Customer Information Control System (CICS) - Introduction

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RAMESH KRISHNA REDDY

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CICS TUTORIAL / STUDY MATERIAL

CHAPTER - 1 Introduction to CICS

INTRODUCTION

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Customer Information Control System ( CICS ) is introduced by IBM in 1960s to support online programming on Mainframes. CICS acts like a sub-operating system, it manages its own memory space, control the concurrent execution of multiple applications. CICS is it self is a batch job running on Mainframe to enable application programes to respond to online requests. You can see the CICS job running on mainframe, by checking in the spool.System operators daily run this CICS job. We can observe multiple instances of CICS jobs are running on mainframe. We call each CICS instance as CICS region.

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Customer Information Control System (CICS) - Introduction

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As depicted in above picture, CICS is a high priority batch job running on mainframe Operating System (OS) along with other batch jobs. CICS acts as a interface between OS and Online Application programs. Online programs get triggered by the user by entering a peace of data on terminals. Online programs need to be designed in such way that these programs respond to user instantly with required data. Online Reservation Systems showed in the picture allows users to enter train no,date. When user enters required data and press F1,this data will be passed to CICS on Mainframes. CICS then trigger corresponding online progam ( Online program1 in the picture) send back the data to user. This process is called Transaction. In CICS, every transaction type is defined by 1 to 4 character word called TRANSACTION ID. One program is attached to this TRANSACTION ID. We define this mapping in CICS Table called PCT (Program Control Table).

Batch VS Online Programming Batch COBOL programs executed OS by submitting jcl to operating system, this process is called batch processing. COBOL programs ( which contains CICS commands ) get executed by CICS, this process is called Online processing.

Batch jobs may run for hours, once job is completed, it will end. Whereas in online programming, program is normally written to respond within secs. Sample CICS command

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Customer Information Control System (CICS) - Introduction

http://www.mainframegurukul.com/tutorials/programming/cics/introduct...

If you know how to write batch COBOL program, by reading this tutorial,you will learn , how to write online-COBOL programs. CICS Program format

IDENTIFICATION DIVISION. PROGRAM-ID. XXXX. ENVIRONMENT DIVISION. DATA DIVISION. WORKING-STORAGE DIVISION. ... ... ... LINKAGE SECTION. ... ... PROCEDURE DIVISIO ... MOVE... .... EXEC CICS RECEIVE .... ... END-EXEC. ... ... EXEC CICS READ ... ... ... END-EXEC. ... ...

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Customer Information Control System (CICS) - Introduction

http://www.mainframegurukul.com/tutorials/programming/cics/introduct...

EXEC CICS RETURN END-EXEC. ... ... GOBACK.

In above sample CICS program, you can see there are few CICS commands coded in COBOL program. RECEIVE command is used to receive data from terminal, READ command is used to read the data from VSAM file. RETURN command is used to return the control back to calling program or to CICS itself. If you observe in this sample program, CICS commands are used to talk with external world like terminals, files, databases, storage control. Actual logic of the program is written using normal COBOL Verbs. We dont use some COBOL Verbs in CICS programs for example.. OPEN,READ,WRITE,REWRITE,CLOSE. Instead we use CICS commands like CICS READ,WRITE etc..

NEXT CHAPTER TOPIC : CICS Concepts

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