THAMKHAO - VN 1980 Bai Tap Dai Mon Ky Thuat Dien Cao AP

BI TP DI MN KT CAO P GVHD:Th.
S Trn Hong Hip

BI TP DI MN K THUT IN CAO P
H v tn sinh vin: Nguyn Tin Hng
Lp:
1
-H
2
Khoa: H Thng in
Gio vin hng dn: Th.S Trn Hong Hip
TNH TON THIT K BO V CHNG ST CHO
TRM BIN P 220/110KV
I. S LIU BAN U:
* Trm bin p: Pha 220 kV c din tch: (120.90) m
2
Pha 110 kV c din tch: (100.90) m
2
* in tr sut ca t:

=100 m
* ng dy:
- Trm 220 kV c 3 l
- Trm 110 kV c 5 l
- Dy dn: ACO 240
- Dy chng st: C-70
* Chiu di khong vt ca ng dy 110 kV: l = 300 m
* Chiu di khong vt ca ng dy 220 kV: l = 300 m
* Khi tnh ni t: R
c
= 6
II. NI DUNG BI TP DI
Phn I:
* Chng I: Tnh ton bo v st nh trc vo trm bin p 220/110 kV
A. L thuyt chung
+ Cc yu cu i vi h thng thu st
+ Cch xc nh, tnh ton PVBV ca h thng thu st ( 1 ct, 2 ct )
B. Tnh ton
* Chng II: Tnh ton h thng ni t trm bin p 220/110 kV
Phn II: Cc bn v lin quan
SVTH:Nguyn Tin Hng Lp:
1
-H
2
1 Khoa: H Thng in
BI TP DI MN KT CAO P GVHD:Th.S Trn Hong Hip
I.1. C s l thuyt chung:
I.1.1. Nhng yu cu i vi h thng thu st:
Cc thit b phn phi in t ngoi tri nh ng dy, trm bin p rt d b
qu in p c th l do qu in p kh quyn (st nh trc tip, cm ng hay lan truyn
trn ng dy), hoc qu in p ni b. Trong , s qu in p kh quyn do st nh
l rt nguy him v gy nhng thit hi nghim trng cho cc cng trnh trong h thng
in. V vy, bo v chng st nh trc tip l mt trong nhng yu cu hng u khi
thit k v vn hnh mt mng in.
H thng thu st l mt b phn cng trnh quan trng nhm bo v cc b phn
ca h thng in nh ng dy, trm bin p khi h hng khi b st nh. i vi
ng dy, bo v chng st nh trc tip ngi ta s dng h thng dy chng st.
i vi trm bin p v nh my in ngi ta s dng cc ct thu li. Cc ct thu li c
th t c lp hoc trong iu kin cho php c th t trn cc kt cu ca trm v ca
nh my.
Yu cu chnh i vi h thng thu st l phi c in tr ni t nh m
bo tn nhanh dng in st xung t, trnh hin tng phng ngc dng in st t
thit b ny sang thit b khc, hoc t ct thu st hay dy chng st sang cc cng trnh
mang in t ln cn. Khi thit k bo v chng st th cn m bo cc yu cu v k
thut, kinh t v m thut.
- i vi cc trm phn phi ngoi tri t 110 kV tr ln do c mc cch in cao
nn c th t ct thu li trn kt cu ca trm phn phi. Cc tr ct ca cc kt cu trn
c t ct thu li phi c ngn nht v sao cho dng in st I
S
khuch tn vo t
theo 34 thanh ci ca h thng ni t . Ngoi ra mi tr ca kt cu y phi c ni
t b sung ci thin ch s in tr ni t.
- Ni yu nht ca trm phn phi ngoi tri vi in p t 110 kV tr ln l cun
dy my bin p, v vy khi dng chng st van bo v my bin p th yu cu
khong cch gia hai im ni vo h thng ni t ca ct thu li v v my bin p
theo ng in phi ln hn 15m.
1
-H
2
2 Khoa: H Thng in
- Khi b tr ct thu li trn x ca trm phn phi ngoi tri 110 kV tr ln phi
thc hin cc im sau:
+ ch ni cc kt cu trn c t ct thu li vo h thng ni t cn phi c
ni t b sung (dng ni t tp trung) nhm m bo in tr khuch tn khng c
qu 4 (ng vi dng in tn s cng nghip).
+ Khi b tr ct thu li trn x ca trm 35kV phi tng cng cch in ca
n ln n mc cch in ca cp 110 kV.
+ Trn u ra ca cun dy 6 10kV ca my bin p phi t cc ct chng
st van (CSV), cc thit b chng st ny c th t ngay trn v my.
+ bo v cun dy 35 kV cn t cc ct chng st van. Khong cch gia
ch ni vo h thng ni t ca v my bin p v ca chng st van (theo ng in)
phi nh hn 5m. Khong cch y c th tng ln nu im ni t ca chng st van
vo gia hai im ni t ca v my bin p v ca kt cu trn c t ct thu li.
+ Khong cch trong khng kh gia kt cu ca trm trn c t ct thu li v
b phn mang in khng c b hn chiu di ca chui s.
- C th ni ct thu li c lp vo h thng ni t ca trm phn phi cp in
p 110kV nu nh cc yu cu trn c thc hin.
- Khng nn t ct thu li trn kt cu ca trm phn phi20 35 kV, cng nh
khng nn ni cc ct thu li vo h thng ni t ca trm 20 35 kV.
- Khi dng ct thu li c lp phi ch n khong cch gia ct thu li n cc
b phn ca trm trnh kh nng phng in t ct thu li n vt c bo v.
- Khi dng ct n chiu sng lm gi cho cc ct thu li phi cho dy dn
in n n vo ng ch v chn vo t.
- i vi cc nh my in dng s b th ch c t ct thu li trn x my
bin p khi my pht in v my bin p c ni vi nhau bng cu bc kn v hai u
1
-H
2
3 Khoa: H Thng in
c ni t. Nu cu c phn on th khng c php t ct thu li trn x ca my
bin p. Vi my b ng b cng p dng iu ny.
- C th ni dy chng st bo v on n trm vo h thng ni t ca trm nu
nh khong cch t ch ni t ca trm n im ni t ca my bin p ln hn 15m.
- m bo v mt c tnh ( bn c hc) v chng n mn cn phi theo ng
quy nh v loi vt liu, tit din dy dn dng trn mt dt v di t phi theo bng
sau:
Bng 1.1 Bng qui nh qui cch loi dy dn dng dn dng in st
Loi vt liu Dy dn dng in st
dng trn mt t
Dy dn dng in st
dng di mt t
Thp trn m km

8 mm

10 mm
Thp dt m km 20 x 2,5 mm
2
30 x 3,5 mm
2
Cp thp Khng c dng Khng c dng
Thanh ng trn

8 mm

8 mm
Thanh ng dt 20x2,5 mm
2
20x2,5 mm
2
Dy ng xon Khng c dng Khng c dng
Thanh nhm trn Khng c dng Khng c dng
1.2 Cch xc nh phm vi bo v ca h thng thu st:
1.2.1 Phm vi bo v ca mt ct thu st:
Phm vi bo v ca mt ct thu st c cao l h tnh cho cao h
x
l mt hnh
chp trn xoay c ng sinh c xc nh nh sau:
1
-H
2
4 Khoa: H Thng in
r
x

) h h (
h
h
1
6 , 1
x
x

+
h
x
r
rx
h
Hnh 1.1. Phm vi bo v cho mt ct thu st.
Trong :
- h: chiu cao ct thu st.
- h
x
: chiu cao cn c bo v.
- h h
x
: chiu cao hiu dng.
Trong tnh ton, ng sinh c a v dng ng gy khc abc c xc nh
nh sau:
h
0,8h
h
x
2
3
h
0,75h
1,5h
r
x
a
b
c
Hnh 1.2. Phm vi bo v ca mt ct thu st (ng sinh gp khc).
Trong :
ab: ng thng ni t nh ct n im trn mt t cch xa chn ct mt
khong l 0,75h.
bc: l ng thng ni 1 im c cao trn thn ct l 0,8h n 1 im trn mt
t cch chn ct l 1,5h.
1
-H
2
5 Khoa: H Thng in
Khi: h
x

h
3
2
Th: r
x
= 1,5h(1-
h 8 , 0
h
x
) = 1,5h 1,875h
x

Khi: h
x

h
3
2
Th: r
x
= 0,75h(1-
h
h
x
) = 0,75h 0,75h
x
Cc cng thc ch s dng cho HTTS c cao h < 30m. Khi h 30m ta cn
hiu chnh cc cng thc theo h s p.
p
h
5 , 5

1.2.2 Phm vi bo v ca hai ct thu st:
a. Hai ct thu st c cao bng nhau:
Xt 2 ct thu st c cao bng nhau h
1
= h
2
= h, cch nhau 1 khong a.
Hnh 1.3. Phm vi bo v ca hai ct thu st c cao bng nhau.
+ Khi a = 7h th mi vt nm trn mt t khong gia 2 ct khng b st nh
vo.
+ Khi a < 7h th khong gia 2 ct s bo v c cho cao ln nht h
0
c xc
nh nh sau: h
0
= h -
7
a
Phm vi bo v:
- Phn ngoi: ging nh ca tng ct.
- Phn gia: cung trn i qua 3 im 1,2,3 (im 3 l im t ct gi tng c
cao h
0
.
+) Tnh ton phm vi bo v:
- Bn knh bo v ca tng ct: r
x1
= r
x2
= r
x
- Bn knh bo v gia hai ct: r
0x
.
1
-H
2
6 Khoa: H Thng in
- cao ln nht bo v c gia hai ct: h
0
= h -
7
a
Nu: h
x
0
h
3
2
Th: r
0x
= 1,5h
0
.(1 -
0
x
h 8 , 0
h
)
Nu: h
x

0
h
3
2
Th: r
0x
= 0,75h
0
.(1 -
0
x
h
h
)
Cc cng thc trn c p dng khi h thng chng st c cao nh hn 30m.
Nu h thng chng st c cao ln hn hoc bng 30m th cc cng thc cng cn
c hiu chnh theo h s p nu mc.
b. Hai ct thu st c cao khc nhau:
Xt 2 ct thu st c cao l h
1
v h
2
, cch nhau 1 khong a c b tr nh hnh
v:
Hnh 1.4 Phm vi bo v ca 2 ct c cao khc nhau.
+ Xc nh phm vi bo v:
- Phn ngoi: ging nh ca tng ct.
- Phn trong: t nh ct h
1
dng ng thng nm ngang ct phm vi bo v ca
ct h
2
ti 3
, vi 3
l v tr t ct gi tng c cao l h
1
.
- Phn gia: ging nh ca hai ct c cng cao h
1
.
( x a O O O O a O O
2
'
3 2 1
' '
3 1
, x l bn knh bo v ca ct cao h
2
cho ct
gi tng
'
1
h
.
+ Tnh ton phm vi bo v:
1
-H
2
7 Khoa: H Thng in
- Tnh bn knh bo v tng ct r
x1
, r
x2
.
- Tnh bn knh bo v gia hai ct r
ox
.
- Khong cch gia ct thp v ct gi tng 3
a
= a x ( trong x l bn knh bo v ca ct cao h

2
cho ct gi tng c
cao h
1
).
- cao ln nht c bo v gia 1, 3
:
' 3 01
h

= h
1
-
7
' a
I.1.2.3.Phm vi bo v cho nhiu ct thu st:
+) Phm vi bo v cho 3 ct thu st:
Phm vi bo v cho 3 ct thu st c cao h
1
= h
2
= h
3
= h cng bo v cho cao
h
x
c minh ha nh hnh v di y
r0x2-3
r0x1-3
r0x1-2
rx3
rx2
rx1
Hnh 1.5. Bn knh bo v ca 3 ct c cao bng nhau
l phn din tch nm trong ng bao m cc ng trn to ra.
Trong :
- r
x1
= r
x2
= r
x3
= r
x
: bn knh bo v ca tng ct.
- r
ox1-2
= r
0x1-3
= r
0x3-2
: bn knh bo v chung gia cc ct 1-2, 2-3, 3-1.
+) Phm vi bo v cho 4 ct thu st:
Phm vi bo v cho 3 ct thu st c cao h
1
= h
2
= h
3
= h
4
= h cng bo v cho
cao h
x
c minh ha nh hnh v di y.
1
-H
2
8 Khoa: H Thng in
1 2
3
4
r0x1-2
rx1
Hnh 1.6. Phm vi bo v ca bn ct thu st c cao bng nhau
Phm vi bo v l phn din tch cng trnh nm trong ng bao ngoi cng ca
hnh v.
Vi: r
x1
= r
x2
= r
x3
= r
x4
= r
x
r
ox1-2
= r
0x3-4
: bn knh bo v chung gia cc ct 1-2, 3-4
r
ox1-4
= r
0x2-3
: bn knh bo v chung gia cc ct 1-4, 2-3
iu kin cng trnh nm trong min gii hn bi cc ct thu st c bo v
an ton l:
D8.(h-h
x)
)
- trong : D l ng trn ngoi tip phn mt bng c dng hnh tam gic, ch
nht; h: chiu cao ct thu st; h
x
: chiu cao cn bo v.
II. Tnh ton:
1
-H
2
9 Khoa: H Thng in
Theo s kt cu ca trm, ta mi ch bit din tch mt bng trong trm m
cha bit v tr ca cc thit b trong trm. V vy ch cn b tr cc ct thu st sao cho
bo v c phn din tch mt bng c cao h
x
.
i vi pha 220 kV: h
x
= 16,5m
i vi pha 110 kV: h
x
= 11m
Ta thc hin tnh ton cho cc pha. Ta s xt 2 phng n t v tr ct thu st cho
trm bin p.
*) Phng n A
Trong phng n ny, ta s dng 15 ct thu st c b tr trn mt bng trm
bin p nh hnh v.
120.000 100.000
1 4 7
10 13
14
15
12 9 6
3
2
5 11 8
5
0
.
0
0
0
4
0
.
0
0
0
60.000 50.000
A-1. Tnh ton phm vi bo v cho pha 220 kV:
iu kin cn cng trnh c bo v an ton l:
D8.(h-h
x
)
Suy ra: hh
x
+
8
D

*)Xt nhm ct (5,8,9,6) to thnh hnh ch nht bo v cho cao 16,5m.
+ Cnh (5-8) = 60m = a
+ Cnh (5-6) = 50 m =b
ng knh D
1
ca ng trn ngoi tip qua cc nh ct l:
1
-H
2
10 Khoa: H Thng in
D=
2 2 2 2
a b 60 50 78,102 + +
m
cao tc dng ti thiu cho cc ct bo v hon ton din tch gii hn bi
chng l:
h
a
=
78,102
8
= 9,763 m
cao ca ct thu li l:
h = h
x
+ h
a
= 16,5 + 10 = 26,5 m
A-2. Tnh ton phm vi bo v cho pha 110 kV:
Xt nhm ct (11,14,12,15) to thnh hnh ch nht bo v cho cao 11m.
+ Cnh (11-14) = 50m = c
+ Cnh (11-12) = 50 m = d
ng knh D ca ng trn ngoi tip i qua cc nh ct l:
D =
2 2 2 2
c d 50 50 + +
= 70,71 m
cao tc dng ti thiu cho cc ct bo v hon ton din tch gii hn bi
chng l:
h
a
=
70, 71
8
8,84 m
cao ca ct thu li l:
h = h
x
+ h
a
= 11 + 9 = 20 m
*)Tnh bn knh bo v ca ct thu li c b tr nh hnh v:
- Tnh bn knh bo v ca mt ct thu li
+Xt ct 5:
Ta c: h
x
=16,5(m) <
2
3
h=
2
3
.26,5=17,667(m)
Vy bn knh bo v ca 1 ct thu li vi cao cn bo v h
x
=16,5m
r
x5
=1,5.h(1-
x
h
0,8.h
)=1,5.26,5.(1-
16,5
0,8.26,5
)=8,812 (m)
+Xt ct 11:
1
-H
2
11 Khoa: H Thng in
Ta c: h
x
=11(m)<
2
3
h=
2
3
.20=13,33(m)
x
=11m
r
x11
=1,5.h(1-
x
h
0,8.h
)=1,5.20.(1-
11
0,8.20
)= 9,375 (m)
-Tnh bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia hai ct thu li:
Hai ct c chiu cao nh nhau:
Pha 220kV:chiu cao cn bo v h
x
=16,5m
+Xt 2 ct (5-8):khong cch gia 2 ct 60m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=26,5-
60
7
= 17,928 (m)
h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.17,928=11,952(m)
Vy bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia hai ct thu li l:
r
x5-8
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.17,928.(1-
16,5
17,928
)=1,071 (m)
+Xt 2 ct (2-3): khong cch gia 2 ct l 50 m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=26,5-
50
7
= 19,357 (m)
h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.19,357=12,905(m)
r
x2-3
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.19,357.(1-
16,5
19,357
)=2,143 (m)
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=26,5-
40
7
= 20,786 (m)
h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.20,786=13,857(m)
1
-H
2
12 Khoa: H Thng in
r
x1-2
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.20,786.(1-
16,5
20, 786
)=3,215 (m)
x
=11m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=20-
50
7
= 12,857 (m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.12,857=8,571(m)
r
x11-14
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.12,857.(1-
11
12,857
)=1,393 (m)
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=20-
40
7
= 14,286 (m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.14,286=9,524(m)
r
x10-11
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.14,286.(1-
11
14, 286
)=2,464 (m)
Hai ct ct chiu cao khc nhau:
+Xt hai ct (7-10) vi khong cch gia 2 ct a=50m
Chiu cao ct cao h
7
=26,5m
Chiu cao ct thp h
10
=20m.
Ta tnh bn knh bo v ca tng ct cho cao 11 m. Ct 10 theo kt qu phn trn ta
tnh c l r
x10
= 9,375 m.
Ta tnh cho ct 7.
- Bn knh bo v ca ct 7 l r
x7
.
Ta c:
1
-H
2
13 Khoa: H Thng in
h
x
= 11m <
7
2 2
h 26, 5 17, 67
3 3
m. Nn:
Bn knh bo v ca ct 7 l:
r
x7
= 1,5.h(1-
x
h
0,8.h
)=1,5.26,5(1-
11
0,8.26,5
)= 19,125 m.
Bn knh bo v ca ct cao h
7
=26,5m cho cao cn bo v l chiu cao ca ct thp
h
10
=20m.
Ta c: h
x
=h
7
=20m >
2
3
.26,5=17,67m
x=0,75.h(1-
x
h
h
)=0,75.26,5.(1-
20
26,5
)=4,875 (m)
Ta c: a
= 50-4,875=45,125m
'
0710
h
=h
10
-
,
a
7
=20-
45,125
7
= 13,553(m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
'
0710
h
=
2
3
.13,553=9,035 (m)
Vy bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia hai ct thu li c cao h
x
=11m l:
r
x7-10
=0,75. '
0710
h
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.13,553.(1-
11
13,553
)=1,915 (m)
Tnh ton tng t cho cc ct cn li ta c kt qu ghi trong bng sau:
NHM CT C CAO BNG NHAU
PHA 220KV h
x
= 16,5m
1
-H
2
14 Khoa: H Thng in
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
2
3
.h
0
(m)
r
0x
(m)
3-6 26,5 60 17,928 11,952 1,071
2-3 26,5 50 19,357 12,905 2,143
4-5 26,5 40 20,786 13,857 3,215
PHA 110KV h
x
= 11m
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
2
3
.h
0
(m)
r
0x
(m)
13-14 20 40 14,286 9,524 2,464
11-12 20 50 12,857 8,571 1,393
NHM CT C CAO KHC NHAU h
x
= 11m
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
x
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
r
0x

(m)
8-11 20 50 4,875 45,125 13,553 1,915
Phm vi bo v ca cc ct thu st trong phng n 1
1
4
7
10 13
14
15
12
9
6
3
2
5 11 8
R8.812
R9.375
1.071
3.215
2.143
1.071
1.915 1.393
1.393
2.464
R19.125
R9.375
R8.812
Kt lun.
Phng n bo v tha mn yu cu t ra.
Tng s ct l 15 ct, trong c 9 ct cao 26,5m v 6 ct cao 20m
Tng chiu di : L
1
= 9.(26,5 16,5) + 6.(20 11) =144 (m).
*) Phng n B
1
-H
2
15 Khoa: H Thng in
Trong phng n ny, ta s dng 21 ct thu st c b tr trn mt bng trm
bin p nh hnh v.
120.000
40.000
100.000
1
4 7 10 13
14
15
12 9 6
3
2 5 11
8
16
17
18
19
21
9
0
.
0
0
0
20
40.000
5
0
.
0
0
0
30.000 40.000
B-1 Tnh ton phm vi bo v cho pha 220 kV:
iu kin cn cng trnh c bo v an ton l:
D8.(h-h
x
)
Suy ra: hh
x
+
8
D
Xt nhm ct (2,3,5,6) to thnh hnh ch nht bo v cho cao 16,5 m
+Cnh (2-3)=50m=e
+Cnh (3-6)=40m=f
D =
2 2 2 2
e f 50 40 + +
= 64,031 m
cao tc dng ti thiu cho cc ct bo v hon ton din tch gii hn bi chng l:
h
a
=
64, 031
8
8,004 m
cao ca ct thu li l: h = h
x
+ h
a
= 16,5 + 8 = 24,5 m
B-2 Tnh ton phm vi bo v cho pha 110 kV:
Xt nhm ct (17,18,20,21) to thnh hnh ch nht bo v cho cao 11 m
1
-H
2
16 Khoa: H Thng in
+Cnh (17-18)=50m=k
+Cnh (18-21)=40m=l
D =
2 2 2 2
k l 50 40 + +
= 64,031 m
cao tc dng ti thiu cho cc ct bo v hon ton din tch gii hn bi chng l:
h
a
=
64, 031
8
8,004 m
cao ca ct thu li l: h = h
x
+ h
a
= 11 + 8 = 19 m
*)Tnh bn knh bo v ca ct thu li c b tr nh hnh v:
- Tnh bn knh bo v ca mt ct thu li
+Xt ct 6:
Ta c: h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h=
2
3
.24,5=16,33(m)
x
=16,5m
r
x6
=0,75.h(1-
x
h
h
)=0,75.24,5.(1-
16,5
24,5
)=6 (m)
+Xt ct 20:
Ta c: h
x
=11(m)<
2
3
h=
2
3
.19=12,667(m)
x
=11m
r
x20
=1,5.h(1-
x
h
0,8.h
)=1,5.19.(1-
11
0,8.19
)= 7,875 (m)
-Tnh bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia hai ct thu li:
Hai ct c chiu cao nh nhau:
x
=16,5m
+Xt 2 ct (2-3):khong cch gia 2 ct a=50m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=24,5-
50
7
= 17,357 (m)
1
-H
2
17 Khoa: H Thng in
h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.17,357=11,571(m)
r
x2-3
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.17,357.(1-
16,5
17,357
)=0,643 (m)
+Xt 2 ct (3-6): khong cch gia 2 ct l a=40 m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=24,5-
40
7
= 18,786 (m)
h
x
=16,5(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.18,786=12,524(m)
r
x3-6
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.18,786.(1-
16,5
18, 786
)=1,714 (m)
x
=11m
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=19-
50
7
= 11,857 (m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.11,857=7,905(m)
r
x20-21
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.11,857.(1-
11
11,857
)=0,643 (m)
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=19-
40
7
= 13,286 (m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.13,286=8,857(m)
1
-H
2
18 Khoa: H Thng in
r
x18-21
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.13,286.(1-
11
13, 286
)=1,714 (m)
Ta c: h
0
=h-
a
7
=19-
30
7
= 14,714 (m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
h
0
=
2
3
.14,714=9,809(m)
r
x15-18
=0,75.h
0
(1-
x
0
h
h
)=0,75.14,714.(1-
11
14, 714
)=2,785 (m)
Hai ct ct chiu cao khc nhau:
+Xt hai ct (10-13) vi khong cch gia 2 ct a=30m
Chiu cao ct cao h
10
=24,5m
Chiu cao ct thp h
13
=19m.
Ta tnh bn knh bo v ca tng ct cho cao 11 m. Ct 13 theo kt qu phn trn ta
tnh c l r
x13
=7,875 m.
Ta tnh cho ct 10.
- Bn knh bo v ca ct 10 l r
x10
.
Ta c:
h
x
= 11m <
10
2 2
h 24, 5 16, 33
3 3
m. Nn:
Bn knh bo v ca ct 10 l:
r
x10
= 1,5.h(1-
x
h
0,8.h
)=1,5.24,5(1-
11
0,8.24,5
)= 16,125 m.
Bn knh bo v ca ct cao h
10
=24,5m cho cao cn bo v l chiu cao ca ct
thp h
13
=19m.
Ta c: h
x
=h
10
=19m >
2
3
.24,5=16,33m
1
-H
2
19 Khoa: H Thng in
r
x
=0,75.h(1-
x
h
h
)=0,75.24,5.(1-
19
24,5
)=4,125 (m)
Ta c: a
= 30-4,125=25,875m
'
01013
h
=h
10
-
,
a
7
=19-
25,875
7
= 15,303(m)
h
x
=11(m) >
2
3
'
01013
h
=
2
3
.15,303=10,202 (m)
Vy bn knh ca khu vc bo v gia hai ct thu li c cao h
x
=11m l:
r
x10-13
=0,75. '
01013
h
(1-
'
x
01013
h
h
)=0,75.15,303.(1-
11
15,303
)=3,227 (m)
Tnh ton tng t cho cc ct cn li ta co kt qu ghi trong bng sau:
NHM CT C CAO BNG NHAU
PHA 220KV h
x
= 16,5m
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
2
3
.h
0
(m)
r
0x

(m)
5-6 24,5 50 17,357 11,571 0,643
1-2 24,5 40 18,786 12,524 1,714
PHA 110KV h
x
= 11m
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
2
3
.h
0
(m)
r
0x

(m)
20-21 19 50 11,857 7,905 0,643
18-21 19 40 13,286 8,857 1,714
15-18 19 30 14,714 9,809 2,785
NHM CT C CAO KHC NHAU h
x
= 11m
Cp ct cao ct
(m)
a
(m)
x
(m)
a
(m)
h
0
(m)
r
0x

(m)
10-13 24,5-19 30 4,125 25,875 15,303 3,227

1
-H
2
20 Khoa: H Thng in
Phm vi bo v ca cc ct thu st trong phng n 2
1
4
7
10
13
14
15
9 6
3
2
5 11
8
16
17
18
19
21
20
1.714
1.714
0.643
2.785
1.714
0.643
1.714
3.227
R6.000
R7.875
R6.000
R7.875
1.714
R16.125
R7.875
R6.000
Kt lun.
Phng n bo v tha mn yu cu t ra.
Tng s ct l 21 ct, trong c 12 ct cao 24,5m v 9 ct cao 19m
Tng chiu di : L
1
= 12.(24,5 16,5) + 9.(19 11) =168 (m).
Tng kt 2 phng n.
C hai phng n trn u tha mn nhu cu k thut ra. Qua tnh ton ta
thy phng n A c chiu di ct tnh ton nh hn do vy chi ph xy dng cng
nh hn v vy ta chn phng n A lm phng n thit k.
1
-H
2
21 Khoa: H Thng in
CHNG II
TNH TON H THNG NI T CHO TRM BIN P 220/110kV
2.1 YU CU K THUT KHI NI T TRM BIN P.
Ni t l em cc b phn bng kim loi c nguy c b tip xc vi dng in(h
hng cch in) ni vi h thng ni t. Nhim v ca ni t l tn dng in xung
t dm bo cho in th trn vt ni t c tr s b. H thng ni t l mt phn
quan trng trong vic bo v qu in p. Ty theo nhim v v hiu qu m h thng ni
t c chia l ba loi.
- Ni t lm vic.
- Ni t an ton.
- Ni t chng st.
*)Ni t lm vic.
Nhim v chnh l m bo s l vic bnh thng ca thit b, hoc mt s b
phn ca thit b yu cu phi lm vic ch lm vic c quy nh sn.
+ Ni t im trung tnh my bin p.
+ H thng in c im trung tnh trc tip ni t.
+ Ni t ca my bin p o lng v cc khng in dng trong b ngang trn
cc ng dy cao p truyn ti in.
*)Ni t an ton.
C nhim v m bo an ton cho con ngi khi cch in b h hng. Thc hin
ni t an ton bng cch ni t cc b phn kim loi khng mang in nh v my,
thng du my bin p, cc gi kim loi. Khi cch in b h hng do lo ha th trn
cc b phn kim loi s c mt in th nhng do ni t nn in th ny c gi tr nh
khng nguy him cho ngi tip xc.
1
-H
2
22 Khoa: H Thng in
*)Ni t chng st.
C tc dng lm tn dng in st vo trong t khi st nh vo ct thu li hay
ng dy. Hn ch hnh thnh v lan truyn ca sng in p do phng in st gy nn.
Ni t chng st cn c nhim v hn ch hiu in th gia hai im bt k trn ct
in v t. Nu khng, mi khi co st nh vo ct chng st hoc trn ng dy, sng
in p c kh nng phng in ngc ti cc thit b v cng trnh cn bo v, ph hy
cc thit b in v my bin p.
V nguyn tc l phi tch ri cc h thng ni t ni trn nhng trong thc t ta
ch dng mt h thng ni t chung cho cc nhim v. Song h thng ni t chung phi
m bo yu cu ca thit b khi c dng ngn mch chm t ln do vy yu cu in
tr ni t phi nh.
Khi in tr ni t cng nh th c th tn dng in vi mt ln, tc dng ca
ni t tt hn an ton. Nhng t c tr s in tr ni t nh th rt tn km do
vy trong tnh ton ta phi thit k sao cho kt hp c c hai c c hai yu t l m
bo v k thut v hp l v kinh t.
- Mt s yu cu k thut ca in tr ni t.
Tr s in tr ni t ca ni t an ton c chn sao cho cc tr s in p
bc v tip xc trong mi trng hp u khng vt qu gii hn cho php.
+ i vi cc thit b in c im trung tnh trc tip ni t yu cu in tr ni
t phi tha mn : R 0,5 .
+ i vi cc thit b c im trung tnh cch in th:
tt
250
R ( ).
I

+ i vi h thng c im trung tnh cch in vi t v ch c mt h thng ni
t dng chung cho c thit b cao p v h p th :
tt
125
R ( ).
I

1
-H
2
23 Khoa: H Thng in
+ Khi dng ni t t nhin nu in tr ni t t nhin tha mn yu cu ca
cc thit b c dng ngn mch chm t b th khng cn ni t nhn to na. Cn nu
in tr ni t t nhin khng tha mn i vi cc thit b cao p c dng ngn mch
chm t ln th ta phi tin hnh ni t nhn to v yu cu tr s ca in tr ni t
nhn to l: R 1 . Thc t d R
TN
0,5 th vn phi ni t nhn to v R
TN
c th
xy ra bin ng nh t dy chng st ti khong vt gn trm.
+ Trong khi thc hin ni t c th tn dng cc hnh thc ni t sn c nh cc
ng ng v cc kt cu kim loi ca cng trnh chn trong t Vic tnh ton in
tr tn ca cc ng ng chon trong t hon ton ging vi in cc hnh tia.
+ V t l mt trng khng ng nht, kh phc tp do in tr sut ca t
ph thuc vo nhiu yu t: thnh phn ca t nh cc loi mui, axitcha trong t,
m, nhit v iu kin kh hu. Vit Nam kh hu thay i theo tng ma, m
ca t cng thay i theo dn n in tr sut ca t cng bin i trong phm vi
rng. Do vy trong tnh ton thit k v ni t th tr s in tr ca t da theo kt qu
o lng thc a v sau phi hiu chnh theo h s ma, mc ch l tng cng an
ton.
Cng thc hi chnh nh sau:
tt d mua
.k
Trong :
tt
l in tr sut tnh ton ca t.

d
l in tr sut o c ca t.

mua
k l h s ma ca t.
H s
mua
k ca t ph thuc vo dng in cc v chn su ca in cc.
2.2 CC S LIU DNG TNH TON NI T.
in tr sut o c ca t
d
=100 m.
in tr ni t ct ng dy : R
c
= 6 .
Dy chng st s dng loi C-70 c in tr n v l r
0
= 2,38 /km.
Chiu di khong vt ng dy:
1
-H
2
24 Khoa: H Thng in
Pha 220kV: l
220
= 300m.
Pha 110kV: l
110
= 300m.
in tr tc dng ca dy chng st trong mt khong vt l:
( )
( )
3
cs.220 o 220
3
cs.110 o 110
R r .l 2, 38.300.10 0, 714
R r .l 2, 38.300.10 0, 714

S l trong trm:
Trm 220kV : n = 3 l.
Trm 110kV : n = 5 l.
2.2.1 Ni t an ton.
Cho php s dng ni t an ton vi ni t lm vic thnh mt h thng. in
tr ni t ca h thng l :
( )
TN NT
HT TN NT
TN NT
R .R
R R / /R 0, 5
R R

+

Trong :
TN
R : in tr ni t t nhin.

NT
R : in tr ni t nhn to,
NT
R 1 .
a/ in tr ni t t nhin.
Ni t t nhin ca trm l h thng chng st ng dy v ct in 110kV v
220kV ti trm.
Ta c cng thc sau:
c
TN
c
cs
R 1
R .
n
R 1 1
2 R 4
+ +

Trong : n : l s l dy.
R
cs
:l in tr tc dng ca dy chng st trong mt khong vt.
R
c
: l in tr ni t ca ct in.
1
-H
2
25 Khoa: H Thng in
- Pha 220 kV.
( )
c
TN.220
c
cs.220
R 1 1 6
R . . 0, 581
n 3
R 1 6 1 1 1
2 0, 714 4 2 R 4

+ + + +
- Pha 110 kV.
( )
c
TN.110
c
cs.110
R 1 1 6
R . . 0, 349
n 5
R 1 6 1 1 1
2 0, 714 4 2 R 4

+ + + +
( )
1
TN TN.220 TN.110
1 1
R R / /R 0, 208
0, 581 0, 349
_
+

,
Ta thy gi tr in tr R
TN
< 0,5 t yu cu v l thuyt. Tuy vy ni t t
nhin c nhiu thay i v vy m bo an ton ta phi ni t nhn to.
b/ in tr ni t nhn to.
Ni t c cc hnh thc cc di 2-3m bng st trn hay st chn thng ng.
Thanh di chon nm ngang su 0,5 0,8 m t theo hnh tia, mch vng hoc t hp
ca hai hnh thc trn.
Trm bin p khi thit k h thng ni t nhn to ta s dng hnh thc ni t
mch vng xung quanh trm bng cc thanh dt.
in tr mch vng ca trm l:
2
tt
MV
K.L
R .ln
2. .l d.t
Trong L l chu vi mch vng L=2.(l

1
+l
2
)=2.(90+220)=620(m)
t : chon su ca thanh ly t = 0,8m.
tt
: in tr sut tnh ton ca t i vi thanh lm mch vng chon su t:
tt d mua
.k
Tra bng vi thanh ngang chn su 0,8m ta c k
mua
= 1,6
1
-H
2
26 Khoa: H Thng in
tt d mua
.k 100.1, 6 160( m)
d: ng knh thanh lm mch vng. Chn thanh c b rng 4cm.
( )
2
2
b 4.10
d 2.10 m
2 2

K : h s hnh dng ph thuc hnh dng ca h thng ni t.
Gi tr ca K ph thuc vo kch thc mch vng v c cho bng sau:
L
1
/L
2
1 1,5 2 3 4
K 5,53 5,81 6,42 8,17 10,4
th
5,53 5,53
5,81
6,42
8,17
10,4
7,144
l1/l2
K
1 1,5 2 2,444 3 4
T th ng vi t s l
1
/l
2
=220/90=2,444 ta ni suy c K=7,144
Nh vy in tr mch vng l :
( )
2 2
tt
MV 2
K.L 160 7,144.620
R .ln .ln 0, 779
2. .l d.t 2. .620 2.10 .0,8

MV NT
R R 0, 779 1 < nh vy in tr ca h thng ni t nhn to t yu
cu. Nn khng phi ng thm cc vo h thng ni t
1
-H
2
27 Khoa: H Thng in
Ta c in tr ni t ca h thng:
HT NT TN
0, 208.0, 779
R R / /R 0,164( )
0, 208 0, 779

+

HT
R 0,164 0, 5 < Nn h thng ni t chn l tha mn yu
cu ca ni t lm vic v an ton.
2.2.2 Ni t chng st.
y cp n c hai qu trnh ng thi xy ra khi c dng in tn trong t :
- Qu trnh qu ca s phn b in p dc theo chiu di in cc.
- Qu trnh phng in trong t.
Khi chiu di in cc ngn (ni t tp trung) th khng cn xt qu trnh qu
m ch cn xt qu trnh phng in trong t. Ngc li khi ni t dng hnh thc phn
b di (tia di hoc mch vng) th ng thi phi xt c hai qu trnh c nh hng khc
nhau n hiu qu ni t. V hnh thc ni t chng ta chn cho trm bin p l ni t
di (mch vng theo chu vi trm) nn s ng thi xt c hai qu trnh. V h thng ni
t ca chng ta c dng cho c ba nhim v nn ta s dng ni t an ton v lm
vic tnh ton cho ni t chng st.
*)Tnh ton ni t phn b di khng xt n qu trnh phng in trong t.
S ng tr ca ni t c th hin nh sau:
L R
G C
L R L R L R
G C G C G C
Hnh 2.2 : S ng tr ca h thng ni t.
1
-H
2
28 Khoa: H Thng in
Trong mi trng hp u c th b qua in tr tc dng R v n b so vi tr s
in tr tn, ng thi cng khng cn xt ti phn in dung C v ngay c trong trng
hp sng xung kch, dng in dung cng rt nh so vi dng in tr tn.
L
G
L
G
L
G
L
G
Hnh 2.3: S ng tr rt gn.
Trong : L
0
- in cm ca in cc trn mt n v di.
G
0
- in dn ca in cc trn mt n v di.
0
l
L 0, 2. ln 0, 31 H/ m
r
_

,
Vi: l - chiu di in cc, l = L=620m (ni t mch vng theo chu vi ca trm)
r - bn knh cc phn trc nu cc l thp dt c b rng b (m).
Do r = b/4 = 0,01m
Thay s ta c :
0
l 620
L 0, 2. ln 0, 31 0, 2. ln 0, 31 2,145 H/ m
r 0, 01
_ _

, ,
Khi ta c in dn ca in cc:
0
1 1
G
R.l m
_
,
Trong : R: in tr xoay chiu tnh cho ma st:
Trong ni t chng st khi dng thanh ngang chn su 0,8 m th k
ma
= 1,25.
at
set set
MV
MV mua at
mua
R
R .k
k

1
-H
2
29 Khoa: H Thng in
V ta thc hin vic ni t bng cch dng mt mch vng bao quanh trm m
khng ng thm cc nn gi tr in tr nhn to ma st c tnh theo cng thc:
set
set set set
mua
NT MV mua at
mua
R 0, 779.1, 25
R R .k 0, 608
k 1, 6

Thay s vo ta c in dn ca in cc l:
3
0
1 1 1
G 2, 653.10 ( )
R.l 0, 608.620 m
*)Tnh tng tr xung kch ca h thng ni t.

T s ng tr ta c:
Gi Z(x,t) l in trng xung kch ca ni t ko di, n l hm s ca khng
gian v thi gian:
U(x, t)
Z(x, t)
I(x, t)
Trong U(x,t) ; I(x,t) l dng in v in p xc nh t h phng trnh vi phn:

U I
L.
x t
I
G.U
x

'

Gii h phng trnh vi phn trn vi dng sng ca dng in u vo ca h
thng ni t c dng sng xin gc i(o,t) = a.t ta s c in p ti im bt k trn
in cc:
( )
K
t/T
1 2
k 1
1 k. .x
U(x, t) a.R t 2.T 1 e .cos
k l
1
+
1
]
Suy ra tng tr xung kch u vo ca ni t:

( )
k
t /T
1
2
k 1
2.T U(0, t) 1 1
Z(0, t) 1 1 e
I(0, t) G.l t k
1
+
1
]
Trong
2 2
0 0 0 0
1 k ds 2 2 2
L .G .l L .G .l
T , T , t 5 s
k .

1
-H
2
30 Khoa: H Thng in
Thay s:
( )
2
3
2
1 2 2
620
2,145.2, 653.10 .
L.G.l 2
T 55, 41 s
3,14
_

,

Tng tr tin ti tr s n nh khi:

k
t
4
T

<=>
1
2
5
4 k 6, 658
T
k
<>
ly k = 6
k k
t t
2 6
T T
2 2
k 1 k 1
1 1
1 e e
k 6 k

_

,

5 5.4 5.9 5.16 5.25 5.36
2
55,41 55,41 55,41 55,41 55,41 55,41
1 1 1 1 1
1. . . . . .
6 4 9 16 25 36
0, 488

_
+ + + + +

,
e e e e e e
Do tng tr sng u vo s c tnh bng:
(0,t ) 3
1 2.55, 41
Z .(1 .0, 488) 7,184
2, 653.10 .620 5
+
Tng tr sng xung kch Z
xk
=
1
Z(0, t) 3,592
2

iu kin ni t chng st tha mn khi U
xk
= I
S
. Z
xk
< U
50%

Trong , dng in st I
S
= 150kA, v in p 50% ca trm U
50%
= 460kV
Ta c in p xung kch : U
xk
= 3,592. 150 = 538,8kV > U
50%.
Tc l gi tr in tr ni t ny cha t nn ta cn tin hnh tnh ton ni t b
sung
Ni t b sung:
Vic tin hnh ni t b sung nhm m bo cho gi tr in tr ni t t tr s yu
cu v m bo an ton. Chng ta thc hin vic ny bng cch t thm mt in tr
ni t ngay chn ct thu li, chn my bin p. V hnh thc th ni t b sung l loi
ni t tp trung (gm thanh hay thanh v cc).
1
-H
2
31 Khoa: H Thng in
Do vic xc nh Z
bs
l phc tp nn thun tin cho qu trnh tnh ton ta chn hnh
thc ni t b sung nh sau:
- Thanh ni t b sung l thp dt trn c chiu di l 10 m, b rng b = 0,04 m.; dc
theo chiu di thanh c chn ba in cc trn c kch thc: chiu di cc l 2,5 m;
ng knh d = 0,04 m, khong cch gia hai cc l 5 m. Cc v thanh c chn
su 0,8 m.
Ta c trong ni t chng st:
- Vi thanh ngang chn su 0,8 m th h s k
ma
= 1,25.
- Vi cc di 2,5 m chn su 0,8 m th h s k
ma
= 1,15.
Nh vy, in tr ca thanh ni t b xung bng:
T 2 2
tt
T
K.l 1, 25.100 1.10
R .ln ln
0, 04
2. .l t.d 2.3,14.10
0,8.
2
= 17,388
in tr ni t ca cc b sung:

C
tt
C
2l 1 4t ' l 1,15.100 2.2, 5 1 4.2, 05 1
R . ln ln ln ln
2. .l d 2 4t ' l 2 .2, 5 0, 04 2 4.2, 05 1
+ + _ _
+ +

, ,
36,246 .
in tr ni t b sung ca h thng thanh cc c xc nh theo cng thc:
t c
bs
t c C t
R .R
R
R . .n R .
+
trong :
: ,
C T

h s s dng ca thanh v cc.
Vi n = 3; l
cc
= 2,5 m; a = 5 m =>
2
5 , 2
5
l
a

. Tra bng 3 v 5 phn ph lc sch
Hng dn thit k tt nghip k thut in cao p ca Nguyn Minh Chc, ta c
9 , 0
T

;
86 , 0
C

Thay cc gi tr vo cng thc ta tnh c: R
bs

17, 388.36, 246
17, 388.0,86.3 36, 246.0, 9
+
= 8,134 .
1
-H
2
32 Khoa: H Thng in
* Ta tnh tng tr ca h thng khi c ni t b sung:
Ta cng thc tnh ton gi tr tng tr ni t khi c ni t b xung l:
2
d/s k
2
1
X
.
T bs NT(st ) NT(st )
XK d/s
NT(st )
bs NT(st )
2
bs K
R .R 2.R
Z (0; ) .e
R
1 R R
R cos x
_
,
1
1
1
+
+ 1
+
1
]
= A + B
Trong :
A
bs ND
bs ND
R .R 8,134.0, 608
0, 566
R R 8,134 0, 608

+ +
.
2
d/s k
2
1
X
.
T NT(st )
NT(st )
2
bs K
2.R
B .e
R
1
R cos x
_
Xt chui s:
,
_
1 k
T
.
X
1
s / d
2
2
k
e
Ta ch xt n gi tr e
-4
(v t e
-5
tr i c tr s rt nh).
iu ny tng ng vi vic tnh x
k
sao cho:
2
d/s k 1
k 2
1 d/s
x T
. 4 x 2.
T

x
k
> 0
Do c ni t b sung nn ta xt nh hng ca ni t b sung ln in tr xung
kch.
Ta coi mch vng ca h thng l s ghp song song 2 tia c cng di l 614/2
= 307 m v ta c s thay th cho mt tia:
Trong :
- L: in cm tng ng ca mt n v di L = L/2.
- g: in dn tng ng ca mt n v di g = 2.g.
1
-H
2
33 Khoa: H Thng in
Do , ta tnh c:
T
1
' ' 2 2 3 2
2 2 2
L.g .l L.G.l 2,145.2, 653.10 .310
55, 41
3,14

=> x
k

1
xk
T 55, 41
2. . 2.3,14.
5

= 20,916
d/s
= 5s.
Trong :
x
k
l nghim ca phng trnh:
tgx
k
NDMV
k k k k
BS
R 0, 608
x tgx x 0, 075.x
R 8,134

Phng trnh ny tng ng vi h sau:
y = tgx
k
y = - 0,075.x
k
1
-H
2
34 Khoa: H Thng in
Ta dng phng php th (v bng phn mm matlab) gii phng trnh ny:
Ta c cc nghim:
- X
1
= 0,023 rad suy ra cos X
1
=0,999
- X
2
2
= 0,097
- X
3
3
= -0,992
- X
4
4
= -0,373
- X
5
5
= 0,949
- X
6
6
= 0,583
- X
7
7
= -0,892
- X
8
8
= -0,84
1
-H
2
35 Khoa: H Thng in
- X
9
9
= 0,814
Khi k = 10 th x
k
= 21,015 > 20,916 nn ta ch ly 9 nghim nh trn. Sau ta lp
bng tnh cc gi tr ca chui s vi cc x
k
trn.
Ta c T
1
= 55,41
S
=>
ds
1
5
0, 09
T 55, 41

V: R
bx
= 8,134 =>
MV
bx
R 0, 608
0, 075
R 8,134

Ta c bng tnh chui s nh sau:
Bng . Bng tnh cc chui s
K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Xk 0,023 1,473 3,015 4,33 5,962 7,232 8,955 9,997 11,947
CosXk 0,999 0,097 -0,992 -0,373 0,949 0,583 -0,892 -0,84 0,814
k
2
x cos
1
1,002 106,281 1,016 7,187 1,11 2,942 1,257 1,417 1,509
k
2
BS
MV
x cos
1
R
R
+
1,077 106,356 1,091 7,262 1,185 3,017 1,332 1,492 1,584
1
ds
T
0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09

2
ds k
1
x
.
T
_

,
0,09 0,31 1,011 1,989 3,691 5,389 8,215 10,216 14,552

Ta c:
,
_
1
s / d
2
2
k
T
.
X
k
2
bx
) st ( NT
) st ( NT
k
e .
x cos
1
R
R
R . 2
B
T bng trn ta c:

9
1 i
k
B B
= 1,496
Do , tng tr xung kch:
1
-H
2
36 Khoa: H Thng in
Z
xk
= A + B

= 1,496 + 0,566 = 2,062
Vy in p khi c dng in st i vo h thng ti thi im t = ds
l:
U = Z
xk
.I
S
= 2,062.150 = 309,3 kV < U
50%MBA
=460kV.Nh vy h thng c ni t
b xung nh trn l tha mn.
1
-H
2
37 Khoa: H Thng in

THAMKHAO - VN 1980 Bai Tap Dai Mon Ky Thuat Dien Cao AP

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THAMKHAO - VN 1980 Bai Tap Dai Mon Ky Thuat Dien Cao AP

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BI TP DI MN KT CAO P GVHD:Th.

S Trn Hong Hip

= a x ( trong x l bn knh bo v ca ct cao h

Trong L l chu vi mch vng L=2.(l

SVTH:Nguyn Tin Hng Lp:

*)Tnh tng tr xung kch ca h thng ni t.

Trong U(x,t) ; I(x,t) l dng in v in p xc nh t h phng trnh vi phn:

Suy ra tng tr xung kch u vo ca ni t:

Tng tr tin ti tr s n nh khi:

0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09 0,09

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