Power Transmission and Distribution

Gas-Insulated Switchgear up to 245 kV

Type 8DN9

Gaining from Experience

Our 8D range of gas-insulated switchgear represents a highly successful product concept. Since its introduction back in 1968, Siemens has installed more than 8000 bays worldwide. Well over 100,000 bay-years of operation have since been recorded. Intensive research work and continuous further development of the first prototypes have ultimately led to todays generation of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. This switchgear is notable in particular for: Economic efficiency High operational reliability Safe encapsulations High degree of gas-tightness Low operating costs No maintenance required Good accessibility High availability and Long operating life. All those requirements, which are nowadays usually specified for modern and advanced switchgear with respect to performance and reliability, are met by our switchgear type 8DN9 for rated voltages of up to 245 kV. They are among the most compact designs available worldwide. This compact design has been made possible by use of improved insulating materials, optimization of the enclosure form and utilisation of computer-aided design methods in conjunction with modern casting techniques and improved manufacturing technology.

The space-saving design, low weight and the long operatinglife associated with low operating costs contribute to making this switchgear extremely economical. Since the levels of noise and field emission (EMC) are extremely low, it is possible to integrate them even in sensitive environments, residential quarters and city centers. By virtue of these characteristics, our 8DN9 switchgear fulfills all the requirements for environmentally compatible high-voltage switchgear.

Easily-comprehensible, userfriendly operating front, optimally installed on the feeder.

Our switchgear ensures extraordinarily high availability with low operating costs

Efficient Modular System

A fundamental feature of our gas-insulated switchgear is the high degree of versatility provided by a modular system. The items of equipment are accomodated on their own in gas-tight enclosures, which can be combined as desired, depending on their respective function. With a remarkably small variety of active and passive modules, all customized circuit variants are possible. Sulphur hexafluoride gas (SF6) is used as the insulating and arc-quenching medium. The 8DN9 type of switchgear benefits from the advantages offered by single-phase and three-phase encapsulation.The single-phase encapsulation in the feeder is supplemented by the busbar featuring three-phase encapsulation. This concept enables an extremely compact design with reduced space requirement and minimization of the installation time. Aluminium is used for the enclosure. This assures freedom from corrosion and results in low weight of the equipment. Through use of modern forming and casting techniques, it has been possible to optimize the dielectric and mechanical characteristics of the enclosure. The minimal bay weight ensures minimal floorloading and eliminates the need for complex foundations. All the modules are connected to one another by means of flanges. The gas-tightness of the flange connections is assured by using O-ring seals. This well-proven technology has been applied for several decades. Temperature-related changes in the length of the enclosure and installation tolerances are compensated by bellows-type expansion joints. The conductors are linked by coupling contacts. Where necessary, the joints are accessible via manway openings. Gas-tight bushings allow subdivision of the bay into a number of separate gas compartments. Each gas compartment is provided with its own gas monitoring equipment, a rupture diaphragm and filter material. The static filters in the gas compartments absorb moisture and decomposition products. The rupture diaphragms prevent build-up of an impermissible high pressure in the enclosure. A diverter nozzle on the rupture diaphragm ensures that the gas is expelled in a defined direction in the event of bursting, thus ensuring that the operating personnel are not endangered.
2 14 4 6 5 8 3 10 7 12

6 4
M

M 8

1
M

M 9

11
M

7
x

12 13

10

With only a few modules, all typical switching configurations can be created

11

13

1 Circuit-breaker interrupter unit 2 Spring-stored energy mechanism with circuitbreaker control unit 3 Busbar disconnector I 4 Busbar I 5 Busbar disconnector II 6 Busbar II 7 Outgoing-feeder disconnector 8 Earthing switch (work-in-progress) 9 Earthing switch (work-in-progress) 10 Make-proof earthing switch (high-speed) 11 Current transformer 12 Voltage transformer 13 Cable sealing end 14 Integrated local control cubicle gas-tight bushings gas-permeable bushings

With only a few modules, all typical switching configurations can be created

Circuit-breaker module

1 Contact support 2 Nozzle 3 Main contact 4 Arcing contact 5 Contact cylinder 6 Base

The central element of the gas-insulated switchgear is the single-phase encapsulated circuit-breaker module with its two main components: Interrupter unit Operating mechanism The design of the interrupter unit and of the operating mechanism is based on proven and in most cases identical designs, which have often been employed for outdoor switchgear installations.

Interrupter unit The interrupter unit used in the circuit-breaker for arcquenching operates on the self-compression principle. By virtue of the low amount of operating energy required, the mechanical forces involved are low. This has a positive effect on the stressing both of the circuit-breaker and of the enclosure.

The current path In the case of a self-compression circuit-breaker, the current path is formed by the contact support (1), the base (6) and the moving contact cylinder (5). In the closed condition, the operating current flows through the main contact (3). An arcing contact (4) is connected parallel to the main contact. Interruption of operating current During the breaking operation, the main contact (3) opens first and the current commutates on the arcing contact (4), which is still closed. By this means erosion of the main contact is avoided. As the breaking operation progresses, an arc develops between the contacts (4). The contact cylinder (5) moves simultaneously in the base (6) and compresses the remaining arc-quenching gas. The compressed arc-quenching gas flows through the contact cylinder (5) into the contact gap and extinguishes the arc. Interruption of fault current With high values of short-circuit current, the arc-quenching gas at the arcing contact is heated up considerably by the energy of the arc. This leads to a pressure rise in the contact cylinder. Consequently the energy required for build-up of the arc-quenching pressure does not have to be supplied by the operating mechanism. As the switching operation progresses, the fixed arcing contact releases the outflow of the nozzle (2). The gas now flows out of the contact cylinder and through the nozzle, thus extinguishing the arc.

Circuit-breaker module

Arc-quenching principle

1 2 3 4 5

Breaker in On position

Breaking: Main contact opened

Breaking: Arcing contact opened

Breaker in Off position

Operating mechanism The stored-energy spring operating mechanism provides the force for opening and closing the circuitbreaker. It is installed in a compact, corrosionfree aluminium housing. The closing spring and the opening spring are arranged so as to be visible in the operating mechanism block. The entire operating mechanism unit is completely isolated from the SF6 gas compartments. Anti-friction bearings and a maintenance-free charging mechanism ensure decades of reliable operation. Proven Siemens circuit-breaker design principles have been applied, e.g. vibration-proof latches and loadfree decoupling of the charging mechanism. The operating mechanism offers the following advantages: Defined switching position which is securely maintained even when auxiliary power supply fails Switching-off is possible irrespective of the state of the closing spring High number of mechanical operations Low number of mechanical parts Compact design
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1 2

8 9 10

11 4 12 5

13 14

15

16 7

1 2 3 4 5

Closing release Cam plate Coupling linkage Operating rod Closing connecting-rod spring 6 Opening connecting-rod spring

7 Closing spring 8 Hand-wound mechanism 9 Charging mechanism 10 Charging shaft 11 Roller lever 12 Closing damper

13 14 15 16 17

Operating shaft Opening damper Opening release Mechanism housing Opening spring

Disconnector module

Earthing switches

Common features of disconnectors and earthing switches

Disconnectors assure, in the open state of the breaker, a dielectrically safe gap between system components of varying potential. Disconnectors serve to isolate systems and system components and are used as busbar disconnectors or outgoing feeder disconnectors. All the disconnectors are of the right-angle type. Highvoltage conductors and isolating sections form a 90 angle. Two funnel-shaped bushings support the conductor system with the contact gap. The disconnector modules are in separate gas-tight compartments and are also monitored separately, although sometimes in combination with neighbouring modules.

Earthing switches are switching devices used for earthing and shorting circuits. Pin-type earthing switches are employed as work-in-progress earthing switches and as highspeed earthing switches for the 8DN9 switchgear. In this type of switch, the earthing pin slides into the tulip-shaped fixed contact. When it serves as a highspeed earthing switch, it is equipped with a spring operated mechanism, which is charged by an electric motor. In insulated design they are used for measurement and for testing protection relays. In such cases the moving contact of the earthing switch is guided so that it is insulated with respect to the enclosure.

The three poles of a bay are mechanically coupled by means of operating linkages outside of the enclosure and therefore all the three poles are operated jointly by a motor. Force is transmitted into the enclosure via gas-tight rotating shaft glands. The alarm switches and the ON/OFF indicators are mechanically robust and are connected directly to the operating shaft. Motor operating mechanisms of identical design are used for disconnectors and workin-progress earthing switches. Emergency operation by hand is possible. Enclosures can be fitted with inspection windows on request.

Disconnector

8
Pin-type earthing switch

Instrument transformers

Surge arrester module

Both current and voltage transformers are used for measuring and protection purposes. These are supplied in a number of variants ranging from conventional instrument transformers to advanced current and voltage sensors. Current transformer module The current transformers used are of the enclosed singlephase inductive type. The current transformer is generally located on the outgoing feeder side of the circuit-breaker. It can, however, be located at any point within the bay or substation. The high-voltage conductor forms the primary winding. The cores with the secondary windings are designed in line with requirements in terms of class accuracy and rating. Changeover to various transformation ratios is possible via the secondary connections of the current transformers, which are routed through a gas-tight bushing plate into a terminal box. The pressurized SF6 gas in the module constitutes the primary insulation. The metal-clad design affords a high degree of EMC protection.

Voltage transformer module In the 8DN9 modular system, each single-phase inductive voltage transformer is accommodated in its own enclosure and thus forms a separate gas-tight module. It can be installed either in front or behind of the outgoing feeder disconnector or at the busbar. Each voltage transformer consists of the following main components: An iron core One or more secondary windings on a rack and The primary winding. The pressurized gas inside the enclosure forms (along with the film insulation) the insulation against high voltage. The high-voltage connection to the switchgear is established via the primary conductor, which is supported by a gas-tight bushing. The secondary connections are routed via a gas-tight bushing plate into the terminal box.

If required, enclosed surge arresters can be connected directly. They serve to limit the occurrence of overvoltages. Their active part consists of metal-oxide resistors with strongly non-linear current/voltage characteristic. The arrester is generally flange-jointed to the switchgear via a gas-tight bushing. The tank of the arrester module incorporates a manway opening, by means of which the internal conductor can be accessed for inspection purposes. There are connections for gas monitoring and arrester control devices on the underside. Surge arrester

9
Example: Conventional current transformer module Example: Conventional voltage transformer module

Termination modules

The termination modules connect the bays of the gasinsulated switchgear to the following items of equipment: Overhead line Transformer or reactor coil Cable. They function as the transition link from the SF6-gas insulation within the enclosure to other insulating media.

Cable termination module This module links the metalenclosed gas-insulated switchgear with a high-voltage cable. All customary kinds of high-voltage cable can be connected without problem to the cable termination module. The manway opening serves also as a connection flange for the high-voltage testing system for the cable. The primary conductor connection between cable sealing end and switchgear can be removed for testing purposes.

Outdoor termination The outdoor termination enables the transition from the gas-insulated switchgear to air-insulated components or overhead lines. This termination is a combination of an angle-type module and an outdoor/SF6 bushing. Length, shielding form and creepage distance of the outdoor/SF6 bushing are determined in line with insulation coordination, minimum clearance and degree of pollution. The outdoor termination is suitable for air-insulated connections between GIS and: Overhead lines Outdoor bushings of outdoor transformers or reactor coils Outdoor sealing ends of high voltage cables. Splitting of the connection points of the three phases to provide the necessary air clearance for the conductor insulation is taken into account when the substation is being designed.

Transformer termination module The transformer termination module enables the transition from the gas-insulation directly to the bushing of oil-insulated transformers or reactor coils. The transformer bushing must be oil-tight and pressure gas-tight. Temperature-related movements and irregular settling by the foundations of switchgear and transformer are absorbed by expansion joints.

10
Cable termination module Outdoor termination Transformer termination module

Connecting modules

Busbar module

These single-pole enclosed modules are used for connections required within a bay and/or for gas-insulated busducts. The following connection modules can be employed depending on the circuit and the spacial layout of the bay: Extension modules T-modules Angle-type modules Expansion-joint modules Adapters and Rotary flanges.

Busbars have a three-phase encapsulation. The module conductors are linked via coupling contacts which record temperature-related changes in the conductor lengths. It is also possible to fit sectionalizers, earthing switches and expansion joints. The bay width can be enlarged by spacers, if desired.

Busbar module

Extension module

Extension module

T-module T-modules are used as a junction or for the connection of an earthing switch. Although they are available in different designs, the basic structure is always the same. Design versions T-modules

Angle-type module Angle-type modules are used for the splitting of the conductors into terminal leads. They are available with 30, 45, 60 and 90 angles. Design versions angle-type modules

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Control and monitoring Uniform and flexible control and protection system

Proven and innovative switchgear control All the elements required for control and monitoring are accommodated in a decentralized arrangement in the high-voltage switching devices. The switching device control systems are factory-tested and the switchgear is usually supplied with bay-internal cabling all the way to the integrated local control cubicle. This minimizes the time required for commissioning and reduces possible fault sources. As standard, the control and monitoring system is made up of electromechanical components. Alternatively, the digital intelligent control and protection system SICAM HV with comprehensive diagnostics and monitoring functions is available. More detailed information on the substation state means that maintenance intervals can be geared to the condition of the switchgear. Life-cycle costs can consequently be reduced even further. Gas monitoring Gas-tight insulating partitions divide each bay into functionally distinct gas compartments (circuit-breaker, disconnector, voltage transformer, etc.). The gas compartments are under constant observation by means of density monitors with integrated indicator; any nonconformity is immediately signaled. The optionally available monitoring system with SICAM HV includes sensors that allow a trend forecast for each gas compartment. Monitoring takes place on a triple-pole decentralized basis.

Example: Conventional control of the circuit-breaker

Flexible and reliable protection in bay and substation control Control and feeder protection are generally accommodated in the local control cubicle, which is itself integrated in the operating panel of the switchgear bay. This substantially reduces the amount of space required and also the time needed for commissioning. If requested, a version of the local control cubicle is available for installation separate from the switchgear. Various arrangements of the control and protection components are consequently possible. The cabling between the separately installed local control cubicle and the high-voltage switching devices is connected up via coded plugs, which minimize both the effort involved and the risk of errors. If requested, we can also supply high-voltage switchgear featuring any customary bay and substation control equipment. We provide uniform systems to meet your individual requirements. Neutral interfaces in the switchgear control allow linkup of a conventional control system with contactor interlocking and control panel digital control and protection comprising user-friendly bay controllers and substation automation with PC operator stations (HMI) an intelligent uniformly networked digital control and protection system with supplementary monitoring and telediagnostics functions. From the wide range of Siemens control and protection equipment, we can provide you with a customized concept; everything comes from a single source (See special printed publication).

Bay with integrated local control cubicle

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Transport, Installation, Commissioning, Maintenance

Transport Installation and erection Commissioning Maintenance

In order to facilitate optimal transport and installation on site, our switchgear assemblies are shipped in units as large as possible yet still easy to handle. In the case of type 8DN9, a completely assembled and tested bay prefilled with SF6 gas is shipped as one transport unit. In transport units containing switching devices, all operating mechanism attachments are preset in the factory prior to shipment. The jointing points of the transport units are protected against corrosion and are sealed with transport covers. Goods are packed according to means, duration and route of transport, and also in line with nature and duration of storage. Shipments within Europe are normally transported by road. Switchgear supplied to countries outside Europe is enclosed in sealed packing units, suitable for transport overseas and for a combined duration of transport and storage of up to 12 months. In special cases, the sealed packing units can also be designed for a longer period.

The delivery of complete factory-assembled bays significantly reduces the effort required for installation at site. The bay is brought to its place of installation with the aid of simple devices and is aligned ready for assembly with the other bays. The design of the GIS facilitates unproblematic movement and rapid alignment of the bays. Only a limited number of anchorings and additional steel supports are required for securing the switchgear to the foundation. Depending on the bay design, only the bay termination needs to be assembled. Only bay-to-bay cabling has to be installed on the secondary side. Uncomplicated work procedures, detailed installation instructions and the use of relatively few special tools allow simple and rapid installation of the switchgear by your own personnel under the supervision of an experienced supervisor from Siemens. Our training facilities are at your disposal.

After completion of the assembly work has all switching devices and all electrical circuits for controlling and monitoring are tested to ensure that they function properly, both mechanically and electrically. Flange joints fitted on site are tested for gas leaks. All other flange joints are already factory-tested. All tests are performed according to IEC. The results are documented in reports.

Our gas-insulated switchgear is designed and manufactured so as to produce an optimal balance between design, materials used and maintenance required. The hermetically-sealed enclosures and automatic monitoring assure minimal switchgear maintenance; under normal operating conditions the assemblies are practically maintenance-free. A major inspection is not due before 25 years.

Sea-worthy packing is ensured for overseas shipment

Short, uncomplicated erection and commissioning times enhances the attractivity of the 8DN9

High-voltage test at site

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Quality Assurance

The quality of Siemens gasinsulated switchgear is ensured by an all-encompassing state-of-the-art quality-management system. The system was certified in 1983 in accordance with CSA Z299 and again in 1989 in accordance with DIN EN ISO 9001. Quality assurance for us is primarily a means to increase the customer orientation of our activities. The quality assurance system comprises all product lifecycle sequences, ranging from marketing to after-sales service. Regular management reviews, internal as well as external audits of all processes ensure that the system is effective and up-to-date. Documentation of all qualityrelevant sequences forms the basis. The quality of our switchgear consequently meets even the highest requirements.

Consistent quality management naturally also extends to the production of our gasinsulated switchgear. Assembly in special clean areas in the production work-shops, comprehensive manufacturing inspections and routine tests on individual components, sub-assemblies and complete modules assure reliable switchgear operation. Following the mechanical routine tests, the final quality verification takes place in the form of the high-voltage test on the complete bay or on the complete transport units prior to shipment.

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High-voltage testing of a complete transport unit

Typical Bay Arrangements

The modular system not only allows all customary circuit arrangements but also individual solutions for specific building dimensions, system extensions and much more.

Bay of a single bus system for cable connection

M

3470

1500

4740

Weight of bay: approx. 5 t

Bay of a duplicate bus system for outdoor connection

3470

4500

Weight of bay: approx. 5 t

15

Coupler bay of a duplicate bus system

2670

3580

Weight of bay: approx. 4 t

Bay of a duplicate bus system with transfer bus for cable connection

3470

M M

5300

Weight of bay: approx. 6 t

Bay of a duplicate bus system with bypass for outdoor connection

3800

5490

Weight of bay: approx. 6 t

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Technical Data

Switchgear type

8DN9 up to up to 245 kV 50/60 Hz

Rated voltage Rated frequency Rated power frequency withstand voltage (1 min) Rated lightning impulse withstand voltage (1,2/50 s) Rated switching impulse withstand voltage (250 /2500 s) Rated busbar current Rated feeder current Rated breaking current Rated impulse current Rated short-time current Leakage rate per year and gas compartment Bay width Height, depth

up to

460 kV

up to

1050 kV

up to up to up to up to up to up to <

850 kV 3150 A 3150 A 50 kA 135 kA 50 kA 1 % 1500 mm

See typical bay arrangements EN/IEC

Standards

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For further Information

Tel. +49 91 31/7-3 46 60 Fax +49 91 31/7-3 46 62 E-mail: ptdhgis@ptd.siemens.de www.hv-substations.com

Name / Company Street Postal code / City / Country Tel. / Fax E-mail

Please send me information on the following topics: Gas-insulated switchgear product range HIS Highly Integrated Switchgear up to 145 kV HIS CD-ROM for Windows 95/NT 4.0 or higher Gas-insulated switchgear up to 145 kV Gas-insulated switchgear up to 300 kV Gas-insulated switchgear up to 550 kV Container-type switchgear Further copies of this brochure

Siemens AG Power Transmission and Distribution High Voltage Division Postfach 32 20 91050 Erlangen Germany www.siemens.com/ptd

The information in this document contains general descriptions of the technical options available, which do not always have to be present in individual cases. The required features should therefore be specified in each individual case at the time of closing the contract.

Subject to change without prior notice Order No. E50001-U113-A178-V1-7600 Printed in Germany Dispo-Stelle 30000 61D6913 Vo 100689 PA 07032.