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CHNG 0. C HC VT RN
1. NG HC VT RN * Lin h gia tc gc v tc di
v = R
an = R 2
* Gia tc php tuyn * Gia tc ton phn
2 a = at2 + an
at = R
* Tc gc trung bnh
=
* Gia tc gc trung bnh
t t
=
* Gia tc gc tc thi
= t + 0
1 = t 2 + 0t 2
* Cng thc c lp vi thi gian
2 2 0 = 2 .
n = (n 0,5) + 0 T= 1 2 = f
* Tc quay
=
2. MOMEN QUN TNH
* Cng thc tng qut
n 30
n: s vng quay/pht
I = ( mR 2 )
* Momen qun tnh ca vnh trn ng cht
I = mR 2
* Momen qun tnh ca a trn ng cht
I=
I=
1 mR 2 2
1 2 ml 3
I=
I=
1 ml 2 12
2 mR 2 5
gocriengtrenban.com6
CNG THC LP 12
I=
2 mR 2 3
I M = I O + md 2
d: khong cch MO
3. NG LC HC VT RN
* Momen lc
M = F.d F /O
M I M M can = F I
* o hm ca momen ng lng
M=
4. NNG LNG
* Momen ng lng
dL dt
L = I
I1 1 + I 2 2 = ( I1 + I 2 )
* ng nng quay
Wd =
W=
1 2 I 2
1 2 1 2 I + mv 2 2
Wd =
L2 2I
CNG THC LP 12
CHNG 1. DAO NG C HC
1. DAO NG IU HO * Tn s, chu k
= 2 f = 2 / T
T: chu k (s)
* Phng trnh vn tc
* Tc /Gia tc cc i
vmax = A
* Lin h vn tc v li
amax = A 2
v2 = 2 ( A2 x 2 ) A2 = x 2 +
* Lin h gia tc v li
v2 2
a = 2 x
* Lin h amax v vmax
2 vmax A= amax
4 A 2 vmax = T t 360 T
= ) 2
smax = 2 A sin(
smin = 4 A sin 2 (
) 4
cos(
v )= 2 vmax
cos(
speed )= 4 speedmax
* Qung ng di chuyn c T -> 4A; T/2 -> 2A * Thi gian di chuyn 0 - A/2: T/12; A/2 - A: T/6 0 - A2/2: T/8; A2/2 - A: T/8 0 - A3/2: T/6; A3/2 - A: T/12 2. CON LC L XO * Tn s gc ca CLLX
k m l0 =
T = 2 mg g = 2 k
m k
* bin dng
l = l0 + x
3
CNG THC LP 12
* Lc ko v * Lc n hi
* Lc n hi ln nht
* Lc n hi nh nht
* Chiu di l xo v tr cn bng
* Bin con lc
A=
lmax lmin 2
* L xo ghp ni tip
T 2 = T12 + T22
* L xo b ct
k1 l2 = k2 l1
* iu kin vt m khng trt trn vt M
kA g (m + M )
: h s ma st gia m v M k: cng ca l xo (N/m)
g l s = l
T = 2 v = l '
l g
* Lin h gia n v di v n v gc
v = 2 gl (cos cos 0 )
2
* Tc cc i
v0 = l 0 T12 l1 = T22 l2
* Lc cng dy
T = mg(3cos 2 cos 0 )
CNG THC LP 12
* Lc cng dy ln nht
* Thay i cao
T2 R + h = T1 R
R: bn knh tri t
g ' = g2 + a2
a: gia tc ngoi (m/s2)
a=
qE m T2 ) T1
t = t .(1
T = (
l1 l + 2) g g
Wd =
* Th nng con lc l xo
1 2 mv 2 1 2 kx 2 1 m 2l 2 2 2
Wt =
* Th nng con lc n
Wt = mgl (1 cos ) =
* C nng tng qut
W = Wt + Wd 1 1 m 2 A 2 = kA 2 2 2
* C nng con lc l xo
W=
CNG THC LP 12
* C nng con lc n
W=
1 2 m 2l 2 0 2
A =
4 NFc 4 N mg = k k
N=
A kA kA = = A 4 F 4 mg kA 2 kA 2 = 2 F 2 mg T= s v
* Qung ng i c cho n lc tt hn
s=
6. TNG HP DAO NG * Cng pha A = A1 + A2 = Amax * Ngc qua A = |A1 - A2| = Amin * Vung pha
2 A = A12 + A2
* Cng bin
A = 2 A1 cos(
* Bin tng qut
) 2
2 A 2 = A12 + A2 + 2 A1 A2 cos
* Pha tng hp
tan =
N1T1 = N 2T2
CNG THC LP 12
CHNG 2. SNG C HC
1. SNG C HC TNG QUT * Bc sng ca sng c hc
v f 2 d
t x u = A cos(2 ( )) T
* Tc lan truyn sng
v=
FT
k=
d L
k=
* Phng trnh giao thoa
u = 2 A cos
k=
2l
= 2l
= 4l
I=
* T s cng m
P 4 R 2
2 I1 R2 = 2 I 2 R1
* Mc cng m
L = log(
* Trung im
I ) I0
LA LB = log(
IA ) IB
dM =
dA + dB 2
dM =
dA dB 2
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CNG THC LP 12
I=
I0 2 i= UR R
U=
U0 2
* Cng tc thi
i uL + =1 I0 U0 L
* in p tc thi * Cm khng * Dung khng
i uC + =1 I0 U0C
u = u R + u L + uC
Z L = L = 2 fL ZC = 1 1 = C 2 fC
2 2
* Tng tr
Z = R 2 + ( Z L Z C ) = ( R + r )2 + ( Z L Z C )
* in p ton mch
2 U = UR + (U L U C ) 2
* lch pha
tan =
Z L ZC U L UC = R UR
U U R U L UC = = = Z R Z L ZC R : Z L : ZC = U R :U L :UC I=
* H s cng sut
cos =
* Cng sut in
R UR = Z U U2 cos 2 R
P = UI cos = RI 2 =
P = ( R + r )I 2
* Cng hng in: I max, P max
Z L = ZC Z = R U L = UC U = U R 1 1 = 0 = f = f0 = LC 2 LC cos = 1 P = UI 0 f0 Z C = = f ZL
u, i cng pha
* u1 vung pha vi u2
tan 1 tan 2 = 1 ZC = 2 Z L
CNG THC LP 12
Z L = 2 ZC
R = Z L ZC Pmax U2 = 2R cos = 2 2
* P max khi c R, r
R + r = Z L ZC Pmax = U2 2( R + r )
2
cos =
2 2
* PR max khi c R, r
R=
( Z L ZC )
U2 R1 + R2
2 0
+r
Pmax
U2 = 2( R + r )
2
P=
R1 R2 = ( Z L ZC ) Pmax U2 = ) 2 R1 R2
( R = R1 R2
L=
* UL max
2 R2 + Z C ZL = ; ZC
1 C 2
uRC v u vung pha
U L max =
* URL max
ZL = U RL max
2 ZC + Z C + 4 R2 2 2 RU = 2 2 4R + ZC ZC
ZC = Z L0 =
Z L1 + Z L2 2
1 1 2Z + = 2 C2 Z L1 Z L2 R + Z C 1 1 1 1 2 L1 L2 (UL max) = ( + ) L = Z L 2 Z L1 Z L2 L1 + L2
4. KHI C THAY I
CNG THC LP 12
C=
* UC max
1 L 2
uLR v u vung pha
R2 + Z 2 L ZC = ; ZL U C max =
* URC max
ZC = U RC max
Z L = Z C0 =
ZC1 + ZC2 2
=
* UL max
1 LC 2 LU R 4 LC R 2C 2
=
C
* UC max
1 L R C 2
2
U L max =
1 L R2 L C 2
U C max =
2CU R 4 LC R 2C 2
* = 1; = 2 cho cng P
1 2 = 0 =
* = 1; = 2 cho cng UL
1 LC
1 1 C 2 R2 + 2 = LC 12 2 2
* = 1; = 2 cho cng UC
1 1 L2 + 2= L R2 12 2 R 2
6. MY BIN P
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CNG THC LP 12
* My l tng
U1 N1 I 2 = = U 2 N 2 I1
* My khng l tng
H=
Ptt RI 2 = 2 Ptp U1 I1
H: hiu sut my bin p
7. TRUYN TI IN NNG I XA * in tr dy
R=
* Cng sut hao ph
l S
: in tr sut (m)
RP 2 P = 2 U cos 2
* Hiu sut truyn ti
H = 100%
* gim th
P P
f=
np 60
n: s cp cc p: s vng quay/pht
0 = NBS
* Sut in ng cc i sinh ra
E0 = 0
2
E + =1 0 E0
* Mch mc hnh sao
Id = I p U d = 3U p P = 3U p I p cos
* Mch mc hnh tam gic
I d = 3I p Ud = U p P = 3U d I d cos
11
CNG THC LP 12
CHNG 4. DAO NG IN T
1. DAO NG IN T * Tn s dao ng
1 LC
f=
1 2 LC C L
* Cng dng in cc i
I 0 = Q0 = U 0 q = Cu
i u + =1 I0 U0
* Nng lng in t trng
i q + =1 I0 Q0
1 2 Li 2 1 1 1 q2 WC = Cu 2 = qu = 2 2 2C W = WL + WC WL =
* Nng lng hao ph
2 I0 P = RI = R 2 2
2. SNG IN T
* Bc sng in t
= 2 c LC
* Ghp t
C// = C1 + C2 1 1 1 = + Cnt C1 C2 C
: gc quay c
* T xoay
1 C = 1 C2 2
* Ghp cun dy
Lnt = L1 + L2 1 1 1 = + L// L1 L2 1 L = 1 L2 2
2
12
CNG THC LP 12
1 n2 = (f khng i) 2 n1
n1 sin i = n2 sin r n1i = n2 r r = rdo rtim
r =
* Khong vn giao thoa
xa D
i=
* Bc giao thoa
D a
k=
x r = i i n eD a
in =
x0 = ( n 1) x0 =
D d D1
* B rng quang ph
13
CNG THC LP 12
= hf =
* Cng thot
Wd0 max =
* Cng thc quang in
= A + Wd0 max
e U h = Wd0 max
I=
ne .e t n p . t ne np
P=
* Hiu sut quang in
H=
Wd = Q +
En =
13,6 (eV ) n2 hc mn
Em En = hfmn = 1 1 1 = + 31 32 21
* Bn knh mc nng lng
r = n 2 r0
* Vn tc electron mc n
v=
9.10 9 e2 r.n
14
CNG THC LP 12
CHNG 7. VT L HT NHN
1. TNG QUT V HT NHN * ht khi
m = Zm p + ( A Z )mn m X
w =
* S mol
W A
n=
2. PHNG X * Hng s phng x
N m = NA A
=
* Lng cn li
ln 2 0,693 = T T
N = N 0 2 t /T = N 0 e T m = m0 2 t /T = m0 e T n = n0 2 t /T = n0 e T H = H 0 2 t /T = H 0 e T
* S ht sinh ra
N = N 0 (1 2 t /T )
* T s ht mi v c sau thi gian t
= 2 t /T 1
mY =
* phng x
AY m0 (1 2 t /T ) AX H = N
1 Ci = 3,7.1010 Bq 1 Bq = 1 phn r/s
* Tc phn r/chiu x
t =
N H
N: s phn r
At = As Zt = Z s
W = ( mt ms ) c 2 = ( ms mt ) c 2 = Ws Wt p = mv = 2 mK pt = ps
pY = p
Y: ht nhn con 15
CNG THC LP 12
x1 x = 2 x01 x02
* Mi quan h gia 2 i lng cng pha, ngc pha
x1 x2 + =1 x01 x02
x1,x2: cc gi tr tc thi x01,x02: cc gi tr cc i
x a x b = x a +b ( x a )b = x ab eln x = x
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