How To create a Physical Standby database in ORACLE 9i

By : RAHUL GUPTA
Client Site : LG Electronics, Greater Noida
Company : Path InfoTech Limited

Step 1 : Parameter that needed to be entered in the init<SID>.ora of the primary database

log_archive_dest_1 = 'LOCATION=/ms11/arch/m3 MANDATORY'

log_archive_dest_state_1 = 'enable'

log_archive_start = true

log_archive_dest_2 = 'SERVICE=STANDBY','ARCH SYNC NOAFFIRM delay=0 OPTIONAL max_failure=0

reopen=60 register’
OR ( You can put the whole tns entry of STANDBY database)

log_archive_dest_2 = 'service="(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.20.180)(PORT=1530)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=m3)(SERVER=DEDIC
ATED)))"','ARCH SYNC NOAFFIRM delay=0 OPTIONAL max_failure=0 reopen=60 register '

standby_file_management=auto

#*.archive_lag_target = 1800 (You can use this parameter for the automatic switching of archive log in primary. Its value differ from
0-7200 seconds)

log_archive_dest_state_2='enable'

#log_archive_dest=/home/oracle/proddata/arch (Comment this parameter on you primary database)

Step 2 : Enter the tns of standby database in the tnsnames.ora of primary

STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.180)(PORT = 1530))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD)
)
)

Step 3 : Parameter that needed to be entered in the init<SID>.ora of the standby database
fal_client = 'PROD_stdby'

fal_server = 'PROD_prim'

standby_file_management = AUTO

control_files=/home/users/PROD/m3stndby.ctl

standby_archive_dest = '/ms11/archm3/m3'
log_archive_dest = /ms11/archm3/m3

log_archive_start = true

db_file_name_convert = ('/u06/','/u06e/','/u07/','/u07e/') -> Use this if your directory

structure of standby database is different from that of primary database

log_file_name_convert = ('/u06/','/u06e/','/u07/','/u07e/')-> Use this if your directory

structure of standby database is different from that of primary database

Step 4 :

(a). Enter the following in tnsnames.ora of Standby

PROD_prim =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.245)(PORT = 1523))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD)
)
)

PROD_stdby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.180)(PORT = 1530))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = PROD)
)
)

(b). Enter the following in listner.ora of Standby

PROD_stdby =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.20.180)(PORT = 1530))
)

SID_LIST_PROD_stdby =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = PROD)
(ORACLE_HOME = /ms10/oracle/9.2.0)
(SID_NAME = PROD )
)
)

Step 5 :

(a) . Switch one archive on the primary

alter system switch logfile;

(b). Now take the tablespace of primary in backup mode [ If you want to create the database using hot backup ]

select ' alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' begin backup ;' from dba_tablespaces
where CONTENTS <> 'TEMPORARY';
 alter tablespace esvc begin backup ;
alter tablespace samora begin backup;

. . . . . .. . .
. . . .. . . . . .

Run the commands given the above query . It’ll bring all the tablespace in backup mode .
Now before copying the files to the standby database . Check whether all files are in
mode or not .

select status,count(*) from v$backup group by status;

STATUS COUNT(*)
----------------- ----------
ACTIVE 29

(c) . Now copy all the files from production database to standby database

(d) Now take the tablespace out of begin backup mode ..

select ' alter tablespace '||tablespace_name||' end backup ;' from dba_tablespaces
where CONTENTS <> 'TEMPORARY';

alter tablespace esvc end backup ;

alter tablespace samora end backup;
. . .... ....…
. . .... ....…

Run the commands given by the above query . It’ll take all the tablespace out of backup mode . Now check , whether all the files
are out of backup mode or not .

select status,count(*) from v$backup group by status;

STATUS COUNT(*)
----------------- ----------
NOT ACTIVE 29

(d) Once all the files from primary are copied to standby . Then create the standby controlfile as given below :

alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/users/PROD/m3stndby.ctl';

Then , copy this file to the location that you have mentioned in your Standby init.ora

Step 6: Now up the Standby database as follows

(a ) . Up the standby database in nomount state ..

startup nomount pfile=’u01/file/initPROD.ora’

(b) Mount the standby database

alter database mount standby database ;

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note : Now , your standby database is in mount state . And for the standby to
Be in automatic recovery mode . You need to restart your PRIMARY database . So
That the changes that you’ve made in the initPROD.ora of primary will come into
Efftect .
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(c)
C.1 # If you have restarted your primary database . Then take the standby database in managed recover mode

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session ;

C.2 # If you havn’t restarted your primary database . Then manually transfer the archive from primary
to archive location of standby database . And run the command given below .

recover standby database;

Here , choose the “AUTO” option . It’ll apply all the archives .

===========================================================================

Note 1 : Creating standby database on the same server as that of primary

In this case a parameter “LOCK_NAME_SPACE” need to be used . If the standby database resides on the same file
system as the primary database, set LOCK_NAME_SPACE in the standby initialization parameter file to a distinct value
such as the following:

LOCK_NAME_SPACE = standby

And put the parameter “instance_name” in init.ora of Primary and Standby , giving suitable
value

Note 2 : How to check the max archive log number that has been applied to the standby ..

select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log where applied=’YES’

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@ Thanks for reading this doc. Any suggestion on this or any changes ( or more information that you want to add in this doc )
will be highly appreciated and welcomed . You can mail that to me on my id ecengineer84@gmail.com