RWDI Oculi Study

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study
Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597
Museum Tower
Dallas, Texas
Concept Feasibility Study Reconfigured Oculus

RWDI # 1200597 April 19th, 2013 SUBMITTED TO
Museum Tower LP
SUBMITTED BY
Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc. 650 Woodlawn Road West Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1K 1B8 519.823.1311 Joel Good, M.A.Sc., P.Eng. Specialist Building Performance joel.good@rwdi.com Ray Sinclair, Ph.D. Project Director - Principal Ray.sinclair@rwdi.com Derek R. Kelly, M.Eng, P.Eng. Project Manager - Principal derek.kelly@rwdi.com
This document is intended for the sole use of the party to whom it is addressed and may contain information that is privileged and/or confidential. If you have received this in error, please notify us immediately. RWDI name and logo are registered trademarks in Canada and the United States of America
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Table of Contents
page Introduction Oculus Geometries Test Methodology Simulations Simulation Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 6 8 11 13 24 30
Study of Dallas Sky Cover
Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views
Summary .
.
. .
.
. .
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. . .
35
39 40 42
Appendix A Occuli Walkability Light Spot .
Appendix B Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected Appendix C Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi pre (without) Museum Tower. Appendix D Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi with Museum Tower (current scenario)
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Introduction Overview:
The Museum Tower (MT) is a 43-story structure currently under construction in the arts district of Dallas, Texas. The western glass faade has been observed to intermittently reflect afternoon sunlight onto the Nasher Sculpture Center (NSC), located south of the tower.
The Museum Tower design team have explored a number of mitigation measures to eliminate the reflections penetrating the NSC, including modifications to the Museum Tower itself, alterations to the Nasher Sculpture Center, and intercepting structures in the space between.
Renderings of the Museum Tower in Dallas, TX (courtesy of Johnson Fain)
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Introduction
Reflected Light Issue:

Reflections occur on the NSC rooftop for all days of the year.
The reflections begin around 2:00 pm and continue to near sunset. No reflections occur before this time. The reflections are scattered and intermittent (see image to right) moving from the east to west ends of the NSC. At any one time no more than 15% of the roofs oculi are in reflection. The Dallas sky is generally clear, as the mean sky cover throughout the year is approximately 35%.
Photo of NSC Rooftop in Reflection (July 12th, approx. 4pm)
Photo of Reflections inside NSC (May 16, 2012, 3:40pm)

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Introduction
Concept Feasibility Study:

RWDI has performed computer modeling to better understand the characteristics of these reflections and test potential mitigation strategies. This report outlines the concept feasibility testing of one such mitigation strategy to eliminate tower reflections from penetrating the NSC galleries: a reconfigured design of the shading oculi on the NSC rooftop.
Results from Previous Reflection Studies: Reflecting Glazing Units on MT Western Facade (left) and Reflection Range for Oct 4th from 12:00 to 17:00 (30 min intervals)
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Oculus Geometries
Existing NSC Oculus

current condition existing oculus is designed to block direct sunlight from all sun angles facing north, the oculus allows reflected light from the Museum Tower to penetrate into the galleries below
Photos of existing oculi arrays on NSC Rooftop
Existing oculus in plan (t-l), isometric (t-r), front (b-l) and side (b-r) views
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Oculus Geometries
Projected cone of vision from sample oculus
Museum Tower in plan view
Reconfigured Oculus (new concept)

rotated 45 degrees west of north, extension designed to block direct light from MT and direct sunlight for all NSC rooftop locations
Sun path NSC rooftop in plan view
Oculi Projection Defines Edge of Reconfigured Extension
120 mm (4.7)
120 mm (4.7)
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Reconfigured oculus in plan (t-l), isometric (t-r), front (b-l) and side (b-r) views
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Test Methodology
Museum Tower model:

RWDI has created a computer model of the MT using Autodesk Ecotect based on a 3d Revit model provided by the MT design team. Ecotect is a a powerful building modeling software used for solar analysis and reflection studies. Ecotect uses the powerful ray-tracing engine of Radiance to model the characteristics of sunlight over complex geometries. The simulations use the CIE sky models (clear and overcast conditions) which consider solar position based on the simulation date and time.
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Model Renderings of the Museum Tower (Revit top left, Ecotect top right) and Site Plan (bottom)
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Test Methodology
NSC & Rooftop Oculi:

Museum Tower
NSC Rooftop (center bay)
The rooftop of the NSC was added to the model based on design drawings provided by the NSC design team. Not practical during the initial concept development to model daylighting over entire NSC roof which is covered with thousands of oculi. A simplified model of a single open oculus was used to assess the performance of the reconfigured oculi compared to the original design. The test oculus was surrounded by five oculi to capture light potentially reflected from the outer shell of the adjacent oculi.
Surrounding oculi (closed) and rooftop included for reflection
Test oculus (open to below to admit light)
Ecotect Renderings of NSC Rooftop and Test Oculus
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Test Methodology
Description of Collection Grid:

A collection grid was placed under the test oculus
Collection grid is fine enough to detect potential for direct light penetrations, if any, and large enough to detect all diffuse light passing through the test oculus Light levels were calculated for each grid point. Appendix A - illustrates the model prediction of the size and intensity of the reflected light spot problem. Also presented is a comparison of a medium and fine refinement of the collection grid. The results presented support the use of the medium resolution grid.
Reconfigured oculi rotated 45 west of north
Roof section removed to show light receptor grid
Light receptor grid (4.7x4.7, 1 below oculi)
Ecotect Renderings of Test Oculus and Grid
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Simulations Predicted illuminance levels for a single oculus on a light receptor grid were calculated for a number of test cases:
Oculus scenarios: existing without Museum Tower existing with Musem Tower reconfigured with Museum Tower summer solstice - June 21st (10am, 12pm, 2pm, 4pm, 6pm) spring/Fall equinox Mar 21st (3pm & 10am, 12pm, 2pm, 4pm, 6pm) winter solstice - December 21st (2:30pm & 10am, 12pm, 4pm)
Times of year:
Sky conditions:
sunny, in direct reflection (i.e. reflection from MT falls directly on test oculus)
sunny, not in direct reflection from MT overcast (diffuse light only)
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Simulations Presentation of results:

Peak illuminance level (lux) recorded on light receptor grid (lux = lumen / m2). Total luminous flux (lumens) over entire grid area, hereafter referred to as total light.
Light receptor grid (4.7x4.7, 1 below oculi) 300 lux Sample oculi (wireframe) included for locational reference
Peak illuminance value on grid
Notes:
The predicted illuminance level shown for each grid cell (colored rectangular patch) is calculated as the average lux level based on the values of the four corner points of the cell. Therefore, the results show smoothed values over each grid cell and cannot resolve peaks within a cell. This methodology is valid for comparing one scenario to another.
Fisheye view inside test box, above grid
Underside of oculi
Daylight falling on grid
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Results
Unobstructed Rooftop Illuminance Levels above Ocular Roof

Predicted rooftop illuminance levels above the ocular roof without obstruction or shading. These light levels can be compared to the light levels predicted to transmit through the test oculus, as presented in the computer model results in the following slides.
March 21st Clear Sky (lux) 10:00 am 12:00 pm 2:00 pm 4:00 pm 6:00 pm 55,100 71,400 66,900 42,300 6,000 Overcast Sky (lux) 11,600 14,700 13,800 9,300 3,000
June 21st Clear Sky (lux) 70,000 89,000 80,900 57,000 21,000 Overcast Sky (lux) 15,000 17,000 16,400 12,000 6,000
December 21st Clear Sky (lux) 31,200 45,300 39,300 14,200 n/a Overcast Sky (lux) 7,400 9,900 8,800 4,400 n/a
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Results Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus
June 21st 4:00pm

Clear sky, sunny, in reflection
Existing Oculus (without MT)
235 lux
Peak = 235 lux

Total light = 40 lumens
Existing Oculus
Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)
19,340 lux
(with MT reflection) shows problem light spot!
Peak = 19,340 lux (direct reflection)

Total light = 153 lumens Reconfigured Oculus Peak = 430 lux Total light = 84 lumens Percentage of existing (w/o MT) = 210%
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Reconfigured Oculus
430 lux
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June 21st 4:00pm

Clear sky, sunny, not in reflection
235 lux 235 lux
Peak = 235 lux

255 lux
Peak = 255 lux

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Reconfigured Oculus
345 lux
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June 21st 4:00pm

Cloudy overcast sky
185 lux
Peak = 185 lux

155 lux
Peak = 155 lux

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Reconfigured Oculus
130 lux
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Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

200 lux
Peak = 200 lux

Existing Oculus
18,300 lux
(with MT reflection) shows problem light spot!

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Reconfigured Oculus
350 lux
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Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

200 lux
Peak = 200 lux

190 lux
Peak = 190 lux

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Reconfigured Oculus
310 lux
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Mar/Sep 21st 3:00pm

Cloudy overcast sky
210 lux
Peak = 210 lux

200 lux
Peak = 200 lux

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Reconfigured Oculus
110 lux
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Dec 21st 2:30pm

100 lux
Peak = 100 lux

Total light = 14 lumens Existing Oculus (with MT reflection)
10,500 lux
Existing Oculus (with MT reflection) shows problem light spot!

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Reconfigured Oculus
190 lux
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Dec 21st 2:30pm

100 lux
Peak = 100 lux

80 lux
Peak = 80 lux
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Reconfigured Oculus
170 lux
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Dec 21st 2:30pm

Cloudy overcast sky
115 lux
Peak = 115 lux

100 lux
Peak = 100 lux

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Reconfigured Oculus
60 lux
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Results Predicted diurnal transmitted light levels through a single oculus Reconfigured vs. Existing (pre Museum Tower)
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Study of Dallas Sky Conditions Question?

How often are outdoor light conditions beneficial for the illumination of the NSC galleries with the reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing oculus?
Approach to answer?
Analyze recorded meteorological data to determine the percentage of hours in which: high outdoor light levels occur clear sky conditions occur
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Study of Dallas Sky Conditions Reported Local Meteorological Data

Examined hourly reported cloud cover and solar radiation data at surrounding meteorological stations:
o o o o o Dallas Fort Worth Airport Arlington Airport Love Field Airport Executive Airport, 10 miles SW of Dallas Cedar Hill Station, 18 miles SW of Dallas
Our analysis identified inconsistencies in the reported cloud cover data. This was more apparent for DFW Airport data, for example. We selected Executive Airport as the representative data set. The only station reporting measured total solar radiation is Cedar Hill Station. Period of data: Dec 2003 to Jan 2013
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Study of Dallas Sky Conditions
Reported Local Meteorological Data

Cloud Cover Data is reported in tenths coverage of the sky, at levels of 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.9, 1.0. Clear Sky: 0.0, 0.3 Overcast: 0.9, 1.0
Measured total solar radiation W/m2 was converted to illuminance by multiplying by 93 lm/W (Ref. #1). Actual measurements include effects of: day of year; time of day; and sky condition/cloud cover. Data shows: o o Light levels are moderate to low after 5 pm on most days of the year Winter light levels are generally lower than the rest of the year
Ref #1: Maximum spectral luminous efficiency of white light, Thomas Murphy, Journal of Applied Physics 111, 104909 (2012)
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Study of Dallas Sky Conditions Percent of time of
High Outdoor Illuminance
Dec-Feb: Low <10,000 lux; High >30,000 lux Mar-Nov: Low <20,000 lux; High >40,000 lux
59% 68%
85%
60%
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Percent of time of Clear
Sky Conditions
58%
63%
75%
68%
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Conclusions about Outdoor Light Conditions:

1. Outdoor Illuminance Analysis: At least 59% to 85% of the time after the 11am until late afternoon outdoor light levels are high (i.e., >30,000 lux in the winter, >40,000 lux in other seasons). Cloud Cover Analysis: At least 58% to 75% of the time after the 11am until late afternoon the sky is relatively clear. Therefore, frequent clear skies and frequent high outdoor light levels should be conducive to similar or better natural light illumination of the galleries with the reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing oculus.
2.
3.
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Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views Background

Previous work by the design team has outlined a concept for a reconfigured ocular roof for the Nasher Sculpture Center (NSC) to mitigate reflection issues from Museum Tower (MT). It is proposed that the oculi be both redesigned and rotated. It was determined that a rotation angle of 45 degrees west of north would effectively shade all reflections from the MT as well as direct light from the sun.
Existing (left) and Reconfigured (right) Oculi
Projected cone of vision from sample oculus
Museum Tower in plan view
Question?
By rotating the oculi 45 degrees west of north:
1) Will any current or foreseeably planned buildings be visible through the gallerys altered view of the Dallas sky? 2) If so, would the gallery be susceptible to reflections from these buildings?
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Sun path
NSC rooftop in plan view
Oculi Projection Defines Edge of Reconfigured Extension
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Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views Surrounding Buildings

A number of buildings are currently built to the NW of the NSC Building heights in this direction are limited due to Love Field airstrip to the NW. Existing building positions and heights were estimated from online map data (Google Earth). Building elevations were attained for 1900 McKinney, ensuring an accurate depiction of this building. An empty lot was identified NW of Museum Tower as being a potential site for future development.
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Plan view of surrounding buildings to NW of NSC
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Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views
Surrounding Buildings in View?

A projection was created from a single oculus at the center of the NSC rooftop. In the image to the right, the red transparent surface outlines the bottom limit of the view through the oculus. The arc represents an approximation of the true shape that the back of a reconfigured oculi will have on the projection (line of sight). Any building intercepted by the red surface is predicted to be in view of the reconfigured oculus. The only building that would be in view is the top few floors of the building at 1900 McKinney (shown here in turquoise blue).
Projection of view through reconfigured oculi (red) above which (tourquoise) buildings would be visible from inside gallery
It is also predicted that the limiting height at which a building can be built on the empty lot NW of MT (see yellow dot) is 70 m (230 ft). A building taller than this would potentially be in view from the NSC gallery through the roof with the reconfigured oculi.
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Study of Reconfigured Oculi View Will sunlight reflect from 1900 McKinney onto the NSC?
On the previous slide, the upper floors of 1900 McKinney were determined to be in view of the reconfigured NSC oculus. A computer model reflection study was performed to determine if SE faade would ever reflect light directly on to the NSC rooftop. Images to the right (and the next page) show the predicted daily range of reflections (red) on clear-sky days from the SE faade for the equinox and two solstices relative to the NSC rooftop (yellow box).
Reflections (red) from SE faade of 1900 McKinney on December 21st.
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Reflections (red) from SE faade of 1900 McKinney on March 21st or September 21st.
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Study of Reconfigured Oculi View Will sunlight reflect from 1900 McKinney onto the NSC?
The results show that the SE faade of 1900 McKinney will not reflect light directly on the NSC rooftop at any time of the year.
Reflections (red) from SE facade of 1900 McKinney on June 21st.
Will sunlight reflect from the Proposed Future Building Site?

As reported earlier, the limiting height at which a building can be built on the proposed building site NW of MT (green box) is 70 m (230 ft).
A 70 m building would not reflect on the roof of the NSC. Any height in excess of 70 m would require additional reflectivity studies.
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View from Reconfigured Oculus (red) towards Proposed Future Building Site
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Summary
Existing Oculus with Museum Tower

The model results agree with real-world observations:
Blocks all direct light from sun. Diffuse light collected from clear sky and some direct light bounces off of the oculus cone walls. Allows intermittent, afternoon reflections from Museum Tower to penetrate into the galleries. Reflected light through an oculus occur as bright spot with high illuminance of up to 20,000 lux on sample summer day.
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Summary Reconfigured Oculus:

Blocks all direct light from sun and reflected light from Museum Tower. Restores views to the open Dallas sky, without a view of Museum Tower. Top floors of 1900 McKinney building will be in reconfigured view from NSC, reflection studies indicate that it will not reflect daylight into the galleries. Rotation of oculus to the west allows for exposure to a brighter afternoon sky compared to due north orientation. Reconfigured oculus is able to capture more direct light on clear, sunny days and the cone design effectively scatters diffuse light below oculi. For a clear morning sky and any overcast sky condition the reconfigured oculus provides less light than the existing oculus prior to MT. Computer model estimates show a reduction of up to 50%. At these times ambient light levels are relatively low, therefore artificial light in the galleries would render this difference unnoticeable to the human eye. The overall result is increased overall daylight levels during sunny, clear sky conditions while still maintaining peak illuminance levels similar to the existing design.
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Summary
Conclusions about Outdoor Light Conditions:

1. Outdoor Illuminance Analysis: At least 59% to 85% of the time after the 11am until late afternoon outdoor light levels are high (i.e., >30,000 lux in the winter, >40,000 lux in other seasons). Cloud Cover Analysis: At least 58% to 75% of the time after the 11am until late afternoon the sky is relatively clear. Therefore, frequent clear skies and frequent high outdoor light levels should be conducive to similar or better natural light illumination of the galleries with the reconfigured oculus, as compared to the existing oculus.
2.
3.
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Appendices:
Appendix A: Appendix B:
Oculi Walkability Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected Light Spot
Appendix C:
Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st:
Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi pre (without) Museum Tower
Appendix D:
Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st: Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi with Museum Tower (current scenario)
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Appendix A: Oculi Walkability
Walkability
Currently, the NSC oculi are durable enough that they can be walked on to access the rooftop.
The extended geometry of the reconfigured oculus will be need to fabricated in a manner that is equally durable so as not to alter any accessibility to the NSC rooftop.
Oculi wall thickness as well as potential requirements for additional fillets or struts between oculi will be considered to ensure adequate stiffness to handle vertical and lateral loads.
Existing (top) and Reconfigured (bottom) oculi
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Appendix B:
Qualitative Model Check of Capture of Reflected Light Spot
Size & Shape of reflection through oculus:

Check computer model with a finer light collection grid below the Existing Oculus to confirm that size/shape of high intensity reflected light spot is reasonable in size and light level.
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus

June 21st 4:00pm Clear sky, sunny, in reflection Dense grid to better see reflection shape
Falsecolor image (0 to 20,000 lux scale)
19,340 lux 19,400 lux
~ 4
Existing Oculus (with MT) Grid: 50 x 50 Cell: approx 1.1 x 1.1
Existing Oculus (with MT) Grid: 150 x 150 Cell: approx 0.3 x 0.3
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~ 2
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Appendix C:
Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st: Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi pre (without) Museum Tower
Diurnal simulations to:

Verify that direct light is being blocked by reconfigured oculi at other times on Jun 21 (longest day with highest angles of incidence) Check performance of reconfigured oculi for diurnal cases for multiple times of year (summer, winter, spring) for both overcast and clear skies.
Compare reconfigured oculi performance to baseline case with existing NSC oculi before Museum Tower was built (i.e. no MT obstruction or reflection).
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Mar 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky
Unobstructed: ~55,000 lux (direct) Study oculus not in direct reflection
Cloudy, overcast sky

Unobstructed: ~11,600 lux
190 lux
100 lux
180 lux
120 lux
Existing Oculus (without MT) Total light = 27 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
Total light = 30 lumens Percent of existing (w/o MT) = 110%
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Mar 21st 12:00 pm
Clear, sunny sky

230 lux
170 lux
240 lux
160 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

240 lux 210 lux
230 lux
140 lux

Reconfigured Oculus

Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

150 lux
170 lux
170 lux
100 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Existing Oculus (without MT) Total light =14 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

50 lux
50 lux
30 lux
20 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus June 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky

320 lux
140 lux
270 lux
80 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus June 21st 12:00 pm
Clear, sunny sky

430 lux
230 lux
280 lux
160 lux

Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

360 lux
380 lux
260 lux
160 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

270 lux
345 lux
180 lux
130 lux
Existing Oculus (without MT ) Total light = 45 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

160 lux
230 lux
100 lux
40 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Dec 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky

100 lux
70 lux 120 lux
70 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Dec 21st 12:00 pm
Clear, sunny sky

160 lux
160 lux
160 lux
100 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

130 lux 170 lux
150 lux
60 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

60 lux
100 lux
80 lux
50 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Appendix D:
Modeling of diurnal cycle for March 21st, June 21st, & Dec 21st: Comparison of Reconfigured Oculi with Existing Oculi with Museum Tower (current scenario)
Diurnal simulations to:

Verify that direct light is being blocked by reconfigured oculi at other times on Jun 21 (longest day with highest angles of incidence) Check performance of reconfigured oculi for diurnal cases for multiple times of year (summer, winter, spring) for both overcast and clear skies.
Compare reconfigured oculi performance to baseline case representing current scenario, existing NSC oculi with Museum Tower (i.e. MT provides obstruction and reflection).
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Mar 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky

210 lux
100 lux
220 lux
120 lux
Existing Oculus (with MT) Total light = 60 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
Total light = 30 lumens Percent of existing (w/ MT) = 50%
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Clear, sunny sky

190 lux
170 lux
280 lux
160 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

260 lux 210 lux
260 lux
140 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

140 lux 170 lux
180 lux
100 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Existing Oculus (with MT) Total light =31 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

60 lux 50 lux
40 lux
20 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus June 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky

315 lux
140 lux
190 lux
80 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

270 lux 230 lux
220 lux
160 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

360 lux 380 lux
310 lux
160 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

255 lux
345 lux
155 lux
130 lux
Existing Oculus (with MT ) Total light = 68 lumens
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

170 lux 230 lux
90 lux
40 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Predicted transmitted light levels through a single oculus Dec 21st 10:00 am
Clear, sunny sky

110 lux
70 lux
140 lux 70 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

260 lux 160 lux
190 lux
100 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

80 lux 170 lux
100 lux
60 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Clear, sunny sky

100 lux 100 lux
80 lux
50 lux
Reconfigured Oculus
Reconfigured Oculus
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Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Concept Feasibility Study Reconfigured Oculus

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Study of Dallas Sky Cover

Study of Reconfigured Oculi Views

Appendix A Occuli Walkability Light Spot .

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Renderings of the Museum Tower in Dallas, TX (courtesy of Johnson Fain)

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Reflected Light Issue:

Photo of Reflections inside NSC (May 16, 2012, 3:40pm)

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Concept Feasibility Study:

Reputation Resources Results

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Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Existing NSC Oculus

Reputation Resources Results

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Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Museum Tower in plan view

Reconfigured Oculus (new concept)

Oculi Projection Defines Edge of Reconfigured Extension

Reputation Resources Results

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Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Museum Tower model:

Reputation Resources Results

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Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

NSC & Rooftop Oculi:

NSC Rooftop (center bay)

Test oculus (open to below to admit light)

Ecotect Renderings of NSC Rooftop and Test Oculus

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Description of Collection Grid:

Roof section removed to show light receptor grid

Light receptor grid (4.7x4.7, 1 below oculi)

Ecotect Renderings of Test Oculus and Grid

Reputation Resources Results

Canada | USA | UK | UAE | India | China

Reconfigured Oculus for Nasher Sculpture Center - Concept Feasibility Study

Museum Tower RWDI # 1200597

Reputation Resources Results