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EXPERIMENTS

IN
ENERGY
CONVERSION
Experiment No. 1
Starting and speed control of a Shunt Motor
Reverse and Forward

Experiment No. 2
AC Series Motor Reverse and Forward

Experiment No. 3
Compound Motor

Experiment No. 4
Capacitor-Run Motor

Experiment No. 5
Single phase Induction Motor

Experiment No. 6
Capacitor-Start motor
Reverse

Experiment No. 7
CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115, SINGLE PHASE
HIGH VOLTAGE CONNECTION
FORWARD

Experiment No. 8
Capacitor-Start Dual Voltage 230/115 Single Phase
High Voltage Connection
Reverse

Experiment No. 9
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase
Low Voltage Connection
Forward

Experiment No. 10
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase
Low Voltage Connection
Reverse

Experiment No. 11
Three Phase Squirrel cage Induction Motor
Connecting six terminal leads 380/230 V, three phase motor
High Voltage connection
WYE
Experiment No. 12
Connecting nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase motor
High Voltage Connection
Delta

Experiment No. 13
Connecting nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor
Series Wye
STAR

Experiment No. 14
Load characteristics of Series, Shunt and Compound motors

Experiment No. 15
DC generator

Experiment No. 16
Parallel operation of separately excited generators

Experiment No. 17
Synchronous Motors
Experiment No. 1
Starting and speed control of a Shunt Motor
Reverse and Forward

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Shunt Motor.


To be able to install and start and control the speed of Shunt Motor in the forward
and reverse direction.

Materials:

DC Shunt Motor
DC milliammeter
DC power supply
Fuses
swithces
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
HV DC VOLTAGE supply
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Shunt Motor


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Shunt Field resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:
What are the behavior of a shunt generator under load?

What are the safety precautions when handling motors?

What determines the direction of the motor?


Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 2
AC Series Motor
Reverse and Forward

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Series Motor.


To be able to install and operate the Series Motor in the forward and reverse
direction.

Materials:

AC Series Motor
Variac
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram

Forward Reverse

ser i es f i el d s er i es f i el d
1

2
A

A
2

SERIES MOTOR

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Series Motor


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Series Field resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Armature
Resistance

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:

What are the behavior of a series generator under load?

Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 3
Compound Motor

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Compound Motor.


To be able to install and operate the Compound Motor.

Materials:
Variac
Compound Motor
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

s er i es f i el d s er i es f i el d
1

2
A

shunt field Shunt field


A
2

COMPOUND MOTOR

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Compound Motor


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.

Table 1:

Shunt Field resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Armature
Resistance
Series Field resistance
Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:

What are the behavior of a compound generator under load?

Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 4

Capacitor-Run Motor

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a CAPACITOR-RUN MOTOR.


To be able to install and operate the CAPACITOR-RUN MOTOR.

Materials:
Variac
Capacitor Run Motor
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

RW SW

Capacitor Run

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Capacitor Run Motor.


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Starting winding
S.W.

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question

1. What are the characteristics of a capacitor run motor?

Observations:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 5
Single Phase Induction Motor

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Induction Motor.


To be able to install and operate the Induction Motor.

Materials:
Variac
Inductions Motor
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer
Fuses
Switches
Tachometer
Wattmeter, single phase

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

RW SW

C.S.

Induction Motor
FORWARD

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Induction Motor.


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Armature
resistance
Centrifugal Switch
Resistance C.S.
Starting winding
resistance, S.W.

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

QUESTIONS:

Typical applications of Capacitor start motor.

What is an induction motor?


Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 6
Capacitor-Start Induction motor
Reverse

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a CAPACITOR-START INDUCTION


MOTOR.
To be able to install and operate the CAPACITOR-START INDUCTION MOTOR.

Materials:
Variac
Capacitor-Start induction Motor
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

2
T1

RW SW

C.S.

CAPACITOR START
REVERSE

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Capacitor Start Motor.


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles
Centrifugal Switch
Resistance, C.S.
Starting winding, S.W.

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Questions:

What are the difference between the forward and reverse of capacitor start
induction motor?

What are the difference between the capacitor start motor and capacitor run
motor?
Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 7
CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115, SINGLE PHASE
HIGH VOLTAGE CONNECTION
FORWARD

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE


230/115, SINGLE PHASE.
To be able to install and operate the CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE
230/115, SINGLE PHASE.

Materials:
Variac
CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115, SINGLE PHASE
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

RW1

SW
RW2

C.S.

CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115, SINGLE PHASE


HIGH VOLTAGE CONNECTION
FORWARD

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115,


SINGLE PHASE.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW1 minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles
Centrifugal Switch Running winding
resistance C.S. Resistance, RW2

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power.

Observations:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 8
Capacitor-Start Dual Voltage 230/115 Single Phase
High Voltage Connection
Reverse

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Capacitor-Start Dual Voltage 230/115 Single


phase .
To be able to install and operate the Capacitor-Start Dual Voltage 230/115 Single
Phase.

Materials:
Variac
CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115, SINGLE PHASE
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

RW1

SW
RW2

C.S.

Capacitor-Start Dual Voltage 230/115 Single Phase


High Voltage Connection
Reverse

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the CAPACITOR START DUAL VOLTAGE 230/115,


SINGLE PHASE.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW1 minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles
Centrifugal Switch Running winding
resistance C.S. Resistance, RW2
Starting winding
resistance, S.W.

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Observations:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 9
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase
Low Voltage Connection
Forward

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single


phase.
To be able to install and operate the Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single
phase.

Materials:
Variac
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor
8

RW1

7
SW
RW2
5

C.S.

Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase


Low Voltage Connection
Forward

Procedure:
Determine the parts of the Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:
Running winding Revolution per
resistance, RW1 minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Supply Voltage
Centrifugal Switch Running winding
resistance C.S. Resistance, RW2

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question

What are the difference between high voltage and low voltage connections?

Observations:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 10
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase
Low Voltage Connection
Reverse

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single


phase.
To be able to install and operate the Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single
phase.

Materials:
Variac
Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase.
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Electrolytic Capacitor

RW1

SW
RW2

C.S.

Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase


Low Voltage Connection
Reverse

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Capacitor-Start Dual voltage 230/115, single phase.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Running winding Revolution per


resistance, RW1 minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Starting Current Current


Running Current Power
Poles Supply Voltage
Centrifugal Switch Running winding
resistance C.S. Resistance, RW2

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Observations:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 11
Three Phase Squirrel cage Induction Motor
Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of Three Phase Squirrel cage Induction Motor.
To obtain the performance characteristics of a three-phase squirrel cage induction
motor.
DISCUSSION
Three-phase induction motors are by far the most widely used in industry. They
constitute about 80% of the total number of motors used in industry. Three-phase
induction motors are popular because they are more economical, last longer, and
require
less maintenance than other types of motors. The stator is composed of laminations
of
high-grade sheet steel. A three-phase winding is put in slots cut on the inner surface
of
the stator frame. The stator windings can be either star (wye) - or delta-connected.
The
simplest and most widely-used rotor for induction motors is the squirrel cage rotor.
A
squirrel cage rotor consists of bare aluminum bars that are connected at their
terminals to
shorted end rings. The rotor bars are not parallel to the rotor axis but are set at a
slight
skew. This reduces mechanical vibrations, so the motor is less noisy.

Materials:

AC Ammeter
AC voltmeter
Connecting wires
Dynamometer
Fuses
Squirrel Cage Induction motor
3 Phase Supply
Switches
Tachometer
Wattmeter, 1 phase

Diagram.
Wye Connection
Procedure:

Determine the parts of the six terminal leads 380/230 V, three phase motor.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.

Table 1:

Individual resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Phase Voltage Current


Line Voltage Power
Line Current Poles

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:

What are the difference between three phase motors and single phase motors?
Observation:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 12
Connecting nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase motor
High Voltage Connection
Delta

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase
motor..
To be able to install and operate the nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase
motor.

Materials:

Nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase motor


Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

Nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase motor


High Voltage Connection
Delta

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the nine terminal leads 460/230 V, three phase motor.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Individual resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Phase Voltage Current


Line Voltage Power
Line Current

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:

What is the difference between 6 terminal and nine terminal leads motor?

Observation:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 13
Connecting nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor
Series Wye
STAR
Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor.
To be able to install and operate the nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor.

Materials:

Nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor


Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer

Diagram.

11 12

Nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor


Series Wye
STAR

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the nine terminal 460/230 V, three phase motor.
Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Individual resistance, Revolution per


minute, RPM
Total resistance, Rt Supply Voltage

Phase Voltage Current


Line Voltage Power
Line Current

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Observation:

Conclusion:
Experiment No. 14
Load characteristics
of Series, Shunt and Compound motors

Objectives:

To be able to connect a series, shunt and compound motors in a controlled setting,


observe what will happen with no load.To be able to observe the differences between
the types of motors. Describe characteristics of the three types of DC motors: shunt,
series and compound

Materials:

DC Power supply
DC series motor
DC shunt motor
DC compound motor
Connecting wires
Fuses
Series field rheostat
Shunt field rheostat
Switches
Tachometer
Multitester

Diagram

Figure 13. DC Series Motor: Schematic and Wiring Diagram

Figure 14. DC Shunt Motor: Schematic and Wiring Diagram

Figure 15. DC Compound Motor: Schematic and Wiring Diagram


Procedure:
Connect the motor to the tachometer.
Observe the difference between the three motors having the same supply voltage.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.

Table 1:
Motors SUPPLY LOAD RPM
VOLTAGE RESISTANCE
Series Motor
Shunt Motor
Compound Motor

Motors SUPPLY LOAD RPM


VOLTAGE RESISTANCE
Series Motor
Shunt Motor
Compound Motor

Motors SUPPLY LOAD RPM


VOLTAGE RESISTANCE
Series Motor
Shunt Motor
Compound Motor

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:
What are the behavior of a series motor under load?

What are the behavior of a shunt motor under load?

What are the behavior of a compound motor under load?


Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 15
Characteristics of DC generators

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a DC generators.


To be able to examine a DC generators and observe how it works.
To be able to identify the different windings.

Materials:

DC Generator
DC milliammeter
DC generator with shunt windings
Fuses
Lamp loads
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
HV DC VOLTAGE supply
Multi-tester
Tachometer
Switches

Diagram

DC Generator

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the DC Generator

Measure the different resistances of the DC armature and field windings using the
ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the output voltage using the multitester.
Table 1:

Field resistance Revolution per


minute, RPM
Armature resistance Supply Voltage

Output voltage Output Current


Supply Current Power

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:
What determines the speed of a DC generator?

What is the difference between AC and DC generator?


Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 16
Parallel operation of separately excited generators

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a separately excited generators.


To be able to examine a separately excited generators and observe how it works.
To be able to identify the different windings.

Materials:

DC Generator
DC milliammeter
DC generator with shunt windings
Fuses
Lamp loads
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
HV DC VOLTAGE supply
Multi-tester
Tachometer
Switches

Diagram

Separately excited Generator

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Separately excited Generator

Measure the different resistances of the Separately excited Generators armature


and field windings using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the output voltageusing the multitester.
Table 1:

Field resistance Revolution per


minute, RPM
Armature resistance Supply Voltage

Output voltage Output Current


Supply Current Power

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for table 1 determine your frequency and power:

Question:
What determines the speed of a separately excited generator?

Observations:

Conclusions:
Experiment No. 17
Synchronous Motor

Objectives:

To be able to familiarize the parts of a Induction Motor.


To be able to install and operate the Induction Motor.

Materials:
Variac
Synchronous Motor
Electrolytic capacitors
Connecting wires
Clamp Ammeter
Multi-tester
Tachometer
Fuses
Switches
Tachometer
Wattmeter, single phase

Diagram.

Synchronous Motor

Procedure:

Determine the parts of the Induction Motor.


Measure the different resistances of the motor using the ohmmeter.
Record on the Table 1.
Determine the revolution of the motor using the tachometer.
Determine the name plate data on the motor.
Table 1:

Field resistance Revolution per


minute, RPM
Armature resistance Supply Voltage

Output voltage Output Current


Supply Current Power

Computations:
Show your formula and solution
Using the values for Table 1 determine your frequency and power:

QUESTION:

What is the advantage of Synchronous motors?

What is the difference between synchronous and asynchronous motors?

Types of Synchronous motors?


Observations:

Conclusions:

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