< Need and History Of JAVA

< Features of JAVA

< Diff . B/w c++ and JAVA
< JDK(Java Development Kit)
< JVM(Java Virtual Machine)
< JDBC(Java DataBase Connectivity)
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< James Gosling initiated the Java language
project in June 1991 for use in one of his
many set-top box projects.
< Break platform dependencies of c and c++.
< mplementing object oriented programming
methodology containing built in support for
the use of computer networks, the ability to
execute remote sources of code in a secure
fashion.
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< 1991 Sun Microsystems initiates project
"Greenwith the intent to develop a
programming language for digitally controlled
consumer devices and computers.
< The language OAK was developed by
James Gosling with the goal of using C++'s
popularity but without many of the annoying
features.
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< Sun released the first public implementation
as Java 1.0 in 1995.
< 13 November 2006, Sun released much of
Java as free and open source software under
the terms of the GNU General Public License
(GPL).
< On 8 May 2007 Sun finished the process,
making all of Java's core code free and open-
source
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< Design goals:
Object oriented language.
Allow an automatic garbage collection Mechanism
Security
Threading support
Easily portable on any environment and devices.
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Java is a :
< Simple
< Object oriented
< Distributed
< Secure
< Architecture Neutral
< Portable
< High Performance
Language.
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C++ Java
Can Have a Stand alone Functions All methods are part of a class
Can Have a Global Variable No Global Variable is there
Multiple nheritance No Multiple nheritance
Operator overloading No Operator overloading besides
"+
No Automatic Garbage Collection Automatic Garbage Collection
Heavy Reliance on Preprocessor No Preprocessor
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C++ JAVA
Supports Union and Structs . Does not Supports these.
Supports typedef,enum (user
define data type) .
Doesn't supports typedef,enum.
Supports Constant variable Supports Final variable.
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< The JDK provides all the necessary
components for developing a java program.
< The JVM (java), java compiler (javac),
javadoc, jar utility and many more are
part of the JDK.
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< A Java compiler is a program which converts
Java source code into Java bytecode.
< A basic Java compiler is included as part of the
JDK (Java Development Kit). This Java
compiler is called "javac".
A Java decompiler is a special type of decompiler
which takes a class file as input and produces
Java source code as output.
Java DecompiIers:
"Jode"
< The Jode Java decompiler reads in class files and
produces something similar to the original java file.
Of course this can't be perfect: There is no way to
produce the comments or the names of local
variables.
< The JRE is the Java Runtime Environment.
< The JRE consists of the Java Virtual Machine,
the Java libraries, and all other components
necessary to run Java applications and
applets.
< Sun distributes the JRE seperately.
< t is a piece of software that enables Java
technology to be recognized and successfully
executed on a vast array of hardware
platforms.
< Java virtual machines are so named because
they provide a necessary environment for the
Java bytecode to be executed.
< The flexibility of a JVM allows a Java applet to
be written only once, but able to be run on
virtually any operating system.
*Sun distributes the JVM as part of the JRE.
< JRE includes (JVM ) java virtual machine and some
other library files. That runs a java application.
< JVM - understand the corresponding byte code of a
java class and make it ready for run.
< The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is an
implementation of the JVM (Java Virtual Machine)
that actually executes our java programs.
< JDBC is JAVA DataBase Connectivity.
< JDBC is an interface which allows Java code
to execute SQL statements inside relational
databases
the databases must follow the ANS SQL-2 standard
< JDBC library is implemented in the java.sql
package
Set of classes and interfaces that provide a
uniform AP for access to broad range of
databases
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< A JDBC based application is insulated from the
characteristics of specific database engines
Java AppIication
JDBC
Access
Database
OracIe
Database
Sybase
Database
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< JDBC AP
< JDBC Driver Manager
< JDBC Test Suite
< JDBC-ODBC Bridge
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< t Provide Access To Relational Data from the
JAVA Programming Language.
< Using it Applications can execute SQL
Statements and Retrieve Results.
< JDBC 4.0 AP is divided in to packages:
Java.sql
Javax.sql
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< JDBC DriverManager class define objects
which connect java application to JDBC driver.
< DriverManager has been the back bone of
JDBC Architecture.
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< Used to determine that JDBC drivers will run
Program properly or not.
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< Bridge provides JDBC access via ODBC
drivers.
< ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) is a
Microsoft standard from the mid 1990's.
< t is an AP that allows C/C++ programs to
execute SQL inside databases
< ODBC is supported by many products.
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< The JDBC-ODBC bridge allows Java code to
use the C/C++ interface of ODBC
it means that JDBC can access many different
database products
< The layers of translation (Java --> C --> SQL)
can slow down execution.
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< The JDBC-ODBC bridge comes 1700 with the
JDK:
called sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcJdbcDriver
< The ODBC driver for Microsoft Access comes
with MS Office
so it is easy to connect Java and Access
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< JDBC-ODBC Bridge, plus ODBC driver (Type1)
< Native-AP, partly Java driver (Type 2)
< JDBC-net, pure Java driver (Type 3)
< Native-protocol, pure Java driver (Type 4)
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< This driver type is
provided by Sun with JDK
< These are Depend on
Native Library, which
limits there portability.
< JDBC-ODBC Bridge
Driver is example of
type1 driver.
AppIication Space
Java AppIication
JDBC - ODBC Bridge
Database
SQL
Command
ResuIt
Set
ODBC Driver
Proprietary
ProtocoI
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< Half written in java and
half in native code(c
,c++).
< Due to native code their
portability is limited.
< Directly interfaces with
the database
AppIication Space
Java AppIication
Type 2 JDBC Driver
Database
SQL
Command
ResuIt
Set
Native
Database
Library
Proprietary
ProtocoI
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< &se pure Java CIient and
communicate with
middIeware server using
database independent
protocoI.
< MiddIeware then
communicate with cIient's
request to data source.
AppIication Space
Java AppIication
Type 3 JDBC Driver
Database
SQL
Command
ResuIt
Set
MiddIeware Space
Proprietary
ProtocoI
JDBC Driver
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< Pure Java drivers that
communicate directIy
with the database.
< Advantage:
no additionaI transIation
or middIeware Iayer
Improves performance
AppIication Space
Java AppIication
Type 4 JDBC Driver
Database
SQL Command
&sing Proprietary
ProtocoI
ResuIt Set
&sing Proprietary
ProtocoI
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Driver
Driver Manager
Connection
Statement
Result Set
1. Load the 1DBC driver class:
Class.forName(~driverName);
2. Open a database connection:
DriverManager.getConnection
(~jdbc:xxx:datasource);
3. Issue SQL statements:
stmt con.createStatement();
stmt.executeQuery (~Select ` from myTable);
4. Process result set:
while (rs.next())
name rs.getString(~name);
amount rs.getInt(~amt); ]
Database
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< JBDC AP Supports :
Two Tier Architecture for Data Access
Three - Tier Architecture for Data Access
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< Java Application talks
directly to the database
.
< Accomplished through
the JDBC driver which
sends commands
directly to the database
.
< Results sent back
directly to the
application .
CIient Machine
Java AppIication
JDBC Driver
Database
SQL
Command
ResuIt
Set
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< JDBC driver sends
commands to a middIe
tier, which in turn
sends commands to
database.
< ResuIts are sent back
to the middIe tier, which
communicates them
back to the appIication.
< Maintain controI over
access & updation on
data
CIient Machine
Java AppIication
Database
server
SQL
Command
ResuIt
Set
AppIication Server
(middIe-tier)
Proprietary
ProtocoI
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JDBC
Coded in
C,C++
< Java is used in many facets:
from the digital displays on your microwaves
refrigerators in your kitchen
digital displays on your telephones, fax machines,
and copiers in your office.
t is used on the web (via applets) for
entertainment, research.
other miscellaneous functions, like a website spell
checker that will automatically go through your
website, click each link, and spell check every page.
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