AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP WITH MORNING ALARM

A MINIPROJECT REPORT

Submitted by R.RAMYA M.SUGANYA

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

K.L.N COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, POTTAPALAYAM

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

MAY 2013

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
Certified that this miniproject report AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP WITH MORNING ALARM is the bonafide work of R.RAMYA (105904133084) and M.SUGANYA (105904133105) who carried out the miniproject work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE

SIGNATURE

V.KEJALAKSHMI M.E.;
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

S.R.NARESH M.E.,
SUPERVISOR

Professor & head

Electronics and communication engineering K.L.N college of engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai-630611

Associate professor1
Electronics and communication engineering K.L.N college of engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai-630611

Submitted for Viva-Voce held on: _________________________

Internal examiner
ii

External Examiner

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, whose constant guidance and encouragement crowned our efforts with success. We extend our gratitude to the founder, Mr.K.L.N. KRISHNAN, K.L.N College of engineering for making us march towards the glory of success. We express our sincere thanks to our beloved management and principal Dr.A.V.RAMPRASAD, M.E., (microwave & optical engg.), PhD, for all the facilities offered. Our profound and sincere thanks to our Head of the department Mrs.V.Kejalakshmi, M.E., whose support was inevitable during the entire period. We are grateful to our project guide Mr. S.R.NARESH M.E., for providing invaluable guidance. And finally, we extend our sincere thanks to the teaching and non teaching staff, our family, friends and well wishers for their love, concern and moral support that helped us in completing this work successfully.

iii

DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the miniproject work entitled AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP WITH MORNING ALARM is an original work done by us, under the supervision of Mr. S.R.NARESH M.E, Associate professor1,Electronics and communication engineering, K.L.N college of engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai-630611, and this work has not been submitted elsewhere for any degree, diploma etc.

R.RAMYA 105904133084

M.SUGANYA 105904133105

iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO.

TITLE

PAGE NO.

ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF ABBREVATION

viii ix x xi

1.

INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

1 1 1

2.

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

2 2

2.1 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM 2.2 DESCRIPTION 2.3 COMPONENTS REQUIRED

2 3

3.

COMPONENT DETAILS

3.1 555 TIMERS

3.2 UM 66 3.3 IC 7806 3.4 ZENER DIODE 3.5 BC548 3.6 RESISTORS 3.7 CAPACITORS 3.8 TRANSFORMER 3.9 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE 3.10 LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR 3.11 SPEAKERS 3.12 DIODES

6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10

11 12

4.

COMPONENTS OPERATIONS

13

4.1 555 TIMERS

13

vi

4.2 UM 66 AS MELODY GENERATOR 4.3 IC 7806 4.4 BC548 AS SWITCH

14

15 15

5.

PROPOSED WORK

16

5.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 5.2 CIRCUIT EXPLANATION

16 17

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

ADVANTAGES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION REFERENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY

19 20 21 22 23

vii

ABSTRACT

Automatic Night Lamp with Morning Alarm System is a simple yet powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch. By using this system manual works are removed to a great extent. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights whenever the sunlight comes, visible to our eyes and activates the morning alarm. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because nowadays the manually operated street lights are not switched off even the sunlight comes and also switched on earlier before sunset. In this project, no need of manual operation like ON time and OFF time setting. LDR and transistor are the main components of the project. The resistance of light dependant resistor (LDR) varies according to the light falling on it. This LDR is connected as biasing resistor of the transistor. According to the light falls on the LDR, the transistor is operated in saturation and cut off region. This transistor switches the relay to switch on / off the light. This project uses regulated 12V, 750mA power supply. 7806 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/18V step down transformer.
viii

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO.

TITLE

PAGE NO.

2.1

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

ix

LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NO.

DESCRIPTION

PAGE NO.

2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 4.1 4.2 5.1

Functional block diagram 555 Timer Pin diagram of 555 Timer UM 66 IC 7806 Zener diode BC548 Resistors Capacitors Transformers LED LDR Speakers Diodes 555 IC monostable multivibrator operations. Transistor as switch Circuit diagram

LIST OF ABBREVATIONS

SYMBOL

SYMBOL DESCRIPTION

DIP LDR LED

Dual-in-package Light dependent resistor Light emitting diode

xi