ECCENTRIC SHEAR CONNECTION ANALYSIS OF WELD GROUP

Instantenious Center of Rotation Method, LRFD Manual of Steel Construction, Second Edition.

Units:

US

Testing spreadsheet vs LRFD manual

Problem Description:

INPUT

OUTPUT

Vertical Force
Horizontal Force
Py, kip
30 Px, kip
13
ex, in
12 ey, in
14
Fillet weld size, w =
Electrode Strength, FEXX =

Ultimate Shear Force, Po 180.95 kip

Angle to horizon, d
66.57 deg
True Eccentricity, e
7.23 in
Solved !

0.25 in
70 kip

Strength Reduction Factor f1 = 1.00

Weld shear capacity per unit length fRn = 0.75(0.6)f1FEXX0.707w =
Weld
##

X1
1
2
3

Node 1
Y1
0
0
0
20
0
0

Node 2
X2
Y2
0
20
8
20
10
0

5.568 kip/in

27.5

Po

Py

22.5

17.5

Px

I.C.
12.5

C.G.
7.5

2.5
-10

-5

-2.5

Welds
Center of rotation
Weld group centroid
Applied Force

10

15

20

Testing spreadsheet vs LRFD manual

Maximum Force at connection

fP =

Connection is concentrically loaded

180.95 kip
FALSE

Vertical Force Py =
30.00 kip
Eccentricity ex =
12.00 in
Angle d =
Horizontal Force Px =
13.00 kip
Eccentricity ey =
14.00 in
Eccen. e =
Weld size
0.25 in
Adjusted d =
Unit Weld Strength
Adjusted e =
fRn =
5.568 kip/in
Instant. Center
Weld Group Centroid
Xo
Yo
Xc
Yc
-5.520
13.963
2.158
9.474
Number of elements in the longest weld =
Total number of elements =

1.162
7.231
1.162
7.231

rad

in
rad

in

20

38

Element properties
Centroid

Weld
##
1
2
3

Weld Properties
Node 1
Node 2
X1
Y1
X2
Y2
0
0
0
20
0
20
8
20
0
0
10
0

Length
LW
20.000
8.000
10.000

angle
alphaW
1.5708
0.0000
0.0000

Length

in

in

in

0.000

0.500

1.000

0.000

1.500

1.000

0.000

2.500

1.000

0.000

3.500

1.000

0.000

4.500

1.000

0.000

5.500

1.000

0.000

6.500

1.000

0.000

7.500

1.000

0.000

8.500

1.000

0.000

9.500

1.000

0.000

10.500

1.000

0.000

11.500

1.000

0.000

12.500

1.000

0.000

13.500

1.000

0.000

14.500

1.000

0.000

15.500

1.000

0.000

16.500

1.000

0.000

17.500

1.000

0.000

18.500

1.000

0.000

19.500

1.000

0.500
1.500
2.500
3.500
4.500
5.500
6.500
7.500
0.500
1.500
2.500
3.500
4.500

20.000
20.000
20.000
20.000
20.000
20.000
20.000
20.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

5.500
6.500
7.500
8.500
9.500

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000

Solver
SRsin(q)/sin(d)

Psin(d)

Charting Applied Force

-180.949 SRcos( q)/cos(d)

-180.948

Pcos(d)

SR*lr/(e+lo)

SRsin(q)

-166.03 SRcos(q)

P(e+lo)
SR*lr
-71.95

Difference

-0.0018 Difference

-0.0001 Difference

166.029

Ultimate shear force

Dist. From 0,0 to Inst. Center
Sideways dist. to Inst. Center

71.95

Po
lo
mo

180.947

12

14

2906.17

12

23.41

0.0013

0.0000

12

14

Best Guess
180.95
8.8298

16.08

14

12
16.08

14
23.41

2906.16 Must be Zero

180.947 kip
8.83 in
-1.066 in

Min Dmax/r
0.0010023

Angle to
resultant
force
q

rad

rad

rad

Angle to
horizon

1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
1.571
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Angle of
resultant to
horizon

-2.752

1.182

Dist. To IC

Dmax

Dmax/lr

lr
in
14.55

in
0.017

0.001

SR

SRsin(b)

7.983

-3.028

Rsin(b)

in

kip

kip

P=D/Dmax

0.015

0.878

7.983

-3.028

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000

Named Ranges

Charting Welds
0
0

SRcos(b)

SR*r

-7.386

116.158

Rcos(b)

R*rad

kip

kip-in

-7.386

116.158

0
20

0
8

20
20

0
10

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

alpha
BestGuess_lo
BestGuess_Po
betta
BigX
BigX1
ConcConn
delta
dmax
e
ex
ex_input

=OFFSET(X,0,3)
=Details!$R$8
=Details!$R$7
=ATAN2(X-Xo,Y-Yo)-PI()/2
=Details!$I$19:$I$1118
=Details!$B$19:$B$38
=Details!$E$4
=Details!$I$8
=IF(theta>0.198348,1.087*POWER(DEGREES(theta)+6
=Details!$I$9
=Details!$F$6
=Input!$B$15

ey
ey_input
FirstElement
FirstWeld
L_elem
lo
lr
LW
Min_Dmax_lr
mo
Mustbe0
Nel
p_ratio
Po
Px
Py
Rn
Rult
SumRcos
SumRd
SumRsin
theta
Total_N_el
UnitForce
UnitLength
Units
UnitStress
w
X
X_1
X_2
Xc
Xo
Y
Y_1
Y_2

=Details!$F$7
=Input!$D$15
=Details!$I$19
=Details!$B$19
=OFFSET(X,0,2)
=Details!$P$8
=SQRT((X-Xo)^2+(Y-Yo)^2)
=OFFSET(X_1,0,4)
=MIN(dmax/lr)
=Details!$P$9
=Details!$R$5
=Details!$E$14
=lr*MIN(dmax/lr)/dmax
=Details!$P$7
=Details!$C$7
=Details!$C$6
=Rult*L_elem*(1+0.5*POWER(SIN(theta),1.5))*POWER
=Details!$B$10
=Details!$O$4
=Details!$Q$4
=Details!$M$4
=ABS(ASIN(SIN(alpha-betta)))
=Details!$E$15
=IF(Units="US","kip","kN")
=IF(Units="US","in","mm")
=Input!$B$8
=IF(Units="US","ksi","MPa")
=Details!$B$8
=OFFSET(BigX,0,0,COUNT(BigX),1)
=OFFSET(BigX1,0,0,COUNT(BigX1),1)
=OFFSET(X_1,0,2)
=Details!$F$12
=Details!$D$12
=OFFSET(X,0,1)
=OFFSET(X_1,0,1)
=OFFSET(X_1,0,3)

Yc =Details!$G$12
Yo =Details!$E$12

8,1.087*POWER(DEGREES(theta)+6,-0.65)*w,0.17*w)

0.5*POWER(SIN(theta),1.5))*POWER(p_ratio*(1.9-0.9*p_ratio),0.3)

COUNT(BigX),1)
0,COUNT(BigX1),1)

ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP

ULTIMATE STRENGTH METHOD, LRFD 2nd EDITION
Y

Pu

Unit-Weld element

Py

e
CG (Xc,Yc)

lo
(Xi,Yi)
mo

Input
Details

d
Px
ey

lri

IC (Xo,Yo)

b
ex

Ri

Input Data:

Spreadsheet Formulas:

Shear force application: Px Py ex ey

Continuous weld formulas

X1,X2,Y1,Y2 - Cont. weld coordinates

LW = SQRT(SUMSQ(X2-X1,Y2-Y1))

Single bolt shear capacity: fRn

aW=atan2(X2-X1,Y2-Y1)
Xc=SUM(LW*(X1+X2)/2)/SUM(LW)

Equlibrium equations:

Yc=SUM(LW*(Y1+Y2)/2)/SUM(LW)
Xo = -losin(b) - mocos(b) + Xc

(1)

SRsin(b) + Posin(d) = 0

(2)

SRcos(b) + Pocos(d) = 0

(3)

SRlr + P0(e+lo) = 0

Yo = locos(b) - mosin(b) + Yc

This spreadsheet is using the Instantenious

Center of Rotation Method to determine
shear capacity of weld group. This method
is described in LRFD Code (2nd Edition,
Volume II, p. 8-154). In theory, the weld
group rotates around IC, and the
displacements of each unit-weld element is
proportional to the distance to IC.
To determine the critical element, the ratio
Dmax/lr is computed for each element,
where
Dmax = 1.087w(q+6)-0.65<=0.17w
lr = distance from IC to unit-weld element.
w = leg size of the weld.
q = the angle between resisting force in
unit-weld segment and its axis.
The element with the smallest ratio
reaches the ultimate capacity first. The
deformation of the other elements can
then be computed as D=lr(Dmax/lr)min
The resisting force for each element can
be found from :
R=FEXX(1+0.5sin1.5q)[p(1.9-0.9p)]0.3, where
p=D/Dmax
D = total deformation of the unit-weld
element.
Solving the system of three equilibrium
equations we can find location of IC and
ultimate shear force of weld group.

Unit-weld elements formulas

b = ATAN2(X-Xo,Y-Yo)-p/2

Equations variables: Po lo and mo q = aW - b

e = -(ey-Yc)cos(b) + (ex-Xc)sin(b)
Excel Solver is used to find the roots qi = atan((Yi-Yo)/(Xi-Xo)) - p/2
of the equations.

lr = SQRT((Y-Yo)2+(X-Xo)2)

VBA routine 'ReadWelds' divides

Dmax=min(1.087*(DEGREES(q)+6)-0.65w,0.17w)

continuous welds into elements.

p=(lr/Dmax)(Dmax/lr)min

Default number of elements is 20

per longest weld, provides sufficient

R=fRn*L(1+0.5*SIN1.5(q))[p(1.9-0.9p)]0.3
fRn = 0.75*0.6*FEXX*0.707*w*f1 [force/length]

accuracy.

f1 - electrode strength adjustment coefficient (see sheet 'Input' for table)