Formulas for FWA and DWA

With the Fresh Water Allowance and the Dock Water Allowance we want to search for the change of draught. In case of the Fresh Water Allowance the change of draught for going from fresh to salt water. The Dock Water Allowance is then the change of draught for going from dock to salt water. We assume that the Waterplane Area does not change for small changes of draught. For the following formula I use these symbols: d = draught = mass of displaced water = density A w =Waterplane Area L = length B = beam The draught of a rectangular box shaped vessel in water is: d= B L If we want to calculate the change of draught for going into water of different densitys for the rectangular box shaped vessel we can write the following: 1 2 d 1 d 2= 1 B 1 L1 2 B 2 L 2 With this formula we can do 2 things: If we go form one density into the other, we know our draught from the first situation and we require a draught of d2 in the second situation, we can calculate the required displacement of water in the second situation. If we only want to know the change of draught for the 2 different situations the displacement of situation 1 is the same like the one of situation 2. Therefore we can write: 21 d 1 d 2= ; for =constant 12 L B

Formula DWA and FWA Sebastian Diener (s.diessner@web.de)

This is also the same for a ship if we assume the change of the waterplane area is slight or there is no change of the waterplane area between the two different situations. So usually the change of displacements or draughts should not be to big so that we can assume the waterplane area stays the same between the two situations. If we assume the waterplane area of a ship stays nearby the same between the two situations we can write: d 1 d 2= or d 1 d 2= 21 12 A w ; for = constant . 1 1 A w 2 2 A w

For calculating the fresh water allowance we want to calculate the difference between d1 and d2 for going from fresh to salt water. So we want to calculate how much the vessel will sink for going from salt to fresh water. Inserting this into our formula we can write for the FWA: t t ]1.000 [ 3 ] 3 m m t t FWA = ; for 1=1.000 3 2=1.025 3 ; t t m m 1.025 [ 3 ]1.000 [ 3 ] A w m m to see a relation between this formula and the one of some books you can write this formula in the following way: FWA [ m ]= ; t 4 01.025 [ 3 ] A w m 1.025 [ the numerator of the first formula is in this case 0.025 t/ m * or you can write it as: 1 t [ ] . In books this formula calculates the FWA often in the unit mm and not in m. 40 m 3 Therefore you can say: 100 FWA [ mm ]= or FWA [ mm ]= . t 41.025 [ 3 ] A w 4TPC SaltWater m

Formula DWA and FWA Sebastian Diener (s.diessner@web.de)

When we are calculating the dockwater allowance we calculate the difference between the draughts for the ship going from dock to salt water. Using this formula, 21 d 1 d 2= ; for = constant we insert the densitys for dock water and salt water and 12 A w get this formula: t 1.025 [ 3 ]dw m DWA [ m ]= t 1.025 [ 3 ]dw A w m In some books we have the following formula for calculating the DWA which is wrong in my opinion: t ]dw m3 DWA = FWA 0.025 Insert the formula for FWA and you get this: t 1.025 [ 3 ]dw m DWA [ m ]= t 1.025 [ 3 ] A w m The mistake is that the multiplikation of the density for dock water is missing in the denominator. If you have a closer look at the formula for the DWA of the books you will realize that it is a ratio of the FWA. 1.025 [ However calculating a ratio of something works only correct with proportional functions like f(x)= x. The function DWA is not a proportional function of the density of dockwater so it is incorrect to calculate the DWA as a ratio of the FWA. To illustrate the difference between both functions you can take a look at the table on the following page.

Formula DWA and FWA Sebastian Diener (s.diessner@web.de)

Density DW [t/m] DWA Ratio [mm] DWA Correct [mm] Difference DWA [mm] FWA [mm] 1,000 250,000 250,000 0 250 1,001 240,000 239,760 0,24 1,002 230,000 229,541 0,46 1,003 220,000 219,342 0,66 1,004 210,000 209,163 0,84 1,005 200,000 199,005 1 1,006 190,000 188,867 1,13 1,007 180,000 178,749 1,25 1,008 170,000 168,651 1,35 1,009 160,000 158,573 1,43 1,010 150,000 148,515 1,49 1,011 140,000 138,477 1,52 1,012 130,000 128,458 1,54 1,013 120,000 118,460 1,54 1,014 110,000 108,481 1,52 1,015 100,000 98,522 1,48 1,016 90,000 88,583 1,42 1,017 80,000 78,663 1,34 1,018 70,000 68,762 1,24 1,019 60,000 58,881 1,12 1,020 50,000 49,020 0,98 1,021 40,000 39,177 0,82 1,022 30,000 29,354 0,65 1,023 20,000 19,550 0,45 1,024 10,000 9,766 0,23 1,025 0,000 0,000 0

Formula DWA and FWA Sebastian Diener (s.diessner@web.de)