Lesson Objectives

This lecture will help you to:

Discuss about how to interface with analog world.
Understand D/A and A/D conversion:

Having basic knowledge on DAC and ADC. Knowing several types of DAC and ADC.

Have some examples of ADC and DAC ICs.

Discuss on some typical applications.

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INTERFACE TO REAL WORLD

A transducer is an electronic device that converts energy from one form to another. (focused on eletrical signal).

Binary value

An actuator is a transducer that accepts a signal and converts it to a physical action. (focused on eletrical signal)

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DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION

D 0 C 0 B 0 A 0 Vout 0

0
0

0
0 0 1 1

0
1 1 0 0

1
0 1 0 1

1
2 3 4 5

Vref = 16V

0 0 0

D Digital C inputs B A

MSB

Digital to Analog

1
1 0 0 0

1
1 0 0 1

0
1 0 1 0

6
7 8 9 10

Vout

0 1 1 1

stepsize

LSB

CONVERTER

0
1 1 1 1

1
0 0 1 1

1
0 1 0 1

11
12 13 14 15

Four-bit DAC with voltage output.

1 1 1 1

fullscale
4

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DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION

Weighted resistor DAC

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DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION

R/2R DAC

Unique resistor value

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DAC APPLICATIONS
Control: Analog control to adjust motors speed, temperature, fluid/air flows, gas pressure, etc. Automatic testing: produce pseudo-analog signal to feed into analog circuitry (eg. Auto volume control). Signal reconstruction: Reconstruct digitized stored signals (eg. MP3 player) A/D Conversion: Being an important part of ADC.

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DAC 0808 IC
Pinout and block diagram

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DAC 0808 IC
Typical application

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Analog to Digital Conversion

The process sequence

4 5 1 2

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Digital Ramp ADC

The process sequence
3

2 1
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Successive-Approximation ADC
The process sequence

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Successive-Approximation ADC
4 bit SAC example

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FLASH ADC
The process sequence

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Digital Voltmeter
Digital Voltmeter using Digital-Ramp ADC

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ADC 0809 IC
Block diagram

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ADC 0809 IC
Pinout and typical application

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SUMMARY
What you have learned: Interfacing with analog world process Digital to Analog Conversion DAC types Analog to Digital Conversion ADC types Application examples Intergrated Circuits
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QUESTIONS?

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