WINGWALL DESIGN

SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS:H = the height of the wall (from top of the wall to bottom of the footing) B = length of footing H o = the height of the wall (from top of the wall to top of the footing) h n = the height of nib h = the height of fill on the toe L toe = length of toe L heel = length of heel T footing = thickness of footing T top = thickness of wall at top T bottom = w = g = pa = thickness of wall at bottom surcharge unit weight of the backfill material active earth pressure coefficient

p p = passive earth pressure coefficient P a = active force per unit length of wall at bottom of wall Pp = f = f= s = r = gf = e= DATA:Ho 2.50 h 0.00
Eurocode2 Clause 4.4

passive force per unit length of wall at bottom of wall internal friction angle of the soil sample friction coefficient bearing capacity unit weight of concrete patial safety factor eccentricity

B 2.50 h nib 0.00

H 3.00

L toe 0.50

L heel 1.70 f 0.57 fy 410

T footing 0.50

T top 0.30

T bottom 0.30 ka 0.330

w
10.00 cover 0.05

g
18.00 f cu 25

s
100.00 f yv 250

f
26.34

kp 3.00

r
25.00

1) Calculate Total Horizontal Force

Part 1 (Surcharge) P 1 = k a w H = Part 2 P 2 (Earth Pressure) = 0.5k a g H 2 = 2) Calculate Vertical Loads Surcharge Wall Nib Footing W s = w L heel W w =0.5(T top + T bottom )H o r W n =(T bottom * h nib * r) W f = T footing B r

9.90 kN 26.73 kN

17.00 kN 18.75 kN 0.00 31.25 kN

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C

Soil cover at toe Soil cover at heel

W t = g L toe (h-T footing ) W h = g L heel (H-T footing ) Total

0.00 kN 76.50 kN 143.50 kN

The maximum possible friction force at bottom of footing F = fN total = 3) Check Sliding Total lateral active force(including surcharge) g f (earth) = g f (sur) = 1.1

64.8945 kN

1.5 44.25 kN

g f(sur) * P 1 + g f(earth) * P 2 =
Total maximum possible sliding resistant capacity 2 Passive P 3 = 0.5k p g h nib = Passive + friction = Sliding safety factor =

0 kN 64.8945 kN 1.47 < 1.5 FAILS

4) Check Overturning Take point A as the reference point Resistant moment g f (permanent loads) = g f (variable load) = 0.9 W s *(L heel /2 + T bottom + L toe )* g f(vari. Load) Surcharge Soil cover at heel Wall Nib Soil cover at toe Footing W h *(L heel /2 + T bottom + L toe )* g f(per. Loads) W w *(T bottom /2 + L toe )* g f(per. Load) W n *(T bottom /2 + L toe )* g f(per. Load) W t *( L toe /2)* g f(per. Load) W f *B/2* g f(per. Load) Total Overturning moment g f (earth) = 1.1

0 0.00 kN.m 113.60 kN.m 10.97 kN.m 0.00 kN.m 0.00 kN.m 35.16 kN.m 159.73 kN.m

g f (sur) =

1.5 51.678 kN.m 3.09 > 1.5 OK

P 1 * (H/2) * g f(sur) + P 2 * (H/3) * g f(earth) = Overturning safety factor = 5) Check Bearing Vertical Loads g f(sur.) = 0.0 Surcharge Wall Nib Footing Soil cover at toe Soil cover at heel Total vertical load N total =

g f(per.) = 1.0
W s = g f(sur.) * w *L heel W w = g f(per.) *0.5*(T top +T bottom )*H o * r W n = g f(per.) *T bottom *h nib * r W f = g f(per.) *T footing *B* r W t = g f(per.) * g *L toe *(h-T footing ) W h = g f(per.) * g *L heel (H-T footing ) Total

g f(per.) = 1.00
0.00 kN 18.75 kN 0.00 kN 31.25 kN 0.00 kN 76.50 kN 126.50 kN 126.50 kN

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C

Total moment about center line of footing: * Clockwise Soil cover @heel W h *(B/2-L heel /2 ) 30.60 kN.m 30.60 kN.m *Counterclockwise 1.35 Wall Nib

g f(per.) =

g f(sur.) =

1.50 W w *(B/2 - L toe - T bottom /2) W n *(B/2 - L toe - T bottom /2)

11.25 kN.m 0.00 0.00 kN.m 22.28 kN 36.09 kN Total 69.61 kN.m

W t *( B/2 - L toe /2) Soil cover @ toe 2 Part 1 (Surcharge) P 1 = g f(sur.) *k a * w *.5*H = 3 Part 2 P 2 = g f(per.) *0.5*k a * g *(1/3)*H =

Total moment at bottom of footing M total 39.01 kN.m (counterclockwise)

Maximum bearing stress

s = N total /A +- M total /S
e = M total /N total = where A=B*1 S = 1.0 * B^2 / 6 Therefore: 0.308383 < 0.416667 Eccentricity OK 2.5 m 3 1.04 m
2 88.05 kN/m 2 13.15 kN/m 2 88.05 kN/m 2 13.15 kN/m 2

s1 =
and

< >

100.00 0

kN/m 2 kN/m 2 OK

s2 = s1 s2 s3 s4
= = = =

73.07 kN/m 2 64.08 kN/m

BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE: 1) WALL:Shear force 2 P = g f *0.5*k a * g *H o + g f * w *k a *H o = Bending moment 2 M= g f *0.5*k a * g *H o *(T footing /2+H o /3)+ g f * w *k a *H o *(T footing /2+H o /2) M= 37.43 kN

45.71 kN.m

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C

2) BASE:Heel:Shear force P = g f *W f + g f *W h - g f * s 2 *L heel - g f *0.5*( s 4 - s 2 )*L heel = P= Bending moment

39.54 kN

M = g f *W f *(L heel /2+T bottom /2) + g f *W h *(L heel /2+T bottom /2) g f * s 2 *L heel *(L heel /2+T bottom /2) - g f *0.5*( s 4 - s 2 )*L heel *(L heel /3+T bottom /2) = M= 51.81 kN.m

Toe:Shear force P = - g f *W f - g f *W t + g f * s 3 *L toe + g f *0.5*( s 1 - s 3 )*L toe = P= Bending moment

31.84 kN

M = - g f *W f *(L toe /2+T bottom /2) - g f *W h *(L toe /2+T bottom /2) + g f * s 3 *L toe *(L toe /2+T bottom /2) + g f *0.5*( s 1 - s 3 )*L toe *(2*L toe /3+T bottom /2) = M= DESIGN OF WALL:BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :Clause 3.4.4.4 Table 3.14 M WALL 45.71 Spacing 175.0 bar f 20 Prov. A s 1795 effec.d 240 K 0.032 z 228.000 As 514.72 Min. A s 360.0 Reqd. A s 514.7 14.40 kN.m

Clause SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT :1/4 Vd min A s 100A s /b v d (400/d) (f cu /25) 1/3 vc 3.5.5.2 v 3.5.5.3 37.43 0.156 514.72 0.214 1.136 1.00 0.430 Table 3.16 No shear reinforcement is required. 0.5v c v c + 0.4 0.8*sqrt(f cu ) v A sv /s v A sv /s v 0.215 0.156 0.830 4.00 0.000 0.000 Links Nominal Links bar f A sv sv A sv /s v legs 0 12 113.112 250.00 0.00

Clause DEFLECTION: 3.4.6.3 Basic span/effective depth ratio = M WALL fs Table 3.9 M/bd Table 3.10 45.71 0.79 273.3 CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 720 175.0 Crack OK

M.F 1.55

12 Allow. span/d ratio 18.626

Actual span/d ratio 10.42 Deflection OK

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C

DESIGN OF HEEL:Clause BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :bar f M HEEL 3.4.4.4 effec.d K Table 3.14 51.81 16 442 0.011 Spacing 225.0 Prov. A s 894

z 419.900

As 345.89

Min. A s Reqd. A s 663.0 663.0

Clause SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT:1/4 1/3 Vd min A s 100A s /b v d (400/d) (f cu /25) vc 3.5.5.2 v 3.5.5.3 39.54 0.089 663.00 0.150 1.000 1.00 0.336 Table 3.16 No shear reinforcement is required. 0.5v c v c + 0.4 0.8*sqrt(f cu ) v A sv /s v A sv /s v 0.168 0.089 0.736 4.00 0.000 0.000 Links Nominal Links bar f A sv sv A sv /s v legs 0 12 113.112 250.00 0.00 Clause 3.4.6.3 Basic span/effective depth ratio = 12 M HEEL fs Table 3.9 M/bd M.F Allow. span/d ratio Actual span/d ratio Table 3.10 51.81 0.27 273.3333 2.01 24.079 5.66 Deflection OK CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 1326 225.0 Crack OK DESIGN OF TOE:Clause BENDING MOMENT REINFORCEMENT :bar f M TOE 3.4.4.4 effec.d K Table 3.14 14.40 20 440 0.003 Spacing 150.0 Prov. A s 2094

z 418.000

As 96.57

Min. A s Reqd. A s 660.0 660.0

Clause SHEAR FORCE REINFORCEMENT:1/4 Vd min A s 100A s /b v d (400/d) (f cu /25) 1/3 vc 3.5.5.2 v 3.5.5.3 31.84 0.072 660.00 0.150 1.000 1.00 0.336 Table 3.16 No shear reinforcement is required. 0.5v c v c + 0.4 0.8*sqrt(f cu ) v A sv /s v A sv /s v 0.168 0.072 0.736 4.00 0.000 0.000 Links Nominal Links bar f A sv sv A sv /s v legs 0 12 113.112 250.00 0.00 Clause 3.4.6.3 Basic span/effective depth ratio = 12 M TOE fs Table 3.9 M/bd M.F Allow. span/d ratio Actual span/d ratio Table 3.10 14.40 0.07 273.3333 2.29 27.502 5.68 Deflection OK CRACKING: Clause 3d spacing 3.12.11.2.7 1320 150.0 Crack OK

DESIGNED BY ULASI IFEANYI, C