt chon cac hng nhn mac nh a c Pro/E thiet lap san e xem mo hnh 3D cac hng nhn khac nhau. The hien oi tng cac dang Wireframe, Hidden line, No hidden, Shading. Thc tap cac lenh xoay, di chuyen, phong to, thu nho oi tng 3D. Nhac lai: Thao tac cac nut chuot va ban phm Chc nang Xoay (Rotate) Nut gia chuot (NGC) Di chuyen tnh tien (Pan) Shift + NGC Phong tu thu nho (Zoom) Ctrl + NGC Zoom In/Out Cuon NGC Lu y : - Kch thc cua cac mat datum plane se t ong thay oi theo kch thc cua mo hnh 3D.

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Bc 2: Cat phan gia cua khoi hop T menu lenh chon Insert > Extrude > Solid > Remove Material > Placement > Define. en ay phai xac nh mat phang ve, dung nut trai chuot chon vao mat tren cua khoi hop (mat 1 hnh 2-11) > chon Sketch e chap nhan hng nhn mac nh. Luc nay man hnh xoay sang hng nhn 2D e chung ta bat au ve tiet dien hay con goi la mat cat (section) la mot hnh ch nhat co kch thc nh hnh 2-13.

Hnh 2-13 Hnh 2-14 Sau khi hieu chnh xong kch thc tiet dien hnh ch nhat, chon vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc e ket thuc. Nhap vao gia tr chieu cao la 30 trong ca so giao tiep . Chon vao bieu tng e ket thuc lenh Extrude, ket qua nh hnh 2-14. Bc 3: Tao vat nghieng cho 4 mat ben cua lom cat T menu lenh chon Insert > Draft > References. Chon vao o Draft Surfaces, nhan gi phm Ctrl va lan lt chon vao 4 mat ben can vat (4 mat ke li hnh 2-14) Chon vao o Draft hinges chon vao mat ay cua lom cat (mat so 2 hnh 2-14) lam mat trung hoa (la mat se khong thay oi kch thc khi thc hien lenh vat). Nhap vao gia tr goc vat , chon bieu tng e vat nghieng ra pha ngoai, ket qua nh hnh 2-15. Chon vao bieu tng e ket thuc.

Hnh 2-15

Hnh 2-16

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Bc 4: Bo tron 4 canh ng cua lom cat T menu lenh chon Insert > Round, nhap vao ban knh bo tron la 15 . Lan lt chon 4 canh ng cua lom cat (cac canh so 3 hnh 2-16), chon vao bieu tng ket qua nh hnh 2-17. Bc 5: Bo tron canh ay cua lom cat Chon lai lenh Round, nhap vao gia tr ban knh bo tron la 8, chon canh so 4 hnh 2-17, chon vao bieu tng , ket qua nh hnh 2-18.

Hnh 2-17 Bc 6: Cat phan quai nam T menu lenh chon Insert > Extrude > Solid

Hnh 2-18

> Symmetric

>

Remove Material > Placement > Define. en ay phai xac nh mat phang ve, v chung ta muon cat oi xng nen dung nut trai chuot chon vao mat FRONT (xem hnh 2-18). Tiep theo chung ta chon mat phang tham khao, trong hop thoai Sketch, o Orientation chon la Top, chon vao o Reference ch vao mat so 5 hnh 2-18 e khi chuyen sang hng nhn 2D th mat nay se hng len tren (Top), chon Sketch e chuyen sang hng nhn 2D nh hnh 2-19.

Hnh 2-20 Hnh 2-19 e thuan tien cho viec ve tiet dien chung ta chon them canh ay cua lom cat lam oi tng tham khao bang cach t menu lenh chon Sketch > References, chon vao canh so 6 hnh 2-19 > Close Ve tiet dien cat la cung tron vi kch thc nh hnh 2-20, chon vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc e ket thuc. Nhap vao gia tr be rong la 10 . Chon vao bieu tng e ket thuc lenh Extrude, ket qua nh hnh 2-21.

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Hnh 2-21

Hnh 2-22

Bc 7: Bo tron 2 canh cua quai nam T menu lenh chon Insert > Round, nhap vao ban knh bo tron la 3 . Lan lt chon 2 canh cua quai nam (cac canh so 7 hnh 2-21), chon vao bieu ket qua nh hnh 2-22. tng 2.4 Lu ban ve T menu lenh chon File > Backup > Working Directory > Organize (xem hnh 2-23), at ten th muc la ma so sinh vien cua mnh > OK. T menu lenh chon Window > Close e ong ca so thiet ke. T menu lenh chon File > Erase > Not Displayed e xoa tat ca d lieu tren bo nh.

Hnh 2-23

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3. PHAN CAM: LAP TRNH GIA CONG CHI TIET LONG COI 3.1 Chon moi trng gia cong va at ten file - T menu lenh chon File > New > Manufacturing > NC Assembly (hnh 3-1). - t tn l G C_COI > OK.

Hnh 3-2

Hnh 3-1

Hnh 3-3

3.2 nh he n v T menu lenh chon File > Properties > Units change > millimet Newton Second > Set > OK > Close > Close. 3.3 Chuyen th muc lam viec Th muc lam viec se cha tat ca cac file tao ra khi lap trnh gia cong, nen trc khi lap trnh chung ta phai chuyen th muc lam viec vao ung th muc cha chi tiet gia cong, bang cach t menu lenh chon File > Set Working Directory > chon vao th muc mang ma so sinh vien cua mnh (trong o co file chi tiet ma chung ta a lu bang lenh Backup phan tren) > OK. 3.4 Chon chi tiet gia cong T menu lnh chn Insert > Reference Model > Assemble, hop thoai Open xuat hien, chon Working Directory, chon chi tiet can gia cong, ay v du chung ta chon chi tiet coi cua khuon nap xa phong, ten coi.prt > Open > Automatic > Default > > OK, ket qua nh hnh 3-2. 3.5 nh ngha phoi gia cong - T menu lnh chon Insert > Workpiece > Create at ten la phoi > Enter > Solid > Protrusion > Extrude > Solid > Done > Placement > Define, chon mat phang ve la mat so 1 (hnh 3-2), Okay. - Chon mat phang tham khao : chon len mat tren cua chi tiet coi (mat so 2, hnh 32), chon Top > Sketch, ket qua c nh hnh 3-3.
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Hop thoai References xuat hien, chon oi tng tham khao la canh di ay va hai canh ben cua chi tiet. Dung lenh Rectangle ve phoi hnh ch nhat bng b ngang chi tit ci, t mat di cua chi tiet len cao hn mat tren cua chi tiet, dung lenh ghi kch thc khoang cach t canh tren cua hnh ch nhat en mat tren cua chi tiet la 3mm (hnh 3-3) > chon Chon To Selected OK. . > chon vao mat oi dien cua chi tiet coi (mat khuat so 3) >

3.6 Chon may va nh ngha goc toa o (goc khong) - T menu lnh chn Steps > Operation, hop thoai Operation Setup xuat hien (hnh 3-4) - Chon loai may gia cong: chon vao bieu tng NC Machine (so 4, hnh 19-4) > chon loai may Mill, so truc la 3 (3 Axis) > OK.

Z Y X

Hnh 3-4 -

Hnh 3-5 - nh ngha goc khong: chon vao bieu tng mui ten trong o Reference tai dong Machine Zero. Lu y: neu co goc toa o tai v tr mong muon chon lam goc khong th chung ta chon trc tiep vao o. Trong trng hp nay cha co goc toa o nh the nen chung ta i tao ra no.

Trnh t thc hien nh sau: chon vao bieu tng tren thanh cong cu doc > nhan gi phm Ctrl va chon lan lt vao 3 mat goc ngoai, ben trai, pha tren e tao goc toa o, chuyen sang the Orientation, dung chc nang Flip e oi chieu mui ten giong nh hnh 3-5. nh ngha mat phang lui dao: chon vao mui ten trong o Retract tai dong Surface > nhap gia tr 30 vao o Value (gia tr nay phu thuoc vao chieu cao cua o ga) > OK > OK.
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3.7 nh ngha ng chay dao va cac thong so cong nghe e gia cong pha mat tren a) Tao ng chay dao gia cong pha mat tren cua phoi - T menu lenh chon Steps > Volume Rough > anh them dau chon vao o Name, Volume gi nguyen cac thong so khac, chon Done. - Ca so giao tiep xuat hien dong nhac Enter NC Sequence name, yeu cau nhap ten ng chay dao gia cong, go vao : PHA_MAT > Enter. b) nh ngha dao : - Trong o Name at ten dao la : Tru20, chon Type = END MILL. - Nhap vao ng knh dao la 20. - Chieu dai dao la 100, gia tr nay ch co y ngha khi mo phong, khong anh hng en chng trnh gia cong khi xuat ra. - Chuyen qua the Settings, nhap vao so th t dao, v du la 1 (ay la v tr dao tru 20 tren may gia cong). - Chon Apply > OK. c) nh ngha thong so cong nghe - Luc nay hop thoai Edit Parameters of Sequence xuat hien, luc nay chung ta phai nhap vao cac thong so ve che o cat phu hp, v du chung ta nhap cac thong so nh hnh 3-6.

Hnh 3-7 Hnh 3-6 * Y ngha cac thong so : - CUT_FEED = 100 : lng chay dao F - STEP_DEPTH = 2 : chieu sau cat - TOLERANCE = 0.01: dung sai (sai so gia bien dang hnh hoc va ng chay dao) - STEP_OVER = 16 : bc dch dao ngang (bc chuyen dao) - PROF_STOCK_ALLOW = 0 : lng d con lai cua bc chay theo bien dang - ROUGH_STOCK_ALLOW = 1 : lng d con lai cua bc chay tho
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- BOTTOM_STOCK_ALLOW = 0 : lng d con lai cua be mat ay - CUT_ANGLE = 0 : goc cua ng chay dao so vi chieu dng truc X - SCAN_TYPE = TYPE_3 : cac dang ng chay dao (hnh 19-7) - ROUGH_OPTION=ROUGH_&_PROF: tuy chon chay dao pha & vet bien dang - SPINDLE_SPEED = 800 : toc o truc chnh (vong/phut) - COOLANT_OPTION = ON : che o lam nguoi - CLEAR_DIST = 2 : khoang cach an toan. - Sau khi nh ngha cac thong so xong chon File > Save As > at ten la volume > OK e lu cac thong so gia cong co the dung lai nhng lan gia cong ke tiep. - Chon OK. d) nh ngha the tch gia cong (volume) e tao the tch gia cong. - Chon vao chc nang Mill Volume - Chon lenh Extrude > Placement > Define, chon mat phang ve la mat tren cua phoi > chon Left, chon mat tham khao la mat ben bat ky, chon Sketch > References > chon oi tng tham khao la hai canh cat nhau cua phoi. - T thanh cong cu doc chon bieu tng Use > Loop > chon vao mot iem bat ky trong ng bien gii han cua phoi > mot tiet dien hnh ch nhat ung bang kch thc bao cua phoi c tao ra giong nh hnh 3-8.

Hnh 3-8 -

Hnh 3-9

Chon > To Selected > chon mat tren cua chi tiet coi (la mat nam di mat tren cua phoi 3mm) > OK > OK, the tch gia cong day 3mm tren mat chi tiet c tao ra co mau tm. e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra nh hnh 19-9 (co the thay oi toc o mo phong bang cach di chuyen thanh trt Display Speed). f) Mo phong qua trnh gia cong dung Vericut - T menu PLAY PATH chon NC Check > Run, giao dien cua phan mem Vericut c m ra. - Co the s dung cac to hp phm/chuot sau: Ctrl + NTC : phong to/ thu nho Shift + NTC : di chuyen tnh tien Alt + NTC : xoay
-

Chon Chon

e chay tng bc. e chay toan bo chng trnh.

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*** Chon Done Seq > Save > OK e lu ng chay dao (neu khong th ng chay dao se b mat). *** Hieu chnh cac thong so can thiet - T model tree nhan nut phai chuot len ng chay dao can hieu chnh, chon Edit Definition > Seq Setup > anh dau chon vao cac thong so muon hieu chnh. - V du : * Muon hieu chnh thong so cong nghe: chon vao thong so Parameters > Done: xuat hien lai bang thong so nh a nh ngha, thay oi nhng thong so can thiet > OK > Play Path > Screen Play > chon mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra theo thong so mi hieu chnh. * Muon chon dao khac: chon vao thong so Tool > Done > chon dao khac co san hoac nh ngha dao mi > OK > Play Path > Screen Play > chon mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se tao ra theo thong so dao mi hieu chnh. * Muon thay oi the tch gia cong (volume) th: check vao thong so Volume > Done > tao volume mi hoac offset volume cu > OK > Play Path > Screen Play > chon mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se tao ra tren volume mi. Lu y: cach offset volume: Khi tao volume e phay pha mat, chung ta ch mi tao bang ung kch thc bao cua phoi, do o, khi gia cong con cha lai lng d 4 goc. e gia cong het phan nay chung ta phai offset 4 mat ben cua volume ra pha ngoai mot lng bang ban knh cua dao ang s dung. Trnh t thc hien nh sau: Nhan nut phai chuot len ten bc gia cong volume phay pha mat tren model tree (v du la Pha_mat), chon Edit Definition > Seq Setup > anh dau chon vao thong so Volume > Done. Nhan nut phai chuot len volume can hieu chnh tren model tree (MILL_VOL_1), chon Redefine Mill Volume. T menu lenh chon Edit > Offset > Offset Vertical Walls, chap nhan thong so mac , v dao tru 20 nen chung ta go vao gia tr offset la 10 > nh Expand Feature e pha offset hng ra ngoai, chon OK tren ca so giao tiep, Enter, chon chon tiep OK tren thanh cong cu doc. Chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se tao ra theo volume mi hieu chnh. Chon NC Check > Run, e mo phong kiem tra lai ket qua. Chon Done Seq.

Sau khi mo phong xong th ong ca so Vericut lai va tr ve giao dien cua Pro/E.

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3.8 Gia cong pha phan the tch coi a) Tao ng chay dao phay pha long coi - T menu lenh chon Steps > Volume Rough > anh them dau chon vao o Name, Tool, Volume gi nguyen cac thong so khac, chon Done. - Ca so giao tiep xuat hien dong nhac Enter NC Sequence name, yeu cau nhap ten ng chay dao gia cong, go vao: PHA_COI > Enter. b) nh ngha dao - Trong o Name at ten dao la: Tru16, chon Type = END MILL. - Nhap vao ng knh dao la 16, chieu dai la 100. - Chon the Settings > nhap vao o TOOL Number la 2. - Chon Apply > OK. c) nh ngha thong so cong nghe - Luc nay hop thoai Edit Parameters of Sequence xuat hien, v du chung ta chon cac thong so nh hnh 3-10. Lu y : Thay v nhap tat ca cac thong so, co the lay lai cac thong so cua bc gia cong trc, sau o hieu chnh lai cho phu hp bang cach: t menu File cua hop thoai Edit Parameters of Sequence chon Open, chon file volume.mil (a lu bc gia cong trc o) > chon Open > sau o hieu chnh lai nh hnh 3-10.

Hnh 3-10 Sau khi nh ngha xong cac thong so chon OK. d) nh ngha the tch gia cong (Volume) - Chon vao chc nang Mill Volume e tao the tch gia cong. - Chon lenh Extrude > Placement > Define, chon mat phang ve la mat tren cua chi tiet coi (cach mat tren cua phoi 3mm) > chon Left, chon mat tham khao la mat ben bat ky > Sketch > chon oi tng tham khao la hai ng thang suy bien t hai mat phang datum oi xng hoac hai canh cat nhau bat ky. - Ve tiet dien hnh ch nhat vi kch thc gan giong nh hnh 3-11. Lu y : ch can ve tiet dien ln hn hoac bang kch thc bao cua vung can tao the tch, khong can ve chnh xac theo ben dang va khong nen ve ln hn kch thc bao cua phoi.
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Hnh 3-11 Lu y: Hien nay phoi ang bao ben ngoai chi tiet nen khi ra chuot len mo hnh gia cong th ch khoang 2 giay se thay xuat hien ten oi tng ang c chon la phoi, chung ta nhan nut phai chuot e chuyen sang oi tng khac chnh la chi tiet coi va chon vao no bang nut trai. - Sau khi c cat bi chi tiet coi, the tch con lai ung bang the tch long coi, chnh la phan vat lieu can gia cong cat bo i > chon . e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e Play Forward lu ng chay dao. f) Mo phong nhieu ng chay dao - T menu lenh chon Steps > Proces Manager, nhan gi phm Ctrl va chon lan lt tat ca 2 ng chay dao can mo phong, sau o vao menu Tools chon NC Check, luc nay giao dien Vericut xuat hien va co the chay mo phong cung luc 2 ng chay dao. - Thoat khoi chng trnh Vericut, chon Close e ong hop thoai Manufacturing Process Table. 3.9 Gia cong pha phan the tch quai nam a) Tao ng chay dao phay pha quai nam - T menu lenh chon Steps > Volume Rough > anh them dau chon vao o Name, Tool, Volume gi nguyen cac thong so khac, chon Done. - Ca so giao tiep xuat hien dong nhac Enter NC Sequence name, yeu cau nhap ten ng chay dao gia cong, go vao: PHA_QUAI > Enter. b) nh ngha dao - Trong o Name at ten dao la: Tru4, chon Type = END MILL. - Nhap vao ng knh dao la 4, chieu dai la 50. - Chon the Settings > nhap vao o TOOL Number la 3. - Chon Apply > OK. c) nh ngha thong so cong nghe - Luc nay hop thoai Edit Parameters of Sequence xuat hien, v du chung ta chon cac thong so nh hnh 3-12.
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Chon > To Selected > chon mat ay cua phoi > OK > the tch tao ra la hnh hop ln hn the tch long coi can gia cong. Tren thanh cong cu doc chon lenh Trim > ca so giao tiep xuat hien dong nhac Select part to trim by yeu cau chon oi tng e cat the tch va tao > chon vao chi tiet gia cong la chi tiet coi.

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Hnh 3-13 Hnh 3-12 - Sau khi nh ngha xong cac thong so chon OK. d) nh ngha the tch gia cong (Volume) e tao the tch gia cong. - Chon vao chc nang Mill Volume - Chon lenh Extrude > Placement > Define, chon mat phang ve la mat ay cua chi tiet coi > chon Left, chon mat tham khao la mat ben bat ky > Sketch > chon oi tng tham khao la hai ng thang suy bien t 2 mat datum oi xng. - Ve tiet dien hnh ch nhat vi kch thc nh hnh 3-13. Chon > To Selected > chon mat ay cua phoi > OK > the tch tao ra la hnh hop ln hn the tch long quai nam can gia cong. > ca so giao tiep xuat hien dong Tren thanh cong cu doc chon lenh Trim nhac Select part to trim by yeu cau chon oi tng e cat the tch va tao > chon vao chi tiet gia cong la chi tiet coi. Sau khi c cat bi chi tiet coi, the tch con lai ung bang the tch long quai nam, chnh la phan vat lieu can gia cong cat bo i > chon . Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e lu ng chay dao. Mo phong nhieu ng chay dao Thc hien tng t nh phan tren. Gia cong ban tinh cac mat ben cua long coi Chon phng phap gia cong Profile T menu lenh chon Steps > Profile Milling > chon Name, Tool > Done > at ten cho bc gia cong nay la Profile > Enter > bang thong so dao xuat hien. nh ngha dao cau 10 Chon Name = Cau10 > Type = BALL MILL, ng knh dao = 10, chieu dai 80 > Settings > Tool Number = 4 > chon Apply > OK. nh thong so gia cong
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e)

f) 3.10 a)

b)

c)

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- nh cac thong so nh hnh 3-14. - Chon OK. d) Chon be mat gia cong e de quan sat chung ta chon bieu tng tren thanh cong cu ngang e chuyen qua che o hien th Wireframe. Nhan gi phm Ctrl va chon tat ca cac mat ben can gia cong bang cach e chuot len mat can chon, nhan nut phai en khi thay mat o oi mau th chon bang nut trai, chon tng t nh vay cho cac mat con lai, ke ca cac mat tao bang Hnh 3-14 lenh Round. Chon . e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e lu ng chay dao. f) Mo phong ng chay dao Thc hien tng t nh phan tren. 3.11 Gia cong ban tinh mat ay cua long coi a) Chon phng phap gia cong Surface Milling T menu lenh chon Steps > Surface Milling > chon them Name, Tool > Done > at ten cho bc gia cong nay la StraightCut > Enter > bang thong so dao xuat hien. b) nh ngha dao tru 12 Chon Name = Tru12 > Type = END MILL, ng knh dao = 12, chieu dai 100 > Setting > Tool Number = 5 > chon Apply > OK. c) nh thong so gia cong - nh cac thong so nh hnh 3-15. Hnh 3-15 - Chon OK. d) Chon be mat gia cong - Chon Model > Done > chon mat ay cua long coi can gia cong > OK > Done/Return > Done/Return > hop thoai Cut Definition xuat hien nh hnh 205. - Chon Straight Cut, Cut Angle = 0 > OK. e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha
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f) 3.12 a)

b)

c) -

T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e lu ng chay dao. Mo phong ng chay dao Thc hien tng t nh phan tren. Gia cong ban tinh mat ay cua quai nam Chon phng phap gia cong Surface Milling T menu lenh chon Steps > Surface Milling > chon them Name, Tool > Done > at ten cho bc gia cong nay la IsoLine > Enter > bang thong so dao xuat hien. nh ngha dao cau 6 Chon Name = Cau6 > Type = BALL MILL, ng knh dao = 6, chieu dai 60 > Setting > Tool Number = 6 > chon Apply > OK. nh thong so gia cong nh cac thong so nh hnh 3-16, chon OK. d) Chon be mat gia cong - Chon Model > Done > chon mat ay cua quai nam can gia cong > OK > Done/Return > Done/Return> hop thoai Cut Definition xuat hien nh hnh 20-5. - Chon From Surface Isolines. Chon vao ten be mat trong ca so Surface List, chon bieu tng e thay oi theo hng gia cong la mot trong hai ho ng sinh cua mat cong o. Khi xac nh xong th chon OK.

Hnh 3-16 e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e lu ng chay dao. f) Mo phong ng chay dao Thc hien tng t nh phan tren.

Lu y: cac mat ben va mat ay con lai lng d 0,2mm; sinh vien t thc hien phan gia cong tinh e cat het phan lng d nay theo cac phng phap a trnh bay va c xem nh bai tap t thc hien.

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3.13 -

Khoan lo bang phng phap Holemaking T menu lenh chon File > Open (hoac nhan trc tiep nut phai chuot len chi tiet tren model tree) e m chi tiet ang gia cong len moi trng Part, dung lenh Extrude > Cut e cat 4 lo suot 14 vi kch thc nh hnh 3-17.

Hnh 3-17 - Sau khi tao lo xong th Save lai, chon Window > Close ong ca so moi trng Part e chuyen tr lai moi trng gia cong va bat au thc hien nhng bc sau: a) Chon phng phap gia cong Holemaking T menu lenh chon Steps > Drilling > Deep > chon them Name, Tool > Done > at ten cho bc gia cong nay la Holemaking > Enter > bang thong so dao xuat hien. b) nh ngha mui khoan 13 - Chon Name = Khoan13, Type = DRILLING, ng knh mui khoan = 13, chieu dai 70 > Point Angle = 118 > Setting > Tool Number = 7 > chon Apply > OK. c) nh thong so gia cong - nh cac thong so nh hnh 3-18. Hnh 3-18 - Chon OK, hop thoai HoleSet xuat hien. d) Chon lo khoan va xac nh chieu sau - Chon lo khoan: t hop thoai HoleSet, nhan gi phm Ctrl chon vao truc cua cac lo can gia cong, ket qua la 4 truc A_1, A_2, A_3, A_4 c chon e xac nh v tr khoan. - Xac nh chieu sau :
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Start: v tr bat au khoan (hnh 3-19). End: v tr ket thuc khoan, co cac la chon sau: : theo chieu sau cua lo khi ve : en oi tng c chon : khoan lo suot : nhap gia tr chieu sau can khoan

Hnh 3-19 -

Hnh 3-20

Thong so Measure co hai kha nang la chon sau : Shoulder : chieu sau c tnh t vai cua mui khoan. Tip : chieu sau c tnh t nh cua mui khoan. Trong trng hp nay chung ta muon khoan lo suot nen chon: Start = Auto; End=

Through All > OK. e) Tao ng chay dao theo cac thong so va nh ngha T menu NC SEQUENCE chon Play Path > Screen Play > chon vao mui ten Play Forward > ng chay dao se c tao ra. Chon Done Seq e lu ng chay dao. f) Mo phong ng chay dao Thc hien tng t nh phan tren. 3.14 Xuat chng trnh gia cong

a) Xuat moi chng trnh gia cong la mot file T model tree nhan nut phai chuot len ng chay dao can xuat, chon Play Path, chon File > Save As MCD > chap nhan cac thong so mac nh, chon Output > chon e tr ve th muc lam viec hien tai, la ni cha file chng trnh xuat ra > go vao ten file cha chng trnh (co the lay ten mac nh) > OK > chon vao la chon nh dang d lieu xuat la UNCX01.P14 > Close > Close (chng trnh xuat ra co dang .TAP nam trong th muc lam viec hien tai). b) Xuat nhieu chng trnh gia cong vao mot file T model tree nhan gi phm Ctrl va chon cac ng chay dao can xuat, sau o nhan gi nut phai chuot va chon Play Path, chon File > Save As MCD > chap nhan cac thong so mac nh, chon Output > chon e tr ve th muc lam viec hien tai, la ni cha file chng trnh xuat ra > go vao ten file cha chng trnh (co the lay ten mac nh) > OK > chon vao la chon nh dang d lieu xuat la UNCX01.P14 > Close > Close (chng trnh xuat ra co dang .TAP nam trong th muc lam viec hien tai).
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c) M chng trnh e xem Nhan nut phai chuot len nut Start goc di ben trai cua man hnh, chon Explore > chon ng dan en th muc lam viec hien tai ang cha file chng trnh va mi xuat ra > nhan nut phai chuot len file o va chon Open > chon Select the program from a list > OK, chon chng trnh Notepad, anh dau chon vao o Always use, chon OK e m file .TAP va tao. 3.15 nh dang d lieu xuat Trong file d lieu NC va tao ra cha co ten chng trnh, nhng cau lenh au va dung dch lam nguoi cha chnh xac, chung ta phai hieu chnh lai nh dang d lieu xuat cho phu hp. T menu Applications chon NC Post Processor > hop thoai Option File Generator xuat hien nh hnh 3-21.

Hnh 3-21 Chon loai may 14. FADAL VMC15 CNC 32 MP (tng ng vi file uncx01.p14) > chon Open OptFile. nh ngha ten chng trnh mac nh la 1234 : chon Startup/End of program > chon vao o Program Number > chon the Prog.# > nh cac thong so nh hnh 322.

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Hnh 3-22 Gan nhng cau lenh au chng trnh la G90 G54 G21 G17 G40 G80 : Chon vao the General, anh dau chon vao o Output user defined startup blocks, xuat hien them the Start Prog (hnh 3-23).

Hnh 3-23 Chon vao the Start Prog, chon vao dau , trong o se tang t so 0 len so 1 va xuat hien mot o trong, go vao cac ma lenh au chng trnh nh hnh 3-24.

Hnh 3-24
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nh ngha dung dch trn nguoi : tren cot menu ben trai chon Machine Codes > Coolant > nh hai thong so nh hnh 3-25.

Hnh 3-25 Lenh noi suy cung tron : tren cot menu ben trai chon Motion > Circular > thong so mac nh la noi suy cung tron theo IJK (neu muon noi suy cung tron theo R th chon vao o Circle Center Output > chon Output + R if angle < 180; -R when > 180; IJK when = 360 nh hnh 3-26).

Hnh 3-26 Chon tiep vao the IJK Modifiers (hoac Radius Modifiers neu chon Radius) > bo la chon mac nh tai o IJK code modal (hoac Radius code modal neu chon R) e cho cac lenh noi suy cung tron luon xuat ra IJK (hoac R) cho du cac gia tr nay bang nhau. Chon File > Save e lu nhng thong so va hieu chnh. Chon File > Exit e thoat. Xuat lai chng trnh e kiem tra ket qua.

Lu y : v a at ten chng trnh mac nh la O1234 nen khi xuat Pro/E se hoi ten chng trnh. Neu nhap ten mi th go vao, neu muon lay ten mac nh la O1234 th nhan Enter.

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