CHAPTER 7 : ACID BASE Soalan 1: PAPER 3 (TRIAL SPM 2010 MELAKA) Table 1 shows the data collected by a student

to determine a relationship between the concentration of nitric acid with pH value. 250 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 standard solution is prepared. The acid solution is then diluted to produce four solutions with different concentrations. pH value for each solution is determined by using pH meter. Concentration /mol dm-3 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 pH value 1.1 2.2 3.1 4.3 5.1 Based on data in Table 1, complete the table below. Variables Action to be taken Manipulated variable Method to manipulate variable Responding variable What to observe in the responding variable Constant variable Method to maintain constant variable[6 marks] (a) (b) (d) State the hypothesis for this experiment. [3 marks] Predict the concentration of nitric acid solution if the pH value is 6.2. [3 marks] Calculate the volume of the standard solution needed to prepare 250cm 3 of 0.001 mol dm-3 nitric acid solution.[3 marks]

2. What is the volume of distilled water that is needed to be added to 6 g of sodium hydroxide to make 0.5 mol dm 3 sodium hydroxide solution? [Relative atomic mass = Na, 23; H, 1; O, 16] 3. What is the volume of distilled water needed to be added to 30 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid to get a concentration of 0.1 mol dm3 dilute hydrochloric acid? 4. Calculate the mass of nitric acid needed to prepare 150 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm3 nitric acid solution.[RAM = H, 1; O, 16; N, 14] 5. 3.7 g of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2 is dissolved in water and diluted to 250 cm3 of solution. Calculate the molarity of hydroxide ions, OH in the solution obtained. [Relative atomic mass = H, 1; O, 16; Ca, 40] 6. 30 cm3 of distilled water was added to 20 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid. What is the concentration, in mol dm3, of hydrochloric acid produced? 7. A solution of 150 cm3 of acid x with molarity of 0.5 mol dm3 contains 9.0 g of acid x. What is the molar mass of acid x? 8. Diagram below shows the preparation of a standard solution.

What is the mass of potassium hydroxide, KOH? [Relative atomic mass = H, 1; O, 16; K, 39] 9. A student wants to prepare 250 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm3 sodium hydroxide solution from a standard solution of 1.0 mol dm3 sodium hydroxide. Describe the process and calculation that involved. 10. What is the mass of hydrochloric acid required to prepare 250 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm3 hydrochloric acid? [RAM = H, 1; Cl, 35.5] 11. The equation below shows the neutralisation reaction between hydrochloric acid dan calcium hydroxide. 2HCl (aq) + Ca(OH)2 (aq) CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O () Calculate the concentration of 25 cm3 hydrochloric acid which undergo neutralisation with 20 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm3 calcium hydroxide.